CN107667775A - A kind of implantation methods of agrocybe - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of agrocybe Download PDFInfo
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- CN107667775A CN107667775A CN201710672615.2A CN201710672615A CN107667775A CN 107667775 A CN107667775 A CN 107667775A CN 201710672615 A CN201710672615 A CN 201710672615A CN 107667775 A CN107667775 A CN 107667775A
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Abstract
Embodiment of the invention discloses that a kind of implantation methods of agrocybe, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) cultivation season is chosen；(2) prepared by compost；(3) dispensing, pack；Using 15cm × 30cm cultivating bag, per packed siccative 300g；(4) sterilize：Sterilized with high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber；(5) sterilization inoculation；(6) cultural hypha：The bacterium bag that will be connected kind, move into culturing room and carry out grand style stacking, general 6~8 layers, overlay film, after 15~20d of bacterium germination, inoculation mouth mycelia is spread to surrounding, blocks charge level, should now carry out turning inspection, and turning radiating want during bacterium germination, transposition, makes bacterium germination uniform；(7) management of producing mushroom.A kind of implantation methods of agrocybe provided by the invention, the large-scale planting agrocybe of more high-yield high-quality amount can be obtained, its planting cost is controllable, and larger economic benefit is brought to planting household.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agrocybe planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of agrocybe.
Background technology
Agrocybe is called Agrocybe chaxingu, tea mushroom, Agrocybe aegerita, Liu Songgu, Agroeybe cylindracea mycelia, is a kind of edible and medical fungi, and cap is thin
It is tender, handle is crisp, it is pure fragrant, tasty to hide, because it is wild in tea oil tree it is dried-up on also gain the name agrocybe.Agroeybe cylindracea mycelia nutrition is rich
Richness, protein content are high, containing a variety of essential amino acids, and containing abundant B family vitamin and potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium,
The mineral elements such as iron, zinc.Agroeybe cylindracea mycelia has the effect of heat-clearing, soothing the liver, improving eyesight, diuresis, invigorating the spleen.Agroeybe cylindracea mycelia is current
One of developable ten kinds of rare mushrooms.
Agrocybe is nutritious, 18 containing needed by human body kind amino acid, can not particularly be synthesized containing human body 8 kinds
The nutritional ingredients such as amino acid, glucan, mycoprotein, carbohydrate, its mushroom handle is tender and crisp tasty and refreshing, fragrant taste.Also abundant B
Family vitamin and multi mineral prime element, such as iron, potassium, zinc, selenium element are all higher than other mushrooms.Through examining, every 100 grams dry
Contain 28.9 grams of protein in product, amino acid content is up to 25.56 grams.The traditional Chinese medical science think the mushroom have kidney tonifying, diuresis, control the soreness of waist pain,
Excreting dampness, invigorating the spleen, antidiarrheal and other effects, it is hypertension, angiocarpy and the ultimate food of obesity patient.Its delicious flavour, it is tender and crisp can
Mouthful, there is preferable health-care effect again, be one of delicious rare edible mushroom.
But because agrocybe cultivation history is not grown, the problems such as pollution rate is high, yield poorly, poor quality is still suffered from cultivation.
The content of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of agrocybe, including such as
Lower step：
(1) cultivation season is chosen；
(2) prepared by compost；
(3) dispensing, pack；Using 15cm × 30cm cultivating bag, per packed siccative 300g；
(4) sterilize：Sterilized with high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber；
(5) sterilization inoculation：(5a) parent species make, and dispense and sterilize according to Mother culture based formulas, aseptically cut stem
It is short, in stem and cingula junction, the fritter of cutting tissue one, in transposing to slant medium, it is subsequently placed in 25 ± 2 DEG C of insulating boxs
Middle culture, it is parent species to treat that mycelia covers with inclined-plane, and parent species cultivate 7d or so under 26 DEG C of constant temperature；(5b) original seed makes, and adopts
The original seed made of sawdust medium, put and 7d or so is cultivated under 25 DEG C or so constant temperature；(5c) cultigen makes, using wood chip
Or the strain of cotton seed hulls culture matrix manufacturing is placed at 24-28 DEG C and cultivates 30d or so；
(6) cultural hypha：The bacterium bag that will be connected kind, move into culturing room and carry out grand style stacking, general 6~8 layers, overlay film, bacterium germination 15
After~20d, inoculation mouth mycelia spreads to surrounding, blocks charge level, should now carry out turning inspection, turning is wanted during bacterium germination
Radiating, transposition, makes bacterium germination uniform；
(7) management of producing mushroom：When mycelia covers with bacterium bag, bacterium bag is moved to management of producing mushroom is carried out in phjytotron；Bacterium bag is moved
Enter phjytotron to carry out harvesting first mushroom for 10 days~15 days；Harvesting second batch is carried out after the harvesting of first mushroom within 13 days~17 days
Mushroom；Carry out within 10 days~12 days harvesting the 3rd batch of mushroom after the harvesting of second batch mushroom.
Preferably, concrete operations include in the step (1)：Spring temperature reaches 20 DEG C or fall temperature is down to 25 DEG C
Fruiting is more suitable.
Preferably, concrete operations include in the step (1)：Fujian east regional culture period is, on January 20 or so bag, 4
Fruiting between the 20-5 months 10 moon；Or 10 days or so bags of September, fruiting between 18-December 15 November.
Preferably, compost preparation specifically includes in the step (2)：Culture material formula is according to mass percent：Rice
Grass 10%, ramulus mori bits 60%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 5%, tea seed episperm powder 4%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime 5%.
Preferably, compost preparation specifically includes in the step (2)：The water content of above-mentioned formula is 60%, natural PH
Value, autumn culture should add 0.1-0.2% carbendazim.
Preferably, compost preparation specifically includes in the step (2)：Culture material formula is according to mass percent：Cotton
Seed shell 62%, weed tree sawdust 15%, wheat bran 20%, calcium carbonate 1.5%, lime 1.5%, grasp Compost moisture content 63%~
65%.
Preferably, step (21) is also included between the step (2) and step (3)：Selected scenes and sterilization, agrocybe use room
The method of inside and outside cultivation, completed from bacterium germination to fruiting in unified mushroom house, mushroom house requires clean hygiene, away from workshop, warehouse and
The blue house of domestic birds and animals, is easily controlled temperature and light transmission is good.
Preferably, step (21) is also included between the step (2) and step (3)：, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive desinsection before cultivation
And sterilization, manually sweep first, mushroom house is cleaned up, then with 500-800 times of DDVP spray solution desinsection, every 3-5d
And then with sulphur or formalin fumigation.
Preferably, the Mother culture based formulas is：Potato 200g, glucose 20g, agar 20g, water 1000ml, from
Right PH values.
Preferably, the Mother culture based formulas is：Potato 200g, glucose 5g, sucrose 5g, agar 20g, wheat bran
50g, magnesium sulfate 0.15g, water 1000ml, natural pH value.
Beneficial effect：
A kind of implantation methods of agrocybe provided by the invention, the large-scale planting tea tree of more high-yield high-quality amount can be obtained
Mushroom, its planting cost is controllable, and larger economic benefit is brought to planting household.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below.
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of implantation methods of agrocybe, comprise the following steps：
(1) cultivation season is chosen；
(2) prepared by compost；
(3) dispensing, pack；Using 15cm × 30cm cultivating bag, per packed siccative 300g；
(4) sterilize：Sterilized with high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber；
(5) sterilization inoculation：(5a) parent species make, and dispense and sterilize according to Mother culture based formulas, aseptically cut stem
It is short, in stem and cingula junction, the fritter of cutting tissue one, in transposing to slant medium, it is subsequently placed in 25 ± 2 DEG C of insulating boxs
Middle culture, it is parent species to treat that mycelia covers with inclined-plane, and parent species cultivate 7d or so under 26 DEG C of constant temperature；(5b) original seed makes, and adopts
The original seed made of sawdust medium, put and 7d or so is cultivated under 25 DEG C or so constant temperature；(5c) cultigen makes, using wood chip
Or the strain of cotton seed hulls culture matrix manufacturing is placed at 24-28 DEG C and cultivates 30d or so；
(6) cultural hypha：The bacterium bag that will be connected kind, move into culturing room and carry out grand style stacking, general 6~8 layers, overlay film, bacterium germination 15
After~20d, inoculation mouth mycelia spreads to surrounding, blocks charge level, should now carry out turning inspection, turning is wanted during bacterium germination
Radiating, transposition, makes bacterium germination uniform；
(7) management of producing mushroom：When mycelia covers with bacterium bag, bacterium bag is moved to management of producing mushroom is carried out in phjytotron；Bacterium bag is moved
Enter phjytotron to carry out harvesting first mushroom for 10 days~15 days；Harvesting second batch is carried out after the harvesting of first mushroom within 13 days~17 days
Mushroom；Carry out within 10 days~12 days harvesting the 3rd batch of mushroom after the harvesting of second batch mushroom.
Further, phjytotron does not need illumination, and is arranged to dark；The temperature setting of the phjytotron is
20 DEG C~30 DEG C；The humidity of the phjytotron is arranged to 80%~90%；The gas concentration lwevel of the phjytotron
It is arranged to 8000ppm~15000ppm.
Preferably, concrete operations include in the step (1)：Spring temperature reaches 20 DEG C or fall temperature is down to 25 DEG C
Fruiting is more suitable.
Preferably, concrete operations include in the step (1)：Fujian east regional culture period is, on January 20 or so bag, 4
Fruiting between the 20-5 months 10 moon；Or 10 days or so bags of September, fruiting between 18-December 15 November.
Preferably, compost preparation specifically includes in the step (2)：Culture material formula is according to mass percent：Rice
Grass 10%, ramulus mori bits 60%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 5%, tea seed episperm powder 4%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime 5%.
Preferably, compost preparation specifically includes in the step (2)：The water content of above-mentioned formula is 60%, natural PH
Value, autumn culture should add 0.1-0.2% carbendazim.
Further, ramulus mori bits are ground into 1.5-2.5cm, and straw segment is 1-3cm, will have the material 1%- of wax
2% limewash immersion softening, to improve the utilization rate of compost and effectively killing germ and insect, it is necessary to carry out 3-7d heap
Fermentation process processed.
Preferably, compost preparation specifically includes in the step (2)：Culture material formula is according to mass percent：Cotton
Seed shell 62%, weed tree sawdust 15%, wheat bran 20%, calcium carbonate 1.5%, lime 1.5%, grasp Compost moisture content 63%~
65%.
Preferably, step (21) is also included between the step (2) and step (3)：Selected scenes and sterilization, agrocybe use room
The method of inside and outside cultivation, completed from bacterium germination to fruiting in unified mushroom house, mushroom house requires clean hygiene, away from workshop, warehouse and
The blue house of domestic birds and animals, is easily controlled temperature and light transmission is good.
Preferably, step (21) is also included between the step (2) and step (3)：, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive desinsection before cultivation
And sterilization, manually sweep first, mushroom house is cleaned up, then with 500-800 times of DDVP spray solution desinsection, every 3-5d
And then with sulphur or formalin fumigation.
Preferably, the Mother culture based formulas is：Potato 200g, glucose 20g, agar 20g, water 1000ml, from
Right pH value.
Preferably, the Mother culture based formulas is：Potato 200g, glucose 5g, sucrose 5g, agar 20g, wheat bran
50g, magnesium sulfate 0.15g, water 1000ml, natural pH value.
It should be added that：
Agrocybe growth conditions is summarized as follows：
In terms of nutrition：
Agrocybe is a kind of domestomycetes weaker to lignin, cellulose-decomposing ability, and wild tea trees mushroom is only born in tea oil tree
On, after domestication, make planting material using broad leaf trees such as tung oil tree, maple, willow, white poplars.Material is more loose, containing tannin
The convenient agrocybe growth of the less weed tree sawdust of composition.
Further, the nitrogen source as agrocybe such as wheat bran, rice bran can be made full use of.
Further, straw, cotton seed hulls can be as the carbon sources of agrocybe.
With single, double sugar it is optimal in carbon source.Its Utilization ability to starch, cellulose is weaker.
Further, agrocybe should have a small amount of white sugar in dispensing, in this way, its mycelial growth can be made vigorous.If closely contain
Glucose, then mycelial growth is more loose.
In terms of temperature：
Agrocybe belongs to middle warm type edible mushroom, and in PDA culture medium, spore can just be sprouted by 24h under 26 degrees celsius,
After 48h, the visible fine mycelia of naked eyes.The optimal temperature of mycelial growth is 23-28 degrees Celsius, if it exceeds 34
Degree Celsius, mycelia will stop growing.It can be preserved 3 months at subzero 4 degrees Celsius.
Fruit body primordium differentiation temperature range be 12-26 degrees Celsius, optimal temperature be 18-24 degrees Celsius, temperature compared with
The low or higher former base that can all postpone is broken up.When temperature is relatively low, sporophore growth is slow, but tissue is solid, and mushroom shape is preferable, quality
It is good；Temperature is higher, easy parachute-opening and the formation thin dry mushroom of long handle.
Moisture requirement：
The moisture content in medium of agrocybe cultivation should rest in 60%-65%, that is, be held by hand a culture medium, one pinch, refer to strength
Moistened between seam, somewhat there is water to pass, but do not left, finger is blocking after unclamping, and being scattered after landing is advisable.
During mycelial growth, below 70%, fruit-body formation puberty relative air humidity will for relative air humidity requirement
Reach 85%-95%, growth period suitably reduces, to extend the freshness date of agrocybe.
Api request：
Agrocybe belongs to gas consumption macro fungi, and very sensitive to carbon dioxide, air is bad, and gas concentration lwevel is too high, easily
Cause mycelial growth slow, fructification stem is slightly grown, and cingula is tiny, early parachute-opening, the harmful effect such as misshapen mushroom.
Illumination requirement：
Agrocybe is phototaxis fungi, and fructification has light growth characteristics, and the diffused light of adaptation is necessity of agrocybe growth
Condition, during Mycelium culture, still grown under no light condition, but not form fructification, because fructification does not have illumination
It is not easy to break up.
Acid-base value requirement：
Agrocybe mycelia likes weak acid environment, and pH value is advisable for 5.5-6.5.PH is below 4 or when more than 6.5, mycelia life
It is long sparse slow.
Strain makes explanation：
Firstth, parent species make (one-level kind)
Mother culture based formulas and making,
Formula one, potato 200g, glucose 20g, agar 20g, water 1000ml, natural pH value.
Formula two, potato 200g, glucose 5g, sucrose 5g, agar 20g, wheat bran 50g (to boil water), magnesium sulfate 0.15g,
Water 1000ml, natural pH value.
According to configuration packing sterilizing, aseptically stem is cut short, in stem and cingula junction, cutting tissue one
Fritter, in transposing to slant medium, it is subsequently placed in 25 ± 2 DEG C of insulating boxs and cultivates.It is parent species to treat that mycelia covers with inclined-plane.It is female
Kind cultivates 7d or so under 26 DEG C of constant temperature.
Secondth, original seed (two level kind)
The original seed made using sawdust medium, put and 7d or so is cultivated under 25 DEG C or so constant temperature.
3rd, cultigen (three-level kind)
It is placed in using the strain of wood chip or cotton seed hulls culture matrix manufacturing at 24-28 DEG C and cultivates 30d or so.
Tea tree mushroom strains require that mycelia is sturdy, and in the culture medium later stage, sparse weak thin if there is mycelia, material feeding is not thorough,
There is variegated spot or phenomena such as yellow water occur, be then not easy to eat.
Cultivation season selects
Agrocybe due to compared with high temperature resistance also low-temperature-resistant, therefore, in Fujian, Guangdong, Zhejiang most area, can plant throughout the year
Training.But Various Seasonal is cultivated, and its yield and quality are all different, therefore, cultivation agrocybe is wanted to obtain high-yield and high-efficiency, it is necessary to chooses
Culture time.
Further, spring temperature reach 20 DEG C or fall temperature to be down to 25 DEG C of fruitings more suitable.
Further, Fujian east regional culture period be, on January 20 or so bag, fruiting between the 20-5 months in April 10；Or 9
Month 10 days or so bags, fruiting between 18-December 15 November.
Selected scenes and sterilization
Agrocybe uses the method that indoor and outdoor is planted, and from bacterium germination to fruiting, (mushroom house) is completed in unified place, in this way, easy people
Industry control environment, management is convenient, can obtain good quality and high output.
Mushroom house requires clean hygiene, away from the blue house of workshop, warehouse and domestic birds and animals, is easily controlled temperature and light transmission
Well.
, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive desinsection and sterilization before cultivation, manually sweep first, mushroom house is cleaned up, then use 500-
800 times of DDVP spray solution desinsection.Every 3-5d and then with sulphur or formalin fumigation, to prevent miscellaneous bacteria
Grow.
Culture material formula is (according to mass percent)：
Formula one, weed tree sawdust 70%, wheat bran 20%, sugar 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, calcium carbonate 1%, land plaster 1%.
Formula two, weed tree sawdust 68%, wheat bran 15%, tea seed cake powder 15%, sugar 1%, land plaster 1%.
Formula three, weed tree sawdust 58%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wheat bran 20%, sugar 1%, land plaster 1%.
Formula four, weed tree sawdust 60%, bagasse 18%, wheat bran or rice bran 20%, calcium superphosphate 1%, land plaster 1%.
Formula five, weed tree sawdust 60%, corncob 20%, wheat bran or rice bran 19%, land plaster 1%.
Formula six, straw 10%, ramulus mori bits 60%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 5%, tea seed episperm powder 4%, calcium superphosphate
1%, lime 5%.(ramulus mori bits are ground into 1.5-2.5cm, and straw segment is 1-3cm, by the material for having wax with 1%-2%'s
Limewash immersion softening, to improve the utilization rate of compost and effectively killing germ and insect, it is necessary to carry out 3-7d composting hair
Ferment processing.) water content of above-mentioned formula is 60%, natural PH value, autumn culture should add 0.1-0.2% carbendazim, energy
Effectively improve yield.
Formula seven, cotton seed hulls 62%, weed tree sawdust 15%, wheat bran 20%, calcium carbonate 1.5%, lime 1.5%, grasp culture
Expect water content 63%~65%.
Beneficial effect：
A kind of implantation methods of agrocybe provided by the invention, preferably resolve the presence pollution rate height under prior art, produce
The problems such as measuring low, poor quality, can obtain the effect of the large-scale planting agrocybe of more high-yield high-quality amount, its planting cost can
Control, larger economic benefit is brought to planting household.
Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of agrocybe, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) cultivation season is chosen；
(2) prepared by compost；
(3) dispensing, pack；Using 15cm × 30cm cultivating bag, per packed siccative 300g；
(4) sterilize：Sterilized with high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber；
(5) sterilization inoculation：(5a) parent species make, and dispense and sterilize according to Mother culture based formulas, aseptically cut stem
It is short, in stem and cingula junction, the fritter of cutting tissue one, in transposing to slant medium, it is subsequently placed in 25 ± 2 DEG C of insulating boxs
Middle culture, it is parent species to treat that mycelia covers with inclined-plane, and parent species cultivate 7d or so under 26 DEG C of constant temperature；(5b) original seed makes, and adopts
The original seed made of sawdust medium, put and 7d or so is cultivated under 25 DEG C or so constant temperature；(5c) cultigen makes, using wood chip
Or the strain of cotton seed hulls culture matrix manufacturing is placed at 24-28 DEG C and cultivates 30d or so；
(6) cultural hypha：The bacterium bag that will be connected kind, move into culturing room and carry out grand style stacking, general 6~8 layers, overlay film, bacterium germination 15
After~20d, inoculation mouth mycelia spreads to surrounding, blocks charge level, should now carry out turning inspection, want turning to dissipate during bacterium germination
Heat, transposition, make bacterium germination uniform；
(7) management of producing mushroom：When mycelia covers with bacterium bag, bacterium bag is moved to management of producing mushroom is carried out in phjytotron；Bacterium bag is moved
Enter phjytotron to carry out harvesting first mushroom for 10 days~15 days；Harvesting second batch is carried out after the harvesting of first mushroom within 13 days~17 days
Mushroom；Carry out within 10 days~12 days harvesting the 3rd batch of mushroom after the harvesting of second batch mushroom.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of agrocybe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically grasped in the step (1)
Work includes：Spring temperature reach 20 DEG C or fall temperature to be down to 25 DEG C of fruitings more suitable.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of agrocybe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically grasped in the step (1)
Work includes：Fujian east regional culture period is, on January 20 or so bag, fruiting between the 20-5 months in April 10；Or September 10 days or so
Bag, fruiting between 18-December 15 November.
A kind of 4. implantation methods of agrocybe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that compost in the step (2)
Preparation specifically includes：Culture material formula is according to mass percent：Straw 10%, ramulus mori bits 60%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour
5%, tea seed episperm powder 4%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime 5%.
A kind of 5. implantation methods of agrocybe according to claim 4, it is characterised in that compost in the step (2)
Preparation specifically includes：The water content of above-mentioned formula is 60%, and natural PH value, autumn culture should add 0.1-0.2% more bacterium
Spirit.
A kind of 6. implantation methods of agrocybe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that compost in the step (2)
Preparation specifically includes：Culture material formula is according to mass percent：Cotton seed hulls 62%, weed tree sawdust 15%, wheat bran 20%, calcium carbonate
1.5%, lime 1.5%, grasp Compost moisture content 63%~65%.
7. the implantation methods of a kind of agrocybe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (2) and step (3)
Between also include step (21)：Selected scenes and sterilization, agrocybe use the method that indoor and outdoor is planted, from bacterium germination to fruiting in unified mushroom
Completed in room, mushroom house requires clean hygiene, away from the blue house of workshop, warehouse and domestic birds and animals, is easily controlled temperature and translucency
Can be good.
8. the implantation methods of a kind of agrocybe according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the step (2) and step (3)
Between also include step (21)：, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive desinsection and sterilization before cultivation, manually sweep first, mushroom house cleaned up,
Then with 500-800 times of DDVP spray solution desinsection, every 3-5d and then with sulphur or formalin fumigation.
A kind of 9. implantation methods of agrocybe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Mother culture based formulas
For：Potato 200g, glucose 20g, agar 20g, water 1000ml, natural pH value.
A kind of 10. implantation methods of agrocybe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Mother culture based formulas
For：Potato 200g, glucose 5g, sucrose 5g, agar 20g, wheat bran 50g, magnesium sulfate 0.15g, water 1000ml, natural pH value.
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| CN108391558A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-08-14 | 道真自治县康民生态农业专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of agrocybe |
| CN108450232A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-28 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | The method for cultivating agrocybe with mushroom mushroom bran |
| CN108713445A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-30 | 道真自治县康民生态农业专业合作社 | A kind of tea tree mushroom cultivation method |
| CN112673889A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-04-20 | 溆浦紫山菌业科技开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs |
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