CN110558457A - artificial feed for sweet potato elephant beetles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
artificial feed for sweet potato elephant beetles and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
the invention discloses an artificial feed for sweet potato weevils, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-100 parts of agar powder, 140-200 parts of sweet potato powder, 15-25 parts of casein, 11-20 parts of cellulose, 30-50 parts of dextroglucose, 5-10 parts of yeast extract, 1.5-3 parts of mixed salt, 8-10 parts of cane sugar, 10-20 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.05-0.2 part of vitamin B complex, 0.05-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.25-1 part of inositol, 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol, 0.3-0.9 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-1 part of potassium sorbate, 0.1-0.4 part of tetracycline and 800-1000 parts of water. The raw materials used in the invention are all common nutrient substances, are easy to obtain, simple to prepare and low in cost, and can meet the nutritional requirements of growth and development of the sweet potato weevil larvae at each development stage.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of artificial feed, in particular to artificial feed for sweet potato weevils and a preparation method thereof.
background
Sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) belongs to Coleoptera, weevil family, is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas such as Africa, southeast Asia and America, and is harmful to Convolvulaceae plants such as sweet potato, morning glory, moonlight flower, radix dactylicapni and swamp spinach, and is mainly harmful to sweet potato. Adult and larva of the sweet potato weevil can damage the sweet potato, and the larva eats the potato stem and the potato block mainly. The overwintering larvae and adults move to the potato seedling field to eat along with the sweet potato seedling culture. The vine heads are eaten by the larvae, the vine heads are swollen after being damaged and are easy to break, the normal growth of plants is hindered, the larvae eat the potato blocks to form curved and unshaped tunnels, the tunnels are filled with insect feces, the wounds of the potato blocks cause the invasion of black spot germs to cause diseases, so that the damaged potato blocks have foul smell and bitter taste and cannot be eaten or fed. The adult insects are favored to hide at the back of the leaves in the daytime and harm veins, leaf stalks, buds, tender leaves, tender stems and potato vine epidermis, move on the ground at night, harm potato blocks exposed out of the ground and bite into a plurality of small holes, eggs are laid on the potato blocks exposed out of the ground or thicker potato vines, the potato blocks or thicker potato vines are firstly bitten into the small holes, the eggs are laid in the holes, and each hole is provided with 1 egg. The larvae which are hatched at first eat the potato blocks or the vine heads, sometimes, the larvae in 1 potato block are dozens of more, and few, and usually, each pupa channel only inhabits 1 larva. The feed and spawning of the imagoes are facilitated under the conditions of hot weather, acid soil, lack of organic matters, severe soil cracking, continuous cropping between host crops, bare potato blocks and the like, and the damage is severe. The sweet potato weevil is one of the most important pests in the growth period and the storage period of the sweet potato, and has serious harm in potato areas in the south of China (Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan and Taiwan). Due to the fact that generations of the small weevils are overlapped, eggs are below the epidermis of the potato blocks, the whole larval stage moves in the potato blocks or thicker potato vines, adults mainly move at night, natural enemies are few, and the short-distance migratory flight capability exists, the effect of using the broad-spectrum pesticide is not ideal, and the generation of the pesticide resistance of insects and the pollution to food and environment can be caused by the fact that a large amount of chemical pesticide is used. The potato block yield caused by the insect damage is slightly lost by 20-30 percent, and the potato block yield is over 60 percent even no more than absolutely harvested. In recent years, because sweet potato seeds and seedlings are transported and regulated, and places suitable for the overwintering of the sweet potato weevils, such as potato cellars and greenhouses, are arranged in the north, the weevils tend to spread from the south to the north. The main growing areas of sweet potatoes in the world are researching technical measures for preventing and controlling weevils of sweet potatoes. With the concern of people on food safety, in order to protect an agricultural ecosystem, a biological control technology for controlling pests by using natural enemy insects, sex attractants, biological pesticides and insect germs becomes a development direction for controlling crop pests and diseases, no scientific research in aspects of insect physiology, toxicology, pathology, attractants, ethology and the like needs to produce sweet potato weevils which are regularly developed in large quantities and can be planned to be produced, an artificial mass propagation technology of tested insects is one of important means for agricultural pest control research, and the most common method for indoor feeding of the sweet potato weevils is a fresh sweet potato tuber feeding method at present. The breeding method is very limited, and firstly, because of the variety and size of the sweet potato blocks, the indoor air humidity, the indoor temperature, the indoor illumination and other reasons, a large amount of sweet potato weevils which are regularly developed and can be produced in a planned way are difficult to cultivate; secondly, the supply of sweet potatoes is relatively short in spring and summer in the north, the storage and the preservation of the sweet potatoes need very large cost, and the sweet potatoes in the south are easy to transport and carry eggs and larvae of weevil beetles; the breeding efficiency of the weevil is low, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, and in some experiments, the potato blocks cannot replace artificial feed, for example, in an RNAi (ribonucleic acid interference) treatment experiment by a feeding method, dsRNA (double-stranded ribonucleic acid) needs to be added into the artificial feed to feed the weevil which has emerged for 3 days, but when the weevil is fed by the sweet potato blocks, the growth uniformity of the weevil is difficult to achieve during feeding due to the volume of the sweet potato blocks, the differentiation difference of the weevil on the surface of the sweet potato and the inside of the sweet potato blocks is large, and the weevil which has emerged for the same number of days in the same batch cannot be determined.
the information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to solve the technical problems, provides the feed for artificially feeding the sweet potato weevil and the preparation method thereof, has the characteristics of easily available raw materials, high feeding efficiency, low cost and the like, can obtain the sweet potato weevil with uniform development and consistent insect age, and provides technical support for realizing long-term, large-scale, uniform and subculture feeding of the sweet potato weevil.
in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
An artificial feed for sweet potato weevils comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-100 parts of agar powder, 140-200 parts of sweet potato powder, 15-25 parts of casein, 11-20 parts of cellulose, 30-50 parts of dextroglucose, 5-10 parts of yeast extract, 1.5-3 parts of mixed salt, 8-10 parts of cane sugar, 10-20 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.05-0.2 part of vitamin B complex, 0.05-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.25-1 part of inositol, 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol, 0.3-0.9 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-1 part of potassium sorbate, 0.1-0.4 part of tetracycline and 800-1000 parts of distilled water or deionized water.
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of agar powder, 160 parts of sweet potato powder, 20 parts of casein, 15 parts of cellulose, 40 parts of dextroglucose, 8 parts of yeast extract, 2 parts of mixed salt, 9 parts of cane sugar, 15 parts of ethanol, 1.5 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.1 part of vitamin B complex, 0.075 part of choline chloride, 0.5 part of inositol, 0.75 part of stigmasterol, 0.6 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of potassium sorbate, 0.2 part of tetracycline and 900 parts of distilled water or deionized water.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of agar powder, 180 parts of sweet potato powder, 25 parts of casein, 20 parts of cellulose, 50 parts of dextroglucose, 10 parts of yeast extract, 3 parts of mixed salt, 10 parts of cane sugar, 20 parts of ethanol, 2 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.2 part of vitamin B complex, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 1 part of inositol, 1 part of stigmasterol, 0.9 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 1 part of potassium sorbate, 0.4 part of tetracycline and 1000 parts of distilled water or deionized water.
preferably, the sweet potato powder is dry powder obtained by thoroughly cleaning sweet potato tuber roots, slicing or shredding, naturally drying in the sun for 168 hours at normal temperature or drying for 48 hours at 55 +/-1 ℃, crushing and screening by a 60-mesh screen.
preferably, the mixed salt component consists of monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, manganese sulfate, iron phosphate, zinc chloride and copper sulfate, and the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate to the copper sulfate is as follows: magnesium sulfate: calcium dihydrogen phosphate: sodium chloride: manganese sulfate: iron phosphate: zinc chloride: copper sulfate 271: 64: 20: 2: 8: 2: 1.
preferably, the vitamin B complex consists of VB1, VB2, VB3, VB5, VB6, VB7, VB9 and VB 12 in a weight ratio of VB 1: VB 2: VB 3: VB 5: VB 6: VB 7: VB 9: VB 12-125: 250: 500: 500: 125: 10: 125: 1.
the preparation method of the artificial feed for the sweet potato weevil comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following components in parts by weight according to a formula: 70-100 parts of agar powder, 140-200 parts of sweet potato powder, 15-25 parts of casein, 11-20 parts of cellulose, 30-50 parts of dextroglucose, 5-10 parts of yeast extract, 1.5-3 parts of mixed salt, 8-10 parts of cane sugar, 10-20 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.05-0.2 part of vitamin B complex, 0.05-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.25-1 part of inositol, 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol, 0.3-0.9 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-1 part of potassium sorbate, 0.1-0.4 part of tetracycline and 800-1000 parts of distilled water or deionized water;
(2) Uniformly mixing agar, casein, cellulose, composite salt, yeast extract and distilled water or deionized water weighed in the step (1), and then autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 8-15 min;
(3) Dissolving ascorbic acid, vitamin B complex, choline chloride, inositol, potassium sorbate and tetracycline weighed in the step (1) into 3-8ml of cooled sterilized water;
(4) Dissolving stigmasterol and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate weighed in the step (1) in ethanol;
(5) Cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2) to 50-55 ℃, adding the substances obtained in the step (3) and the step (4) and the substances obtained in the step (1) and weighing the obtained dextroglucose, sweet potato powder and cane sugar, and uniformly stirring to obtain a semi-finished feed;
(6) And (3) placing the semi-finished feed prepared in the step (5) into a container, sealing the container with a preservative film, and sterilizing the container with ultraviolet rays for 15-20min to obtain the feed for artificially feeding the sweet potato weevil, placing the feed into a refrigerator with the temperature of 2-8 ℃, and refrigerating the feed for later use.
The yeast extract, the casein, the glucose and the compound vitamin in the formula can provide guarantee for the immunity, the disease resistance and the adaptability of the sweet potato weevil; the ascorbic acid, the vitamin B complex, the choline chloride, the stigmasterol and the inositol are vitamins and growth factors required by the growth of the sweet potato weevil; the potassium sorbate, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the tetracycline enable the feed to have good antiseptic and antibacterial effects, and the feed is easy to store for a long time, and larvae do not need to be replaced from the hatching growth of the egg masses to the later stage of three years.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The raw materials used in the invention are all common nutrient substances, are easy to obtain, simple to prepare and low in cost, and can meet the nutritional requirements of growth and development of the sweet potato weevil larvae at each development stage; the sweet potato small weevil is fed by the feed formula, so that the problem that the sweet potato small weevil cannot be subcultured all year round due to the shortage of natural feed in spring and summer is solved, the sweet potato small weevil with uniform development and consistent insect age can be obtained, technical support is provided for realizing large-scale, long-term and subculture feeding of the sweet potato small weevil, technical guarantee is provided for the accuracy of biological detection results, and raw material guarantee is provided for artificial propagation of natural enemy insects; through test tests, compared with the sweet potato weevil fed by the potato blocks, the growth and development of the sweet potato weevil fed by the sweet potato weevil replacing feed has no statistically significant difference in various biological indexes.
Detailed Description
the following detailed description is to be read in connection with specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
when an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or upper and lower limit of the preferred value, it is to be understood that any range where any pair of upper limit or preferred value and any lower limit or preferred value of the range is combined is specifically disclosed, regardless of whether the range is specifically disclosed. Unless otherwise indicated, numerical range values set forth herein are intended to include the endpoints of the range, and all integers and fractions within the range.
All percentages, parts, ratios, etc. herein are by weight unless otherwise specified; the ethanol used in the following examples was absolute ethanol.
example 1
A method for preparing artificial feed of sweet potato weevils comprises the following operation steps:
(1) Weighing the following components in g: 70g of agar powder, 140g of sweet potato powder, 15g of casein, 11g of cellulose, 30g of dextroglucose, 5g of yeast extract, 1.5g of mixed salt, 8g of cane sugar, 10g of absolute ethyl alcohol, 1g of ascorbic acid, 0.05g of vitamin B complex, 0.05g of choline chloride, 0.25g of inositol, 0.5g of stigmasterol, 0.3g of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4g of potassium sorbate, 0.1g of tetracycline and 800g of distilled water; wherein the sweet potato powder is obtained by thoroughly cleaning sweet potato root tuber, slicing or shredding, naturally drying in the sun at room temperature for 168 hr, naturally drying in the sun at room temperature or oven drying at 55 + -1 deg.C, pulverizing, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve; the mixed salt comprises the following components in percentage by weight: magnesium sulfate: calcium dihydrogen phosphate: sodium chloride: manganese sulfate: iron phosphate: zinc chloride: copper sulfate 271: 64: 20: 2: 8: 2: 1; the vitamin B complex consists of VB1, VB2, VB3, VB5, VB6, VB7, VB9 and VB 12 in a weight ratio of VB 1: VB 2: VB 3: VB 5: VB 6: VB 7: VB 9: VB 12-125: 250: 500: 500: 125: 10: 125: 1;
(2) uniformly mixing agar, casein, cellulose, composite salt, yeast extract and distilled water or deionized water weighed in the step (1), and then autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 8 min;
(3) Dissolving ascorbic acid, vitamin B complex, choline chloride, inositol, potassium sorbate and tetracycline weighed in the step (1) into 3ml of cooled sterilized water;
(4) Dissolving stigmasterol and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate weighed in the step (1) in absolute ethyl alcohol;
(5) Cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2) to 50 ℃, adding the mixture obtained in the step (3) and the mixture obtained in the step (4) and the dextroglucose, the sweet potato powder and the sucrose in the formula amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain a semi-finished feed;
(6) And (3) placing the semi-finished feed prepared in the step (5) into a container, sealing the container with a preservative film, sterilizing the container with ultraviolet rays for 15min to obtain the feed for artificially feeding the sweet potato weevil, placing the feed into a refrigerator with the temperature of 2 ℃, and refrigerating the feed for later use.
example 2
a method for preparing artificial feed of sweet potato weevils comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following components in g: 85g of agar powder, 160g of sweet potato powder, 20g of casein, 15g of cellulose, 40g of dextroglucose, 8g of yeast extract, 2g of mixed salt, 9g of cane sugar, 15g of absolute ethyl alcohol, 1.5g of ascorbic acid, 0.1g of vitamin B complex, 0.075g of choline chloride, 0.5g of inositol, 0.75g of stigmasterol, 0.6g of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8g of potassium sorbate, 0.2g of tetracycline and 900g of deionized water; wherein the sweet potato powder is obtained by thoroughly cleaning sweet potato tuber, slicing or shredding, oven drying at 55 + -1 deg.C for 48 hr, pulverizing, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve; the mixed salt consists of monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, manganese sulfate, iron phosphate, zinc chloride and copper sulfate, and the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate to the copper sulfate is as follows: magnesium sulfate: calcium dihydrogen phosphate: sodium chloride: manganese sulfate: iron phosphate: zinc chloride: copper sulfate 271: 64: 20: 2: 8: 2: 1; the vitamin B complex consists of VB1, VB2, VB3, VB5, VB6, VB7, VB9 and VB 12 in a weight ratio of VB 1: VB 2: VB 3: VB 5: VB 6: VB 7: VB 9: VB 12-125: 250: 500: 500: 125: 10: 125: 1;
(2) Uniformly mixing agar, casein, cellulose, composite salt, yeast extract and distilled water or deionized water weighed in the step (1), and then autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 10 min;
(3) Dissolving ascorbic acid, vitamin B complex, choline chloride, inositol, potassium sorbate and tetracycline weighed in the step (1) into 5ml of cooled sterilized water;
(4) dissolving stigmasterol and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate weighed in the step (1) in absolute ethyl alcohol;
(5) Cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2) to 52 ℃, adding the mixture obtained in the step (3) and the mixture obtained in the step (4) and the dextroglucose, the sweet potato powder and the sucrose in the formula amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain a semi-finished feed;
(6) And (3) placing the semi-finished feed prepared in the step (5) into a container, sealing the container with a preservative film, and sterilizing the container with ultraviolet rays for 17min to obtain the feed for artificially feeding the sweet potato weevil, placing the feed into a refrigerator with the temperature of 4 ℃, and refrigerating the feed for later use.
Example 3
a method for preparing artificial feed of sweet potato weevils comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following components in g: 100g of agar powder, 200g of sweet potato powder, 25g of casein, 20g of cellulose, 50g of dextroglucose, 10g of yeast extract, 3g of mixed salt, 10g of cane sugar, 20g of absolute ethyl alcohol, 2g of ascorbic acid, 0.2g of vitamin B complex, 0.1g of choline chloride, 1g of inositol, 1g of stigmasterol, 0.9g of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 1g of potassium sorbate, 0.4g of tetracycline and 1000g of distilled water; wherein the sweet potato powder is obtained by thoroughly cleaning sweet potato root tuber, slicing or shredding, naturally drying in the sun at normal temperature for 168 hr, pulverizing, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve; the mixed salt consists of monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, manganese sulfate, iron phosphate, zinc chloride and copper sulfate, and the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate to the copper sulfate is as follows: magnesium sulfate: calcium dihydrogen phosphate: sodium chloride: manganese sulfate: iron phosphate: zinc chloride: copper sulfate 271: 64: 20: 2: 8: 2: 1; the vitamin B complex consists of VB1, VB2, VB3, VB5, VB6, VB7, VB9 and VB 12 in a weight ratio of VB 1: VB 2: VB 3: VB 5: VB 6: VB 7: VB 9: VB 12-125: 250: 500: 500: 125: 10: 125: 1;
(2) uniformly mixing agar, casein, cellulose, composite salt, yeast extract and distilled water or deionized water weighed in the step (1), and then autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 15 min;
(3) dissolving ascorbic acid, vitamin B complex, choline chloride, inositol, potassium sorbate and tetracycline weighed in the step (1) into 8ml of cooled sterilized water;
(4) dissolving stigmasterol and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate weighed in the step (1) in absolute ethyl alcohol;
(5) cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2) to 55 ℃, adding the mixture obtained in the step (3) and the mixture obtained in the step (4) and the dextroglucose, the sweet potato powder and the sucrose in the formula amount, and uniformly stirring to obtain a semi-finished feed;
(6) and (3) placing the semi-finished feed prepared in the step (5) into a container, sealing the container with a preservative film, and sterilizing the container with ultraviolet rays for 20min to obtain the feed for artificially feeding the sweet potato weevil, placing the feed into a refrigerator with the temperature of 8 ℃, and refrigerating the feed for later use.
And (3) performance testing:
The raising conditions of the sweet potato weevil are that the temperature is 27 +/-1 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is as follows: L/D is 0/24; every 50 heads of the artificial feed are placed in an insect breeding box, the specification of the insect breeding box is 36cm multiplied by 25cm multiplied by 10cm, an 80-mesh net cover is arranged on the artificial feed, the artificial feed prepared in the embodiment 1-3 is adopted, and 250g of the artificial feed is added every 5 days. In order to test the effect of the feed for artificially feeding sweetpotato weevils, prepared in examples 1-3 of the present invention, a conventional feeding feed was introduced as a control group. The feeding method of the control group is the same as that of the embodiment 1-embodiment 3, except that the adopted feed is fresh sweet potato blocks purchased in the market, and the obtained technical indexes are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the table above, when the artificial feed provided by the invention and the control fresh potato block feed are used for feeding, no significant difference exists in the aspects of key survival rate, egg laying amount, pupation rate, eclosion rate and the like, and the artificial feed and the control fresh potato block feed are all in a higher level, so that technical support is provided for realizing large-scale, long-term and uniform feeding of the sweet potato weevils. The method provides a raw material guarantee for artificial propagation of natural enemy insects, and provides a technical guarantee for the accuracy of scientific research results such as biological detection and the like.
the foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. the artificial feed for the sweet potato weevil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 70-100 parts of agar powder, 140-200 parts of sweet potato powder, 15-25 parts of casein, 11-20 parts of cellulose, 30-50 parts of dextroglucose, 5-10 parts of yeast extract, 1.5-3 parts of mixed salt, 8-10 parts of cane sugar, 10-20 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.05-0.2 part of vitamin B complex, 0.05-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.25-1 part of inositol, 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol, 0.3-0.9 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-1 part of potassium sorbate, 0.1-0.4 part of tetracycline and 800-1000 parts of water.
2. the artificial feed according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of agar powder, 160 parts of sweet potato powder, 20 parts of casein, 15 parts of cellulose, 40 parts of dextroglucose, 8 parts of yeast extract, 2 parts of mixed salt, 9 parts of cane sugar, 15 parts of ethanol, 1.5 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.1 part of vitamin B complex, 0.075 part of choline chloride, 0.5 part of inositol, 0.75 part of stigmasterol, 0.6 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of potassium sorbate, 0.2 part of tetracycline and 900 parts of water.
3. The artificial feed according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of agar powder, 180 parts of sweet potato powder, 25 parts of casein, 20 parts of cellulose, 50 parts of dextroglucose, 10 parts of yeast extract, 3 parts of mixed salt, 10 parts of cane sugar, 20 parts of ethanol, 2 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.2 part of vitamin B complex, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 1 part of inositol, 1 part of stigmasterol, 0.9 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 1 part of potassium sorbate, 0.4 part of tetracycline and 1000 parts of water.
4. The artificial feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the sweet potato powder is obtained by thoroughly cleaning sweet potato tuber, slicing or shredding, naturally drying in the sun at normal temperature for 168 hours or drying at 55 +/-1 ℃ for 48 hours, crushing, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve.
5. The artificial feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the mixed salt comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, manganese sulfate, iron phosphate, zinc chloride and copper sulfate, wherein the weight ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the copper sulfate is as follows: magnesium sulfate: calcium dihydrogen phosphate: sodium chloride: manganese sulfate: iron phosphate: zinc chloride: copper sulfate 271: 64: 20: 2: 8: 2: 1.
6. The artificial feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the vitamin B complex consists of VB1, VB2, VB3, VB5, VB6, VB7, VB9 and VB 12 in a weight ratio of VB 1: VB 2: VB 3: VB 5: VB 6: VB 7: VB 9: VB 12-125: 250: 500: 500: 125: 10: 125: 1.
7. A method for preparing an artificial feed for sweet potato weevils as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following components in parts by weight according to a formula: 70-100 parts of agar powder, 140-200 parts of sweet potato powder, 15-25 parts of casein, 11-20 parts of cellulose, 30-50 parts of dextroglucose, 5-10 parts of yeast extract, 1.5-3 parts of mixed salt, 8-10 parts of cane sugar, 10-20 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.05-0.2 part of vitamin B complex, 0.05-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.25-1 part of inositol, 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol, 0.3-0.9 part of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.4-1 part of potassium sorbate, 0.1-0.4 part of tetracycline and 800-1000 parts of water;
(2) uniformly mixing agar, casein, cellulose, composite salt, yeast extract and water weighed in the step (1), and autoclaving for 8-15 min;
(3) Dissolving ascorbic acid, vitamin B complex, choline chloride, inositol, potassium sorbate and tetracycline weighed in the step (1) in water;
(4) dissolving stigmasterol and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate weighed in the step (1) in ethanol;
(5) cooling the mixture obtained in the step (2) to 50-55 ℃, adding the substances obtained in the step (3) and the step (4) and the substances obtained in the step (1) and weighing the obtained dextroglucose, sweet potato powder and cane sugar, and uniformly stirring to obtain a semi-finished feed;
(6) and (4) putting the semi-finished feed prepared in the step (5) into a container, sealing and sterilizing for 15-20min to obtain the feed for artificially feeding the sweet potato weevil.
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