CN106069454A - The method that a kind of breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice - Google Patents
The method that a kind of breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069454A CN106069454A CN201610572886.6A CN201610572886A CN106069454A CN 106069454 A CN106069454 A CN 106069454A CN 201610572886 A CN201610572886 A CN 201610572886A CN 106069454 A CN106069454 A CN 106069454A
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title claims description 95
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 235000005637 Brassica campestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001301148 Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the method that a kind of breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice, it comprises the following steps: S1, select the production region of suitable organic paddy rice, organic cultivation；S2, plant organic paddy rice by national sector standard " manufacture of organic rice Quality Control Technology specification " (NY/T 2,410 2013)；S3, by national standard " organic products " (GB/T 19630.1 2011) fermentation bed organic cultivation；S4, fermenting bed padding update and utilize.The breeding and planting circulation of the present invention combines the method producing organic paddy rice, follow the course of nature and ecological principle, take to coordinate plant husbandry and the balance of aquaculture, refuse reclamation, realize the inner loop of energy matter, set up the organic agriculture production system continual and steady with maintenance；Feedstuff is from organic agriculture production system, and organic cultivation meets organic products national standard, and product quality is secure；Organic fertilizer comes from organic agriculture production system, heavy metal free, antibiotic, pesticide residual contamination；Feces of livestock and poultry fermented bed microbial decomposition and becoming thoroughly decomposed, it is to avoid to rice field and the pollution of ecological environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to a kind of breeding and planting circulation and combine the side of plantation organic paddy rice
Method.
Background technology
Rice is the staple food of the most of common people of China, the long-term cultivated area of Oryza sativa L. about 4.5 hundred million mu, rice yield about 2.01 hundred million
Ton.But from field to dining table, the quality safety of rice makes people worried, pernicious by the food safety of heavy metal pollution, pesticide residues
Event happens occasionally and seemingly becomes worse.Along with people are to food safety and the common concern of ecological environment problem, right
Set up and propose challenge at a large amount of conventional agricultures using chemical fertilizer and pesticide.And the raising of living standards of the people, disappear
The person's of expense extensive attention to health problem, also promotes Oryza sativa L. to develop to the direction of organic production mode, and country has formulated row for this
Industry standard " manufacture of organic rice Quality Control Technology specification " (NY/T 2410-2013), national standard " organic product
Product " (GB/T19630.1～19630.4 2011).
20 th Century, developed country with sacrifice Agro-ecology as cost, " the oil agriculture that high investment high production is characterized
Industry " prevailing, cause global vegetation to reduce rapidly, soil erosion aggravation, soil fertility decline, desertify and salinization of soil is serious,
The problems such as ecological heavy damage.To this end, the countries and regions such as Europe and the U.S. propose one, " completing need not or substantially need not be artificial
Synthesis fertilizer, pesticide, growth regulator and additive for farm animal feed " production system, i.e. organic agriculture.China is also previous generation
Discipline the nineties starts Development of Organic Agriculture, because the market demand is vigorous, development is very fast, as a example by Oryza sativa L., the end of the year 2015, organic
Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area oneself reach 2,500,000 mu.To organic agriculture in China's " organic products " national standard (GB/T 19,630 2011)
Definition be: organic agriculture refers to, in accordance with specific agricultural production principle, the most not use the biology that genetic engineering obtains
And product, do not use the materials such as the pesticide of chemosynthesis, chemical fertilizer, growth regulator, feed additive, it then follows the natural law and
Ecological principle, coordinates plant husbandry and the balance of aquaculture, uses a series of continuable agricultural technology to remain continual and steady
A kind of mode of agriculture of system agricultural industry.Organic paddy rice must be in strict accordance with GB/T19630.2011 organic products state
Family's standard and National agricultural industry standard NY/T2410 2013 " manufacture of organic rice Quality Control Technology specification " produce, and produce
During all inputs all should derive from nature, do not allow use the prohibited items such as chemical fertilizer, chemical pesticide.Its core
The heart is bio-diversity and the benign cycle setting up and maintaining Agro-ecological System, promotes the sustainable development of agricultural.And it is organic
Oryza sativa L. refers to that producing, processing and selling process meets China's organic products national standard, it is thus achieved that organic products certification certificate, and executes
Add China organic products authentication marks rice product.Organic paddy rice is characterized in that:
1. follow the course of nature and ecological principle；
2. the tillage method taked and naturally blend；
3. the mutual balance of plant husbandry and aquaculture is coordinated；
4. biology and product thereof that genetic engineering obtains are forbidden；
5. the materials such as the chemical pesticide of synthetic, fertilizer, growth regulator are prohibitted the use of.
Prior art Patent numbered 201310487652 discloses the cultural method of a kind of organic paddy rice, including kind
Selection, seed treatment, presoaking and germinating, begin sowing in good time, cultivate strong seedling, Honda management, artificial weeding, spray foliage fertilizer, disease prevent
Control, the step such as results in good time.Application Number (patent) is the implantation methods that CN201310712934.3 describes a kind of organic paddy rice,
Oryza sativa L. carries out including soil treatment, disease control, pest control and prevention and control of weeds etc. integrated management, and its beneficial effect uses EM
Biological bacteria compost improves soil bacteria, fungus, Population of Actinomycetes and microbial activity and the content of organic matter.Patent publication No. is
CN1926951 discloses the new method utilizing duck group to plant organic paddy rice, is characterized by rice terrace input duck, utilizes duck to look for
Food and activity thereof prevent and treat rice disease and pest crop smothering, improve rice field fertility level, it is achieved growing rice with ducks double increase.Patent number is
201310464290 describe Novel organic rice implantation methods, and 1. its feature during cultivating rice shoot, employs vegetation
Ash, effect is to have prevented and treated the morbidity of rice shoot and played the effect topdressed.Pour water and flood rice shoot, and utilize the effect of giant
Being conditioning rice shoot, drowned insect, imitating rains in torrents overturns the insect swimming on the water surface in water drowned.The most disposably use sufficient
Fertilizer.Patent No. ZL2012 1 0370297.1 discloses organic rice cultivation method, and it is characterized by by using biology
Fertilizer replaces chemical fertilizer, is allowed to meet organic products country mark.
From disclosed prior art, the fertilizer that plantation organic paddy rice is used, substantially derive from two aspects, one is people
Just or Brassica campestris L cake and the fertilizer of retting, two is biological organic fertilizer to animal manure, also has by duck-raising enclosed paddy fields (frog, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, shrimp), straw also
The mode such as field, green manure increases fertility.Said method relies on ecosystem owing to not embodying the balance coordinating plant husbandry and animal husbandry
The core connotation of reason under the overall leadership, and main input is derived from organic agriculture and produces beyond region, there is uncontrollable wind
Danger, i.e. from fertilizer or the raw material of its making fertilizer of external source, may cause heavy metal, antibiotic, pesticide residues dirty
Dye.
For the deficiency overcoming prior art to exist, the invention provides a kind of breeding and planting circulation and combine plantation organic water
The method of rice.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the method that a kind of breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice, existing to solve
Technology because of from the fertilizer of external source or its make the raw material of fertilizer, heavy metal, antibiotic, pesticide residues may be caused dirty
The problem of dye.
It is an object of the invention to be realized by such technical scheme, one breeding and planting of the present invention circulation combines plantation
The method of organic paddy rice, it comprises the following steps:
S1, select the production region of suitable organic paddy rice, organic cultivation；Away from factory, industrial and mining area, without industrial pollution, raw
State environment is good；Soil, irrigation water, poultry drinking water, air meet country's relevant regulations；With general planting, conventional cultivation district
Mountain, woods, ditch, river nature spacer or setting is had to be manually isolated band；
S2, organic paddy rice are planted
(1) rice paddy seed processes
Including Fruit variety, seed treatment (bask seeds, sort seed by salt water, seed disinfection), seeding technique link；
(2) seedling management
Control including rice shoot temperature and humidity, disease pest prevention and control manage；
(3) whole field is transplanted
In sowing to being applied fertilizer in land for growing field crops during shoot transplanting equipment, turns over, management of raking；Every per mu even spread fertilizer over the fields oneself use 2
The fermenting bed padding of 3 years 1000 1500 kilograms, then turns over, rakes；
Rice shoot grow to 45 leaves wholeheartedly time transplant；Seeding row spacing is 20 × 25 30, and 2 strains are inserted in every cave, farmland fertility difference
Can rational close planted；
(4) field management
Including water, fertile management, artificial weeding, pest and disease damage prevention and control；
(5) gather in the crops in good time
Grain flavescence stem, leaf, fringe turn yellow and gather in time；Harvesting mode is manually or mechanically；
(6) by-product utilized
Through drying or drying after organic paddy rice results, make Oryza glutinosa water content less than 14%；Rice husk after organic paddy processing is used
Making fermenting bed padding, Testa oryzae is used as the animal and fowl fodder of organic cultivation, and the old bedding and padding of organic cultivation fermentation bed return rice as fertilizer
Field, provides nutrition for organic paddy rice growth, thus forms the matter utilization circulation of organic Rice Cropping and organic livestock and poultry cultivation；
S3, fermentation bed organic cultivation
(1) fermentation bed is built
Underground type fermentation bed is built: digs 40 80 centimetres following earthward for plan to build colony house area 65%, then spreads fermentation
Thick 40 80 centimetres of bed padding；Fermenting bed padding is made up of weight ratio 40% 60% sawmilling, 40% 60% rice husks, another add few
Measure Testa oryzae, Testa Tritici or the Semen Maydis flour providing nutrition to grow for EM bacterium, uniformly mix with fermenting bed padding after diluting with strain, keep
Fermenting bed padding water content 35% 40%；Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, corn cob, straw can be used to replace without sawdust or rice husk；
(2) feeding and management
Fermentation bed can be used for cultivating pig, chicken, duck poultry, every square metre of cultivation density 0.5 5；The raising pipe of livestock and poultry cultivation
Reason, does not has special place with tradition aquaculture model；But because being organic cultivation, air, drinking water, feedstuff should meet GB/
T19630.2011 organic products national standard；The feed resource of more than 90% is in organic agriculture production system or obtains Organic certification；
Chemistry veterinary drug and antibiotic can not be used, can only prevent and cure diseases with Chinese herbal medicine；
(3) fermentation bed management
Control fermenting bed padding humidity between 35% 45%, when feces of livestock and poultry is piled up the most, turn over embedment with fork
In bedding and padding, it is simple to fully decompose；
S4, fermenting bed padding update and utilize
Fermenting bed padding needs after using 23 years to update, and new bedding and padding make with above-mentioned；
The old bedding and padding displaced are because of the effect of microorganism, rich in the organic chemical combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements
Thing, alternative chemical fertilizer, after applying rice field as base fertilizer, be formulated as seedling raising ground substance, take its soak as organic paddy rice root
Topdress outward；Form the material circulation of twice laid, organic plantation and organic cultivation.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, present invention have the advantage that:
The breeding and planting circulation of the present invention combines the method producing organic paddy rice, it then follows the natural law and ecological principle,
Take to coordinate plant husbandry and the balance of aquaculture, refuse reclamation, it is achieved the inner loop of energy matter, set up and continue to maintain
Stable organic agriculture production system；Feedstuff (corn and soybean, Testa oryzae etc.) accords with from organic agriculture production system, organic cultivation
Closing GB/T19630.2011.2 organic products national standard, product quality is secure；Organic fertilizer comes from organic agriculture and produces
System, heavy metal free, antibiotic, pesticide residual contamination, the organic rice produced meets GB/T19630.2011 organic products
National standard；Because being to use fermentation bed cultivation, feces of livestock and poultry passes through microbial decomposition, it is achieved that zero release of pollutant；Animal dung
The most fermented bed microbial decomposition and becoming thoroughly decomposed, it is to avoid to rice field and the pollution of ecological environment.
Other advantages, target and the feature of the present invention will be illustrated to a certain extent in the following description, and
And to a certain extent, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on to investigating hereafter, or can
To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.The target of the present invention and other advantages can be wanted by description below and right
Ask book to realize and obtain.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The method that a kind of breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice, comprises the following steps:
1, regional choice is produced
Organic plantation and cultivation are intended to select away from factory, industrial and mining area, and without industrial pollution, ecological environment is good；Soil,
Irrigation water, air, poultry drinking water meet GB/T19630.2011 organic products national standard；With general planting district and culture zone
The natural spacer such as mountain, woods, ditch, river or setting is had to be manually isolated band.
2, rice paddy seed processes
(1) Fruit variety
Select the high-grade rice kind by authorizing and adapt to local climate condition and city's demand.
(2) bask seeds
Select high temperature fine day from the morning 9 up to afternoon 4 time, shine 2～3 days.Bask seeds be intended to make thinner, duty is turned over, shine, make seed be subject to
Light.
(3) sort seed by salt water
First with pot, salt boiled chemical conversion strong brine, and clear water is made into the saline of 1:1.2, is put in saline by seed and fully stirs
Mix, pull the unfilled gtains swimming on the water surface, grass seed and other field trashes out, then take out the seed of sinking.By clean water two
All over.
(4) seed disinfection
With 0.5% lime water seed soaking 24 hours, pull out and wait for twice to sow by clean water.
3, seedling
(1) sowing
Use dry rice seedling, it is possible to watery ricenursery, with good conditionsi can be with greenhouse rice nursery.Select and meet the soil field doing organic plantation
Block or make rice seedling bed through the ventilating on the sunny side of 3 years organic transition periods, fertile soil, the rice field that the soil is porous, fine farming, smooth
Seedling railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 1.5m.Nutritive soil preparation: with rich soil 40 50 parts, 50 60 parts of mix homogeneously of fermenting bed padding, regulation acid
Basicity is in the range of the acid-base value of rice shoot normal growth.
(2) sowing time
Determine sowing optimum period according to local climate and kind period of duration, sow before and after being preferably arranged in grain rains.The suitableeest sowing day
Phase is according to depending on height above sea level residing for Climatic Characteristics, Honda.
(3) sowing consumption
Every mu of land for growing field crops sowing quantity is by 1 1.25 kilograms, and rice seedling bed and land for growing field crops ratio is for 1:8 10.After planting build Small plastic shed insulation
Moisturizing.
(4) management of nursery bed temperature
After planting to temperature between 1 leaf based on insulation, temperature of shed is 28 DEG C 30 DEG C, and 2 leaves keep 25 DEG C, and 3 leaves keep
20 DEG C 22 DEG C, minimum temperature is not less than 10 DEG C.Night temperatures is low, should open electric light or at canopy enclosing cover grass or pour water at canopy external-open ditch
Increase temperature, to ensure the temperature required of rice shoot, makes rice shoot normal growth grow.
(5) seedbed ventilating management
Open Small plastic shed plastic foil after rice seedling greening, preferably take off film in the morning or evening, make canopy internal-external temperature difference little,
It is fast that rice shoot adapts to new environment, ventilation removing and harmful gas, evaporates bed surface excessive moisture.
(6) seedbed water management
Water and try not to water before 2 leaves under the principle of vola water, whether have whether dew, Seedling soil turn white according to blade tip, in
Whether whether noon blade water from the point of view of crimping.
4, whole field is transplanted
In sowing to management such as being applied fertilizer in land for growing field crops during shoot transplanting equipment, turn over, rake.Organic paddy rice field is with conventional
The irrigation and drainage system of field should have effective quarantine measures, to ensure that the water in conventional farmland will not permeate or diffuse in organic field.Often
Per mu even spread fertilizer over the fields oneself and use the fermenting bed padding 1,000 1500 kilograms of 23 years, then turn over, rake.
Rice shoot grow to 45 leaves wholeheartedly time transplant.Seeding row spacing is 20 × 25 30, and 2 strains are inserted in every cave, farmland fertility difference
Can rational close planted.
5, field management
(1) look into Seedling to fill the gaps with seedlings
Often there is scarce cave phenomenon after rice transplanting, must check in time and fill the gaps with seedlings, to ensure due density and basic seedling amount.
(2) see that Seedling is poured water
Land for growing field crops can be poured water deeply after broadcasting seedling, after 23 days, falls shallow to about 3.
(3) early tillering fertilizer is executed
After transplanting 57 days rice striking roots, waterlayer control at 34 shallow waters, apply the Brassica campestris L cake fertilizer (oil through becoming thoroughly decomposed simultaneously
Residue after Semen Allii Tuberosi oil expression) mu 30 40 kilograms.
(4) impose the neat ear manuer of jointing in good time
Neat ear manuer is imposed at Rise's boot period.Mu consumption is: 60 100 kilograms of fermenting bed paddings add about 3 times of water soakings 2
3 days, taking out leachate, dilute 5 10 times of foliar sprays, 35 days once, continuous 23 times.Take the fermenting bed padding slag after liquid same
Time spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field.
(5) shallow water duty water, suitable dry field
During tiller, shallow water duty is watered, and keeps the shallow water of about 3, promotes tiller.After productive tiller stage terminates,
Fill deep water suppression tiller to occur.During over growth, can give and close draining dry field, control growth, reduce ineffective tillering.
(6) management of weeds
Artificial weeding.
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
By bacillus subtilis mattress biological preparation prevention and control disease；With solar insect-killing light prevention and control insect pest, safety check dress density is
30 40 mu 1.
(8) gather in the crops in good time
Rice harves typically in late dough to the complete ripeness initial stage.Grain flavescence stem, leaf, fringe turn yellow and gather in time.Harvesting square
Formula is manually or mechanically.
Embodiment 2
The method that a kind of breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice, comprises the following steps:
1, regional choice is produced
Organic cultivation to select away from factory, industrial and mining area, and without industrial pollution, ecological environment is good；Soil, air, poultry
Fowl drinking water meets country's relevant regulations；Select in manufacture of organic rice region, have mountain, woods, ditch, river etc. with conventional cultivation district
Natural spacer or setting are manually isolated band.
2, fermentation bed cultivation live pig
Depending on the scale of fermentation bed cultivation live pig is according to organic paddy rice cultivated area, organic paddy rice fertilizer requirement.Have with per mu yield
Machine Paddy rice 350 kilograms is target output, and average mu needs cultivating live pig 1.5, makes fermentation bed 2 square metres.
(1) fermentation bed makes
As a example by making 100 squares of fermenting bed paddings (thickness 80 centimetres), material requested and operating procedure are as follows:
1. material requested
32 40 tons of sawdust, 32 40 tons of rice husk, Testa Tritici or Semen Maydis flour 200 250 kilograms, 10 15 kilograms of brown sugar, agriculture richness
Health board fermentation bed EM strain 10 15 kilograms (the EM strain of other brands also can), Sal 23 kilograms, loess 100 150 kilograms；
Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, corn cob, straw etc. can be used to replace without sawdust or rice husk.
2. manufacture method
The first step, is configured to bacterium solution: melted with enough water boils by 10 15 kilograms of brown sugar by EM strain；
Second step, adds cold water, after gathering together enough 100 150 kilograms, by 10 15 kilograms of EM bacterium in the brown sugar water boil thawing
Plant and add, stir, sealing and fermenting 5 10 days；
100 150 kilograms of bacterium solution after fermentation are mixed and stirred for uniformly with 200 250 kilograms of Testa Tritici, mixing by the 3rd step
After Testa Tritici sealing and fermenting 23 days；
4th step, after uniformly being mixed with sawdust, rice husk, Sal by the Testa Tritici mixed, piles up fermentation 2 days, it is possible to straight
Connect and be taped against pig house, the thickness of paving about 80 centimetres；After completing, 100 150 kilograms of loess are uniformly sprinkled upon surface；
5th step, fermentation bed completes, and can go up swine rearing.
(2) pig-breeding
1. kind
Select local black pig improved seeds.
2. breeding way
Fermentation bed stable breeding combines the outer forest land of colony house and puts in a suitable place to breed.
3. fermentation bed management
It turns over and buries pig manure in fermenting bed padding, to promote that it is decomposed by microorganism；Regulation fermenting bed padding humidity, makes
Its water content is maintained at 35% 45%.
4. feedstuff
More than 90% derives from cracking rice and rice after the corn and soybean of production, organic paddy processing in organic production system
Bran, Semen Maydis: crack rice and Testa oryzae: Semen sojae atricolor is 50% 60%:20% 30%:10% 20%.When putting in a suitable place to breed, pig is freely adopted at woodland
Food wild vegetable grass etc..More than 8 months culture-cycle.
5. drinking water
Meet GB/T19630.2011.2 organic products national standard.
6. control and prevention of disease
The swine fever of national regulation, foot and mouth disease, highly pathogenic PRRS are carried out compulsory immunization；With Chinese herbal medicine prevention and control
Disease processed.
7. dead live pig processes
The live pig of Died Of Disease is carried out buried harmless treatment.Select away from organic production, the by-place of farm house, dig
The hole of deep more than 2 meters, the end, hole, spreads fertilizer over the fields the Calx of thick 20 centimetres, puts into dead pig, it spreads fertilizer over the fields the Calx of thick 20 centimetres again, then buries
Soil is put down to ground, and makes a mark.
8. fermenting bed padding is changed
Fermenting bed padding needs more to renew bedding and padding after using 23 years, manufacture method is with aforementioned.Old bedding and padding are organic as high-quality
Fertile for used by plantation organic paddy rice.
Embodiment 3
The method that a kind of breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice, comprises the following steps:
1, regional choice is produced
Organic cultivation to select away from factory, industrial and mining area, and without industrial pollution, ecological environment is good；Soil, air, drink
Country's relevant regulations is met with water；Select in manufacture of organic rice region, have mountain, woods, ditch, river etc. natural with conventional cultivation district
Spacer or setting are manually isolated band.
2, fermentation bed cultivation chicken
Depending on the scale of fermentation bed cultivation chicken is according to organic paddy rice area, organic paddy rice fertilizer requirement.With per mu yield organic paddy rice
Oryza glutinosa 350 kilograms is target output, and average mu needs to cultivate chicken 25 30, makes fermentation bed 68 square metres.
(1) fermentation bed makes
The fermentation bed of poultry is essentially identical with the fermentation bed manufacture method raised pigs, because more difficult relative to pig manure point of chicken manure
Solve, so, bacteria using amount to double than cultivating live pig of unit volume fermenting bed padding.
As a example by making 100 squares of fermentation beds (thickness 40 centimetres), material requested and operating procedure are as follows:
1. material requested
16 20 tons of sawdust, 16 20 tons of rice husk, Testa Tritici or Semen Maydis flour 200 250 kilograms, 10 15 kilograms of brown sugar, agriculture richness
Health board fermentation bed EM strain 10 15 kilograms, Sal 23 kilograms, loess 100 150 kilograms；Can without sawdust or rice husk
To use Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, corn cob, straw etc. to replace.
2. manufacture method
The first step, is configured to bacterium solution: melted with enough water boils by 10 15 kilograms of brown sugar by strain；
Second step, adds cold water, after gathering together enough 100 150 kilograms, by 10 15 kilograms of agriculture richnesses in the brown sugar water boil thawing
Health fermentation bed strain adds, and stirs, sealing and fermenting 5 10 days；
100 150 kilograms of bacterium solution after fermentation are mixed and stirred for by the 3rd step with 200 250 kilograms of Testa Tritici or Semen Maydis flour
Uniformly, if the most urgently needed can be by more preferable for 23 days effects of mixed Testa Tritici sealing and fermenting；
4th step, after the Testa Tritici mixed or Semen Maydis flour and sawdust, rice husk, Sal, uniformly mixing, piles up fermentation
2 days, it is possible to be directly taped against colony house house；After completing, 100 150 kilograms of loess are uniformly sprinkled upon surface；
5th step, fermentation bed completes, and every two days later, can come into operation.
6th step, daily management and maintenance refer to the management method of above-mentioned " fermentation bed to raise pig ", and principle is identical.
(2) fermentation bed cultivation chicken management
1. kind
Selectively necromancer chicken improved seeds.
2. breeding way
Fermentation bed stable breeding combines the outer forest land of colony house and puts in a suitable place to breed.
3. fermentation bed management
It turns over and buries chicken manure in fermenting bed padding, to promote that it is decomposed by microorganism；Regulation fermenting bed padding humidity, makes
Its water content is maintained at 35% 45%.
4. feedstuff
More than 90% derives from cracking rice and rice after the corn and soybean of production, organic paddy processing in organic production system
Bran, Semen Maydis: crack rice and Testa oryzae: Semen sojae atricolor is 45% 55%:25% 35%:15% 25%.When putting in a suitable place to breed, chicken is freely adopted at woodland
Food wild vegetable grass-and-insect painting etc..
5. drinking water
Meet GB/T19630.2011.2 organic products national standard.
6. control and prevention of disease
Bird flu, the newcastle of national regulation is carried out compulsory immunization；By Chinese herbal medicine prevention and control disease.
7. dead chicken processes
The chicken of Died Of Disease is carried out buried harmless treatment.Select away from organic production, the by-place of farm house, dig deep
The hole of more than 2 meters, the end, hole, spreads fertilizer over the fields the Calx of thick 20 centimetres, puts into dead chicken, it spreads fertilizer over the fields the Calx of thick 20 centimetres again, then buries soil
Put down to ground, and make a mark.
8. fermenting bed padding is changed
Fermenting bed padding needs more to renew bedding and padding after using 23 years, manufacture method is with aforementioned.Old bedding and padding are organic as high-quality
Fertile for used by plantation organic paddy rice.
Finally illustrating, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to relatively
The present invention has been described in detail by good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from objective and the scope of the technical program, it all should be contained in the present invention
Right in the middle of.
Claims (1)
1. the method that a breeding and planting circulation combines plantation organic paddy rice, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, select the production region of suitable organic paddy rice, organic cultivation；Away from factory, industrial and mining area, without industrial pollution, ecological ring
Border is good；Soil, irrigation water, poultry drinking water, air meet country's relevant regulations；With general planting, conventional cultivation district have mountain,
Woods, ditch, river nature spacer or setting are manually isolated band；
S2, organic paddy rice are planted
(1) rice paddy seed processes
Including Fruit variety, seed treatment (bask seeds, sort seed by salt water, seed disinfection), seeding technique link；
(2) seedling management
Control including rice shoot temperature and humidity, disease pest prevention and control manage；
(3) whole field is transplanted
In sowing to being applied fertilizer in land for growing field crops during shoot transplanting equipment, turns over, management of raking；Every per mu even spread fertilizer over the fields oneself use 23 years
Fermenting bed padding 1,000 1500 kilograms, then turn over, rake；
Rice shoot grow to 45 leaves wholeheartedly time transplant；Seeding row spacing is 20 × 25 30, and 2 strains, fitting of farmland fertility difference are inserted in every cave
Work as dense planting；
(4) field management
Including water, fertile management, artificial weeding, pest and disease damage prevention and control, according to GB/T 19630.1～19630.4 2011 organic products
National standard is managed；
(5) gather in the crops in good time
Grain flavescence stem, leaf, fringe turn yellow and gather in time；Harvesting mode is manually or mechanically；
(6) by-product utilized
Through drying or drying after organic paddy rice results, make Oryza glutinosa water content less than 14%；Rice husk after organic paddy processing is used as to send out
Ferment bed padding, Testa oryzae is used as the animal and fowl fodder of organic cultivation, and the old bedding and padding of organic cultivation fermentation bed return rice field as fertilizer, for
Organic paddy rice growth provides nutrition, thus forms the matter utilization circulation of organic Rice Cropping and organic livestock and poultry cultivation；
S3, fermentation bed organic cultivation
(1) fermentation bed is built
Underground type fermentation bed is built: dig 40 80 centimetres following earthward for plan to build colony house area 65%, then paving fermentation mattress
Thick 40 80 centimetres of material；Fermenting bed padding is by weight ratio 40% 60% sawmilling: 40% 60% rice husks form, and another interpolation is on a small quantity
EM bacterium provides Testa oryzae, Testa Tritici or the Semen Maydis flour that nutrition is grown, and uniformly mixes with fermenting bed padding after diluting with strain, keeps fermentation
Bed padding water content 35% 40%；Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, corn cob, straw can be used to replace without sawdust or rice husk；
(2) feeding and management
Fermentation bed can be used for cultivating pig, chicken, duck poultry, every square metre of cultivation density 0.5 5 (only)；The raising pipe of livestock and poultry cultivation
Reason, does not has special place with tradition aquaculture model；But because being organic cultivation, air, drinking water, feedstuff should meet GB/
T19630.2011 organic products national standard；The feed resource of more than 90% is in organic agriculture production system or obtains Organic certification；
Chemistry veterinary drug and antibiotic can not be used, can only prevent and cure diseases with Chinese herbal medicine, its feeding and management should meet GB/T 19630.1～
19630.4 2011 organic products national standard requirements；
(3) fermentation bed management
Control fermenting bed padding humidity between 35% 45%, when feces of livestock and poultry is piled up the most, turn over embedment bedding and padding with fork
In, it is simple to fully decompose；
S4, fermenting bed padding update and utilize
Fermenting bed padding needs after using 23 years to update, and new bedding and padding make with above-mentioned；
The old bedding and padding displaced are because of the effect of microorganism, rich in the organic compound of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements,
Alternative chemical fertilizer, after applying rice field as base fertilizer, be formulated as seedling raising ground substance, take its soak and chase after as outside organic paddy rice root
Fertile；Form the material circulation of twice laid, organic plantation and organic cultivation.
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Application publication date: 20161109 |