CN106616070B - Artificial feed for Chinese chestnut weevil, breeding method and application of aged larva or pupa - Google Patents
Artificial feed for Chinese chestnut weevil, breeding method and application of aged larva or pupa Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
An artificial feed for Chinese chestnut weevil, a breeding method and application of aged larvae or pupae, which belong to the technical field of insects. The feed contains peanut, wheat, soybean, corn, sugar, vitamins and carotene. Placing sexually mature castanea mollissima in a feeding box, simultaneously placing fresh tender leaves of castanea mollissima and feed, culturing for 3-5 days under a certain condition, placing the young castanea mollissima with flowers or young fruits of other quercus, culturing for 6-8 hours under a certain condition, and allowing the castanea mollissima to naturally lay eggs; continuously culturing the young fruits with the laid eggs for 5-6 days, peeling off the peel, transferring the larvae into a feeding box with feed, and culturing for 35-40 days under a certain condition to obtain mature larvae; can also further induce the pupation of the aged larva. The obtained mature larva or pupa can be used as breeding hosts of scleroderma guani and other parasitic wasps or breeding materials for standby. The Chinese chestnut weevil is artificially bred for the first time, the method is simple, the feed components are easy to obtain, and the expanded breeding is easy to carry out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insects, and particularly relates to artificially cultured Chinese chestnut weevils.
Background
Chinese chestnut weevil (Curculio davidi Fairmaire) belongs to Coleoptera, weevil family, also called chestnut weevil and chestnut weevil, and is distributed in each Chinese chestnut production area, larvae are used as damaged chestnuts, and the damage rate of the chestnuts can reach more than 80%. The applicant found but did not disclose: the Scleroderma guani Xiao et Wu can parasitize the castanea mollissima efficiently in an artificial breeding environment, so that the castanea mollissima prevention and treatment by utilizing the Scleroderma guani Xiao et Wu through manual intervention becomes a biological prevention and treatment means with great potential. The Chinese chestnut weevil prevention and control by using the scleroderma guani requires artificial breeding and rejuvenation of the scleroderma guani, and in the process, the patent applicant finds but does not disclose: the Chinese chestnut weevil larva and the pupa have positive promotion effect on breeding and rejuvenation of scleroderma guani. In addition, the larva of the Chinese chestnut weevil is rich in protein and can be eaten.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an artificial feed for Chinese chestnut weevils, a breeding method and application of aged larvae or pupae.
The artificial feed for artificially breeding the Chinese chestnut weevil comprises the following components:
by weight, 80-100 parts of peanut powder, 550-600 parts of wheat flour, 75-100 parts of steamed soybean flour, 50-80 parts of corn flour, 30-50 parts of glucose or sucrose, 0.14-0.16 part of vitamin A, 0.09-0.11 part of vitamin C, 1.9-2.1 parts of carotenoid, 10.009-0.011 part of vitamin B, 20.009-0.011 part of vitamin B, 30.04-0.06 part of vitamin B and 400 parts of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare 110-130-mesh fine particles. The feed can be stored for 20-30 days at 0-4 ℃ and then restored to normal temperature when being used.
The culture method comprises the following steps:
placing sexually mature Chinese chestnut weevils in a feeding box with a cover air hole according to the proportion of 2:3 of the number of males and females, simultaneously placing fresh Chinese chestnut young leaves and the artificial feed in the box, wherein the placing amount of the young leaves is 9-11 g per adult per day, the placing amount of the feed is 0.4-0.6 g per adult per day, replacing the young leaves and the feed once per day, culturing for 3-5 days under the conditions of 40-70% of relative humidity, 100-500 lux of illumination intensity, 12-16 hours per day of illumination time and 20-35 ℃, then placing the young fruits of Chinese chestnut with flowers or young fruits of other quercus, adjusting the illumination intensity to be 2-8 lux, 22-26 ℃ of illumination time, and culturing for 6-8 hours, wherein the Chinese chestnut weevils can naturally lay eggs; continuously culturing young fruits with laid eggs for 5-6 days under the condition that the culturing conditions are not changed, peeling off peels, transferring the larvae into a feeding box in which the artificial feed is placed, wherein the feeding amount of the feed is 0.15-0.25 g per larva every time, the feed is replaced once every two days, the environment is that the illumination intensity is 5-10 lux, the temperature is 22-35 ℃, the relative humidity is 40-60%, and the larvae can become aged larvae after being cultured for 35-40 days; and if the illumination intensity is increased to 100-200 lux, the illumination time is 8-12 hours/day, the relative humidity is reduced to 29-31%, the temperature is unchanged, and the mature larva can be further induced to pupate after 6-10 days. The specific amount of the artificial feed is determined according to the development condition of larvae, and the pupation can be promoted by adding and feeding 20% by weight of fresh chestnut powder 10-15 days before the pupation.
The application of the invention is as follows:
the Chinese chestnut weevil aged larvae or pupae obtained by the method are refrigerated at the temperature of 2-4 ℃ for 200-300 days and used as breeding hosts of scleroderma guani and other parasitic wasps.
The Chinese chestnut weevil pupae obtained by the method is wrapped by absorbent cotton or embedded by humus soil and then refrigerated for 150-220 days at 10-15 ℃ for later use as a breeding material, and can be eclosized into adults after 10-20 days at 18-25 ℃ before use.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the Chinese chestnut weevil is artificially bred for the first time, the method is simple, the feed components are easy to obtain, and the expanded breeding is easy to carry out.
Detailed Description
Example 1: placing the mature Chinese chestnut weevil imagoes into a transparent feeding box with a cover provided with air holes according to the ratio of male and female parts of 2:3, placing the imagoes in the box according to the amount of 11g of Chinese chestnut fresh leaves and 0.4g of artificial feed each time, and replacing the fresh leaves and the feed once a day. The culture environment is as follows: culturing at 35 deg.C for 3 days with humidity of 40%, illumination intensity of 100lux and illumination time of 12 hr/day, placing the young fruit branches of semen Castaneae with flowers for spawning, adjusting illumination intensity of 2lux, controlling temperature at 22 deg.C, culturing for 6 hr, checking spawning condition, taking out the branches, culturing in transparent breeding box for 5 days under the condition of unchanged environmental conditions, and ensuring the freshness and activity of the branches. After 5 days the peels were carefully peeled off and the larvae were transferred to an artificial rearing box under the following conditions: humidity of 40%, illumination intensity of 10lux all day, temperature 22 deg.C for 35 days, transferring larva to environment: culturing at 22 deg.C for 6 days under the conditions of humidity of 31%, illumination intensity of 100lux, illumination time of 12 hr/day, removing pupated larva, transferring the larva to artificial feeding box, feeding artificial feed 0.15g for each larva, and replacing artificial feed once every two days. The strong pupae after pupation are picked out separately for breeding and reserving seeds, the rest pupae are refrigerated at the temperature of 2 ℃ for standby, the refrigerating time is 300 days, and the pupae are taken out and recovered to the normal temperature to be used as the host of scleroderma guani, so that the parasitic effect is good. Embedding pupa for propagation with humus soil, refrigerating at 10 deg.C, storing for 220 days, incubating at 18 deg.C for two weeks, naturally emerging, and breeding with tender folium Castaneae and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used at this time is as follows: 80g of peanut powder; 550g of wheat flour; 75g of steamed soybean flour; 50g of corn flour; 30g of glucose or sucrose; vitamin A: 140 mg; vitamin C: 90 mg; 1.9g of carotenoid; vitamin B1: 9 mg; vitamin B2: 9 mg; vitamin B3: 40 mg; adding 400ml of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare fine particles of 110 meshes. Can be stored at 0 deg.C for 30 days, and returned to normal temperature when used.
Example 2: placing the sexual mature Chinese chestnut weevil imagoes into a transparent feeding box with a cover provided with air holes according to the proportion of female to male of 2:3, placing the imagoes in the box according to the amount of 0.5g of artificial feed for 9g of Chinese chestnut fresh leaves per head worm, and replacing the fresh leaves and the feed once a day. The culture environment is as follows: culturing at 35 deg.C for 5 days with humidity of 70%, illumination intensity of 500lux and illumination time of 16 hr/day, placing the young fruit branches of semen Castaneae with flowers for spawning, adjusting illumination intensity to 8lux, controlling temperature at 24 deg.C, culturing for 8 hr, checking spawning condition, taking out the branches, culturing in transparent breeding box for 6 days under the condition of unchanged environmental conditions, and ensuring the freshness and activity of the branches. After 6 days the peels were carefully peeled off and the larvae were transferred to an artificial rearing box in the environment: humidity of 60%, illumination intensity of 5lux all day, temperature of 22 ℃ for 40 days, transferring larvae to environment as follows: culturing at the temperature of 22 ℃ for 10 days under the conditions of humidity of 29 percent, illumination intensity of 200lux, illumination time of 12 hours/day and temperature of 22 ℃, then picking and removing pupated larvae, feeding artificial feed 0.25g for each larva every time from the moment that the larvae are transferred to an artificial feeding box to the moment that the pupation is finished, and replacing the feed once every two days until the pupation is finished. The strong pupae after pupation are picked out separately for breeding and reserving seeds, the rest pupae are refrigerated at 4 ℃ for standby, the refrigerating time is 200 days, and the pupae are taken out and recovered to the normal temperature to be used as the host of scleroderma guani, so that the parasitic effect is good. Embedding pupa for propagation with humus soil, refrigerating at 15 deg.C, storing for 150 days, incubating at 25 deg.C for 10 days, naturally emerging, and breeding with tender folium Castaneae and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used at this time is as follows: 100g of peanuts; 600g of wheat flour; 100g of steamed soybean flour; 80g of corn flour; 50g of glucose or sucrose; vitamin A: 160 mg; vitamin C: 100 mg; 2.1g of carotenoid; vitamin B1: 11 mg; vitamin B2: 11 mg; vitamin B3: 60 mg; adding 400ml of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare 130-mesh fine particles. Can be stored at 4 deg.C for 20 days, and returned to normal temperature when used.
Example 3: placing the mature Chinese chestnut weevil imagoes into a transparent feeding box with a cover provided with air holes according to the ratio of male and female parts of 2:3, placing the imagoes in the box according to the amount of 11g of Chinese chestnut fresh leaves and 0.5g of artificial feed for each head worm, and replacing the fresh leaves and the feed once a day. The culture environment is as follows: culturing at 20 deg.C for 3 days with humidity of 40%, illumination intensity of 500lux and illumination time of 12 hr/day, placing the young fruit branches of semen Castaneae with flowers for spawning, adjusting illumination intensity of 2lux, controlling temperature at 26 deg.C, culturing for 8 hr, checking spawning condition, taking out the branches, culturing in transparent breeding box for 5 days under the condition of unchanged environmental conditions, and ensuring the freshness and activity of the branches. After 5 days the peels were carefully peeled off and the larvae were transferred to an artificial rearing box under the following conditions: humidity is 60%, illumination intensity is 10lux all day, breeding is carried out for 35 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, and then transferring larvae to the environment is as follows: culturing at 35 deg.C for 8 days under the conditions of humidity of 30%, illumination intensity of 100lux, illumination time of 8 hr/day, picking out pupated larva, transferring the larva to artificial breeding box, feeding artificial feed 0.25g for each larva, replacing feed for two days, and adding fresh chestnut powder 0.05g for each larva until pupation is completed after culturing to 32 days. The strong pupae after pupation are picked out separately for breeding and reserving seeds, the rest pupae are refrigerated at the temperature of 2 ℃ for standby, the refrigerating time is 300 days, and the pupae are taken out and recovered to the normal temperature to be used as the host of scleroderma guani, so that the parasitic effect is good. Embedding pupa for propagation with humus soil, refrigerating at 15 deg.C, storing for 220 days, incubating at 18 deg.C for 20 days, naturally emerging, and breeding with tender folium Castaneae and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used at this time is as follows: 80g of peanut powder; 600g of wheat flour; 75g of steamed soybean flour; 80g of corn flour; 50g of glucose or sucrose; vitamin A: 140 mg; vitamin C: 110 mg; 2.1g of carotenoid; vitamin B1: 10 mg; vitamin B2: 9 mg; vitamin B3: 50 mg; adding 400ml of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare 120-mesh fine particles. Can be stored at 0 deg.C for 30 days, and returned to normal temperature when used.
Example 4: placing the sexual mature Chinese chestnut weevil imagoes into a transparent feeding box with a cover provided with air holes according to the proportion of female to male of 2:3, placing the imagoes in the box according to the amount of 0.4g of artificial feed for 9g of Chinese chestnut fresh leaves per head worm every day, and replacing the fresh leaves and the feed once a day. The culture environment is as follows: culturing at 20 deg.C for 5 days with humidity of 70%, illumination intensity of 100lux and illumination time of 16 hr/day, placing the young fruit branches of semen Castaneae with flowers for spawning, adjusting illumination intensity to 8lux, controlling temperature at 22 deg.C, culturing for 8 hr, checking spawning condition, taking out the branches, culturing in transparent breeding box for 5 days under the condition of unchanged environmental conditions, and ensuring the freshness and activity of the branches. After 5 days the peels were carefully peeled off and the larvae were transferred to an artificial rearing box under the following conditions: humidity is 60%, illumination intensity is 10lux all day, breeding is carried out for 35 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, and then transferring larvae to the environment is as follows: culturing at 35 deg.C for 8 days under the conditions of humidity of 29%, illumination intensity of 100lux, illumination time of 8 hr/day, removing pupated larva, transferring the larva to artificial breeding box, feeding feed 0.15g for each larva, replacing feed for two days, and adding fresh chestnut powder 0.03g for each larva until pupation is completed after culturing to 30 days. The strong pupae after pupation are picked out separately for breeding and reserving seeds, the rest pupae are refrigerated at the temperature of 2 ℃ for standby, the refrigerating time is 300 days, and the pupae are taken out and recovered to the normal temperature to be used as the host of scleroderma guani, so that the parasitic effect is good. Embedding pupa for propagation with humus soil, refrigerating at 10 deg.C, storing for 150 days, incubating at 18 deg.C for 10 days, naturally emerging, and breeding with tender folium Castaneae and artificial feed until sexual maturity. The artificial feed used at this time is as follows: 80g of peanut powder; 600g of wheat flour; 75g of steamed soybean flour; 80g of corn flour; 30g of glucose or sucrose; vitamin A: 140 mg; vitamin C: 110 mg; 2g of carotenoid; vitamin B1: 11 mg; vitamin B2: 11 mg; vitamin B3: 60 mg; adding 400ml of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare 120-mesh fine particles. Can be stored at 0 deg.C for 30 days, and returned to normal temperature when used.
Example 5: placing the sexual mature Chinese chestnut weevil imagoes into a transparent feeding box with a cover provided with air holes according to the proportion of female to male of 2:3, placing the imagoes in the box according to the amount of 0.5g of artificial feed for 9g of Chinese chestnut fresh leaves per head worm every day, and replacing the fresh leaves and the feed every day. The culture environment is as follows: culturing for 5 days at 35 ℃ under the conditions of humidity of 40%, illumination intensity of 500lux, illumination time of 12 hours/day and temperature of 35 ℃, placing the young chestnut branches with flowers for spawning, adjusting the illumination intensity of 2lux, controlling the temperature at 22 ℃, culturing for 8 hours, taking out the branches in a transparent feeding box after checking the spawning condition, culturing for 6 days under the condition of unchanged environmental conditions, and ensuring the freshness and the activity of the branches. After 6 days, the peel is carefully peeled off, the larvae are transferred to an artificial feeding box, the larvae are cultured for 40 days under the conditions that the environment is 40 percent of humidity, the illumination intensity is 10lux all day long and the temperature is 22 ℃, 0.15g of artificial feed is fed to each larva every time from the moment that the larvae are transferred to the artificial feeding box, and the artificial feed is replaced once every two days. The larvae are picked out and refrigerated at the temperature of 2 ℃, the refrigeration time is 300 days, and the larvae are taken out and recovered to the normal temperature to be used as hosts of scleroderma guani, so that the parasitic effect is good. The artificial feed used at this time is as follows: 80g of peanut powder; 550g of wheat flour; 75g of steamed soybean flour; 50g of corn flour; 30g of glucose or sucrose; vitamin A: 150 mg; vitamin C: 100 mg; 2g of carotenoid; vitamin B1: 10 mg; vitamin B2: 10 mg; vitamin B3: 50 mg; adding 400ml of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare 120-mesh fine particles. Can be stored at 4 deg.C for 30 days, and returned to normal temperature when used.
Claims (2)
1. A method for cultivating castanea mollissima is characterized in that:
(1) artificial feed: by weight, 80-100 parts of peanut powder, 550-600 parts of wheat flour, 75-100 parts of steamed soybean flour, 50-80 parts of corn flour, 30-50 parts of glucose or sucrose, 0.14-0.16 part of vitamin A, 0.09-0.11 part of vitamin C, 1.9-2.1 parts of carotenoid, 10.009-0.011 part of vitamin B, 20.009-0.011 part of vitamin B, 30.04-0.06 part of vitamin B and 400 parts of water, and uniformly mixing to prepare 110-130-mesh fine particles;
(2) placing sexually mature Chinese chestnut weevils in a transparent feeding box with air holes covered by a cover according to the proportion of 2:3 of the number of males and females, simultaneously placing fresh Chinese chestnut tender leaves and the feed in the box, wherein the placing amount of the tender leaves is 9-11 g per adult per day, the placing amount of the feed is 0.4-0.6 g per adult per day, replacing the tender leaves and the feed once per day, culturing for 3-5 days under the conditions of 40-70% of relative humidity, 100-500 lux of illumination intensity, 12-16 hours/day of illumination time and 20-35 ℃, then placing Chinese chestnut young fruits with flowers or young fruits of other quercus, adjusting the illumination intensity to be 2-8 lux, 22-26 ℃, culturing for 6-8 hours, and enabling the Chinese chestnut weevils to naturally lay eggs; continuously culturing the spawned young fruits for 5-6 days under the condition that the culturing conditions are not changed, peeling off peels, transferring the larvae into a feeding box in which the feed is placed, wherein the feeding amount of the feed is 0.15-0.25 g per larva every time, the feed is replaced once every two days, the environment is 5-10 lux of illumination intensity, the temperature is 22-35 ℃, the relative humidity is 40-60%, and the larvae can become mature larvae after being cultured for 35-40 days; and then increasing the illumination intensity to 100-200 lux, wherein the illumination time is 8-12 hours/day, the relative humidity is reduced to 29-31%, the temperature is unchanged, and the mature larvae can be further induced to pupate after 6-10 days.
2. Use of aged larvae or pupae of chestnut weevil obtained according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mature larva or pupa is refrigerated for 200-300 days at the temperature of 2-4 ℃ and used as breeding hosts of scleroderma guani and other parasitic bees, or the pupa is wrapped by absorbent cotton or embedded by humus soil and then refrigerated for 150-220 days at the temperature of 10-15 ℃ and used as breeding materials for standby application, and eclosion can be carried out to form imagoes after 10-20 days at the temperature of 18-25 ℃ before use.
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