CN1362010A - asafetida mushroom culturing process - Google Patents
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- CN1362010A CN1362010A CN 02110052 CN02110052A CN1362010A CN 1362010 A CN1362010 A CN 1362010A CN 02110052 CN02110052 CN 02110052 CN 02110052 A CN02110052 A CN 02110052A CN 1362010 A CN1362010 A CN 1362010A
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Abstract
A method to cultivate asafetida mushroom includes the prparation of the first level seed and second level seed of the asafetida mushroom bacterial seeds, the preparatino of growth medium in which the second level seeds are connected into one end of cultivation bag under the bacteria free condition, then bacteria developing cultivation, mushroom birth and growth, mushroom picking, using cornstalk as main raw material, and the auxiliary materials are wheat bran, bean cake or cottonseed cake, white sugar, gypsum powder, calcium superphosphate, food salt water, finally packing in bag. The second seed pitching rate will be 15-30 plants per bag. To tie the bag tightly after inoculation and to make bacteria developing cultivation for 35-45 days and to pick up after the 5-10 days of the primodium being formed for salt. The present invention uses the agricultural waste as a production raw material and solves the pollution problem caused by burning the cornstalk. The waste can be used and the cost of productino can be reduced.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing agricultural waste material as composts or fertilisers of cultivating cultivation asafoetida mushroom, belong to agriculture technical field of microbe application.
(2) background technology
Asafoetida mushroom (Pleurotus ferulae Lenzi) has another name called Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi, and Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi is a kind of edible mushroom on the arid grassland, and its is parasitic or saprophytic on a kind of medicinal plant asafoetide and gain the name.The delicacy of asafoetida mushroom bacterial context, delicious good to eat.Since 1958, country such as India, France and Germany beginning domesticating and cultivating asafoetida mushroom.1958, Ka Erma (Kalmar) carried out experiment in cultivation for the first time; 1970, henry reached (Henda) and has carried out cultivation basswood test for the first time in India; 1974, French Kai Erkesi (Cailleux) and Di Aopu (Diop) were successful with the oat grain domesticating and cultivating of straw, give up fiber crops and 20% for the first time.Nineteen eighty-three, China begins the Xinjiang Wild asafoetida mushroom is carried out the domesticating and cultivating test, nineteen ninety, matches domestication breeding to a strain good quality and high output bacterial strain by monospore.Shandong, the Hebei of China southern area Fujian, Zhejiang and northern area begin to carry out small-scale production now.At present, the main composts or fertilisers of cultivating that China produces asafoetida mushroom is wood chip and cotton seed hulls, shows " 18 kinds of rare delicious edible fungus culturings " Chinese agriculture publishing house over yellow year, P1～7, Shi Jing still waits " pre-test of Pleurotus eryngii var. nebrodensis culture technique " " edible fungi of china " 2001, No2, P15～16.Use wood chip as composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the one, output is on the low side, and the 2nd, the too much felling to forest has caused ecological balance damage.And use cotton seed hulls as composts or fertilisers of cultivating, and although the yield level height, cost is also higher, economic benefit is very not remarkable.Therefore, there is very big defective in these two kinds of raw materials as the culturing raw material of cultivation asafoetida mushroom, simultaneously in the production and the exploitation that have also limited asafoetida mushroom in varying degrees.
(3) summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of corncob or corn stalk cultivation asafoetida mushroom method utilized.The inventive method comprises that asafoetida mushroom is the one-level kind of bacterial classification, the preparation of secondary kind, the preparation of culturing raw material, under the aseptic condition one of cultivation bag is inserted the secondary kind, fruiting, adopt mushroom, it is characterized in that the culturing raw material prescription is: major ingredient: 100 parts of corncob or corn stalk are weight portion, down together, auxiliary material: 10～20 parts in wheat bran
5～10 parts of soya-bean cake or cottonseed cakes
0.5～1 part of white sugar
0.5～1 part of land plaster
0.5～2 part of superphosphate
0.5～1 part of moisture of salt: 185～200 parts of culturing raw material packs of water wet feed heavily is 0.75～1.25 kilogram/every bag, inoculum concentration is 15～30 wheats/every bag, tighten sack after the inoculation, cultivated under the thermophilic condition 35～45 days, fruiting, original hase form the back and gathered in 5～10 days.
Concrete operations of the present invention are as follows:
1. the one-level kind prepares
Original female kind of asafoetida mushroom is bacterial classification, and the PDA+ peptone is a medium, and the inclined-plane inoculation can be by state of the art.PDA is a medium well known in the art, comprises peeling potato, glucose, agar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and water.The invention provides following concrete operations condition, but be not limited thereto.Prescription: 200 parts of peeling potatos (weight portion, down together), 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts in agar, 4 parts of peptones, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 1.5 parts in magnesium sulfate, 1000 parts in water, pH nature.
Make: will remove the peel 200 parts of potatos and add 1000 parts in water and boiled 20 minutes, filtered through gauze, filtrate keeps the skin wet 1000 parts, again other raw material is put into, endure on electric furnace to the agar thawing, the packing test tube was sterilized 20～30 minutes under 0.098～0.12 MPa pressure, the system test tube slant, 0.3cm is inoculated in the cooling back under aseptic condition
2Original female kind of asafoetida mushroom, be placed in 23～28 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivated 10～15 days.
2. the secondary kind prepares
Connect above-mentioned one-level kind on the wheat medium of land plaster being mixed with, can be by state of the art.The invention provides following concrete operations condition, but be not limited thereto.
Prescription: 100 parts of wheat wheat dry weights, 0.5～1.2 part of land plaster is weight portion.
Make: wheat was soaked 24 hours, clean in pot, to boil after the impurity elimination to wheat and do not have the white heart, epidermis does not break, pull out and dry surface moisture, make the wheat water content be controlled at 40～50% percentage by weights, mix land plaster and puddle evenly, the dress Cans, under 0.12～0.15 MPa, sterilized 1.5～2 hours, and treated under aseptic condition, to insert 0.8～1.5cm after the Cans cooling
2The one-level kind, be placed in 23～28 ℃ of culturing room and cultivated 20～25 days.3. cultivation bag prepares major ingredient: 100 parts of corncob or corn stalk are weight portion, down together.Auxiliary material:
10～20 parts in wheat bran
5～10 parts of soya-bean cake or cottonseed cakes
0.5～1 part of white sugar
0.5～1 part of land plaster
0.5～2 part of superphosphate
0.5～1 part of moisture of salt: 185～200 parts of above-mentioned optimum formulas of water are: major ingredient: 100 parts of corncob or corn stalk, be weight portion, down together.Auxiliary material:
10 parts in wheat bran
5 parts of soya-bean cake or cottonseed cakes
1 part of white sugar
1 part of land plaster
1 part of superphosphate
0.5 part of moisture of salt: 185 parts in water
Make: select corncob or corn stalk fresh, that nothing is gone mouldy, tanned by the sun 2～3 days, pulverize, maize cob meal is broken into the soybean grain size, and corn stalk is crossed No. 2.5 sieves, and (diameter 0.6～0.8cm) and other auxiliary material mix, and blunge evenly, and heap was boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire 2 hours, pack.Select (14～17cm) * (28～35cm) * (0.04～0.05cm) polypropylene knuckle plastic sack for use, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of having handled well is packed in the plastic sack, the dress wet feed weighs 0.75～1.25 kilogram, adorned the back and made a call to a hole from the top down at the material middle position with the wooden stick of 1.5 centimetres of diameters, use the plastic ties tying, sterilization.Can adopt normal-pressure sterilization or autoclaving, 1 atmospheric pressure of normal-pressure sterilization kept 8～12 hours, and autoclaving kept under 0.12～0.15 MPa 2～3 hours.
4. inoculation
Under the aseptic condition one of above-mentioned cultivation bag is inserted the secondary kind, inoculum concentration is 15～30 wheat secondary kinds/every bag, and tighten sack with plastic ties the inoculation back.
5. sending out bacterium cultivates
Postvaccinal cultivation bag moves into culturing room, and temperature is controlled at 23～28 ℃, lucifuge, and incubation time is 35～45 days.
6. fruiting
The temperature of fruiting environment is controlled at 12～22 ℃, and illumination 150～300 luxs ventilate 1～3 every day, and each 30～40 minutes, relative air humidity remained on 85%～90%.
7. gather
Original hase forms the back and can gather in 5～10 days.The normative reference of gathering is bacteria cover diameter 3～8cm, cap expansion, the long 8～18cm of stem, mushroom body white.
Excellent results of the present invention is as follows: 1. turn waste into wealth; protection ecological balance corncob and corn stalk are a kind of agricultural waste materials behind the harvesting corn; be to burn or abandon basically in the rural area; be used as the raw material of cultivation asafoetida mushroom; the one, can solve the problem of environmental pollution that causes because of the burning corn stalk; turn waste into wealth, the 2nd, can reduce because of culturing edible fungus cause to the deforestation problem, the protection ecological balance.2. enrich vegetable basket market, improve the appearance of edible mushroom new varieties such as capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports asafoetida mushroom, not only enriched vegetable basket market, change the few situation of edible fungus variety, and can satisfy people along with living standard improves, by eating taste to eating nutrition, eating this consumer psychology of health care.In addition, as the popular kind on the international edible mushroom market, the cultivation asafoetida mushroom can improve capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports.3. reduce production costs, increase economic efficiency and utilize corncob or corn stalk as the raw material of cultivating asafoetida mushroom, compare (200 yuan/ton of corncobs, 120 yuan/ton of corn stalk, 360 yuan/ton of wood chips, 600 yuan/ton of cotton seed hullss) with traditional cultivation raw material wood chip, cotton seed hulls, raw material per ton can be reduced investment outlay 160～240 yuan and 400～480 yuan, each peasant household feeds intake 20 tons and calculate every year, can save production cost 3200～4800 yuan and 8000～9600 yuan.4. the wide China of promotion prospect is large agricultural country, nearly 500,000,000 tons of annual agricultural crop straw, and nearly 200,000,000 tons of corncob and corn stalk discarded object, resource is quite abundant.Especially entry to WTO back China agricultural will face huge impact, make full use of this part resource, development labor-intensive industry, transform agricultural production, be one of approach of increasing farmers' income, so, utilize corncob and corn stalk to produce edible mushroom and have wide promotion prospect.
(4) description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the photo of embodiment 1 cultivation asafoetida mushroom fruiting situation.
Figure 2 shows that the photo of embodiment 2 cultivation asafoetida mushroom fruiting situations.
(5) embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1. the one-level kind prepares
Prescription: 200 parts of peeling potatos, 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts in agar, 4 parts of peptones, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 1.5 parts in magnesium sulfate, 1000 parts in water, pH nature.
Make: the peeling potato adds 1000 parts in water for 200 parts and boiled 20 minutes, filtered through gauze, filtrate keeps the skin wet 1000 parts, again other raw material is put into, on electric furnace, endure to the agar thawing, the packing test tube, sterilization is 30 minutes under 0.11 MPa pressure, make the test tube slant, 0.3cm is inoculated in the cooling back under aseptic condition
2Original female the kind, be placed in 25 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivated 12 days.
2. the secondary kind prepares
Prescription: 100 parts of wheat wheats, 1 part of land plaster.
Make: wheat is soaked afterwash impurity elimination in 24 hours in pot, boil to wheat and do not have the white heart, epidermis does not break, pull out and dry surface moisture, make the wheat water content be controlled at 45% percentage by weight, mixing land plaster puddles evenly, adorn 500 milliliters of Cans, sterilization is 1.5 hours under 0.12 MPa pressure, treats to insert 1.5cm after the Cans cooling under aseptic condition
2The one-level kind, be placed in 25 ℃ of culturing room and cultivated 25 days.
3. culturing raw material preparation
Major ingredient: 100 parts of corncobs.Auxiliary material: 10 parts in wheat bran, 5 parts of cottonseed cakes, 1 part of white sugar, 1 part of land plaster, 1 part of superphosphate, salt 0.5 minute.Moisture: 170 parts in water.
Make: select corncob fresh, that nothing drenches with rain and goes mouldy, under the sun, tanned by the sun 3 days, be ground into the soybean grain size, mix with wheat bran, cottonseed cake, other auxiliary material is dissolved in the water back and compound stirs, stewing 2 hours of heap, raw material is fully absorbed water, pack.Select 14cm*28cm*0.04cm polypropylene knuckle plastic sack for use, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of having handled well is packed in the plastic sack, the elasticity of charging is moderate, the dress wet feed weighs 0.75 kilogram/bag, adorned the back and made a call to a hole from the top down at the material middle position with the wooden stick of 1.5 centimetres of diameters, use the plastic ties tying, sterilization.Autoclaving is adopted in sterilization, and pressure is 0.15 MPa, keeps 2 hours.After the sterilization cultivation bag is moved into the cooling chamber cooling, prepare inoculation.
4. inoculation
Cooled cultivation bag is put into inoculating hood, with 5 gram potassium permanganate and 15 milliliters of formalin fumigations 30 minutes, under the aseptic condition one of cultivation bag is inserted the secondary kind, inoculum concentration is 20 wheats.Bacterial classification is tightened sack with plastic ties after inserting immediately, cultivates.
5. cultivate
Postvaccinal cultivation bag moves into culturing room immediately, and indoor temperature keeps 25 ℃, and lucifuge is cultivated 40 days cultivation bags and is covered with mycelia.
6. after mycelia is covered with 7 days in the fruiting cultivation bag, cultivation bag is moved into the fruiting room, untie plastic ties, sack is carried on gently, sack is opened slightly, keep mushroom room temperature at 16～18 ℃, ventilate every day 3 times, each 30 minutes, treat that a bag interior mycelia begins to form original hase and stretches out sack after, increase space humidity, keep space relative moisture 85%.
7. gather
Original hase forms back 5 days and can gather.All cut off from the stem bottom with pocket knife when gathering, bacteria cover diameter 3～8cm, cap stretches, the long 8～18cm of stem, mushroom body white.Embodiment 2: as described in embodiment 1, different is that cultivation medium formula is as follows: major ingredient: 100 parts of auxiliary materials of corn stalk: 10 parts in wheat bran
5 parts of cottonseed cakes
1 part of white sugar
1 part of land plaster
1 part of superphosphate
0.5 part of moisture of salt: 185 parts of embodiment 3 of water: as described in embodiment 1, different is that cultivation medium formula is as follows: major ingredient: 100 parts of auxiliary materials of corncob: 15 parts in wheat bran
5 parts of cottonseed cakes
1 part of white sugar
1 part of land plaster
1 part of superphosphate
0.5 part of moisture of salt: 165 parts of embodiment 4 of water: as described in embodiment 1, different is that cultivation medium formula is as follows: major ingredient: 100 parts of auxiliary materials of corn stalk: 15 parts in wheat bran
5 parts of cottonseed cakes
1 part of white sugar
1 part of land plaster
1 part of superphosphate
0.5 part of moisture of salt: 185 parts of Comparative Examples 1 of water: as described in embodiment 1, different is that culturing raw material is made major ingredient with cotton seed hulls, and it is as follows to fill a prescription: major ingredient: 100 parts of auxiliary materials of cotton seed hulls: 20 parts in wheat bran
5 parts of cottonseed cakes
1 part of white sugar
1 part of land plaster
1 part of moisture of superphosphate: 145 parts of Comparative Examples 2 of water: as described in embodiment 1, different is that culturing raw material is made major ingredient with wood chip, and it is as follows to fill a prescription: major ingredient: 100 parts of auxiliary materials of wood chip: 20 parts in wheat bran
5 parts of cottonseed cakes
1 part of white sugar
1 part of land plaster
1 part of moisture of superphosphate: water more than 130 parts embodiment and Comparative Examples effect as follows:
| Biology efficient (%) | Estimate | |
| Embodiment 1 | ????65.6 | Raw material is wide, and cost is low, is worthy to be popularized |
| Embodiment 2 | ????58.9 | Raw material is wide, and cost is minimum, is worthy to be popularized |
| Embodiment 3 | ????70.6 | Cost slightly improves, but high efficiency is worthy to be popularized |
| Embodiment 4 | ????62.7 | Cost slightly improves, but high efficiency is worthy to be popularized |
| Comparative Examples 1 | ????72.5 | Output height, cost height are difficult for promoting |
| Comparative Examples 2 | ????56.8 | Raw material is limited, and output is on the low side, is difficult for promoting |
Claims (7)
1. cultivate the asafoetida mushroom method for one kind, comprise that asafoetida mushroom is the one-level kind of bacterial classification, the preparation of secondary kind, the cultivation matrix preparation inserts the secondary kind with one of cultivation bag under the aseptic condition, sending out bacterium cultivates, fruiting is adopted mushroom, it is characterized in that utilizing corncob or corn stalk to make the cultivation matrix major ingredient, the cultivation prescription is: major ingredient: 100 parts of corncob or corn stalk, be weight portion, down together, auxiliary material: 10～20 parts in wheat bran
5～10 parts of soya-bean cake or cottonseed cakes
0.5～1 part of white sugar
0.5～1 part of land plaster
0.5～2 part of superphosphate
0.5～1 part of moisture of salt: 185～200 parts in water
The pack wet feed weighs 0.75～1.25 kilogram/every bag, and secondary kind inoculum concentration is 15～30 wheats/every bag, after the inoculation sack is tightened, and sends out bacterium and cultivates 35～45 days, and fruiting, original hase form the back and gathered in 5～10 days.
2. cultivation asafoetida mushroom method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the one-level kind prepares prescription and is 200 parts of peeling potatos, 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts in agar, 4 parts of peptones, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 1.5 parts in magnesium sulfate, 1000 parts in water is weight portion, the pH nature; To remove the peel 200 parts of potatos adds 1000 parts in water and boiled 20 minutes, filtered through gauze, keep the skin wet 1000 parts, again other raw material is put into, endure on electric furnace to the agar thawing, the packing test tube was sterilized 20～30 minutes under 0.098～0.12 MPa pressure, the system test tube slant, 0.3cm is inoculated in the cooling back under aseptic condition
2Original female kind of asafoetida mushroom, be placed in 23～28 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivated 10～15 days.
3. cultivation asafoetida mushroom method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the secondary kind prepares prescription and is 100 parts of wheat wheats, and 0.5～1.2 part of land plaster is weight portion; Earlier wheat was soaked 24 hours, clean in pot, to boil after the impurity elimination to wheat and do not have the white heart, epidermis does not break, pull out and dry surface moisture, make the wheat water content be controlled at 40～50% percentage by weights, mix land plaster and puddle evenly, the dress Cans, under 0.12～0.15 MPa, sterilized 1.5～2 hours, and treated under aseptic condition, to insert 0.8～1.5cm after the Cans cooling
2The one-level kind, be placed in 23～28 ℃ of culturing room and cultivated 20～25 days.
4. cultivation asafoetida mushroom method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that cultivation medium formula is: major ingredient: 100 parts of corncob or corn stalk are weight portion, down together.Auxiliary material:
10 parts in wheat bran
5 parts of soya-bean cake or cottonseed cakes
1 part of white sugar
1 part of land plaster
1 part of superphosphate
0.5 part of moisture of salt: 185 parts in water.
5. cultivation asafoetida mushroom method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, being produced as follows of culturing raw material: select corncob or maize straw fresh, that nothing is gone mouldy, tanned by the sun 2～3 days, pulverize, maize cob meal is broken into the soybean grain size, cross No. 2.5 after corn stalk is pulverized and sieve and other auxiliary material mixing, blunge evenly, stewing 2 hours of heap, pack; Select (14～17cm) * (28～35cm) * (0.04～0.05cm) polypropylene knuckle plastic sack for use, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of having handled well is packed in the plastic sack, the dress wet feed weighs 0.75～1.25 kilogram, adorned the back and made a call to a hole from the top down at the material middle position with the wooden stick of 1.5 centimetres of diameters, use the plastic ties tying, sterilization; Can adopt normal-pressure sterilization or autoclaving, 1 atmospheric pressure of normal-pressure sterilization kept 8～12 hours, and autoclaving kept under 0.12～0.15 MPa 2～3 hours.
6. cultivation asafoetida mushroom method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, sends out the bacterium condition of culture to be: culturing room's temperature that culture bag moves into is controlled at 23～28 ℃, lucifuge, and incubation time is 35～45 days.
7. cultivation asafoetida mushroom method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the temperature of fruiting environment is controlled at 12～20 ℃, and illumination 150～300 luxs ventilate 1～3 every day, and each 30～40 minutes, relative air humidity remained on 85～90%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB021100527A CN1174671C (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2002-02-01 | Asafetida mushroom culturing process |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021100527A CN1174671C (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2002-02-01 | Asafetida mushroom culturing process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1362010A true CN1362010A (en) | 2002-08-07 |
| CN1174671C CN1174671C (en) | 2004-11-10 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828480A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-09-15 | 迟庆杰 | Pleurotus ferulae iarovization post-maturation low-temperature treatment artificial cultivation method |
| CN102550295A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-07-11 | 湖南省和盛农业开发有限公司 | Method for cultivation of edible fungus |
| CN104430212A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-25 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Spore suspension for improving yield of white muscardine silkworms and application of spore suspension |
| CN105036908A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 鲁东大学 | Pleurotus nebrodensis mother seed medium |
| CN105103937A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-12-02 | 漳州市农业科学研究所 | Method for preparing agaricus bisporus breeder seed by utilizing tartary buckwheat and mushroom dreg |
| CN112005815A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 蚌埠学院 | Method for cultivating pleurotus nebrodensis secondary strain |
-
2002
- 2002-02-01 CN CNB021100527A patent/CN1174671C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828480A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-09-15 | 迟庆杰 | Pleurotus ferulae iarovization post-maturation low-temperature treatment artificial cultivation method |
| CN101828480B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2013-01-02 | 乌鲁木齐高鑫博渊生物科技有限公司 | Pleurotus ferulae iarovization post-maturation low-temperature treatment artificial cultivation method |
| CN102550295A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-07-11 | 湖南省和盛农业开发有限公司 | Method for cultivation of edible fungus |
| CN104430212A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-25 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Spore suspension for improving yield of white muscardine silkworms and application of spore suspension |
| CN105036908A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 鲁东大学 | Pleurotus nebrodensis mother seed medium |
| CN105103937A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-12-02 | 漳州市农业科学研究所 | Method for preparing agaricus bisporus breeder seed by utilizing tartary buckwheat and mushroom dreg |
| CN112005815A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 蚌埠学院 | Method for cultivating pleurotus nebrodensis secondary strain |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1174671C (en) | 2004-11-10 |
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