CN102187787B - Method for culturing rare edible fungi including tricholoma lobayense heim and clitocybe maxima by using vine shoot dust - Google Patents
Method for culturing rare edible fungi including tricholoma lobayense heim and clitocybe maxima by using vine shoot dust Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing rare edible fungi including tricholoma lobayense heim and clitocybe maxima by using vine shoot dust. The method comprises the following steps of: A, preparation of a fermentation culture solution; B, preparation of liquid spawn; C, preparation of granular spawn; D, preparation of a culture medium: selecting 68-72 percent of vine shoot dust, 8-12 percent of cotton seed hull, 8-12 percent of broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves, 8 percent of bran, 1 percent of sucrose and 1 percent of calcined lime in a weight ratio, stirring in a material-water ratio of 1:1.4, bagging, performing conventional sealing, and sterilizing for later use; E, inoculating culture; and F, harvesting. The vine shoot is treated and developed into a raw material for culturing the rare edible fungi including the tricholoma lobayense heim and the clitocybe maxima, a natural culture medium is provided for the fungi culture industry, the biotransformation utilization of the vine shoot is realized, and the culture costs of the tricholoma lobayense heim and the clitocybe maxima are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culturing edible fungi, especially a kind of combination technique method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, two types of rare edible mushrooms of Clitocybe maxima.
Background technology
Grape is worldwide one of cultivates apple trees.China's viticulture area has reached 438.4 thousand hectares, occupies the 5th in the world.In the management of vineyard, the branch of pruning out (being vine shoot) is more and more.According to calculating, the annual winter beta pruning bar fresh weight in China vineyard has 4,020,000 tons at least.Contain the required nutritive element of abundant organic matter and plant growth in the vine shoot, have important value.But present, vine shoot does not obtain development and use basically as forestry waste, but is arbitrarily stacked or burning, causes the serious wasting of resources and environmental pollution.
On the other hand, edible mushroom contains necessary several amino acids of human body and vitamin, has higher nutritive value and certain medical value.Modern medicine study shows, edible mushroom has high protein, low fat, characteristics low in calories, thereby is described as the healthy food of 21 century by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation).Jin Fugu (TricholomPLobPyensc Heim) is called huge dried mushroom, big spoken parts in traditional operas mushroom, Luo Bayi dried mushroom again, belongs to Agaricales, dried mushroom material, white mushroom genus, is a kind of rare edible mushroom that is in the exploitation; High temperature modification kind during Jin Fugu belongs to, mycelial growth temperature is 15～35 ℃, with 20～28 ℃ for the righttest, 15～31 ℃ of sporophore growth temperature are advisable with 20～28 ℃.Clitocybe maxima (Clitocybe maxima) belongs to Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Agaricales, Tricholomataceae, Clitocybe; Clitocybe maxima has another name called the mug umbrella, because its fruit body shape is the more autochthonal bacterium of wooden corruption property of a kind of natural distribution like funnel or cup-shaped and gain the name; 15～35 ℃ of Clitocybe maxima mycelial growth thermophilics; The righttest 25～28 ℃, the growth temperature of fruit body is 23～32 ℃, belongs to middle high temperature modification.Jin Fugu, Clitocybe maxima mainly are after utilizing cotton seed hulls, wood chip or straw elder generation fermentation reactor system, to adopt pack grog soil fruiting at present, and the cultivation cost is higher relatively.
In sum, on the one hand the vine shoot bits are almost nil as the abundant utilization of agricultural resources utilization rate of nutritive value, and golden on the other hand good fortune mushroom, Clitocybe maxima are higher as rare edible fungus culturing cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima; Vine shoot is handled the culturing raw material that is developed as rare edible mushroom gold good fortune mushroom, Clitocybe maxima; For the mushroom cultivation industry provides a kind of natural medium matter; Realize the biological transformation utilization of vine shoot, reduce the cultivation cost of Jin Fugu, Clitocybe maxima.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention taked is following.
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima, its step comprises:
The preparation of A, fermentation culture: get the vine shoot bits and after rub broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves, soaking 1 hour with running water, add corn flour, soybean cake powder, boil little boiling 15 minutes altogether, filter and remove residue gets digestion liquid, adds glucose, yeast extract, KH again
2PO
4, MgSO
47H
2O, the pH nature promptly gets fermentation culture, and autoclaving is for use; Wherein, above-mentioned each material consumption by ratio of weight and the number of copies is: vine shoot bits 5, and through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 5, running water 80～90, corn flour 0.5, soybean cake powder 0.5, glucose 2, yeast extract 0.1, KH
2PO
40.1, MgSO
47H
2O 0.1;
The preparation of B, liquid spawn: on go on foot gained fermentation culture branch and install to and shake in the bottle; Then this is shaken bottle and test tube kind of edible mushroom and be put in the inoculating hood and sterilize, sterile working then utilizes transfer needle picking bacterial classification once or twice the test tube kind of edible mushroom to be inoculated into and shakes in the bottle; Go up shaking table after leaving standstill cultivation 20～30h; 160rpm, 26 ℃ of cultivation 90～100h, biomass reaches more than the 25g/100ml, and the qualified back of microscopy is for use;
The preparation of C, granular bacteria strain: by weight getting wheat 79%, vine shoot bits 20%, gypsum 1%; With wheat be soaked in water spend the night after, boil till it is broken into two with one's hands the no white core in back, elimination moisture is spread out and is dried its surface; Add vine shoot bits and gypsum then, stir, the pH nature, packed with narrow-mouthed bottle or double-deck polypropylene plastics to bottle/bag shoulder, autoclaving; Then through sterile working; In narrow-mouthed bottle or double-deck polypropylene plastics pocket, inoculum concentration is following, the liquid spawn consumption with step B gained liquid-spawn inoculation: narrow-mouthed bottle volume or double-deck polypropylene plastics pocket volume=1: 45～55; Cultivate 7～15 days to expiring bottle/bag for 26 ℃, subsequent use;
The preparation of D, medium: by weight get vine shoot bits 68～72%, cotton seed hull 8～12%, through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 8～12%, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1%, quicklime 1%; Carry out spice by material-water ratio 1:1.4 then, pack, conventional tying; Sterilization, for use;
E, inoculated and cultured: sterile working, the inoculum concentration by weight 5～10% is inoculated into step C gained granular bacteria strain in the step D gained medium, and 26 ℃ of lucifuges are cultured to purseful, earthing; Reduce ventilation behind the earthing, improve gas concentration lwevel, keep ground moistening; When treating that mycelia is climbed up soil surface and is uniformly distributed in the soil table, strengthen ventilation or water spray and impel the mycelia lodging, prevent that aerial hyphae excessive growth from influencing fruiting; Mycelium changes reproductive phase over to by the vegetative phase; The mycelia kink forms original hase the mushroom flower bud is taken place, and when the mushroom flower bud grows to grain of rice size, stops directly to spray water to the mushroom flower bud; Dry day can be to aerial light atomized water spray; Air humidity is brought up to 80～85%, strengthen ventilation and intensity of illumination simultaneously, avoid producing the thin mushroom inferior of the long lid of handle; When fruit body has 3 centimeter length, increase the water spray number of times, spray water twice every day, ensureing has enough fresh airs, and improving the overburden layer water content is about 20%, keeps air humidity 85～90%, and the temperature that controls environment remains on 20～35 ℃;
F, gather: gather when open and flat when fruit body is ripe, cap is incomplete as yet.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, said vine shoot bits are for being crushed to vine shoot the preparation of wood chip shape.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, in the steps A, fermentation culture is carried out autoclaved concrete operations do; After the fermentation culture packing finished, bottleneck was added a cover four layers of cotton, adds a cover two-layer newspaper on the cotton again; 0.145～0.155MPa, 121 ℃ keeps 30min.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step B, with the test tube kind of edible mushroom be inoculated into shake in the bottle after, leave standstill and go up shaking table after cultivating 24h, 160rpm, 26 ℃ cultivate 96h, biomass reaches more than the 25g/100ml, the qualified back of microscopy is for use.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step C, wheat want a material full, do not have damaged, do not have and go mouldy, clear water is eluriated 2 times, removal blighted grain and impurity are with boiling behind 1% limewash emerge in worm water, 12～36h again.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step C, said autoclaved concrete parameter does, 0.145～0.155MPa, 121～126 ℃ keeps 2～2.5h.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step D, the concrete parameter of said sterilization does, 0.145～0.155MPa, 121～126 ℃ keeps 2～2.5h.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, in the step F, when gathering, downcut the base portion of mushroom with blade, keep less mushroom; After gathering, the cleaning charge level is rejected aging mycelia and residual stem, and charge level is whole dried, prevents ponding, after cutting off the water 5 days, carries out moisturizing; Form second batch of original hase in 2 weeks; The total 3 damp mushrooms of can gathering.
Adopt the beneficial effect that technique scheme produced to be:
1. cultivation method of the present invention, material be easy to get and cost very low, realized the biological transformation of vine shoot, economic benefit height and ecological significance are great;
2. comprise 20% vine shoot bits in the middle of the granular bacteria strain of the present invention, can induce bacterial classification fast growing bacteria on vine shoot bits main body medium, improve bacterium mushroom growth rate; Following table shown sprouting, full shoulder and purseful time after being transferred on the medium of the present invention through the variable grain bacterial classification of Jin Fugu, Clitocybe maxima (unit: d):
| Granular bacteria strain | Sprout time | Completely take on the time | The purseful time |
| Pure wheat kind | 9 | 18 | 38 |
| Wheat+vine shoot+gypsum | 7 | 15 | 33 |
It is thus clear that; The granular bacteria strain that contains vine shoot has obviously shortened the cycle that bacterial classification inserts mycelial growth behind the main medium, traces it to its cause, and mainly be owing to add a certain amount of vine shoot in the wheat kind; In the substrate of mycelial growth vine shoot is arranged; After the wheat kind inserted the vine shoot cultivation bag like this, mycelia can adapt to growth substrate sooner, and long speed obviously directly inserts the long speed of cultivate material faster than pure wheat kind; Therefore, adopt " wheat+vine shoot+gypsum " combination formula to have remarkable advantages than simple wheat kind inoculation;
3. in the prescription of culture medium for cultivating of the present invention, can increase the gas permeability of medium through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves, help sending out in early days bacterium thereby sucrose can increase quick-acting carbon sources, wheat bran uses as nitrogenous source, and prescription rationally, and is balanced in nutrition;
4. production test shows; With cultivation method of the present invention; Jin Fugu, Clitocybe maxima average yield are 176g/ bag and 157g/ bag (experiment loading amount 200g/ bag), and biological transformation ratio can reach 88% and 78.55%, wherein biological transformation ratio (%)=(fruit body fresh weight/composts or fertilisers of cultivating dry weight) * 100%;
5. table 1 be cotton seed hull, vine shoot, through rubbing the various combination prescription of broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves culture medium for cultivating;
Table 1. with cotton seed hulls, vine shoot be major ingredient the culture medium for cultivating prescription (siccative, %)
| Numbering | Vine shoot | Cotton seed hulls | The broad-leaved tree fallen leaves | Wheat bran | Quicklime | Sucrose |
| P7 | 70 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 |
| P10 | 0 | 85 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 |
Accurately take by weighing various compositions during preparation, mixing is mixed thoroughly, water content between webs water is arranged when holding medium tight in one's hands but not following be advisable; The medium that has configured pack into test tube and fruiting bag; Each prescription repetition 3 times, 121 ℃ of sterilization 2h are inoculated in Jin Fugu, Clitocybe maxima bacterial classification respectively in above-mentioned sterilized test tube and the fruiting bag culture medium then; Growing way, form that the test tube experiment was whenever observed a bacterial strain at a distance from 5 days; Measure the long speed of bacterial strain with slide measure (accuracy 0.02 mm), and write down experimental data, to investigate its situation of nourishing and growing; The fast result of the length of mycelia sees table 2 and table 3;
The long speed (mm/d) of table 2. gold good fortune mushroom mycelia
Annotate :+expression growth is sparse, ++ the expression growth is fine and close, +++expression growth is fine and close
The long speed (mm/d) of table 3. Clitocybe maxima mycelia
Annotate :+expression growth is sparse, ++ the expression growth is fine and close, +++expression growth is fine and close
Visible by table 2 and table 3; The prescription of medium of the present invention (p7) is compared with traditional pure cotton seed hulls prescription (p10); All very close in long speed of bacterium mushroom and data aspect the growing way, and the present invention slightly is superior to the cotton seed hulls prescription, explains by technical scheme of the present invention and can utilize vine shoot replacement cotton seed hulls to carry out cultivation and the cultivation of edible mushroom fully; To reduce the cultivation cost, increase the benefit;
6. in the above-mentioned contrast experiment in cultivation, the average yield of Jin Fugu, Clitocybe maxima and average biologicak efficiency situation are shown in table 4 and table 5;
Table 4. gold good fortune mushroom average yield and average biologicak efficiency
| Numbering | Average yield (g) | Average biologicak efficiency (%) |
| P7 | 175.89 | 87.95 |
| P10 | 181.95 | 90.98 |
Annotate: biological transformation ratio=fruit body fresh weight/medium dry weight; Every bag culture medium dry weight is 200g
Table 5. Clitocybe maxima average yield and average biologicak efficiency
| Numbering | Average yield (g) | Average biologicak efficiency (%) |
| P7 | 157.10 | 78.55 |
| P10 | 160.40 | 80.20 |
Annotate: biological transformation ratio=fruit body fresh weight/medium dry weight; Every bag culture medium dry weight is 200g
Can find out, to have comparativity although the biological transformation ratio of culture medium prescription p7 of the present invention does not reach the biological transformation ratio of pure cotton seed hulls prescription p10 from table 4,5; Explain that vine shoot can replace cottonseed shell cultivation gold good fortune mushroom, Clitocybe maxima fully, that is to say that vine shoot can be used for the industrialization development of rare mushroom gold good fortune mushroom, Clitocybe maxima as a kind of living resources of reusable edible;
7. in the step B of technical scheme of the present invention, the incubation time on the liquid spawn behind the shaking table has very big influence to the follow-up cultivation of bacterium mushroom, and following table has provided the difference between the liquid spawn of several kinds of different incubation times;
According to these test datas, it is best incubation time that technical scheme of the present invention is confirmed with 96h.
Embodiment
Following examples have specified the present invention.Invent employed various raw material and items of equipment and be conventional commercially available prod, all can buy directly acquisition through market; Wherein, dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves can adopt robur leaf, evergreen chinquapin leaf etc.; The test tube kind of Jin Fugu, Clitocybe maxima can be drawn from domestic edible mushroom technology unit, like academy of agricultural sciences, Shanghai edible mushroom research institute etc.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, its step comprises:
The preparation of A, fermentation culture: get the vine shoot bits that are crushed to the wood chip shape and through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves; After 1 hour, add corn flour, soybean cake powder with the running water immersion, boil little boiling 15 minutes altogether; Filter and remove residue gets digestion liquid, adds glucose, yeast extract, KH again
2PO
4, MgSO
47H
2O, pH nature promptly get fermentation culture, then this fermentation culture packing is finished, and bottleneck is added a cover four layers of cotton, adds a cover two-layer newspaper on the cotton again, 0.145～0.155MPa, 121 ℃, maintenance 30min sterilizes, and is for use; Wherein, above-mentioned each material consumption by ratio of weight and the number of copies is: vine shoot bits 5, and through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 5, running water 86.7, corn flour 0.5, soybean cake powder 0.5, glucose 2, yeast extract 0.1, KH
2PO
40.1, MgSO
47H
2O 0.1;
The preparation of B, liquid spawn: on go on foot gained fermentation culture branch and install to and shake in the bottle; Then this is shaken bottle and test tube kind of edible mushroom and be put in the inoculating hood and sterilize, sterile working then utilizes transfer needle picking bacterial classification once or twice the test tube kind of edible mushroom to be inoculated into and shakes in the bottle; Go up shaking table after leaving standstill cultivation 24h; 160rpm, 26 ℃ of cultivation 96h, biomass reaches more than the 25g/100ml, and the qualified back of microscopy is for use;
The preparation of C, granular bacteria strain: by weight getting wheat 79%, vine shoot bits 20%, gypsum 1%, wherein, wheat want a material full, do not have damaged, nothing and go mouldy; Clear water is eluriated 2 times; Remove blighted grain and impurity,, boil then till it is broken afterwards into two with one's hands no white core with 1% limewash emerge in worm water, 12～36h; Elimination moisture is spread out and is dried its surface; Add vine shoot bits and gypsum then, stir, the pH nature, packed with narrow-mouthed bottle or double-deck polypropylene plastics to the bottle/bag shoulder, autoclaving, 0.145～0.155MPa, 121～126 ℃ keeps 2～2.5h; Then through sterile working; In narrow-mouthed bottle or double-deck polypropylene plastics pocket, inoculum concentration is following, the liquid spawn consumption with step B gained liquid-spawn inoculation: narrow-mouthed bottle volume or double-deck polypropylene plastics pocket volume=1: 45～55; Cultivate 7～15 days to expiring bottle/bag for 26 ℃, subsequent use;
The preparation of D, medium: by weight get vine shoot bits 70%, cotton seed hull 10%, through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 10%, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1%, quicklime 1%; Carry out spice by material-water ratio 1:1.4 then, pack, conventional tying; Sterilization; 0.145～0.155MPa, 121～126 ℃ keeps 2～2.5h, and is for use;
E, inoculated and cultured: sterile working, the inoculum concentration by weight 5～10% is inoculated into step C gained granular bacteria strain in the step D gained medium, and 26 ℃ of lucifuges are cultured to purseful, earthing; Reduce ventilation behind the earthing, improve gas concentration lwevel, keep ground moistening; When treating that mycelia is climbed up soil surface and is uniformly distributed in the soil table, strengthen ventilation or water spray and impel the mycelia lodging, prevent that aerial hyphae excessive growth from influencing fruiting; Mycelium changes reproductive phase over to by the vegetative phase; The mycelia kink forms original hase the mushroom flower bud is taken place, and when the mushroom flower bud grows to grain of rice size, stops directly to spray water to the mushroom flower bud; Dry day can be to aerial light atomized water spray; Air humidity is brought up to 80～85%, strengthen ventilation and intensity of illumination simultaneously, avoid producing the thin mushroom inferior of the long lid of handle; When fruit body has 3 centimeter length, increase the water spray number of times, spray water twice every day, ensureing has enough fresh airs, and improving the overburden layer water content is about 20%, keeps air humidity 85～90%, and the temperature that controls environment remains on 20～35 ℃;
F, gather: gather when open and flat when fruit body is ripe, cap is incomplete as yet, when gathering, downcut the base portion of mushroom, keep less mushroom with blade; After gathering, the cleaning charge level is rejected aging mycelia and residual stem, and charge level is whole dried, prevents ponding, after cutting off the water 5 days, carries out moisturizing; Form second batch of original hase in 2 weeks; The total 3 damp mushrooms of can gathering.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivation Clitocybe maxima, its step and technological parameter are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense; The difference of itself and embodiment 1 is: among the step D during preparation medium, by weight get vine shoot bits 68%, cotton seed hull 10%, through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 12%, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1%, quicklime 1%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivation Clitocybe maxima, its step and technological parameter are all identical with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense; The difference of itself and embodiment 1 is: among the step D during preparation medium, by weight get vine shoot bits 72%, cotton seed hull 8%, through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 10%, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1%, quicklime 1%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivation Clitocybe maxima, its step and technological parameter are all identical with embodiment 5.
Embodiment 7
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense; The difference of itself and embodiment 1 is: among the step D during preparation medium, by weight get vine shoot bits 70%, cotton seed hull 12%, through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 8%, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1%, quicklime 1%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivation Clitocybe maxima, its step and technological parameter are all identical with embodiment 7.
Foregoing description only proposes as the enforceable technical scheme of the present invention, not as the single restrictive condition to its technical scheme itself.
Claims (8)
1. method of utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima, its characterization step comprises:
The preparation of A, fermentation culture: get the vine shoot bits and after rub broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves, soaking 1 hour with running water, add corn flour, soybean cake powder, boil little boiling 15 minutes altogether, filter and remove residue gets digestion liquid, adds glucose, yeast extract, KH again
2PO
4, MgSO
47H
2O, the pH nature promptly gets fermentation culture, and autoclaving is for use; Wherein, above-mentioned each material consumption by ratio of weight and the number of copies is: vine shoot bits 5, and through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 5, running water 80～90, corn flour 0.5, soybean cake powder 0.5, glucose 2, yeast extract 0.1, KH
2PO
40.1, MgSO
47H
2O 0.1;
The preparation of B, liquid spawn: on go on foot gained fermentation culture branch and install to and shake in the bottle; Then this is shaken bottle and test tube kind of edible mushroom and be put in the inoculating hood and sterilize, sterile working then utilizes transfer needle picking bacterial classification once or twice the test tube kind of edible mushroom to be inoculated into and shakes in the bottle; Go up shaking table after leaving standstill cultivation 20～30h; 160rpm, 26 ℃ of cultivation 90～100h, biomass reaches more than the 25g/100ml, and the qualified back of microscopy is for use;
The preparation of C, granular bacteria strain: by weight getting wheat 79%, vine shoot bits 20%, gypsum 1%; With wheat be soaked in water spend the night after, boil till it is broken into two with one's hands the no white core in back, elimination moisture is spread out and is dried its surface; Add vine shoot bits and gypsum then, stir, the pH nature, packed with narrow-mouthed bottle or double-deck polypropylene plastics to bottle/bag shoulder, autoclaving; Then through sterile working; In narrow-mouthed bottle or double-deck polypropylene plastics pocket, inoculum concentration is following, the liquid spawn consumption with step B gained liquid-spawn inoculation: narrow-mouthed bottle volume or double-deck polypropylene plastics pocket volume=1: 45～55; Cultivate 7～15 days to expiring bottle/bag for 26 ℃, subsequent use;
The preparation of D, medium: by weight get vine shoot bits 68～72%, cotton seed hull 8～12%, through rubbing broken dry broad-leaved tree fallen leaves 8～12%, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1%, quicklime 1%; Carry out spice at 1: 1.4 by material-water ratio then, pack, conventional tying; Sterilization, for use;
E, inoculated and cultured: sterile working, the inoculum concentration by weight 5～10% is inoculated into step C gained granular bacteria strain in the step D gained medium, and 26 ℃ of lucifuges are cultured to purseful, earthing; Reduce ventilation behind the earthing, improve gas concentration lwevel, keep ground moistening; When treating that mycelia is climbed up soil surface and is uniformly distributed in the soil table, strengthen ventilation or water spray and impel the mycelia lodging, prevent that aerial hyphae excessive growth from influencing fruiting; Mycelium changes reproductive phase over to by the vegetative phase; The mycelia kink forms original hase the mushroom flower bud is taken place, and when the mushroom flower bud grows to grain of rice size, stops directly to spray water to the mushroom flower bud; Dry day can be to aerial light atomized water spray; Air humidity is brought up to 80～85%, strengthen ventilation and intensity of illumination simultaneously, avoid producing the thin mushroom inferior of the long lid of handle; When fruit body has 3 centimeter length, increase the water spray number of times, spray water twice every day, ensureing has enough fresh airs, and improving the overburden layer water content is about 20%, keeps air humidity 85～90%, and the temperature that controls environment remains on 20～35 ℃;
F, gather: gather when open and flat when fruit body is ripe, cap is incomplete as yet.
2. the method for utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said vine shoot bits are for being crushed to vine shoot the preparation of wood chip shape.
3. the method for utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the steps A, fermentation culture is carried out autoclaved concrete operations do, after the fermentation culture packing is finished; Bottleneck is added a cover four layers of cotton; Add a cover two-layer newspaper on the cotton again, 0.145～0.155MPa, 121 ℃ keeps 30min.
4. the method for utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: among the step B; With the test tube kind of edible mushroom be inoculated into shake in the bottle after, leave standstill and go up shaking table after cultivating 24h, 160rpm, 26 ℃ cultivate 96h; Biomass reaches more than the 25g/100ml, and the qualified back of microscopy is for use.
5. the method for utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: among the step C; Wheat want a material full, do not have damaged, nothing and go mouldy; Clear water is eluriated 2 times, removes blighted grain and impurity, with boiling behind 1% limewash emerge in worm water, 12～36h again.
6. the method for utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima according to claim 5 is characterized in that: among the step C, said autoclaved concrete parameter does, 0.145～0.155MPa, 121～126 ℃ keeps 2～2.5h.
7. the method for utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the step D, the concrete parameter of said sterilization does, 0.145～0.155MPa, 121～126 ℃ keeps 2～2.5h.
8. the method for utilizing vine shoot bits cultivating tricholoma lobayense, the rare edible mushroom of Clitocybe maxima according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step F, when gathering, downcut the base portion of mushroom with blade, keep less mushroom; After gathering, the cleaning charge level is rejected aging mycelia and residual stem, and charge level is whole dried, prevents ponding, after cutting off the water 5 days, carries out moisturizing; Form second batch of original hase in 2 weeks; The total 3 damp mushrooms of can gathering.
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