CN107242203A - A kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans - Google Patents
A kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans Download PDFInfo
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- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
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- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- 150000002333 glycines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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Abstract
The invention belongs to cultural technique field, a kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans is specifically disclosed.The present invention first takes mature larva from soya bean planting site and is put into emergence in room temperature, beans moth after emergence is subjected to secondary mating spawning under the stimulation of warm light lamp, collect the laggard hatching adult of the red ovum of beans, obtain and be put into after the red larva of beans in greenhouse cultivation ground, use european grape stem and leaf, the discarded leaf of the mixing such as sweet potato leaves is cultivated, density benefit is carried out when larva length to 2~3 age dilute, length to harvesting during 5 age is sold, it is red that the present invention collects discarded farming leaf progress cultivation beans, reduce the dependence and injury to bean plant, and outdoor environment is simulated indoors, suitable beans pellet is sought to sprout wings, spawning, hatching and the environment of growth, greatly reduce the death rate, large-scale indoor culture can be achieved, it is with a wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultural technique field, a kind of red side of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans is specifically disclosed
Method.
Background technology
Beans are red, are called bean worm, are the larvas of greenish brown hawk moth.Greenish brown hawk moth, belongs to Lepidoptera, Sphingidae.It is the master of soybean crops
Insect is wanted, mung bean, cowpea etc. can be also endangered.Blade can be eaten into and be incised with larval feeding soybean leaves by the worm, when hairworm is more,
Beans strain can be eaten into light stalk.- bucket larva can eat up 2~3 plants of beans leaves.Beans pellet is also a kind of cuisines simultaneously, and the red not only local flavor of beans is fresh
U.S., and it is nutritious.
Greenish brown hawk moth adult can be laid eggs in night mating, mating after 3 hours, and every female adult is laid eggs 200~450, typically
Every leaf is only laid eggs 1.August is larva peak period, and its main host plants is soybean, locust tree, Chinese wistaria and Pueraria lobota category, Mucuna plant.
Larva had for 5 ages, and body is sturdy, and tranquillization often lifts body front portion, and head is shunk downwards, motionless for a long time.The larva just hatched
There is negative phototropism, blade back of hiding daytime, night takes food, the cloudy day causes harm all day.1~2 instar larvae is caused harm at the top of plant, sting food leaf margin into
Incise, do not migrate typically.During 3~4 age, Larva increase can turn strain and cause harm.5 ages were the gluttony ages of killing bean hawkmoth larva,
The 90% of larval phase total food ingestion is accounted for, whole strain soybean light stalk can be eaten into when serious.After September, killing bean hawkmoth larva lands successively,
Buried and survived the winter with Diapause Larva state.When 4~May of next year, weather turned warm, larva, which starts to do zooecium, to pupate, and then turns into
Worm.
At present, for the red vacancy of spring fresh beans, the red artificial greenhouse cultivation of beans has begun to take shape, and area is up to more than 1000
Mu, partly meets demand of the spring to beans pellet, but soybean growth cycle is short, and the red egg hatching of regulation beans is synchronous with soybean growth
Process is more complicated, and the leaf amount of soybean is limited, and the red per mu yield of beans is not high, beans pellet ovum outdoor growth by natural environment influence compared with
Greatly, the problem of causing beans pellet death rate increase.It would therefore be highly desirable to which developing a kind of can effectively improve the beans of the red survival rate of beans and per mu yield
Red cultural method, has necessary meaning to association area.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention：It is short for current soybean growth cycle, the red egg hatching of regulation beans and soybean
The process for growing synchronization is more complicated, and the leaf amount of soybean is limited, and the red per mu yield of beans is not high, and beans pellet ovum is in outdoor growth by nature
Ambient influnence is larger, and causing the red increased defect of the death rate of beans, there is provided a kind of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans pellet
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is using technical scheme as described below：
（1）In spring, in the soil ground of soya bean planting site taking beans pellet is placed on non-woven fabrics, and the mulching soil above beans pellet,
It is then that the non-woven fabrics of mulching soil is disposed within；
（2）Frame is built indoors, and is covered in brandreth surface with cotton gauze, is counted by weight, respectively on the surface of cotton gauze
100~120 parts of fresh soybean stalks, 100~120 parts of acacia leaves, 30~50 parts of european grape stem and leafs and 50~70 are fixed respectively
Part sweet potato leaves, carry out beans pellet and sprout wings；
（3）Beans moth is obtained after beans pellet is sprouted wings, warm light lamp is opened and promotes beans moth to be carried out on soybean stalks and acacia leaf for the first time
Mating is laid eggs, and then sets indoor humidity and temperature, opens warm light lamp, promotes beans moth second in soybean stalks and acacia leaf
Upper progress mating spawning, collects soybean stalks and acacia leaf with the red ovum of beans；
（4）Fraction meter by weight, choose respectively 80~100 parts of Folium Glycines, 80~100 parts of acacia leaves, 50~80 parts of grape cane leaves,
50~60 parts of sweet potato leaves, 40~50 parts of cucumber leafs, 30~50 portions of luffa leafs, 10~20 parts of green pepper leaves and 30~50 parts of green gram leafs,
Discarded leaf must be mixed after stirring mixing；
（5）Beans pellet cultivation ground is selected in cultivation greenhouse centre circle, and will be separated in the middle of cultivation ground with plank, long 0.5m, wide 0.5m is divided into
Grid, first lay wood shavings in the bottom of grid, then the discarded leaf of laying mixing on wood shavings；
（6）Soybean stalks and acacia leaf with the red ovum of beans are put into the grid on beans pellet cultivation ground, cultivation ground temperature is set
And humidity, hatched on this condition, the red larva of the successful beans of hatching is collected after hatching；
（7）The red larva of beans is dispersed in the grid on cultivation ground, the red larva of 50~70 beans of cultivation in every lattice, every 5~7
It is changed in grid and mixes discarded leaf once, and density is carried out when larva length to 2~3 age and mends dilute, keep having in per grid 5~
10 beans pellets, and mixed discarded leaf once in replacing grid every 3~4 days, until beans pellet length to harvesting during 5 age is sold.
Step（1）Described in the thickness of soil covering be 10~15cm, the water content of soil is 40~50%, Indoor Temperature
Spend for 24~26 DEG C, indoor humidity is 55~59%.
Step（2）Described in the red emergence temperature of beans be 27~32 DEG C, beans pellet emergence humidity is 55~60%.
Step（3）Described in indoor humidity be 60~70%, indoor temperature be 30~34 DEG C.
Step（3）Described in first time mating spawning when warm light lamp power be 30~50W, second of mating spawning
Warm light lamp power is 60~80W.
Step（6）Described in cultivation temperature be 28~33 DEG C, cultivation ground humidity be 60~70%.
The present invention is compared with other method, and advantageous effects are：
（1）The present invention is red using discarded farming leaf progress cultivation beans are collected, and reduces using and relying on to soybean blade face, i.e.,
Make it is limited in Soybean Leaves amount, under conditions of the red per mu yield of beans is not high can also large area cultivation beans it is red, reduce external environment
Influence, the selectivity of cultivating condition is improved, so as to improve beans pellet cultivation quantity and culture efficiency；
（2）The present invention simulates outdoor environment indoors, seeks the environment of suitable beans pellet emergence, spawning, hatching and growth, so that
Improve the condition in outdoor growth, so as to greatly reduce the death rate, improve survival rate, large-scale indoor culture can be achieved,
With huge economic benefit；
（3）The present invention carries out beans moth secondary mating spawning under the stimulation of warm light lamp, collects the laggard hatching adult of the red ovum of beans, makes
Cultivated with the discarded leaf of the mixing such as european grape stem and leaf, sweet potato leaves, and density benefit is dilute, this method management is convenient, yield is high, disease
It is few, larva is had enough blades in time, while reduce larva amount of exercise, reduction endotrophic consumption, and can be with
Effective accumulated temperature is reached in advance, promote beans pellet to pupate and sprout wings in advance.
Embodiment
In spring, beans pellet 20~30 is taken in the soil ground of soya bean planting site, is placed on non-woven fabrics, and above beans pellet
Cover the soil that 10~15cm water content is 40~50%, then by nonwoven be arranged in temperature be 24~26 DEG C and humidity be 55~
59% interior；Build a height of 1.5~1.7m indoors, a width of 1.5~2.0m brandreth, and it is covered in cotton gauze brandreth table
Face, is counted by weight, fixed respectively on the surface of cotton gauze respectively 100~120 parts of fresh soybean stalks, 100~120 parts
Acacia leaf, 30~50 parts of european grape stem and leafs and 50~70 parts of sweet potato leaves, temperature is 27~32 DEG C indoors, and humidity is 55~60%
Under conditions of carry out beans pellet sprout wings；Treat that the warm light lamp of 30~50W in the red emergence Hou get Dou moths opening chamber of beans promotes beans moth in soya bean
Mating spawning is carried out on stalk and acacia leaf, it is 60~70% then to set indoor humidity, temperature is 30~34 DEG C, and simultaneously
60~80W warm light lamps are opened, promote beans moth to carry out mating spawning on soybean stalks and acacia leaf for the second time, collects and carries beans
The soybean stalks and acacia leaf of red ovum, it is standby；Fraction meter by weight, choose respectively 80~100 parts of Folium Glycines, 80~100 parts
Acacia leaf, 50~80 parts of grape cane leaves, 50~60 parts of sweet potato leaves, 40~50 parts of cucumber leafs, 30~50 portions of luffa leafs, 10~20 parts
Discarded leaf must be mixed after green pepper leaf and 30~50 parts of green gram leafs, 5~10min of stirring mixing；Long 4m is selected in cultivation greenhouse centre circle, it is wide
4m, high 0.3m beans pellet cultivation ground, and will be separated in the middle of cultivation ground with plank, it is divided into long 0.5m, wide 0.5m grid, first in side
The wood shavings of 10~12cm thickness are laid in the bottom of lattice, and the discarded leaf of 3~5cm thickness mixing is then laid on wood shavings；Beans will be carried
The soybean stalks and acacia leaf of red ovum are put into the grid on beans pellet cultivation ground, and it is 28~33 DEG C to set the temperature in cultivation ground,
Humidity is 60~70%, is hatched on this condition, and the red larva of the successful beans of hatching is collected in hatching after 3~4 days；By the red children of beans
Worm is dispersed in the grid on cultivation ground, the red larvas of 50~70 beans of cultivation in every lattice, was changed in grid and is mixed every 5~7 days
Close discarded leaf once, progress density benefit is dilute when larva length to 2~3 age, keep there are 5~10 beans pellets in per grid, and often
Discarded leaf was mixed in replacing grid once, every 3~4 days until beans pellet length to harvesting during 5 age is sold.
Example 1
In spring, beans pellet 20 is taken in the soil ground of soya bean planting site, is placed on non-woven fabrics, and 10cm is covered above beans pellet
Water content is 40% soil, and it is the interior that 24 DEG C and humidity are 55% that nonwoven then is arranged in into temperature；Build indoors a height of
1.5m, a width of 1.5m brandreth, and brandreth surface is covered in cotton gauze, count by weight, respectively on the surface of cotton gauze
100 parts of fresh soybean stalks, 100 parts of acacia leaves, 30 parts of european grape stem and leafs and 50 parts of sweet potato leaves are fixed respectively, indoors temperature
For 27 DEG C, humidity is progress beans pellet emergence under conditions of 55%；Treat that the warm light lamp of 30W in the red emergence Hou get Dou moths opening chamber of beans promotees
Enter beans moth and mating spawning is carried out on soybean stalks and acacia leaf, it is 60% then to set indoor humidity, temperature is 30 DEG C, and
60W warm light lamps are opened simultaneously, promote beans moth to carry out mating spawning on soybean stalks and acacia leaf for the second time, are collected and are carried beans
The soybean stalks and acacia leaf of red ovum, it is standby；Fraction meter, chooses 80 parts of Folium Glycines, 80 parts of acacia leaves, 50 respectively by weight
Part grape cane leaves, 50 parts of sweet potato leaves, 40 parts of cucumber leafs, 30 portions of luffa leafs, 10 parts of green pepper leaves and 30 parts of green gram leafs, stirring mixing 5min
After must mix discarded leaf；Long 4m, wide 4m, high 0.3m beans pellet cultivation ground are selected in cultivation greenhouse centre circle, and will be used in the middle of cultivation ground
Plank is separated, and is divided into long 0.5m, and wide 0.5m grid first lays the wood shavings of 10cm thickness, then in wood shavings in the bottom of grid
The upper discarded leaf of laying 3cm thickness mixing；Soybean stalks and acacia leaf with the red ovum of beans are put into the grid on beans pellet cultivation ground
In, it is 28 DEG C to set the temperature in cultivation ground, and humidity is 60%, is hatched on this condition, and hatching is collected after 3 days hatches into
The red larva of the beans of work(；The red larva of beans is dispersed in the grid on cultivation ground, the red larva of 50 beans of cultivation in every lattice, every 5
It, which is changed, mixes discarded leaf once in grid, progress density benefit is dilute when larva length to 2 age, keeps having 5 beans in per grid
Pellet, and mixed discarded leaf once in replacing grid every 3 days, until beans pellet length to harvesting during 5 age is sold.
Use the hatching success of the red worm's ovum of cultural technique beans of the present invention for 81%, the larva survival rate after hatching is
86%, culturing time is than the cycle time 7 days of outdoor breeding, and per mu yield is 280 jins, and the beans pellet of conventional method cultivation is incubated
Larva survival rate after change is 78.5%, and per mu yield is 210 jin.
Example 2
In spring, beans pellet 25 is taken in the soil ground of soya bean planting site, is placed on non-woven fabrics, and 13cm is covered above beans pellet
Water content is 45% soil, and it is the interior that 25 DEG C and humidity are 57% that nonwoven then is arranged in into temperature；Build indoors a height of
1.6m, a width of 1.8m brandreth, and brandreth surface is covered in cotton gauze, count by weight, respectively on the surface of cotton gauze
110 parts of fresh soybean stalks, 110 parts of acacia leaves, 40 parts of european grape stem and leafs and 60 parts of sweet potato leaves are fixed respectively, indoors temperature
For 29 DEG C, humidity is progress beans pellet emergence under conditions of 58%；Treat that the warm light lamp of 40W in the red emergence Hou get Dou moths opening chamber of beans promotees
Enter beans moth and mating spawning is carried out on soybean stalks and acacia leaf, it is 65% then to set indoor humidity, temperature is 32 DEG C, and
70W warm light lamps are opened simultaneously, promote beans moth to carry out mating spawning on soybean stalks and acacia leaf for the second time, are collected and are carried beans
The soybean stalks and acacia leaf of red ovum, it is standby；Fraction meter, chooses 90 parts of Folium Glycines, 90 parts of acacia leaves, 65 respectively by weight
Part grape cane leaves, 55 parts of sweet potato leaves, 45 parts of cucumber leafs, 40 portions of luffa leafs, 15 parts of green pepper leaves and 40 parts of green gram leafs, stirring mixing 8min
After must mix discarded leaf；Long 4m, wide 4m, high 0.3m beans pellet cultivation ground are selected in cultivation greenhouse centre circle, and will be used in the middle of cultivation ground
Plank is separated, and is divided into long 0.5m, and wide 0.5m grid first lays the wood shavings of 11cm thickness, then in wood shavings in the bottom of grid
The upper discarded leaf of laying 4cm thickness mixing；Soybean stalks and acacia leaf with the red ovum of beans are put into the grid on beans pellet cultivation ground
In, it is 31 DEG C to set the temperature in cultivation ground, and humidity is 65%, is hatched on this condition, and hatching is collected after 4 days hatches into
The red larva of the beans of work(；The red larva of beans is dispersed in the grid on cultivation ground, the red larva of 60 beans of cultivation in every lattice, every 6
It, which is changed, mixes discarded leaf once in grid, progress density benefit is dilute when larva length to 3 age, keeps having 8 beans in per grid
Pellet, and mixed discarded leaf once in replacing grid every 4 days, until beans pellet length to harvesting during 5 age is sold.
Use the hatching success of the red worm's ovum of cultural technique beans of the present invention for 83%, the larva survival rate after hatching is
88%, culturing time is than the cycle time 8 days of outdoor breeding, and per mu yield is 288 jins, and the beans pellet of conventional method cultivation is incubated
Larva survival rate after change is 79.5%, and per mu yield is 219 jin.
Example 3
In spring, beans pellet 30 is taken in the soil ground of soya bean planting site, is placed on non-woven fabrics, and 15cm is covered above beans pellet
Water content is 50% soil, and it is the interior that 26 DEG C and humidity are 59% that nonwoven then is arranged in into temperature；Build indoors a height of
1.7m, a width of 2.0m brandreth, and brandreth surface is covered in cotton gauze, count by weight, respectively on the surface of cotton gauze
120 parts of fresh soybean stalks, 120 parts of acacia leaves, 50 parts of european grape stem and leafs and 70 parts of sweet potato leaves are fixed respectively, indoors temperature
For 32 DEG C, humidity is progress beans pellet emergence under conditions of 60%；Treat that the warm light lamp of 50W in the red emergence Hou get Dou moths opening chamber of beans promotees
Enter beans moth and mating spawning is carried out on soybean stalks and acacia leaf, it is 70% then to set indoor humidity, temperature is 34 DEG C, and
80W warm light lamps are opened simultaneously, promote beans moth to carry out mating spawning on soybean stalks and acacia leaf for the second time, are collected and are carried beans
The soybean stalks and acacia leaf of red ovum, it is standby；Fraction meter by weight, choose respectively 100 parts of Folium Glycines, 100 parts of acacia leaves,
80 parts of grape cane leaves, 60 parts of sweet potato leaves, 50 parts of cucumber leafs, 50 portions of luffa leafs, 20 parts of green pepper leaves and 50 parts of green gram leafs, stirring mixing
Discarded leaf must be mixed after 10min；Long 4m, wide 4m, high 0.3m beans pellet cultivation ground are selected in cultivation greenhouse centre circle, and will be cultivated in ground
Between separated with plank, be divided into long 0.5m, wide 0.5m grid is first laid the wood shavings of 12cm thickness in the bottom of grid, then existed
The discarded leaf of 5cm thickness mixing is laid on wood shavings；Soybean stalks and acacia leaf with the red ovum of beans are put into beans pellet cultivation ground
In grid, it is 33 DEG C to set the temperature in cultivation ground, and humidity is 70%, is hatched on this condition, and hatching is collected after 4 days incubates
Change the red larva of successful beans；The red larva of beans is dispersed in the grid on cultivation ground, the red larva of 70 beans of cultivation in every lattice, often
Changed every 7 days in grid and mix discarded leaf once, progress density benefit is dilute when larva length to 3 age, keep having 10 in per grid
Beans pellet, and changed every 4 days discarded leaf is mixed in grid once, sells to harvesting during 5 age until beans pellet is long.
Use the hatching success of the red worm's ovum of cultural technique beans of the present invention for 86%, the larva survival rate after hatching is
90%, culturing time is than the cycle time 10 days of outdoor breeding, and per mu yield is 300 jins, and the beans pellet of conventional method cultivation is incubated
Larva survival rate after change is 81.2%, and per mu yield is 230 jin.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans, it is characterised in that specifically cultivation step is：
（1）In spring, in the soil ground of soya bean planting site taking beans pellet is placed on non-woven fabrics, and the mulching soil above beans pellet,
It is then that the non-woven fabrics of mulching soil is disposed within；
（2）Frame is built indoors, and is covered in brandreth surface with cotton gauze, is counted by weight, respectively on the surface of cotton gauze
100~120 parts of fresh soybean stalks, 100~120 parts of acacia leaves, 30~50 parts of european grape stem and leafs and 50~70 are fixed respectively
Part sweet potato leaves, carry out beans pellet and sprout wings；
（3）Beans moth is obtained after beans pellet is sprouted wings, warm light lamp is opened and promotes beans moth to be carried out on soybean stalks and acacia leaf for the first time
Mating is laid eggs, and then sets indoor humidity and temperature, opens warm light lamp, promotes beans moth second in soybean stalks and acacia leaf
Upper progress mating spawning, collects soybean stalks and acacia leaf with the red ovum of beans；
（4）Fraction meter by weight, choose respectively 80~100 parts of Folium Glycines, 80~100 parts of acacia leaves, 50~80 parts of grape cane leaves,
50~60 parts of sweet potato leaves, 40~50 parts of cucumber leafs, 30~50 portions of luffa leafs, 10~20 parts of green pepper leaves and 30~50 parts of green gram leafs,
Discarded leaf must be mixed after stirring mixing；
（5）Beans pellet cultivation ground is selected in cultivation greenhouse centre circle, and will be separated in the middle of cultivation ground with plank, long 0.5m, wide 0.5m is divided into
Grid, first lay wood shavings in the bottom of grid, then the discarded leaf of laying mixing on wood shavings；
（6）Soybean stalks and acacia leaf with the red ovum of beans are put into the grid on beans pellet cultivation ground, cultivation ground temperature is set
And humidity, hatched on this condition, the red larva of the successful beans of hatching is collected after hatching；
（7）The red larva of beans is dispersed in the grid on cultivation ground, the red larva of 50~70 beans of cultivation in every lattice, every 5~7
It is changed in grid and mixes discarded leaf once, and density is carried out when larva length to 2~3 age and mends dilute, keep having in per grid 5~
10 beans pellets, and mixed discarded leaf once in replacing grid every 3~4 days, until beans pellet length to harvesting during 5 age is sold.
2. a kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
（1）Described in the thickness of soil covering be 10~15cm, the water content of soil is 40~50%, and indoor temperature is 24~26 DEG C,
Indoor humidity is 55~59%.
3. a kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
（2）Described in the red emergence temperature of beans be 27~32 DEG C, beans pellet emergence humidity is 55~60%.
4. a kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
（3）Described in indoor humidity be 60~70%, indoor temperature be 30~34 DEG C.
5. a kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
（3）Described in first time mating spawning when warm light lamp power be 30~50W, second of mating spawning warm light lamp power be
60~80W.
6. a kind of red method of utilization plant waste leaf indoor culture beans according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
（6）Described in cultivation temperature be 28~33 DEG C, cultivation ground humidity be 60~70%.
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| CN109744205A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-14 | 丹阳市长富农业技术有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of beans pellet |
| CN114794028A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-29 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Indoor clanis bilineata tsingtauica breeding method by using green plant abscission leaves |
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