CN104396893A - Simple breeding method for edible locusts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial breeding, and specifically relates to a simple breeding method for edible locusts. The simple breeding method for the edible locusts comprises the following steps: selecting and clearing up a site; constructing a locust breeding shed; performing locust larval-period management; performing locust mature-period management; performing sunstroke prevention and thermal insulation on the locusts. The simple breeding method for the edible locusts is simple in technology, convenient in management, easy in popularization and stable in locust finished product price which is always kept at about 20yuan/jin, thereby being a good project for farmers to start a business and increase the income by use of spare time.

Description

A Simple Way to Cultivate Edible Grasshoppers

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial breeding, and in particular relates to a simple and convenient breeding method for edible grasshoppers.

Background technique

Grasshopper scientific name locust, nutritious, rich in protein and lecithin, containing 18 kinds of amino acids and multivitamins, is an ideal high-nutrition health food. At the same time, grasshoppers like to eat green grass, commonly known as "Baicao Dan", which has extremely high medicinal value. However, due to the extensive use of various pesticides, especially herbicides, wild grasshoppers are becoming increasingly scarce, making it difficult to meet the consumption needs of the market.

The existing grasshopper breeding technology is very cumbersome and difficult to manage, and is not easy for the public to grasp and operate; the simple and convenient breeding method of grasshoppers is urgently needed on the market.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple method for cultivating edible grasshoppers, which is simple in technology, convenient in management and easy to popularize.

The simple and convenient cultivation method of edible grasshopper of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Site selection and arrangement: the selected location should be ventilated and sunny; avoid areas where pesticides are used; the ground to be built should be 15-20cm higher than the surrounding ground; the soil should be sandy loam or ordinary soil mixed with sawdust; After the shed site is selected, the ground should be disinfested and disinfected first;

(2) Build a grasshopper breeding shed: first build a shed structure with a height of 1.2-2 meters; then, make a shed cover, cover it on the shed, cut an opening on the shed cover, and sew a zipper on the mouth; shed Compact the bottom edge of the cover with soil, and then pile up bricks along the bottom edge;

(3) Grasshopper larval stage management: the larvae are fed once a day, and the average daily feeding amount of each larva is 0.8-1g; after 10-12 days, they are fed 2-3 times a day, and the average daily feeding amount of each larva is 1.5 -2g; 12-15 days later, the grasshopper larvae enter the mature stage;

(4) Grasshopper mature management: mature grasshoppers begin to mate and lay eggs, feed 3-4 times a day, the average daily feeding amount of each larva is 5-7g; after feeding for 7-10 days, harvest adults;

(5) Sunstroke prevention and heat preservation of grasshoppers: when the outdoor temperature is greater than 35°C, cover the breeding shed with a sunshade net and spray water into the shed at the same time; when the outdoor temperature is lower than 25°C, cover the breeding shed with plastic cloth; During this period, keep the temperature in the shed at 25-30°C, and control the daily light time at 10-12h.

When selecting the site for the grasshopper breeding shed, make full use of the free space inside and outside the yard. The selected terrain should pay attention to ventilation, sufficient sunlight, and sandy loam that is not easy to harden. The reproduction and growth of grasshoppers. Because grasshoppers are most afraid of pesticides, the place where you plan to build a shed must avoid the surrounding orchards and vegetable gardens. After the shed site is selected, the ground should be exterminated and disinfected first to eliminate the natural enemies of grasshoppers in the ground, and then sprayed with quicklime water for disinfection and then dried in the sun for 1-2 days. The ground where the shed is to be built should be slightly higher than the surrounding ground by 15-20 cm, which is not only convenient to prevent rainwater from being submerged, but also to prevent rats from drilling holes.

The scaffold structure is made of bamboo boards or steel pipes. To build a grasshopper breeding shed, first use a number of bamboo boards or steel pipes to make a bow-shaped support, and build a rectangular shed structure. The structure should be firm and the height should be between 1.2-2 meters. Too low or too high is not conducive to daily management. Collect with finished product. After the frame of the shed is built, according to the size of the shed, make a shed cover with densely woven gauze, cover it on the shed, select one end of the shed, cut a hole on the shed cover, and sew it on the mouth The zipper is convenient for daily feeding and management in and out of the greenhouse. The gauze used to make the shed cover should be sun-proof, the material should be good, the mesh should not be too large, the stitching should be dense, and there should be no gaps, otherwise the seedlings will escape. The bottom of the gauze should be compacted with soil, and bricks should be stacked three layers high along the bottom of the gauze to ensure that the bottom of the shed is surrounded by bricks. The purpose is to prevent mice from drilling holes around the shed to eat grasshoppers and Worm eggs. In the northern region, it is best to complete the construction of the shed in late April. For the previously built shed, it is only necessary to carefully check the shed body before the larvae hatch. Replace it in time.

In step (3), the grasshopper larval stage is managed, and the breeding shed is cleaned once every 2-3 days. It usually takes about a month for grasshoppers to mature from hatching. During this period, they molt once every 5-7 days, and it takes 5 molts to mature. Grasshoppers like to eat leaves of monocotyledonous crops such as monocotyledonous grasses and corn, wheat, millet, sorghum. In addition, wheat bran can also be added appropriately to speed up the reproduction and growth of grasshoppers and improve the quality of finished grasshoppers. Due to their small size and low food intake, grasshopper larvae only need to be fed once a day with young grass leaves, or they can grind the bran and feed them in small amounts to increase nutrition and accelerate growth.

After 10-12 days, the food intake of grasshoppers will gradually increase. Make sure that there is sufficient food in the shed. In addition to adding grass and green leaves, you should increase the amount of bran fed. If there is insufficient food, it will not only affect the normal growth of grasshoppers, There will also be a phenomenon of grasshoppers killing each other, resulting in reduced production. During this period, the light time should be increased to keep the shed clean. Generally, the shed should be cleared once every 2-3 days, and the rotten leaves and feces should be cleaned in time to facilitate the growth of grasshoppers.

After the grasshopper enters the mature stage, the female grasshopper will fly on the back of the male grasshopper, and the male and female grasshoppers will begin to mate and lay eggs. After about 7-10 days, all the finished grasshoppers will be harvested or sold live. , or directly frozen, or boiled with light salt water to make a dry product. Then clean up the shed to welcome the next crop of feeding and management. If the finished grasshoppers are not harvested in time or thoroughly, first, the hatched grasshopper larvae are easily eaten by the finished grasshoppers, which will affect the growth of the next crop of grasshoppers; The quality and taste of grasshoppers are reduced, and the nutrition is reduced; the third is that grasshoppers die naturally after laying eggs excessively, and the output is reduced, which affects income.

During the breeding period, pay attention to strictly control the temperature in the breeding shed, cover the breeding shed with a sunshade net in summer, and spray water into the shed at the same time; Thatch to maintain temperature.

The eggs obtained by mating and laying eggs in step (4) are covered with 1 cm sawdust, the temperature is controlled at 25-28° C., the humidity is 55-65%, and the larvae are hatched.

The larvae in the step (3) are commercially available or hatched from eggs obtained by mating and laying eggs in the step (4). It is the first time to breed grasshoppers. If grasshopper eggs are introduced, the breeding technology is difficult and inconvenient to operate. You can directly buy grasshopper larvae and let them grow and reproduce naturally. After forming a cycle, you can directly use step (4) to mate and lay eggs. The larvae obtained by hatching the obtained eggs are cultured.

The food of the grasshopper larvae is one or more of the single-leaf grass, the young leaves of the monocotyledonous crops, or the finely ground wheat bran; the food of the grasshopper at the mature stage is one of the grass, green leaves or bran or several. In the north, after October, monocot and monocotyledonous crops begin to wither and turn yellow. In order to avoid cutting off the grasshopper feeding, you can sow some wheat or corn in the field around the autumnal equinox to ensure that the grasshoppers have sufficient food sources. .

The canopy is sewn from densely woven gauze made of sunscreen material.

The stocking density of grasshoppers in the grasshopper breeding shed is 500-800 per square meter.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The grasshopper breeding described in the present invention is a natural breeding method completely, the technology is simple, the management is convenient, and it is easy to popularize. It can be benefited all the year round by throwing seedlings once, and the finished product price of the grasshopper is stable, which is always maintained at about 20 yuan per catty. A good project for farmers to use their spare time to increase income.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Example

(1) Site selection and arrangement: choose a piece of flat land far away from farmland and orchard as a breeding ground, first disinfeste the ground, then spray it with quicklime water for disinfection, and then dry it for 1-2 days, and then spread it on the ground where the shed is going to be built. Sandy loam with a thickness of 20cm.

(2) Build a grasshopper breeding shed: first, steel pipes are made into bow-shaped supports to build a rectangular shed structure with a height of 2 meters, a length of 12m, and a width of 6m; Shed cover, cover on the scaffold, cut an opening at one end of the shed cover, and sew a zipper on the mouth, the opening size is 1.8×0.8m; the bottom of the shed cover is compacted with soil, and then three layers of bricks are stacked around the bottom edge .

(3) Grasshopper larval stage management: 50,000 East Asian migratory locust larvae purchased from the market were evenly stocked in the breeding shed, the temperature in the shed was controlled at 28°C, the larvae were fed once a day, and the young leaves of corn and sorghum were fed. The daily feeding amount of only larvae is 1g. After 10 days, the food intake of the larvae increased slightly. They began to feed twice a day, corn, young sorghum leaves and ground wheat bran. The average daily feeding amount of each larva was 1.5g. After 15 days of feeding, the grasshopper larvae matured Expect. In the larval stage, clean up the shed once every 2 days, clean up rotten leaves and feces, and keep the shed clean; 12 hours of light per day.

(4) Grasshopper maturity management: when the grasshopper enters the mature stage, the female grasshopper will fly on the back of the male grasshopper, and the male and female grasshoppers will begin to mate and lay eggs. For clover leaves, wheat and corn leaves, the average daily feeding amount per larva was 6 g; after 7 days of feeding, all adults were harvested.

A total of 96 kg of adults were harvested, and 100 adults were randomly picked in 3 times, weighing 196g, 203g and 201g respectively, and the average weight of each was 2g, which means that about 47,000 adults were harvested, and the adult rate reached 94%. .

Claims (8)

1. an easy cultural method for edible locust, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) addressing arranges: selected location will ventilate, sunny; Avoid the region using agricultural chemicals; The ground preparing to build canopy is higher than ground 15-20cm around; Soil property is selected sandy loam or mix sawdust in normal soil; Behind selected canopy location, first deinsectization and sterilization are carried out to ground;

(2) building locust raising shed: first build scaffolding structure, is highly 1.2-2 rice; Then, make a canopy cover, cover on frame, mouth cut off by canopy cover, and on mouth sewing zipper; Canopy cover base surrounding is real by soil pressure, then stacks fragment of brick along base surrounding;

(3) locust larval phase management: larva feeding every day 1 time, on average the feeding amount of every larva every day is 0.8-1g; After 10-12 days, every day feeding 2-3 time, on average the feeding amount of every larva every day is 1.5-2g; After 12-15 days, locust larva comes to the ripening period;

(4) locust maturing stage management: the maturing stage locust start mating and lay eggs, every day feeding 3-4 time, on average the feeding amount of every larva every day is 5-7g; Feed after 7-10 days, adult of gathering;

(5) heatstroke prevention of locust and warming: when outdoor temperature is greater than 35 DEG C, with sunshade net, raising shed is blocked, simultaneously to spray water in canopy; When outdoor temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, cover on raising shed with Polypropylence Sheet; During cultivation, maintenance temperature of shed is 25-30 DEG C, and every day, light application time controlled at 10-12h.

2. the easy cultural method of edible locust according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mating worm's ovum 1cm sawdust obtained of laying eggs covers in step (4), and control temperature 25-28 DEG C, humidity is 55-65%, hatches larva.

3. the easy cultural method of edible locust according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: larva is commercial or step (4) mating lays eggs the worm's ovum that obtains through hatching the larva obtained in step (3).

4. the easy cultural method of edible locust according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the food of locust larval phase is one or more in single leaf grass, the tender leaf of monocot crops or the wheat wheat bran of porphyrize; The food in locust maturing stage is one or more in green grass, leafiness or wheat bran.

5. the easy cultural method of edible locust according to claim 1, is characterized in that: canopy cover adopts the close gauze of knitting of sun-proof material to make.

6. the easy cultural method of edible locust according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in locust raising shed, the breeding density of locust is every square metre of 500-800.

7. the easy cultural method of edible locust according to claim 1, is characterized in that: scaffolding structure adopts bamboo clappers or steel pipe manufacturing.

8. the easy cultural method of edible locust according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), and locust larval phase manages, 2-3 days cleaning raising sheds 1 time.