CN106069188A - A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces - Google Patents
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069188A CN106069188A CN201610441089.4A CN201610441089A CN106069188A CN 106069188 A CN106069188 A CN 106069188A CN 201610441089 A CN201610441089 A CN 201610441089A CN 106069188 A CN106069188 A CN 106069188A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The present invention provides the artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces, and its preparation process is as follows: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium by (1), and constant temperature culture to mycelium covers with and cultivates in PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds；(2) compost is bottled, sterilizing, inoculation, under 18 28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivate at the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium；(3) compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continue to cultivate 10 20 days；(4) by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, it is covered with the thick granular soil of 2 10cm, sterilization；(5) management of producing mushroom, controls indoor temperature, day and night temperature, air humidity and soil property water content and ensures termitomyces normal growth.The cultural method of the present invention is simple, and the termitomyces fruiting of cultivation 23 times, biotransformation rate is 30 80%, has wide market value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible fungi technical field, be specifically related to the artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces.
Background technology
Termitomyces, belongs to Basidiomycetes, Bai Mo section, Agaricales, after spring and autumn rain, is born in meadow, wilderness, grave hilllock, field sill
Etc. ground, be the king of Collybia albuminosa (Berk.) Petch system wild edible fungus, its meat is plump, and matter filament is white, tender and crisp tasty and refreshing, and delicate fragrance is delicious, nutritious, especially
The content of its protein is higher, and containing 20 several amino acids in protein, wherein the aminoacid of needed by human has 8 kinds, and kind is neat
Entirely.Termitomyces is the most all praised, U.S.A does not stops talking, nutritious, according to analysis, and every 100 grams of fresh termitomycess aqueous 92.61%, dry
Material 7.39%.In dry, containing crude protein 34.94%, crude fat 3.40%, crude fibre 13.91%, soluble sugar 4.5%, water
Solve sugar 9.59%, ash 7.73%.In ash, calcium oxide is 20.29%, phosphorus 4.62%, ferrum 1.89%, manganese 0.08%.Possibly together with Ergota
Stay alcohol and 16 kinds of aminoacid and vitamin C.Termitomyces has higher medical value, and modern medicine study finds, in Collybia albuminosa (Berk.) Petch
Containing the effective ingredient for the treatment of diabetes, there is obvious effect to reducing blood glucose.
Patent publication No. CN102726210A discloses the preparation method of domestication's laterite termitomyces cultigen, this invention
Technical method be (1) prepare Cultivar culture medium raw material, component is grain 50 ~ 90 parts, wood flour 8 ~ 48 parts, biphosphate
1 part of potassium, sugar 1 part, adding water and making water content is 40% ~ 60%；(2) Cultivar culture medium raw material is prepared；(3) Cultivar culture medium is prepared
Material；(4) accessing laterite termitomyces mother domestication kind by sterile working and carry out lucifuge cultivation, cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 28 DEG C, training
Support 25 ~ 65 days mycelium to cover with culture bottle and become ripe original seed, then carry out expanding propagation and i.e. obtain laterite termitomyces cultigen.This invention
Laterite termitomyces cultigen can be used for and is only applicable to artificial growth and produces laterite termitomyces.
Patent publication No. CN104255297A discloses the artificial method for planting of a kind of termitomyces, including cultivation Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari., chicken
Fir bacterium breeding, termitomyces field planting, rich water quality management and step of gathering.This technical scheme is by selection fine quality, reduction termitomyces
Wild condition, make full use of the symbiosis of termitomyces and Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari., it is achieved termitomyces implant mass, in the management of science
Under, yield is largely increased, stay in grade and unification, and under the termitomyces planted out and wild environment, the termitomyces of growth is in battalion
Foster value, medical value, local flavor taste aspect are the most close, but owing to cultivating Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. and termitomyces simultaneously, technology requires the highest,
Actual popularization and application are limited.
Due to termitomyces and symbiosis of termite, for a long time, it is desirable to become this wild Rare edible fungus domestication
Cultigen, but its sporophore is only capable of on Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. is put down growth, termitomyces and Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. ecological relationship between the two background and nutrition
Relation is complicated, and this brings difficulty to termitomyces domestication.For solving the tame difficult point of termitomyces, the present invention provides
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces, for artificial culture termitomyces.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above technical problem, it is provided that the artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces, by mother
Planting and cultivate, the steps such as two grades of kinds are cultivated, cultivating in a fungus bag, and mushroom shed is cultivated, management of producing mushroom turn out termitomyces.The chicken of present invention cultivation
Fir bacterium fruiting 2-3 time, biotransformation rate is 30-80%, has wide market value.
For solve the problems referred to above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces, including following cultivation step:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 10-20 days, proceeds to
Mushroom shed is cultivated；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, be covered with 2-10cm thick
Granular soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
Further, described step (1) be separated in separate tissue, spore separation, cell separation any one.
Further, the formula of the Nutrient medium of described step (1) is any one in formula 1, formula 2, formula 3,
PH value is 6.5-8.5；Described formula 1 is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose 10-20 part, agar 10-20 part, peptone 5-10 part, breast
Acid calcium 1-5 part, KH2PO41-5 part, 1000 parts of water；Described formula 2 is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose 10-20 part, agar 10-20 part,
1000 parts of water；Described formula 3 is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, agar 10-20 part, acylate 1-5 part, 1000 parts of water；Above raw material is with weight
Amount part meter.
Further, water content 60-70% of the compost of described step (2) and step (3), pH value 4-6, by following former
Material composition in parts by weight: 100 parts of plant rod powder, coarse cereal powder 5-30 part, sucrose 0.5-5 part, organic acid 0.5-5 part, formates
Or acetate 0.1-5 part, inorganic mineral powder 0.5-5 part, suitable quantity of water；
Further, described plant rod powder is one or more in cotton seed hulls, wood flour, corn cob；Described coarse cereal powder is rice
Bran, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, wheat flour, gulp down in Semen Glycines powder one or more；Described organic acid be aminoacid, stearic acid, Palmic acid,
One or more in monoglyceride；Described inorganic mineral powder is in Gypsum Fibrosum powder, precipitated calcium carbonate, Pulvis Talci, pulverized limestone
Plant or multiple.
Further, the bacterium bag of described step (3) is polyethylene bacterium bag or polypropylene bacterium bag.
Further, the mushroom shed of described step (4) is hot house, and adds a cover the sunshade net of at least 2 layers.
Further, the water content of the adjuvant layer of described step (4) is 50-65%, pH value 4.0-5.0, and thickness is 5-
10cm, is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: wood flour 100 parts, 50 parts of soil, organic acid 0.1-5 part, calcium lime powder 1-5 part,
Suitable quantity of water；Described organic acid is one or more in formic acid, acetic acid, stearic acid, Palmic acid.
Further, mushroom bedside 100-150cm, the long 200-400cm of described step (4), digs ground 15-under mushroom bed
30cm, and sterilize via bleaching powder or pulverized limestone.
Further, the sterilization of described step (4) realizes sterilization by spraying one layer of 10% bleaching powder.
Further, the termitomyces fruiting of present invention cultivation 2-3 time, biotransformation rate is 30-80%.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces of the present invention, compared with prior art, its prominent feature and excellent effect
Fruit is:
1. the termitomyces fruiting that the artificial cultivation method of the termitomyces of the employing present invention plants 2-3 time, biotransformation rate reaches
To 30-80%.
2. the cultural method of the present invention is simple, and growth cycle is short, and the termitomyces of cultivation is similar to wild termitomyces quality, tool
There is wide market value.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should be interpreted as the present invention
Scope be only limitted to Examples below.In the case of without departing from said method thought of the present invention, according to ordinary skill
Various replacements that knowledge and customary means are made or change, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 10 days, proceeds to mushroom shed
Cultivate；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, be covered with 2cm thick
Grain soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
Described step (1) be separated into separate tissue, sporophore piece of tissue is aseptically put into PDA culture medium and enters
Row Mycelium culture.The formula of the culture medium of described step (1) is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose 10 parts, 10 parts of agar, peptone 5
Part, calcium lactate 1 part, KH2PO41 part, the raw material such as 1000 parts of water is in parts by weight.The compost of described step (2) and step (3)
Water content 60%, pH value 4.2, it is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: cotton seed hulls, wood flour and corn cob 100 parts, Testa oryzae, bran
Skin, Semen Maydis powder, wheat flour and gulp down Semen Glycines powder 5 parts, sucrose 0.5 part, aminoacid, stearic acid, Palmic acid and monoglyceride 0.5 part, first
0.1 part of sodium of acid, Gypsum Fibrosum powder, precipitated calcium carbonate, Pulvis Talci and pulverized limestone 0.55 part.The bacterium bag of described step (3) is polyethylene bacterium
Bag.The mushroom shed of described step (4) is hot house, and adds a cover the sunshade net of 2 layers.The water content of the adjuvant layer of described step (4)
Being 50%, pH value 4.0, thickness is 5cm, is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: wood flour 100 parts, 50 parts of soil, formic acid, second
Acid, stearic acid and Palmic acid 0.1 part, calcium lime powder 1 part.Mushroom bedside 100cm, the long 200cm of described step (4), digs under mushroom bed
Ground 15cm, and sterilize via bleaching powder.
Embodiment 2
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 20 days, proceeds to mushroom shed
Cultivate；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, is covered with 10cm thick
Granular soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
Described step (1) be separated into spore separation, the bacterium spore that ejected by mature sporophore is collected, at aseptic condition
Under, put into Inoculating needle picking spore and in PDA culture medium, carry out Mycelium culture.The formula of the culture medium of described step (1) is
100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose 20 parts, 20 parts of agar, the raw material such as 1000 parts of water is in parts by weight.Described step (2) and step (3)
The water content 70% of compost, pH value 4.4, it is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: cotton seed hulls 100 parts, wheat flour 30 parts, sugarcane
Sugar 5 parts, Palmic acid 5 parts, sodium acetate 5 parts, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 5 parts.The bacterium bag of described step (3) is polyethylene bacterium bag.Described step (4)
Mushroom shed be hot house, and add a cover the sunshade net of 3 layers.The water content of the adjuvant layer of described step (4) is 65%, pH value 5.0,
Thickness is 10cm, is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: wood flour 100 parts, 50 parts of soil, acetic acid 5 parts, calcium lime powder 5 parts.Institute
State mushroom bedside 150cm, the long 400cm of step (4), dig ground 30cm under mushroom bed, and sterilize via pulverized limestone.
Embodiment 3
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 18 days, proceeds to mushroom shed
Cultivate；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, be covered with 4cm thick
Grain soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
Described step (1) be separated into cell separation, under an electron microscope, by termitomyces sporophore cut into slices in cell
Body is transplanted and is carried out cell Mycelium culture in PDA culture medium.The formula of the culture medium of described step (1) is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, agar
10 parts, acylate 1 part, the raw material such as 1000 parts of water is in parts by weight.The compost of described step (2) and step (3) aqueous
Amount 65%, pH value 4.5, it is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: cotton seed hulls and wood flour 100 parts, Testa oryzae, wheat bran and wheat flour 20
Part, sucrose 5 parts, aminoacid and stearic acid 3 parts, sodium acetate 2 parts, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and precipitated calcium carbonate 4 parts.The bacterium of described step (3)
Bag is polypropylene bacterium bag.The mushroom shed of described step (4) is hot house, and adds a cover the sunshade net of 2 layers.Described step (4) auxiliary
The water content of the bed of material is 55%, pH value 4.4, and thickness is 8cm, is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: wood flour 100 parts, soil 50
Part, formic acid and stearic acid 2.5 parts, calcium lime powder 1.8 parts.Mushroom bedside 120cm, the long 300cm of described step (4), digs under mushroom bed
Ground 25cm, and sterilize via bleaching powder.
Embodiment 4
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 16 days, proceeds to mushroom shed
Cultivate；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, be covered with 8cm thick
Grain soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
Described step (1) be separated into separate tissue, sporophore piece of tissue is aseptically put into PDA culture medium and enters
Row Mycelium culture.The formula of the culture medium of described step (1) is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose 20 parts, 20 parts of agar, peptone
10 parts, calcium lactate 5 parts, KH2PO45 parts, the raw material such as 1000 parts of water is in parts by weight.Described step (2) and the compost of step (3)
Water content 66%, pH value 5, be made up of in parts by weight following raw material: cotton seed hulls and corn cob 100 parts, Testa oryzae, wheat bran and gulp down
Semen Glycines powder 24 parts, sucrose 2.8 parts, stearic acid, Palmic acid and monoglyceride 4.1 parts, calcium acetate 2.8 parts, Gypsum Fibrosum powder, Pulvis Talci and stone
Ashes 3.5 parts.The bacterium bag of described step (3) is polyethylene bacterium bag.The mushroom shed of described step (4) is hot house, and adds a cover 2 layers
Sunshade net.The water content of the adjuvant layer of described step (4) is 61%, pH value 4.2, and thickness is 7cm, by following raw material with weight
Part meter composition: wood flour 100 parts, 50 parts of soil, 2.8 parts of formic acid, calcium lime powder 3.2 parts.The mushroom bedside 150cm of described step (4),
Long 350cm, digs ground 25cm, and sterilizes via bleaching powder under mushroom bed.
Embodiment 5
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 14 days, proceeds to mushroom shed
Cultivate；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, be covered with 6cm thick
Grain soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
Described step (1) be separated into cell separation, under an electron microscope, by termitomyces sporophore cut into slices in cell
Body is transplanted and is carried out cell Mycelium culture in PDA culture medium.The formula of the culture medium of described step (1) is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Fructus Vitis viniferae
Sugar 10 parts, 10 parts of agar, the raw material such as 1000 parts of water is in parts by weight.The water content of the compost of described step (2) and step (3)
62%, pH value 6, it is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: cotton seed hulls 100 parts, Testa oryzae, Semen Maydis powder, wheat flour and gulp down Semen Glycines powder 24
Part, sucrose 3 parts, aminoacid, stearic acid and monoglyceride 1.6 parts, sodium acetate 3 parts, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and Pulvis Talci 2.2 parts.Described step
Suddenly the bacterium bag of (3) is polyethylene bacterium bag.The mushroom shed of described step (4) is hot house, and adds a cover the sunshade net of 3 layers.Described step
Suddenly the water content of the adjuvant layer of (4) is 58%, pH value 4.1, and thickness is 6cm, is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: wood flour 100
Part, 50 parts of soil, formic acid and Palmic acid 2.2 parts, calcium lime powder 3 parts.The mushroom bedside 110cm of described step (4), long 280cm, mushroom
Dig ground 25cm under Chuan, and sterilize via bleaching powder.
Embodiment 6
A kind of artificial cultivation method of termitomyces:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 20 days, proceeds to mushroom shed
Cultivate；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, is covered with 10cm thick
Granular soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
Described step (1) be separated into separate tissue, sporophore piece of tissue is aseptically put into PDA culture medium and enters
Row Mycelium culture.The formula of the culture medium of described step (1) is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, 20 parts of agar, acylate 5 parts, water 1000
The raw materials such as part are in parts by weight.The water content 66% of the compost of described step (2) and step (3), pH value 4, by following raw material with
Weight portion meter forms: cotton seed hulls and wood flour 100 parts, Testa oryzae, wheat bran and gulp down in Semen Glycines powder 16 parts, sucrose 2.6 parts, aminoacid and tristearin
Acid 1.8 parts, sodium acetate 0.8 part, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 0.9 part.The bacterium bag of described step (3) is polypropylene bacterium bag.The mushroom of described step (4)
Canopy is hot house, and adds a cover the sunshade net of 2 layers.The water content of the adjuvant layer of described step (4) is 54%, pH value 4.4, thickness
For 10cm, it is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: wood flour 100 parts, 50 parts of soil, 3.2 parts of formic acid, calcium lime powder 4.2 parts.Institute
State mushroom bedside 150cm, the long 360cm of step (4), dig ground 30cm under mushroom bed, and sterilize through pulverized limestone.
Claims (10)
1. the artificial cultivation method of a termitomyces, it is characterised in that include following cultivation step:
(1) Mother culture: termitomyces sporophore is separated and puts in PDA culture medium, long to mycelium 18-28 DEG C of constant temperature culture
Cultivating in full PDA culture medium, then Nutrient medium of transferring is two godmother's kinds, then proceeds to two grades of kinds and cultivates；Described PDA culture medium
It is made up of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose and agar；
(2) two grades of kinds are cultivated: bottled by compost, sterilizing, and inoculation is subsequently placed under 18-28 DEG C of dark or low light condition, cultivates
At the bottom of covering with bottle to mycelium, proceed to cultivating in a fungus bag；
(3) cultivating in a fungus bag: compost is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, after mycelium covers with bacterium bag, continues to cultivate 10-20 days, proceeds to
Mushroom shed is cultivated；
(4) mushroom shed is cultivated: by the bacterium bag of step (3) and in draining into the mushroom bed being covered with adjuvant layer in mushroom shed, be covered with 2-10cm thick
Granular soil, sterilization, proceed to management of producing mushroom；
(5) management of producing mushroom: before fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 85%-95%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%, after fruiting, controls indoor temperature 18-25 DEG C, day and night temperature 8-12 DEG C, air humidity 80%-90%, soil
Matter water content 45%-55%.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: dividing of described step (1)
From for any one in separate tissue, spore separation, cell separation.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the battalion of described step (1)
The formula supporting culture medium is any one in formula 1, formula 2, formula 3, and pH value is 6.5-8.5；Described formula 1 is Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 100
Part, glucose 10-20 part, agar 10-20 part, peptone 5-10 part, calcium lactate 1-5 part, KH2PO41-5 part, 1000 parts of water；Institute
Stating formula 2 is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose 10-20 part, agar 10-20 part, 1000 parts of water；Described formula 3 is 100 parts of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, fine jade
Fat 10-20 part, acylate 1-5 part, 1000 parts of water；Above raw material is in parts by weight.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (2) and step
Suddenly water content 60-70% of the compost of (3), pH value 4-6, it is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: 100 parts of plant rod powder, miscellaneous
Grain powder 5-30 part, sucrose 0.5-5 part, organic acid 0.5-5 part, formates or acetate 0.1-5 part, inorganic mineral powder 0.5-5 part,
Suitable quantity of water.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described plant rod powder is cotton
One or more in seed shell, wood flour, corn cob；Described coarse cereal powder is Testa oryzae, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, wheat flour, gulps down in Semen Glycines powder
One or more；Described organic acid is one or more in aminoacid, stearic acid, Palmic acid, monoglyceride；Described inorganic ore deposit
Thing powder is one or more in Gypsum Fibrosum powder, precipitated calcium carbonate, Pulvis Talci, pulverized limestone.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bacterium of described step (3)
Bag is polyethylene bacterium bag or polypropylene bacterium bag.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mushroom of described step (4)
Canopy is hot house, and adds a cover the sunshade net of at least 2 layers.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (4) auxiliary
The water content of the bed of material is 50-65%, pH value 4.0-5.0, and thickness is 5-10cm, is made up of in parts by weight following raw material: wood flour
100 parts, 50 parts of soil, organic acid 0.1-5 part, calcium lime powder 1-5 part, suitable quantity of water；Described organic acid is formic acid, acetic acid, tristearin
One or more in acid, Palmic acid.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mushroom of described step (4)
Bedside 100-150cm, long 200-400cm, dig ground 15-30cm, and sterilize via bleaching powder or pulverized limestone under mushroom bed.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of termitomyces the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: disappearing of described step (4)
Poison realizes sterilization by spraying one layer of 10% bleaching powder.
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| CN107484554A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 贵州棒棒食用菌产业有限公司 | A kind of artificial collybia albuminosa cultural method |
| CN107646515A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-02-02 | 山东省科创食用菌产业技术研究院 | A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method |
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| CN111226692A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-05 | 务川自治县安博农业科技发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of shredded chicken |
| CN111345199A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-06-30 | 四川乌蒙山四季菌业有限责任公司 | Black skin termitomyces liquid strain culture solution and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111345199A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-06-30 | 四川乌蒙山四季菌业有限责任公司 | Black skin termitomyces liquid strain culture solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN111226692A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-05 | 务川自治县安博农业科技发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of shredded chicken |
| CN111919660A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-13 | 南京康之春生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of termitomyces albuminosus |
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