CN112673889A - Method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs - Google Patents
Method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs Download PDFInfo
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- CN112673889A CN112673889A CN201910986395.XA CN201910986395A CN112673889A CN 112673889 A CN112673889 A CN 112673889A CN 201910986395 A CN201910986395 A CN 201910986395A CN 112673889 A CN112673889 A CN 112673889A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs, which comprises the following steps: crushing the tea seed dregs, and mixing the crushed tea seed dregs with hardwood sawdust, straw powder, cane sugar and gypsum to form a culture material; performing pile fermentation treatment on the compost to form a culture medium; uniformly mixing the components of the culture medium, binding, cooling after autoclaving, taking out, and transferring to a sterile room for cooling inoculation; transferring the inoculated culture medium into a culture room for hypha culture, and transferring to a mushroom-growing room for fruiting body growth after the hypha grows to full bags; and harvesting after the growth of the sporocarps is finished. The invention solves the problem of slow growth speed of edible fungi.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of edible fungus cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs.
Background
The edible fungi are accepted health foods in the world and are one of indispensable important vegetable varieties in the daily life of citizens, contain rich protein, nucleic acid, carbohydrate, cellulose, vitamin, mineral substances and the like, have high nutritional value, and have the health-care effects of resisting tumor activity, enhancing immunologic function, regulating blood fat, protecting liver, detoxifying, reducing blood sugar and the like. China is a large country for producing edible fungi, and the cultivation of the edible fungi becomes a good project for farmers in vast rural areas all over the country to lose poverty and become rich. For a long time, edible fungi are generally required to be cultured on hard rotten wood, and the growth period of thalli is long, and the corresponding culture efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs, which comprises the following steps: crushing the tea seed dregs, mixing the crushed tea seed dregs with hardwood sawdust, straw powder, sucrose and gypsum to form a culture material, and performing pile fermentation on the culture material to form a culture medium; uniformly mixing the components of the culture medium, binding, cooling after autoclaving, taking out, and transferring to a sterile room for cooling inoculation; transferring the inoculated culture medium into a culture room for hypha culture, and transferring to a mushroom-growing room for fruiting body growth after the hypha grows to full bags; and harvesting after the growth of the sporocarps is finished.
Preferably, the step of crushing the tea seed dregs comprises the following steps: soaking the tea seed residues in 1-2% lime water for 10-12 hours, drying in the sun to keep the water content at 10-15%, and crushing in a crusher to obtain particles with the diameter of less than 2 cm.
Preferably, the edible fungi are mainly straw rotting fungi and wood rotting fungi, such as oyster mushroom, shiitake mushroom, straw mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, agrocybe cylindracea and hericium erinaceus.
Preferably, the formula of the culture medium comprises 30-50% of hardwood sawdust, 15-25% of tea seed residues, 10-30% of sawdust, 10-15% of straw powder and 1-2% of gypsum powder.
Preferably, the water content of the culture medium is 40-55%, and the pH value is 7-7.5.
Preferably, the step of subjecting the compost to pile fermentation to form a culture medium further comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) piling the compost into a long pile with the width of 80-100 cm and the height of 80-100 cm, and arranging vent holes with the diameter of 5-10 cm every 30-50 cm; covering a sunshade net for fermentation, and turning the pile when the temperature reaches 60 ℃, wherein the fermentation time is 3-7 days.
Preferably, the growth temperature of the hypha culture is 20-25 ℃, and the relative air humidity is 40-50%.
Preferably, the temperature for the growth of the sporocarp is 15-28 ℃, and the relative humidity of air is 75-90%.
Preferably, the harvesting after the growth of the sporocarp is completed comprises the following steps: the edible fungi is kept ventilated during the harvesting period, and the relative humidity of air is kept between 65 and 75 percent during the harvesting period; and cleaning dead bacteria, residual stipes and broken pieces on the material surface after harvesting, spraying water for moisturizing, and flattening the material surface so as to recover the growth of hyphae.
According to the invention, the tea seed residues, the hardwood sawdust, the straw powder, the sucrose and the gypsum are mixed to prepare the culture medium, so that the decomposition of the thalli on lignin is accelerated, the growth speed of the thalli is improved, and in addition, the tea seed residues are added into the culture medium as a nitrogen source, so that the growth nutrition of the thalli is enriched.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs, which comprises the following steps:
s10, crushing the tea seed dregs, and mixing the crushed tea seed dregs with hardwood sawdust, straw powder, cane sugar and gypsum to form a culture material;
s20, performing pile fermentation treatment on the compost to form a culture medium;
s30, uniformly mixing the components of the culture medium, binding, cooling after autoclaving, taking out, and transferring to a sterile room for cooling inoculation;
s40, transferring the inoculated culture substrate into a culture room for hypha culture, and transferring the culture substrate out of a mushroom house for fruiting body growth after the hypha grows to full bags;
and S50, harvesting after the growth of the sporocarps is finished.
According to the invention, the tea seed residues, the hardwood sawdust, the straw powder, the sucrose and the gypsum are mixed to prepare the culture medium, so that the decomposition of the thalli on lignin is accelerated, the growth speed of the thalli is improved, and in addition, the tea seed residues are added into the culture medium as a nitrogen source, so that the growth nutrition of the thalli is enriched.
In this embodiment, the step of crushing the tea seed dregs comprises:
soaking the tea seed residues in 1-2% lime water for 10-12 hours, drying in the sun to keep the water content at 10-15%, and crushing in a crusher to obtain particles with the diameter of less than 2 cm.
Furthermore, the edible fungi mainly comprise straw rotting fungi and wood rotting fungi, such as oyster mushroom, shiitake mushroom, straw mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, agrocybe cylindracea and hericium erinaceus. In this example, the tea seed residue added to the medium as a nitrogen source is particularly suitable for growth of agrocybe aegerita.
Further, the formula of the culture medium comprises 30-50% of hardwood sawdust, 15-25% of tea seed residues, 10-30% of sawdust, 10-15% of straw powder and 1-2% of gypsum powder, wherein the water content of the culture medium is 40-55%, and the pH value is 7-7.5.
In another embodiment of the invention, the step of subjecting the compost to pile fermentation to form a culture medium further comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) piling the compost into a long pile with the width of 80-100 cm and the height of 80-100 cm, and arranging vent holes with the diameter of 5-10 cm every 30-50 cm; covering a sunshade net for fermentation, and turning the pile when the temperature reaches 60 ℃, wherein the fermentation time is 3-7 days.
Furthermore, the growth temperature of the hypha culture is 20-25 ℃, and the relative air humidity is 40-50%. The temperature for the growth of the sporocarp is 15-28 ℃, and the relative humidity of air is 75-90%.
The harvesting after the growth of the sporocarp comprises the following steps: the edible fungi is kept ventilated during the harvesting period, and the relative humidity of air is kept between 65 and 75 percent during the harvesting period; and cleaning dead bacteria, residual stipes and broken pieces on the material surface after harvesting, spraying water for moisturizing, and flattening the material surface so as to recover the growth of hyphae. And when the primordium of the sporocarp appears on the material surface, repeating the processes of growth and harvesting of the sporocarp, and harvesting 4-5 tide of mushrooms.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
crushing the tea seed dregs, and mixing the crushed tea seed dregs with hardwood sawdust, straw powder, cane sugar and gypsum to form a culture material;
performing pile fermentation treatment on the compost to form a culture medium;
uniformly mixing the components of the culture medium, binding, performing steam high-temperature sterilization, cooling, taking out, and transferring to a sterile room for cooling inoculation;
transferring the inoculated culture medium into a culture room for hypha culture, and transferring to a mushroom-growing room for fruiting body growth after the hypha grows to full bags;
and harvesting after the growth of the sporocarps is finished.
2. The method for cultivating edible fungi from tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of crushing the tea seed dregs comprises:
soaking the tea seed residues in 1-2% lime water for 10-12 hours, drying in the sun to keep the water content at 10-15%, and crushing in a crusher to obtain particles with the diameter of less than 1 cm.
3. The method for cultivating edible fungi from tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edible fungi are mainly straw rotting fungi and wood rotting fungi, such as Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, straw mushrooms, Pleurotus eryngii, Agrocybe aegerita and Hericium erinaceus.
4. The method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula of the culture medium comprises 30-50% of hardwood sawdust, 15-25% of tea seed dregs, 10-30% of straw powder, 10-15% of gypsum and 1-2% of sucrose.
5. The method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture medium has a water content of 40-55% and a pH of 7-7.5.
6. The method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of performing pile fermentation treatment on the compost to form a culture medium further comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) piling the compost into a long pile with the width of 80-100 cm and the height of 80-100 cm, and arranging vent holes with the diameter of 5-10 cm every 30-50 cm;
covering a sunshade net for fermentation, and turning the pile when the temperature reaches 60 ℃, wherein the fermentation time is 3-7 days.
7. The method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the growth temperature of the hypha culture is 20-25 ℃, and the relative air humidity is 40-50%.
8. The method for cultivating edible fungi by using tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature for growing the fruit body is 15-25 ℃, and the relative humidity of air is 75-90%.
9. The method for cultivating edible fungi from tea seed dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the harvesting after the growth of the sporophores is completed comprises the following steps:
the edible fungi is kept ventilated during the harvesting period, and the relative humidity of air is kept between 65 and 75 percent during the harvesting period;
and cleaning dead bacteria, residual stipes and broken pieces on the material surface after harvesting, spraying water for moisturizing, and flattening the material surface so as to recover the growth of hyphae.
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| CN114190232A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-03-18 | 贵州师范学院 | Hericium erinaceus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN114223462A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-03-25 | 贵州师范学院 | Flammulina velutipes culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN115316195A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-11 | 西双版纳天遇缘生物科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing black fungus nutrient medium from rubber wood |
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| CN114223462A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-03-25 | 贵州师范学院 | Flammulina velutipes culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN115316195A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-11 | 西双版纳天遇缘生物科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing black fungus nutrient medium from rubber wood |
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Application publication date: 20210420 |