CN106701591A - Novel method for commercial large-field cultivation of morchella - Google Patents
Novel method for commercial large-field cultivation of morchella Download PDFInfo
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- CN106701591A CN106701591A CN201510771925.0A CN201510771925A CN106701591A CN 106701591 A CN106701591 A CN 106701591A CN 201510771925 A CN201510771925 A CN 201510771925A CN 106701591 A CN106701591 A CN 106701591A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biologics, and relates to a novel method for commercial large-field cultivation of morchella. A mother strain is prepared through tissue cell separation and culture by adopting a clone technique. A formula of an original strain comprises 50-60% of wheat, 10-15% of wheat bran, 20-25% of soil, 2% of gypsum and 2% of calcium superphosphate, and the water content is 60-65%; bottling, sterilization and inoculation with the mother strain are performed. A cultivation strain is prepared by adding 1% of gypsum and 1% of white sugar into 70-80% of plant organic matters and 10-15% of wheat bran, the water content is 60-65%; bagging, sterilization, inoculation and culturing are implemented. A novel cultivation method comprises the following steps: farming a rice field, sowing strain seeds of the morchella, and covering with a plastic film to keep the temperature and the dampness, wherein the arboricity is 70-90%, the temperature is 5-20 DEG C, the soil water content is 60-65%, and the relative humidity of air is 80-95%. The method is implemented till the mushroom is harvested. The novel method is low in cost and good in effect, and morchella of which the quality is completely same as that of wild morchella can be cultivated with the method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, a kind of artificial crop field commercialization of wild toadstool is referred to
The new technology of cultivation, carries out artificial bio-membrane's cloning process, in aseptic condition by gathering wild toadstool
Under carry out cell tissue separation, obtain the strain excellent of hickory chick, particularly hickory chick crop field commercialization
New method for cultivating.
Background technology
Early in 1883, the country such as English, U.S., method started cultivation research to the research of hickory chick artificial cultivation,
When spend more than 100 years all without completely it is successful, until in April, 1986, one, U.S. college professor
R0m 0wer first have declared hickory chick artificial cultivation patent of invention, and this technology had been shocked entirely at that time
The world, regrettably he do not wait until former weeks of patent issuance also, just murdered in San Francisco, from this
This patent has been broken off implementing.After 2 years, in June, 1988, another of U.S. college professor san
R0naid (had once served as assistant) with R0m professors 0wer, and the invention that hickory chick artificial cultivation has been declared again is special
Profit, but this patent oneself cross more than 10 years, be still not carried out the commercialization of field production wild toadstool
Method.
By purification and rejuvenation, morchella mother culture is turned out, then by different raw materials, different formulations,
The raw material and formula of the parent species, original seed and cultigen of the mycelial growth of suitable hickory chick are developed in contrast,
Made morchella mother culture, original seed and cultigen, on cultural method, by 23 years grope experiment
Failure more than 1000 time, has summed up advanced cultural method, obtains hickory chick in crop field business
The success of industryization cultivation；Hickory chick is a kind of very rare rare edible mushroom, and it is mainly grown in greatly
Among the forest of mountain area, 1 year only it is long once, due to by regional condition and resource etc. limitation, yield seldom,
Collection is very difficult.1,500 1 1800 yuan of existing market price per kilogram, product main exit West Europe
Country, needs a large amount of sources of goods；The effect of hickory chick：Hickory chick is mushroom very rare in the world, and category is high
Level tonic food, containing rich in protein, polysaccharide, carbohydrate, multivitamin and more than 20
Amino acid and trace element are planted, with kidney tonifying, establishing-Yang, the function of mending brain, refresh oneself；Smart deficiency of the kidney is damaged,
Impotence is not lifted, hypogona dism, sexual desire indifference have obvious effect, long-term consumption can cancer-resisting,
Suppress tumour, preventing cold, the effect of enhancing body immunity, medically have weight with health care
The Development volue wanted.
Hickory chick nutrition：Hickory chick fresh and dried equal edible is unique flavor, delicious flavour, tender crisp
Good to eat, vegetal pole horn of plenty.According to surveying and determination：Hickory chick containing protein 22%, crude fat 3.82%,
Amino acid is up to kind more than 20, containing 47.47%, particularly to 8 kinds of amino acid contents needed by human
It is very high, the 44.14% of total amino acid content is accounted for, multivitamin and Mineral element content are also extremely rich
Richness, is described as the hat of food.
Hickory chick is both the treasure in feast, is again the good medicine having long enjoyed a good reputation in medicine, Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.)《This
Careless detailed outline》Recording hickory chick is used to treat various stomach trouble.Past people are using hickory chick as presenting emperor respectfully
Nourishing tribute, nowadays oneself turn into the luxury food of the outlet Western European countries, be it is a kind of without any hormone,
Natural health-care products without any side effects, are the optimal good health and a long life food of the mankind.
The famous edible mushroom expert of China, Mianyang City edible mushroom research institute of Sichuan Province Zhu Douxi teaches, and is
The earliest people of studies in China hickory chick, he existed for 1992 first from the hickory chick that begins one's study in 1985
Field use pure culture is cultivated successfully, and the cultivation of pilot scale in the wild in 2000 is achieved successfully, obtains state
Family's patent of invention (patent No.：ZL00112812.4, but also there is investment height in this method, and operation is multiple
It is miscellaneous, the yield factors of instability, therefore cannot also realize that wild toadstool carries out commercialization cultivation in crop field
Training.
The content of the invention
The present invention is realized with following technical scheme：
1. the biological cloning cell isolation method of hickory chicks；
2. the specific culture environment condition of hickory chicks and acclimation method；
8. morchella mother cultures are formulated and preparation method；
4. the original seed formula and preparation method of hickory chicks；
5. the cultigen formula and preparation method of hickory chicks；
6. the crop field commercialization of hickory chicks is cultivated and management method.
Specific embodiment
This method refers to new technology of the wild toadstool in crop field commercialization cultivation.It includes wild sheep tripe
The acquisition method of bacterium, biological cloning technology, cell tissue separation method, the strain making side of hickory chick
Method, including parent species make, original seed make, cultigen make etc. method.Spawn incubation condition and culture
Technology, the crop field commercialization sowing cultivation and management of hickory chick, until technical methods such as fruiting harvestings,
Specific embodiment is as follows：A kind of collection of wild delicious hickory chick and biological cloning cell tissue are separated
Method：In wild toadstool fruiting season, collection piece is big, meat is thick, healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm and in strong
The fresh hickory chick in age, carries out biological cloning and cell tissue is separated.The PDA culture medium that separation is used
For：200 grams of cinnamomum camphora wood chip, 25 grams of glucose, 25 grams of agar, 2 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid
2 grams of magnesium, VB, l grams, 1000 milliliters of water.
Method is：First cinnamomum camphora wood chip is boiled 30 minutes, juice is filtered to take, adds above-mentioned raw materials to boil to thawing
After dispense test tube, sealing, sterilizing.After being maintained 90 minutes through 1.5 pounds of pressure of high-pressure sterilizing pot, take advantage of
Heat puts into inclined-plane, and gradient is advisable for the 2/3 of test tube.Hickory chick separation is can be used as after cooling to use
PDA culture medium.
Separation method is：Aseptically or in inoculating hood, PDA culture medium test tube number branch is put into,
By fresh hickory chick and the instrument of inoculation, blade etc., with being put into inoculating hood after 75% alcohol disinfecting,
Space disinfection in case is carried out 5 grams of potassium permanganate and 10 milliliters of formaldehyde are mixed.Start after 30 minutes
Clone and separate.Hickory chick is cut into 2-3mm fritter cell tissues with blade, is put into PDA culture medium.
It is placed in 5-20 DEG C of temperature ranges, 5-7 days hyphal developments of culture are completed, then by taming, purifying,
Morchella mother culture is trained after tube.
A kind of making cultural method of hickory chick original seed：Raw material and formula：Wheat 50-60%, wheat
Bran 10 one 15%, fine grained soil 20-25%, gypsum l%, calcium superphosphate foretells 2%, water content
60-65%, it is fitted into 750 grams of vial, sealing, sterilizing, temperature is in one 120 DEG C of guarantors of l () ()
Hold 3-8 hours.It is inoculated with after cooling.Inoculation method be in inoculating hood or aseptic condition under carry out,
The pedigree seed culture medium after sterilizing is first put into inoculating hood, by transfer needle and morchella mother culture with 75%
After alcohol disinfecting, it is put into inoculating hood, is then produced with the 10 milliliters of mixing of 5 grams of potassium permanganate and formaldehyde
Gas carries out space disinfection, and inoculation is started after 30 minutes.
Every parent species can connect 5-8 bottles of original seed, be placed in after inoculation under 5-20 DEG C of temperature conditionss, culture 20
- 30 days, complete original seed.
A kind of making of hickory chick cultivation strain and cultural method：Raw material and formula：Plant organic matter
Or straw powder 70-80%, wheat bran or rice bran 10 one 15%, gypsum l%, lime l%, water content
60-65%, load 17 × 33cm plastic bag sealings, sterilizing.Normal pressure is at l () () DEG C maintained above 8
Hour, high pressure is kept for 90 minutes under 1.5 pounds of pressure, is inoculated with after cooling.Every bag of original seed can connect
50-80 bottles of cultigen, is cultivated in the environment of being placed on 5-20 DEG C after inoculation, and mycelia is covered with 20-30 days
Full bag can cultivation.
A kind of hickory chick crop field commercialization cultivation sowing and management collecting method：It is characterized in that selectively
The flat rice terrace of gesture, after rice harvesting is finished, carries out farming, it is desirable to which grogs is thinner, then by field
High-temperature sterilization, sterilization, or medicated disinfecting sterilization are carried out to soil, the cultivation of hickory chick is broadcast after sterilization
Strain, every square metre is broadcast 500 grams of strain, after planting every 1.2 1 1.5 meter of one railway carriage or compartment trench digging, with modeling
Material film covering and heat insulating, moisturizing.To prevent the sun to be exposed to the sun, also with straw shed or sunshade net and shade is built
Canopy, cloudy degree is 70-90%, and plastic sheeting is opened during fruiting, and it is 60-65 to keep soil moisture content
%, relative air humidity be 80-95%, temperature be 5-20 DEG C in the range of, until fruiting to harvest.
The present invention is entirely different with other similar cultural methods in the past, present method solves wild sheep tripe
Bacterium cannot be commercialized the world-technology problem of cultivation in crop field in the past, and this is that a hickory chick is artificial
The great technological break-through of cultivation, it is not limited by the condition and resource in area, in any field
Crop field can all carry out artificial cultivation.That a kind of cost is very low, raw material sources enrich, fruiting relatively stablize,
Yield is higher, the preferable new method for cultivating of quality.
The applicant is by experimental study for many years and constantly brings forth new ideas, and has invented a kind of suitable for crop field cultivation
The new method of wild toadstool is trained, it includes the environment condition of culture for adapting to and growth control condition, training
Support sill and scientific formula, cultural method, administrative skill etc..
Culture medium plant organic matter used by this method one be broad leaf tree wood chip or straw kind, such as cotton
It is seed shell, corncob, cornstalk, bagasse, peanut shell, straw, wheat straw, branch, leaf, small
Wheat, cereal etc..
Aid nutrition matrix in culture medium used by this method is wheat bran, rice bran, corn flour and other
Nutritional agents etc..
Soil used by this method is one soil, is loam or humus soil, and soil is the weight of fruiting
Wanting composition, soil can recycle completely.
This method except big Tanaka cultivation in the wild, can also in the earth, the woods on the ground, under fruit tree or people
Work cool canopy is cultivated.
The method have the characteristics that raw material innovation, formula innovation, process innovation etc., it shows as
Low production cost, operation is simple, and yield is high, and income is big, the characteristics of quality is good, is entirely capable of cultivating
With wild toadstool identical product, this method reached the purpose of innovation.
Claims (5)
1. claim 1：Hickory chick biological cloning technology；It is the fructification with fresh hickory chick aseptic
Under the conditions of, carry out histocyte separation.The histocyte of 2-3mm diameters is cut, is placed in PDA culture medium,
Cultivated through under certain environmental conditions.
2. the parent species PDA culture medium of hickory chick according to claim 1 is formulated；Potato, moyashi,
200 grams of cinnamomum camphora wood chip (any selection is a kind of), 25 grams of agar, 25 grams of glucose, 2 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
2 grams of magnesium sulfate, VB, 1 gram, 1000 milliliters of water, by dissolving, tubulature, high-temperature sterilization, inoculation, training
Support.
3. hyphostoma development certain environmental conditions of hickory chick according to claim 1, temperature is 5
In the range of-20 DEG C, substratess water content 60-65%, the sporophore growth specific environment of hickory chick, temperature
It is that in the range of 5-20 DEG C, relative air humidity is 80-95%.
4. hickory chick Medium for original variety according to claim 3；Wheat 50-60%, wheat bran
10 one 15%, fine grained soil 20-25%, gypsum foretells 2%, and calcium superphosphate foretells 2%, and water content 60-
65%, bottling, sealing, sterilizing.100 1 120 DEG C of temperature, is kept for 3-8 hours, aseptic after cooling
Under the conditions of be inoculated with.
5. hickory chick Cultivar culture medium according to claim 1 is formulated, with plant organic matter or tangerine bar
Powder 70-80%, wheat bran or rice bran 10 one 15%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, water content 60-65%,
Load 17 × 33c：In m polybags, sealing, sterilizing.8 hours maintained above of 100 DEG C of normal pressure, high pressure
1.5 pounds of holdings, 90 points of kinds, are inoculated with after cooling, and cultivating under particular circumstances 20-30 days turns into cultigen.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510771925.0A CN106701591A (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Novel method for commercial large-field cultivation of morchella |
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| CN201510771925.0A CN106701591A (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Novel method for commercial large-field cultivation of morchella |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107371785A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-11-24 | 杭州千岛湖鑫丰菇业有限公司 | A kind of method of artificial cultivation hickory chick comprehensive utilization |
| CN108887088A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-27 | 卢氏县东明镇陈永生食用菌原种厂 | The formula and its method and preparation method of a kind of five kinds of culture mediums of hickory chick production of hybrid seeds cultivation |
| CN112772295A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-11 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Preparation method of morchella liquid strain and improved cultivar |
| CN114698504A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-07-05 | 杨缤 | Morchella cultivation method |
-
2015
- 2015-11-12 CN CN201510771925.0A patent/CN106701591A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107371785A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-11-24 | 杭州千岛湖鑫丰菇业有限公司 | A kind of method of artificial cultivation hickory chick comprehensive utilization |
| CN108887088A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-27 | 卢氏县东明镇陈永生食用菌原种厂 | The formula and its method and preparation method of a kind of five kinds of culture mediums of hickory chick production of hybrid seeds cultivation |
| CN112772295A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-11 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Preparation method of morchella liquid strain and improved cultivar |
| CN114698504A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-07-05 | 杨缤 | Morchella cultivation method |
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