JP4559457B2 - Germanium-containing mushroom cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a mushroom containing a large amount of germanium.

  Mushrooms such as Ganoderma Lucidum and Agaricus have been suggested to have various effects such as anticancer effects and blood pressure lowering effects, and are widely used in health foods. It has been. According to one theory, the utility of such mushrooms is thought to be due to a small amount of germanium incorporated in the mushroom.

  By the way, as a cultivation method of a mushroom, there are mainly two cultivation methods, a raw wood cultivation method using raw wood and a fungus bed cultivation method using wood waste. The log cultivation method is to cut the soaked log into a log with a predetermined thickness, so that a hole is made in the cut surface of the obtained log, etc., and mushroom inoculum is inoculated into the hole. Or, a method for cultivating mushrooms by inoculating a mushroom inoculum with a wood cut or the like containing mushroom inoculum between a cut surface of a log and a cut surface of a log. The fungus bed cultivation method is a method for cultivating mushrooms by inoculating mushroom inoculum after mixing hardwood wood chips and the like with rice bran and the like and filling them in a container such as a bottle.

  As a method for increasing the germanium content in mushrooms using the cultivation method as described above, for example, the following methods are known.

Specifically, for example, in the following patent document 1, in the cultivation of edible mushrooms, a hole is made by drilling a hoda tree, germanium powder is put into the hole, and a seed piece of mushroom is placed on the hole. A method for cultivating a mushroom containing germanium, which is driven into a hole and sealed with a molten wax, is disclosed.
JP-A-5-252829

  However, even with the above cultivation method, the amount of germanium incorporated into mushrooms could not be significantly increased.

  An object of this invention is to provide the cultivation method of the germanium containing mushroom which can raise the amount of germanium taken in in a mushroom remarkably.

  The method for cultivating germanium-containing mushrooms according to the present invention is characterized in that mushrooms are cultivated using a culture medium containing water-soluble organic germanium and an extract extracted from a fermented product obtained by fermenting soymilk. It is a cultivation method for germanium-containing mushrooms.

  According to such a cultivation method, mushrooms with a high germanium content can be cultivated.

  Moreover, when the said culture medium uses the culture medium which mix | blends a predetermined amount of rice bran and wheat flour with the hardwood litter, a mushroom with many germanium content can be cultivated easily.

  In addition, when the culture medium uses hardwood raw wood for wood as a medium, mushrooms with a high germanium content can be easily cultivated.

  The water-soluble organic germanium is preferably carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide.

  According to the present invention, mushrooms with a high germanium content can be cultivated.

  The method for cultivating germanium-containing mushrooms according to the present invention is characterized in that mushrooms are cultivated using a culture medium containing water-soluble organic germanium and an extract extracted from a fermented product obtained by fermenting soymilk. .

The water-soluble organic germanium is not particularly limited as long as it is water-soluble and contains germanium in the structure of the organic compound. Specific examples thereof include carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide ((GeCH ₂ CH ₂ COOH) ₂ O ₃ ) and the like. In addition, water solubility means the solubility of 1 mg or more of organic germanium in 1L of water in terms of germanium amount.

  On the other hand, the extract extracted from the fermented product obtained by fermenting soy milk is a component that promotes the absorption of water-soluble organic germanium in mushrooms, and separates the liquid component from the fermented product fermented soy milk. Purified liquid and its condensate.

  The microorganism used for soymilk fermentation is not particularly limited as long as it is a microorganism used in food production. Specifically, for example, yeasts such as lactic acid bacteria, brewer's yeast, baker's yeast, and sake yeast And the like. Among these, lactic acid bacteria or those fermented with a group of microorganisms containing lactic acid bacteria and at least one yeast are particularly preferably used.

  Fermentation conditions are not particularly limited. For example, a microorganism group containing a predetermined amount of lactic acid bacteria is cultivated in soy milk, and a predetermined temperature, specifically a temperature range of about 20 to 40 ° C., for a predetermined time. For example, known conditions for obtaining fermented soymilk that can be fermented for one year or more are selected. Such a fermented soymilk contains a soymilk metabolite and a microbial component due to a microorganism group.

  Examples of a method for obtaining an extract from the obtained fermented product include a method of extracting a liquid by microfiltration of the fermented product. Moreover, you may condense the extract obtained in this way as needed.

  As for the extract liquid extracted from the fermented material obtained by fermenting soymilk, many types are commercially available as fertilizer applications, and specific examples thereof include, for example, manufactured by Suruga Enterprise. Examples thereof include KD enzyme, doirase and super doylase manufactured by San Helsen Co., Ltd.

  The cultivation method of the present invention is not limited as long as it grows mushrooms in the presence of the water-soluble organic germanium and the extract. Specifically, for example, a fungus bed cultivation method or a raw wood cultivation method is used. It is done.

  In the fungus bed cultivation method, for example, a medium in which a predetermined amount of rice bran and wheat flour is mixed with hardwood wood chips is preferably used as the culture medium. In the raw wood cultivation method, hardwood raw wood for oak is preferably used. In addition, as wood chips and wood for wood, those derived from deciduous broad-leaved trees such as sushi, kobana, mizuna, kunugi, beech, chestnut, vertebra, plum, cherry blossom, etc. are preferably used.

  Below, the fungus bed cultivation method concerning the embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail.

  The fungus bed cultivation method according to the present embodiment includes an inoculum culture step for cultivating an inoculum and a fruit body formation step for forming fruit bodies. First, the inoculum culture process will be described.

(Inoculum culture process)
First, a culture preparation solution to be added to a culture medium for culturing inoculum is prepared.

  The culture preparation solution is prepared by adding a predetermined amount of the water-soluble organic germanium, the extract, and calcium carbonate to water.

  The amount of the water-soluble organic germanium added is preferably 50 to 1000 mg, more preferably 200 to 400 mg in terms of germanium, with respect to 1 L of water.

  The amount of the extract added is appropriately adjusted depending on the type used. For example, when using a KD enzyme manufactured by Suruga Enterprise, about 0.01 to 1 mL of San Helsen ( When using Doirase or Super Doylase manufactured by Co., Ltd., it is preferable to add about 0.01 to 1 mL with respect to 1 L of water.

  Moreover, the said calcium carbonate is a component for adjusting pH, It is preferable to add so that pH of the culture preparation liquid obtained may be 5-8, Preferably it is 6.7-7.

  Next, a culture medium for culturing the inoculum is prepared. As the culture medium in the present invention, a mixture of wood chips and a predetermined amount of rice bran and wheat flour is preferably used.

  The mixing amount of the rice bran is, for example, preferably about 0.5 to 3 kg with respect to 10 kg of wood chips, and the mixing amount of the wheat ground is about 0.5 to 3 kg with respect to 10 kg of wood chips. Is preferred. In addition, after using wheat for cooking etc., wheat ground is a part normally discarded, for example, the part of the outer skin of a wheat grain, etc. are mentioned.

  Then, a container made of resin or the like is filled with the obtained culture medium, and further a culture preparation solution is added.

  The amount of the culture preparation solution added is preferably 1 to 10 L, more preferably about 4 to 8 L, per 10 kg of the culture medium. At this time, calcium carbonate for adjusting pH may be further added as necessary.

  Next, the culture medium filled in the container is inoculated with an inoculum of mushrooms.

  Examples of the type of mushroom include ganoderma, shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, maiko, flat mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, mushrooms, and wooden jellyfish.

  Inoculation with inoculum is inoculated with Ganoderma sp. On a previously sterilized culture medium. As a method for sterilizing the culture medium, a known sterilization method can be used. Specifically, for example, an atmospheric pressure sterilization method of drying at 90 to 95 ° C. for 5 to 6 hours is used.

  Then, the culture medium inoculated with the inoculum is cultured at a culture temperature of 18 to 20 ° C. for a culture period of 15 to 20 days, for example. By this culture, the inoculum grows, and the ganoderma hyphae spread throughout the culture medium. The culture medium in which the inoculum is cultured is used as a culture inoculum in the fruit body formation step described later.

(Substance formation process)
Next, the fruiting body formation process which forms a fruiting body using the obtained cultured inoculum is demonstrated.

  After filling another vessel with the same culture medium as obtained above, the culture preparation solution is added. The amount of the culture preparation solution added to the culture medium is the same as described above.

  The culture medium is then sterilized. As the sterilization conditions, for example, a high-pressure sterilization method in which a high-pressure sterilization pot is used and the treatment is performed in a sealed state in a temperature range of about 100 to 150 ° C for about 1 to 4 hours is preferably used.

  Next, the inoculum is inoculated by mixing the culture inoculum into the sterilized culture medium.

  Then, the culture medium inoculated with the inoculum is cultured, for example, at 18 to 20 ° C. for about 20 to 25 days. By this culture, the inoculum grows further in the culture medium, and the ganoderma hyphae spread throughout the culture medium. Furthermore, the culture medium in which the inoculum was cultured is aged at, for example, 18 to 20 ° C. for 15 to 20 days. This aging forms a film for forming mushroom fruit bodies on the surface of the culture medium.

  Next, the matured culture medium is buried. The main lie down is piled up mountain sand on one side of the floor in a greenhouse covered with a light shielding net of 70-80%, which is controlled at about 24-28 ° C, and the inoculum was aged on the mountain sand. The culture medium is placed in a container while maintaining a predetermined interval. Then, the soil or mountain sand of volcanic ash is filled between the culture media arranged, and the soil or mountain sand of volcanic ash is covered from the surface of the culture medium to about 3 cm.

  For example, in the case of Ganoderma, this kind of proneness causes a fire to occur around 10 days after the laying down, a white cocoon rises, an umbrella is formed around 20 days, and the thickness of the umbrella increases around 35 days. The spore is scattered and the fruit body (mushroom) is obtained in about 45 to 50 days.

  As described above, according to the fungus bed cultivation method described above, the water-soluble organic germanium that has not been absorbed by the mushrooms can be recovered, so that waste of the water-soluble organic germanium can be eliminated. Moreover, the mushrooms thus obtained contain a large amount of germanium.

  Next, an example of the raw wood cultivation method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  First, a wood for log (log) having a predetermined thickness, for example, 15 to 20 cm, is prepared, and two logs are used as one set, and between the log cut surface and the log cut surface, for example, the above bacteria The inoculum is obtained by sandwiching the cultured inoculum in the floor cultivation method and inoculating the inoculum. The obtained mushrooms are laid down by the same method as in the above-mentioned fungus bed cultivation method, so that mushrooms are fired and mushrooms with a high germanium content are obtained.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited at all by the Example.

(Preparation of culture preparation)
As an extract extracted from fermented material obtained by fermenting soy milk against 6 L of purified water, 1.2 mL of KD enzyme manufactured by Suruga Enterprise, water-soluble organic germanium (carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide, Japan Alger) 6 g and 0.3 g of calcium carbonate were dissolved to obtain a culture preparation solution.

(Preparation of culture medium)
A culture medium was obtained by mixing 30 kg of rice bran, 30 kg of wheat flour, 65 L of a culture preparation, and 3 g of calcium carbonate with respect to 200 kg of hardwood sawdust.
[Example 1]
The prepared culture medium was filled into a 1300 mL propylene bottle and sterilized under normal pressure at 90 to 95 ° C. for 5 to 6 hours. And 5-8g of Matsusugi Ganoderma sp. (1109 strain) was added to the sterilized culture medium. And culture inoculum was obtained by culturing for about 15-20 days at the temperature of about 18-20 degreeC.

  Next, after filling the prepared culture medium in a 1500 mL polypropylene bag, it was put in a high-pressure sterilization pot, sealed, heated to 120 ° C. and autoclaved for 2 hours.

Then, 20 to 25 g of the culture inoculum was inoculated into the culture medium in the polypropylene bag sterilized under high pressure. And it culture | cultivated for about 20-25 days at the temperature of about 18-20 degreeC, and matured for about 15-20 days at the temperature of about 18-20 degreeC. Next, the aged culture medium was placed in a polypropylene bag on a floor in a greenhouse housed with piles of sand and arranged at 15 cm intervals. Then, between the culture medium and the culture medium arranged, the soil or mountain sand of volcanic ash was filled, and further, the soil or mountain sand of volcanic ash was covered up to about 3 cm from the surface of the culture medium, and it was buried. . At that time, the room temperature in the greenhouse was controlled to be about 24 to 28 ° C. and covered with a light shielding net with a light shielding rate of 70 to 80%.
[Example 2]
It is the same as that of Example 1 except having used the doirase made from a San Helsen Co., Ltd. instead of the KD enzyme made from Suruga Enterprise as an extract.
[Comparative Example 1]
Same as Example 1, except that no extract is used.
[Comparative Example 2]
Ganoderma was cultivated by a conventional mushroom cultivation method (raw wood cultivation method).

  The germanium content of ganoderma cultivated in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was measured by the following method.

(Method for measuring germanium content)
The germanium content was measured by phenylfluorone spectrophotometry.

  From the above measurement results, the germanium content contained in the ganoderma of Example 1 was 206 ppm, and the germanium content contained in the ganoderma of Example 2 was 200 ppm. On the other hand, the germanium content contained in the ganoderma of Comparative Example 1 was 0.05 ppm, and the germanium content contained in the ganoderma of Comparative Example 2 was 0 ppm.

  From these facts, Ganoderma cultivated with a culture medium containing a water-soluble organic germanium and an extract obtained by fermenting soy milk (Examples 1 and 2) contains a water-soluble organic germanium, but does not contain an extract. It can be seen that germanium content is higher than Ganoderma cultivated in culture medium (Comparative Example 1) and Ganoderma cultivated in culture medium not containing water-soluble organic germanium and extract (Comparative Example 2).

Claims (4)

  A method for growing germanium-containing mushrooms, comprising cultivating mushrooms using a culture medium containing a water-soluble organic germanium and an extract extracted from a fermented product obtained by fermenting soy milk.   The method for cultivating germanium-containing mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium uses a medium obtained by blending a predetermined amount of rice bran and wheat bran into hardwood litter.   The method for cultivating germanium-containing mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium is obtained by using hardwood raw wood for wood as a medium.   The method for cultivating germanium-containing mushrooms according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water-soluble organic germanium is carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide.