KR20110045866A - Raw Material Medium Composition for Culturing Mushroom Using Cedar Sawdust and Mathod for Cultering Mushroom Using the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A medium raw material for cultivating mushrooms using cedar sawdust and rice bran, and a producing method thereof are provided to cultivate lentinus edodes, pleurotus ostreatus, and hericium erinaceum. CONSTITUTION: A medium raw material for cultivating mushrooms contains cedar sawdust as a main material, and a nutrient as a supplementary material. The medium raw material contains 20~90wt% of main material. The supplementary material includes one component selected from rice bran, citrus juice residue, and a cedar sawdust waste medium. The cedar sawdust waste medium is obtained from waste generated after cultivating lentinus edodes, pleurotus ostreatus, hericium erinaceus, or sparassis crispa.

Description

Raw material composition for mushroom cultivation and mushroom cultivation method using the same {Raw Material Medium Composition for Culturing Mushroom Using Cedar Sawdust and Mathod for Cultering Mushroom Using the Same}

The present invention relates to a medium raw material composition for mushroom cultivation using cedar sawdust and a method of cultivating mushrooms using the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a culture medium raw material composition for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, roe deer mushrooms, or blossom mushrooms using cedar, and a method of cultivating these mushrooms using the same.

Shiitake mushrooms are classified as Pleurotus eryngii or Matsutake or shiitake, which grows on the dry wood of hardwoods such as oaks, chestnuts and roe trees, and these hardwoods and oaks such as oak are widely used for artificial cultivation.

Pleurotus eryngii is also a native of various hardwoods, and the artificial cultivation of oyster mushrooms uses hardwoods such as poplar, willow, alder, or sawdust.

In the case of Roebuck beetle mushrooms, it grows in hardwoods as well, and artificial cultivation techniques using hardwood logs and sawdust have been introduced (Korean Patent Publication No. 2000-0021764; Yu Sung-yeol et al., Korean Journal of Mycology, Vol. 37, No. 1 (2009)). pp. 80-85).

However, the hardwoods used for the cultivation of these mushrooms are expensive and depending on the region, these logs are not native and difficult to purchase.

Therefore, the necessity of research on the utilization method of coniferous sawdust has emerged (Shieh Jui-Chung, et al., Mokuzai Gakkaishi, Volume 37 (1991)), and for the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, pine sawdust, aeration or cold acupuncture treatment, etc. The pine sawdust which has been used as a material of the medium has been tried (Park Kyung-mok et al., Korean Journal of Mycology, Vol. 22 No. 3 (1994) pp.222-228).

The present invention discloses a technique that can cultivate shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, roe deer mushrooms, or blossom mushrooms by using a cedar growing in large quantities on Jeju Island as a sawdust as a kind of conifers.

The present invention is to provide a medium raw material composition for the cultivation of shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom, zinnia mushroom using cedar sawdust.

The present invention is to provide a method for cultivating shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom or blossom mushroom using the medium raw material composition.

In one aspect, the present invention relates to a medium raw material composition for shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom, matsutake mushroom cultivation.

The present inventors (i) when mixing the cedar sawdust and rice bran in a weight ratio of 8: 2 to prepare a raw material composition for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, roe beet mushrooms or matsutake mushrooms and cultivating these mushrooms using the same, oak Compared to the cultivation of these mushrooms by mixing sawdust (poplar sawdust in case of elder mushroom) and rice bran in a weight ratio of 8: 2, there is no difference in the number of days of culture and growth, and also in the fruiting body hardness and biomass. It could be confirmed that there is no.

The culture medium raw material composition for cultivating shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe beet mushroom or zinnia mushroom (hereinafter referred to as "shiitake mushroom") is based on these experimental results, and the culture medium raw material composition for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms etc. according to the present invention is cedar as a main material. It includes sawdust, and it is characterized in that it comprises a nutrient source as a subsidiary material.

As used herein, the term "main material" means a material for mushrooms to be used as a carbon source (and nitrogen source), the ratio of which is contained in 20% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. In general, wood is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and mushrooms decompose these organic complexes and use them as carbon sources. The main ingredients used by mushrooms as carbon sources are sawdust (oak, aspen, poplar, beech, oak, sol oak, beech), softened chaff, beet pulp, waste noodles, or mixtures thereof. Is included in the medium at around 80% by weight based on the total weight of the medium. Therefore, as long as cedar sawdust is included in the medium raw material composition of the present invention in an amount of 20 wt% or more and 90 wt% or less, the sawdust, softened chaff, etc. used as the carbon source may be further included. The total content of these main materials is preferably about 80% by weight. Where cedar sawdust is included in the medium together with other main materials, the content of cedar sawdust in the composition of the present invention is 25% by weight, 30% by weight, 35% by weight, 40% by weight, 45% by weight at the lower limit thereof. It can be understood that at least 50 wt%, at least 55 wt%, at least 60 wt%, at least 65 wt%, at least 70 wt% or at least 75 wt%. To date, no cedar has been used as a main material in the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms and the like, and all such medium raw material compositions are included in the scope of the present invention as long as cedar sawdust is included in the medium raw material composition in the above-described range as the main material. Because it can be understood.

The main material may be used after fermentation in a natural state by fermentation. At this time, the fermentation period is usually 6 months or more, and when the temperature inside the sawdust is 60 ° C or more, the water is inverted two or three times in parallel. Such fermentation is intended to increase the utilization of sawdust by mushrooms by decomposing sawdust by naturally inoculated microorganisms. The term "fermentation in the natural state" means that no artificial manipulation is applied in temperature, humidity, CO ₂ concentration, inoculated microorganisms, the presence or absence of oxygen, and the like.

In the present specification, the "subsidiary material" is to provide minerals, trace elements and / or vitamins, etc. to the medium to promote mycelial growth, swelling or formation of fruiting bodies, or to increase the biomass of fruiting bodies, bran, bran, cottonseed foil, Dried paper, soybean hulls, octane powder, jade powder and the like and mixtures thereof are used as submaterials. Such submaterials can be understood as ingredients added to the medium in a range of 5% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less based on the total weight of the medium, and are typically included in the medium at about 20% by weight.

In the present specification, "sawdust" can be obtained with a sawdust maker in the market, the average particle size can be understood to be 5mm or less, preferably 0.5 to 3mm.

The medium raw material composition of the present invention is to be used for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms or roe deer mushrooms as additives for the purpose of promoting growth, enhancing functionality, strengthening the hardness of fruiting bodies, and increasing the quantity of raw materials such as cedar sawdust and other ingredients such as rice bran. And other known ingredients, such as green tea leaf powder, sugar, glucose, maltose, peptone, enzyme extract, starch, charcoal, activated carbon, rice flour, agar by-product, charcoal, pulp sulfite powder, calcium carbonate, lime And the like. "Included as an additive" as used herein means to be included in trace amounts, and numerically expressed to mean 0.1 to 15.0% by weight.

The medium raw material composition of the present invention can be used in all stages of mushroom cultivation, such as mycelial growth of shiitake mushrooms, fruiting body generation, fruiting body growth.

In a preferred aspect, the medium raw material composition of the present invention is a case where the main material comprises 65 to 85% by weight of cedar and 10 to 30% by weight of the subsidiary material. In the area where cedar grows in large quantities, especially in the case of Jeju Island, cedar is easy to purchase and economical, even when only cedar sawdust is used as the main material, as confirmed in the following Examples and Experimental Examples of the present invention. This is because there are no particular differences in the number of days of culture, the number of days of growth, and the yield of mushrooms.

On the other hand, in the medium raw material composition of the present invention, rice bran is preferable as the submaterial. This is because rice bran is widely used for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms and the like, and it is easy to purchase and economical.

As used herein, the term "rice bran" is a by-product obtained in the process of refining rice from brown rice to white rice, and refers to rice grains and a powder layer. It is to be understood that the rice bran and whistle layer are included in the rice bran even if they additionally include the rinds and / or seedlings forming rice bran (the outer shell of brown rice) and the external actor and / or the endosperm.

In particular, the present inventors were able to confirm that the hardness of fruiting bodies such as shiitake mushrooms is increased and the growth days are shortened by one to three days when citrus sake is used together with rice bran as an ingredient. Therefore, in this invention, it is preferable that a subsidiary material is used together or alone with citrus foil.

In the present specification, "citrus gourd" means that the whole citrus fruit including the fruit and the fruit is pressed after the juice is obtained and discarded, or only the fruit or the fruit is pressed and the juice is obtained and then discarded.

In addition, cedar sawdust waste medium used in the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, etc. of the present invention can also be used as a subsidiary material. Although not shown in the following Examples and Experimental Examples, according to the experience of the present inventors, when using the waste medium, the function as a sufficient nutrient source without using the rice bran. Specifically, the cedar sawdust waste medium may be understood to be discarded after the cultivation of shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom or zinnia mushroom as the main material of cedar.

Medium raw material composition of the present invention will be used as a medium for cultivation such as shiitake mushrooms by mixing with water to adjust the medium water content is usually 40 to 70% by weight. Wherein the weight percent is based on the total weight of the medium for cultivation, such as shiitake mushrooms, that can be used immediately for the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms. Cultivation medium such as shiitake mushrooms may be understood as a uniform mixture of the medium raw material composition and water of the present invention. If the moisture content is 40% or less, the hyphae of the hyphae is weakened. If the moisture content is 70% or more, the mycelial growth may be delayed, thereby increasing the hyphae culture time.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a cultivation method such as shiitake mushrooms using the medium raw material composition as described above.

Cultivation method of shiitake mushrooms and the like of the present invention comprises the steps of (a) supplying moisture to the medium raw material composition as described above to prepare a medium composition, (b) sterilizing the medium composition, (c) sterilized medium composition It comprises the step of cooling, (d) inoculating and incubating the mushroom spawn in the cooled medium composition, and (e) inducing the growth of fruiting body to grow.

In the method of the present invention, the water supply in step (a) is usually made so that the water content is 40 to 70% by weight based on the weight of the medium. As described above, the medium weight refers to a mixture of the medium raw material composition and water of the present invention.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, the sterilization step of the step (b) is preferably made so that the medium is sterile, sterilization method for making a sterile state in the art such as high temperature, high pressure sterilization, ultraviolet irradiation, infrared irradiation Known. Usually, the medium is sterilized by autoclaving at a temperature ranging from 100 ° C to 130 ° C for about 60 minutes to 150 minutes.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, the cooling step of (c) is a step of cooling the medium composition heated in the sterilization step to be suitable for spawn inoculation, which is a natural method (leaving at room temperature) or an artificial method. It is possible to, and the temperature is usually cooled to about 5 ~ 15 ℃.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, the seeding inoculation step of the step (d) is usually made of shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom and zinnia mushroom at a temperature of 20-25 ℃, humidity 60-75% In addition, the induction of the fruiting body of step (e) in the case of shiitake mushrooms at a temperature of 10-18 ℃, humidity 75-80%, in the case of oyster mushroom of 15-18 ℃, humidity 80-85% Under the conditions, the case of scab mushroom and blossom mushroom is made at the temperature of 18 ~ 23 ℃, humidity of 80 ~ 90%, and the step of growing fruiting body of step (e) after the induction of fruiting is the In the case of temperature 12-18 degrees Celsius, the humidity of 85-90%, in the case of oyster mushroom, in the conditions of 17-20 degrees Celsius, the humidity of 85-90%, in the case of presser mushroom and flower mushroom, temperature 18-20 degrees Celsius It is made under conditions of 85 ~ 90% humidity.

In addition, in the method of the present invention, after the seeding inoculation of step (d) may include a step of scraping the bacteria. Bacterial scraping is a step of scraping the inoculum inoculated into the medium prior to the induction of mushroom development and injuring new mycelia on the surface of the medium. Such bacterium scraping is generally known to increase the incidence of mushrooms.

Any method of cultivation, such as bag cultivation, bottle cultivation, fungus cultivation, box cultivation, can be applied to the method of the present invention.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a medium raw material composition for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms using cedar sawdust and a cultivation method of these mushrooms using the same.

The cultivation method of the raw material composition of the present invention and shiitake mushrooms using such a raw material composition is a cultivation method with no particular difference in the number of days of cultivation, the number of days of growth, the yield, etc., compared to the cultivation method using oak sawdust.

In particular, the present invention can improve the efficiency of surplus forest resources and prevent oaks from overgrowing forest resources by diversifying medium raw materials, and also by increasing the productivity of mushrooms by reducing the logistical procurement logistics costs by utilizing forest resources existing in the region. You can increase it.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

<Examples> Preparation of Shiitake Mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii and Nordic Mushroom Culture Medium Using Cedar Sawdust and Cultivation of Mushroom Using the Same

Example 1 Preparation of Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation Medium and Cultivation of Shiitake Mushroom

The cedar sawdust obtained by grinding with a sawdust maker was uniformly stirred and mixed with rice bran at a weight ratio of 8: 2, and then the medium moisture content was adjusted to 45 to 55% to prepare shiitake mushroom cultivation medium.

The prepared medium was filled in a culture vessel (material: polyethylene) to a volume of 2/3, and then autoclaved and sterilized at a temperature of 121 ° C. for 90 to 100 minutes, and cooled to 15 ° C. in a sterile chamber. Then, the seedlings were inoculated at a clean booth at 3 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the medium, and cultured in a culture chamber having a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. and a humidity of 65 to 75%, thereby adhering to mycelia. After cultivating mycelia, germination is induced in the germination chamber controlled at a temperature of 10-18 ℃ and a humidity of 75% -80%, and then transferred to a growth chamber controlled at a temperature of 12-18 ℃ and a humidity of 85-90% and grown until harvesting. I was.

Example 2 Preparation of Pleurotus cultivation Medium and Cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii

Cedar sawdust and rice bran were uniformly stirred and mixed at a weight ratio of 8: 2, and then the medium moisture content was adjusted to 55-65% to prepare a culture medium for oyster mushrooms.

The prepared medium was filled in a culture vessel (material: polyethylene) to a volume of 2/3, and then autoclaved and sterilized at a temperature of 121 ° C. for 90 to 100 minutes, and cooled to 15 ° C. in a sterile chamber. Then, seedlings were inoculated at a clean booth at 3 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the medium, and cultured in a culture chamber adjusted to a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. and a humidity of 65 to 75%, thereby adhering to mycelia. After the mycelia were swelled, the germination was induced in the germination chamber adjusted to a temperature of 15 to 18 ° C. and a humidity of 80 to 65%, and then transferred to a growth chamber controlled to a temperature of 17 to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 85 to 90% and grown until harvesting. .

<Example 3> Preparation of the hemper cultivation medium and cultivation of the hemper mushroom

Cedar sawdust and rice bran were uniformly stirred and mixed at a weight ratio of 8: 2, and then the medium moisture content was adjusted to 55-65% to prepare a medium for growing fungus.

The prepared medium was filled in a culture vessel (material: polyethylene) to a volume of 2/3, and then autoclaved and sterilized at a temperature of 121 ° C. for 90 to 100 minutes, and cooled to 15 ° C. in a sterile chamber. Then, seedlings were inoculated at a clean booth at 3 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the medium, and cultured in a culture chamber adjusted to a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. and a humidity of 65 to 75%, thereby adhering to mycelia. After the mycelia were swelled, the germination was induced in a germination chamber adjusted to a temperature of 18 to 23 ° C. and a humidity of 80 to 90%, and then transferred to a growth room controlled to a temperature of 18 to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 85 to 90% and grown until harvesting. .

Example 4 Preparation of Flower Mushroom Cultivation Medium and Cultivation of Flower Mushroom

Cedar sawdust and rice bran were uniformly stirred and mixed at a weight ratio of 8: 2, and then the medium moisture content was adjusted to 55-65% to prepare a culture medium for flowering mushrooms.

The prepared medium was filled in a culture vessel (material: polyethylene) to a volume of 2/3, and then autoclaved and sterilized at a temperature of 121 ° C. for 90 to 100 minutes, and cooled to 15 ° C. in a sterile chamber. Then, seedlings were inoculated at a clean booth at 3 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the medium, and cultured in a culture chamber adjusted to a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. and a humidity of 65 to 75%, thereby adhering to mycelia. After the mycelia were swelled, the germination was induced in a germination chamber adjusted to a temperature of 18 to 23 ° C. and a humidity of 80 to 90%, and then transferred to a growth room controlled to a temperature of 18 to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 85 to 90% and grown until harvesting. .

<Examples 5 and 6> Cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii and Blossom Mushrooms Using Citrus Fructus with Rice Bran

In the same manner as in <Examples 1 to 4> cultivated oyster mushrooms and blossom mushrooms, mushrooms were cultivated using a 1: 1 weight ratio of rice bran and citrus fruit instead of rice bran.

Comparative Example Cultivation of Shiitake, Pleurotus eryngii, and Rhododendron Mushrooms Using Oak Sawdust

Shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms and roe deer mushrooms were grown using oak sawdust, which is widely used for the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms and roe deer mushrooms. The oak sawdust and rice bran were mixed at a weight ratio of 8: 2 to form a medium, and the cultivation method thereafter was the same as in <Examples 1 to 4>.

Experimental Example Measurement of culture date and growth date, biomass measurement and fruiting body hardness

Experimental Example 1 Culture Date and Growth Date

When mushrooms were cultivated by the methods of Examples and Comparative Examples, the fruit diameter of the fruiting body was about 7 cm, shiitake mushrooms were about 2.5 cm, and when the roe deer mushroom was about 7 cm, the flower mushroom was 10 cm. When harvested, the culture and growth dates were measured until harvesting and are shown in Table 1 below.

Incubation date and growth date division Incubation days Growth Shiitake mushrooms of <Example 1> 40-50 10-20 Shiitake mushrooms of the comparative example 40-40 10-20 Oyster Mushroom of <Example 2> 20 5 to 10 Oyster Mushrooms of Comparative Example 25 10 Roe deer beet mushrooms of <Example 3> 20 7-15 Comparative Example Roe Beetle Mushroom 25 10 Flower Mushroom of <Example 4> 60 30 Blossom Mushroom of Comparative Example 60 30

Here, the culture days are days required for mycelia to grow from the spawn inoculation to the bottom of the bottle, and the growth days are the days taken from the fruiting body to the harvest date.

Referring to <Table 1>, when the cedar sawdust is used, oyster mushrooms and roe deer mushrooms have shorter culture days, and other mushrooms show similar results.

Experimental Example 2 Biomass Measurement

The biomass (weight of the mushroom) immediately after mathematics was measured for the size of the medium and is shown in Table 2 below.

Average biomass division  Average biomass / medium size (g or ㎖) Shiitake mushrooms of <Example 1> 120g / 1500g Shiitake mushrooms of the comparative example 120g / 1500g Oyster Mushroom of <Example 2> 200g / 1500g Oyster Mushrooms of Comparative Example 200g / 1500g Roe deer beet mushrooms of <Example 3> 90g / 850ml Comparative Example Roe Beetle Mushroom 90g / 850ml Flower Mushroom of <Example 4> 150g / 600g Blossom Mushroom of Comparative Example 150g / 600g

The result of <Table 2> shows that even when using the cedar sawdust there is no particular difference in yield compared to the case of using oak sawdust.

Experimental Example 3 Fruiting Body Hardness Measurement

Hardness measurements were made with the inner part of the fruiting body (inside) and XT. It was performed with RA Dimension V3.7G.

Fruiting body hardness division  Hardness (g / φ2mm) Oyster Mushroom of <Example 2> 354 Pleurotus eryngii of Example 5 402 Flower Mushroom of <Example 4> 160 Flower Mushroom of <Example 6> 171

The results in Table 3 show that when citrus gourds are used together with rice bran, the hardness of fruiting bodies, such as oyster mushrooms, increases.

Claims (8)

A medium raw material composition for cultivating shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom or matsutake mushroom, comprising cedar sawdust as a main material and a nutrient source as a subsidiary material. The method of claim 1, The main material is a medium raw material composition, characterized in that contained in more than 20% by weight to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the medium raw material composition. The method of claim 1, The subsidiary material includes one or more selected from the group consisting of rice bran, citrus gourd, cedar sawdust waste medium, The cedar sawdust waste medium is a medium raw material composition that is discarded after the cultivation of shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom or zinnia mushroom as the main material. The method of claim 1, Cedar as the main material is contained in 65% by weight to 85% by weight based on the total weight of the medium raw material composition and the subsidiary material is contained in 10% by weight to 30% by weight. (a) supplying the medium raw material composition of any one of claims 1 to 5 to prepare a medium composition, (b) sterilizing the medium composition, (c) cooling the sterilized medium composition Shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, roe deer mushroom or zinnia mushroom, comprising the steps of: (d) inoculating cultivars of the Pleurotus eryngii in the cooled medium composition, and (e) inducing the growth of fruiting bodies. Cultivation method. The method of claim 5, Water supply in step (a) is a cultivation method, characterized in that the water content is 40 to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the medium composition. The method of claim 5, The sterilization step of step (b) is a cultivation method, characterized in that by autoclaving for 60 to 150 minutes at a temperature in the range of 100 ℃ to 130 ℃. The method of claim 5, After the seeding inoculation of step (d), the cultivation step is made of the shiitake mushroom, the oyster mushroom, the rotiferous mushroom and the blossom mushroom, at a temperature of 20-25 ° C. and a humidity of 60-75%. Induction of the fruiting body of step (e) is the condition of the shiitake mushroom at a temperature of 10-18 ° C. and a humidity of 75-80%. In the case of the roe mushroom and blossom mushroom is made at the conditions of temperature 18 ~ 23 ℃, humidity 80 ~ 90%, The step of growing the fruiting body of step (e) is in the condition of the temperature of 12 ~ 18 ℃, humidity 85 ~ 90% for the shiitake mushroom, 17 ~ 20 ℃, humidity of 85 ~ 90% of the oyster mushroom Under the conditions, the case of the snail mushroom and the mushroom mushroom cultivation method, characterized in that the temperature is 18 to 20 ℃, the humidity of 85 to 90%.