CN107646515A - A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107646515A CN107646515A CN201710759763.8A CN201710759763A CN107646515A CN 107646515 A CN107646515 A CN 107646515A CN 201710759763 A CN201710759763 A CN 201710759763A CN 107646515 A CN107646515 A CN 107646515A
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- black skin
- termite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B15/00—Organic phosphatic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method, by studying dependence of the Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin growth course to termite, according to the growing environment of wild Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin, in Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultivating process, porous culture medium bacterium bed is prepared with symbiosis of termite, and scientific and reasonable culture medium is used cooperatively, realize the artificial culture of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin.Culture medium composition collocation is reasonable; the bioactive substance enriched containing species; growth to Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin fructification has facilitation; anti- miscellaneous bacteria ability is strong, and termite degree of dependence is reduced in incubation, and strong to environmental suitability; bacterium germination is fast; it is with short production cycle, stable yield, large-scale production can be achieved.The Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin turned out, base handle is thick, and color is vivid, fleshy hypertrophy, superior product quality and delicious in taste.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible mushroom culture technique field, is related to a kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method.
Background technology
Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin category load subphylum dried mushroom subject, it is one kind of collybia albuminosa, is medicine-food two-purpose rich in several amino acids
One of edible mushroom, it not only has effects such as " beneficial stomach, clear god, controlling hemorrhoid and reducing blood lipid ", there is the work(such as enriching the blood to restore normal menstruation, strengthening the spleen and stomach
Effect, available for all diseases of blood under treatment poor appetite, endless diarrhea, hemorrhoid, and play the role of to suppress human cancer cell's growth, its mouth
Sense is unique, carries fresh work(, and on monosodium glutamate, its sodium glutamate comparision contents are high, no matter fried, fried, cooked, fried, it is or steamed
Or soup is done, its flavour is all very fresh；
Although the nutritive value of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin is very high, the Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin under nature is only in the southwest in China, the southeast
Area produces, and the requirement to growing environment is extremely harsh, whole breeding and growth cycle will rely on and symbiosis of termite, the two it
Between have the nutrition relationship and ecological setting of complexity, the technology that overcomes of being difficult to during Spawn incubation and strain growth all be present
Problem, it is not easy to realize that artificial batch is cultivated.In recent years, though there is Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin culture successfully to report, because technology etc.
It is immature, also be not implemented large-scale planting.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, have developed a kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method, the strain pair
Environmental suitability is strong, and bacterium germination is fast, with short production cycle, and large-scale production can be achieved.
A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method, step include：
1）Maize straw is pressed into 10~15cm segments, is laid in culturing room, it is thick per 10cm in tiling process to spray one layer of benzene first
The mixed aqueous solution of acid and rhamnolipid, surface stalk is soaked, successively sprays and is successively compacted, the superiors' stalk surface covering 15~
20cm loam, compacting, obtains the high bacterium bed carriers of 0.5~0.8m；
Further, step 1）In, in the mixed aqueous solution of benzoic acid and rhamnolipid, the quality point of benzoic acid and rhamnolipid
Number is respectively 0.5~1.0% and 0.3~0.6%.
2）Take 8~10 parts of wood fibre, 5~6 parts of cotton seed hulls, 3~5 parts of sand grains, 0.2~0.3 part of sodium formate, cholesterine
0.5~1.0 part, 0.3~0.5 part of lecithin：1~1.5 part of sucrose, the raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight is well mixed, then in step
Rapid 1）Bacterium bed carrier upper berth bed and compress reality, the height of bed 25~30 ㎝, wide 50~60 ㎝, control bacterium bed humidity 50~65%, temperature
20~25 DEG C, symbiosis of termite is put into, termite quantity is 25~30/m2；
Further, step 2）In, described sand grains, particle diameter is 0.05~1mm, and wherein sand mass content is 50~55%.
Further, step 2）In, wood fibre, length is 12~20mm, 2~5mm of diameter；Lignocellulose raw material is sweet
One or more in bagasse, pine, China fir, preferred mass is than 2:2:1 bagasse, pine, China fir mixture.
Further, step 2）In, described termite is 1:1.5~2 coptotermes formosanus and reticulitermes flavipe.
3）Mycelia parent species are inoculated into fluid nutrient medium, inoculum concentration is 12~15%, is trained in 19~21 DEG C of constant temperature lucifuges
Support 2~3 days, then cultivated 3~5 days at 21~23 DEG C, obtain liquid spawn；
Further, step 3）In, fluid nutrient medium is：10~15g of agar, 20~25g of sucrose, 2.5~3.0mg of sodium formate,
1~2.5mg of Vc, purslane extract 200ml, distilled water 800ml, pH are 6.5~7.5；Purslane extract is directly squeezed by fresh purslane
Juice.
4）When step 2）Bacterium bed in after wood fibre gnaws 50~55% by termite, termite quantity be reduced to 0~10/
M2, then by step 3）Liquid spawn be inoculated into bacterium bed, every square metre of 0.5~1kg of inoculum concentration, trained in 24~26 DEG C of lucifuges
Support 25~30 days, when the long full charge layer of mycelia, thin sand and soil thick 2~3cm of covering, ventilation, keep indoor air relative humidity
70~85%, 16~20 DEG C of temperature, when stem length is 8~10cm, harvesting.
Technical solution of the present invention, its advantage are：
1）By studying dependence of the Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin growth course to termite, according to the growing environment of wild Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin,
The present invention prepares porous culture medium bacterium bed, and be used cooperatively section in Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultivating process with symbiosis of termite
Rational culture medium is learned, realizes the artificial culture of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin；
2）Culture medium composition collocation is reasonable, the bioactive substance enriched containing species, the growth to Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin fructification
There is facilitation, show as that mycelium growth vigor is prosperous, anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability is strong, termite degree of dependence is reduced in incubation, and to ring
Border strong adaptability, bacterium germination is fast, with short production cycle, stable yield, and large-scale production can be achieved.The Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin turned out, base
Handle is thick, and color is vivid, fleshy hypertrophy, superior product quality and delicious in taste.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from the present invention, further illustrated with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method, step include：
1）Maize straw is pressed into 10~15cm segments, is laid in culturing room, it is thick per 10cm in tiling process to spray one layer of benzene first
In the mixed aqueous solution of the mixed aqueous solution of acid and rhamnolipid, benzoic acid and rhamnolipid, the matter of benzoic acid and rhamnolipid
It is respectively 0.8% and 0.5% to measure fraction；Surface stalk is soaked, successively sprays and is successively compacted, the superiors' stalk surface covering 18cm is thick
Loam, compacting, obtain the high bacterium bed carriers of 0.8m；
2）Take 9 parts of wood fibre, 5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 4 parts of sand grains, 0.2 part of sodium formate, 0.6 part of cholesterine, 0.4 part of lecithin：Sugarcane
1.2 parts of sugar, the raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight is well mixed, then in step 1）Bacterium bed carrier upper berth bed and compress reality, the height of bed
25~30 ㎝, wide 50~60 ㎝, control bacterium bed humidity 50~65%, 20~25 DEG C of temperature, are put into 1:1.9 coptotermes formosanus and dissipate white
Myrmecophily, termite quantity are 25~30/m2；Wherein, sand grains, particle diameter are 0.05~1mm, and wherein sand mass content is 55%；
Wood fibre, length are 12~20mm, 2~5mm of diameter；Lignocellulose raw material is mass ratio 2:2:1 bagasse, pine, China fir
Wooden mixture；
3）Mycelia parent species are inoculated into fluid nutrient medium, inoculum concentration 12%, in 19~21 DEG C of constant temperature lucifuge cultures 3 days, then
Cultivated 4 days at 21~23 DEG C, obtain liquid spawn；Fluid nutrient medium is：Agar 10g, sucrose 20g, sodium formate 2.5mg, Vc
1mg, purslane extract 200ml, distilled water 800ml, pH 7.0；Purslane extract is directly squeezed the juice by fresh purslane；
4）When step 2）Bacterium bed in after wood fibre gnaws 50% by termite, termite quantity is reduced to 0~10/m2, then will
Step 3）Liquid spawn be inoculated into bacterium bed, every square metre of inoculum concentration 0.6kg, the mycelia after 24~26 DEG C of lucifuge cultures 28 days
Long full charge layer, thin sand and soil thick 2~3cm of covering, ventilation, holding indoor air relative humidity 70~85%, temperature 16~
20 DEG C, when stem length is 8~10cm, harvesting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method, step include：
1）Maize straw is pressed into 10~15cm segments, is laid in culturing room, it is thick per 10cm in tiling process to spray one layer of benzene first
In the mixed aqueous solution of the mixed aqueous solution of acid and rhamnolipid, benzoic acid and rhamnolipid, the matter of benzoic acid and rhamnolipid
It is respectively 0.5% and 0.3% to measure fraction；Surface stalk is soaked, successively sprays and is successively compacted, the superiors' stalk surface covering 20cm's
Loam, compacting, obtains the high bacterium bed carriers of 0.6m；
2）Take 10 parts of wood fibre, 6 parts of cotton seed hulls, 5 parts of sand grains, 0.3 part of sodium formate, 1.0 parts of cholesterine, 0.5 part of lecithin：Sugarcane
1.5 parts of sugar, the raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight is well mixed, then in step 1）Bacterium bed carrier upper berth bed and compress reality, the height of bed
25~30 ㎝, wide 50~60 ㎝, control bacterium bed humidity 50~65%, 20~25 DEG C of temperature, are put into 1:1.5 coptotermes formosanus and dissipate white
Myrmecophily, termite quantity are 25~30/m2；Wherein, sand grains, particle diameter are 0.05~1mm, and wherein sand mass content is 55%；
Wood fibre, length are 12~20mm, 2~5mm of diameter；Lignocellulose raw material is mass ratio 2:1 bagasse, pine mixing
Thing；
3）Mycelia parent species are inoculated into fluid nutrient medium, inoculum concentration 15%, in 19~21 DEG C of constant temperature lucifuge cultures 3 days, then
Cultivated 5 days at 21~23 DEG C, obtain liquid spawn；Fluid nutrient medium is：Agar 15g, sucrose 25g, sodium formate 3.0mg, Vc
2.5mg, purslane extract 200ml, distilled water 800ml, pH 7.2；Purslane extract is directly squeezed the juice by fresh purslane；
4）When step 2）Bacterium bed in after wood fibre gnaws 55% by termite, termite quantity is reduced to 5~10/m2, then will
Step 3）Liquid spawn be inoculated into bacterium bed, every square metre of inoculum concentration 1kg, in 24~26 DEG C of lucifuge cultures 30 days, mycelia length
Full charge layer, thin sand and soil thick 2~3cm of covering, ventilation, keeps indoor air relative humidity 70~85%, temperature 16~20
DEG C, when stem length is 8~10cm, harvesting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method, step include：
1）Maize straw is pressed into 10~15cm segments, is laid in culturing room, it is thick per 10cm in tiling process to spray one layer of benzene first
In the mixed aqueous solution of the mixed aqueous solution of acid and rhamnolipid, benzoic acid and rhamnolipid, the matter of benzoic acid and rhamnolipid
It is respectively 1.0% and 0.6% to measure fraction；Surface stalk is soaked, successively sprays and is successively compacted, the superiors' stalk surface covering 15~
20cm loam, compacting, obtains the high bacterium bed carriers of 0.7~0.8m；
2）Take 8 parts of wood fibre, 5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 3 parts of sand grains, 0.2 part of sodium formate, 0.5 part of cholesterine, 0.3 part of lecithin：Sugarcane
1 part of sugar, the raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight is well mixed, then in step 1）Bacterium bed carrier upper berth bed and compress reality, the height of bed 25
~30 ㎝, wide 50~60 ㎝, control bacterium bed humidity 50~65%, 20~25 DEG C of temperature, are put into 1:2 coptotermes formosanus and reticulitermes flavipe are total to
Raw, termite quantity is 25~30/m2；Wherein, sand grains, particle diameter are 0.05~1mm, and wherein sand mass content is 50%；It is wooden
Fiber, length are 12~20mm, 2~5mm of diameter；Lignocellulose raw material is mass ratio 2:2:1 bagasse, pine, Chinese fir mixed
Compound；
3）Mycelia parent species are inoculated into fluid nutrient medium, inoculum concentration 13%, in 19~21 DEG C of constant temperature lucifuge cultures 3 days, then
Cultivated 5 days at 21~23 DEG C, obtain liquid spawn；Fluid nutrient medium is：Agar 10g, sucrose 20g, sodium formate 2.5mg, Vc
1mg, purslane extract 200ml, distilled water 800ml, pH 7.0；Purslane extract is directly squeezed the juice by fresh purslane；
4）When step 2）Bacterium bed in after wood fibre gnaws 55% by termite, termite is removed, then by step 3）Liquid spawn
It is inoculated into bacterium bed, every square metre of inoculum concentration 0.6kg, in 24~26 DEG C of lucifuge cultures 28 days, the long full charge layer of mycelia, covering 2~
Thin sand and soil thick 3cm, ventilation, keep indoor air relative humidity 70~85%, 16~20 DEG C of temperature, when stem length is
During 8~10cm, harvesting.
Comparative example 1
Using the method culture Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin of embodiment 1, difference is, without using step 1）Bacterium bed carrier.
Comparative example 2
Using the method culture Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin of embodiment 1, difference is, step 2）In be added without symbiosis of termite.
Comparative example 3
Using the method culture Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin of embodiment 1, difference is, step 2）In replace with the raw materials of following weight parts
Mixing：9 parts of wood fibre, 5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 4 parts of sand grains, step 3）Fluid nutrient medium replaces with：Agar 10g, sucrose 20g, Vc
1mg, distilled water 1000ml, pH 7.0.
Comparative example 4
The step 3 of embodiment 1）Liquid spawn be directly inoculated into culture medium, culture medium parts by weight composition replace with：Cotton seed hulls 90
Part, 5 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of wood sawdust, 1 part of pulverized limestone, 1 part of land plaster, 1.5 parts of agar, 2.5 parts of sucrose, water content 65%；Inoculation
After into culture medium, mycelial growth is slowly or even dead, it is impossible to obtains satisfactory Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin.
It see the table below with the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example cultivation Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin comparative result, correspond to experimental group 1~3 respectively
And control group 1.
。
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method, it is characterised in that step includes：
1）Maize straw is pressed into 10~15cm segments, is laid in culturing room, it is thick per 10cm in tiling process to spray one layer of benzene first
The mixed aqueous solution of acid and rhamnolipid, surface stalk is soaked, successively sprays and is successively compacted, the superiors' stalk surface covering 15~
20cm loam, compacting, obtains the high bacterium bed carriers of 0.5~0.8m；
2）Take 8~10 parts of wood fibre, 5~6 parts of cotton seed hulls, 3~5 parts of sand grains, 0.2~0.3 part of sodium formate, cholesterine 0.5~
1.0 parts, 0.3~0.5 part of lecithin：1~1.5 part of sucrose, the raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight is well mixed, then in step 1）'s
Bacterium bed carrier upper berth bed simultaneously compresses reality, the height of bed 25~30 ㎝, wide 50~60 ㎝, control bacterium bed humidity 50~65%, temperature 20~25
DEG C, symbiosis of termite is put into, termite quantity is 25~30/m2；
3）Mycelia parent species are inoculated into fluid nutrient medium, inoculum concentration be 12~15%, in 19~21 DEG C of constant temperature lucifuge cultures 2~
3 days, then cultivated 3~5 days at 21~23 DEG C, obtain liquid spawn；
4）When step 2）Bacterium bed in after wood fibre gnaws 50~55% by termite, termite quantity is reduced to 0~10/m2, so
Afterwards by step 3）Liquid spawn be inoculated into bacterium bed, every square metre of 0.5~1kg of inoculum concentration, in 24~26 DEG C of lucifuge cultures 25
~30 days, when the long full charge layer of mycelia, thin sand and soil thick 2~3cm of covering, ventilation, keep indoor air relative humidity 70~
85%, 16~20 DEG C of temperature, when stem length is 8~10cm, harvesting.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1）In, the mixing of benzoic acid and rhamnolipid
In the aqueous solution, the mass fraction of benzoic acid and rhamnolipid is respectively 0.5~1.0% and 0.3~0.6%.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In, described sand grains, particle diameter be 0.05~
1mm, wherein sand mass content are 50~55%.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In, wood fibre, length be 12~
20mm, 2~5mm of diameter；Lignocellulose raw material is the one or more in bagasse, pine, China fir.
5. cultural method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Lignocellulose raw material is mass ratio 2:2:1 sugarcane
Slag, pine, China fir mixture.
6. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step by step rapid 2）In, described termite is 1:1.5~2
Coptotermes formosanus and reticulitermes flavipe.
7. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step by step rapid 3）In, fluid nutrient medium is：Agar 10~
15g, 20~25g of sucrose, 2.5~3.0mg of sodium formate, 1~2.5mg of Vc, purslane extract 200ml, distilled water 800ml, pH are
6.5~7.5；Purslane extract is directly squeezed the juice by fresh purslane.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110972810A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 枞遍天下(山东)农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for black collybia albuminosa edible fungi for avoiding infectious microbe infection |
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