CN103109781B - Artificial breeding method of Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method of Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial breeding method of a Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee. The artificial breeding method of the Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee comprises the following steps: A1, establishing a bee multiplying chamber; A2, acquiring a bee seeding; A3, bee receiving method; A4, rejuvenating bee species; A5, rejuvenating a host. By indoor breeding prodenia litura as expanding propagating host of the Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee, artificial regulating and controlling temperature and humidity and the like, bee adult periods of the prodenia litura and the Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee are identical. A prodenia litura egg mass is utilized to parasitize for the Taiwan abdominal cocoon adult bee to breed the Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee, wherein rejuvenating technology of the bee seeding and host species, breed conservation technology and the like. The artificial breeding method of the Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee aims to artificially breed abundant parasite natural enemy, namely, the Taiwan abdominal cocoon bee and then conducts field release in target pest spawning period and has the advantages of improving field parasitism rate of the target pest, controlling the population quantity of the target pest, reducing crop damage degree, reducing chemical pesticide usage amount, improving yield and quality of agricultural output, and protecting life safety of people and ecological environment safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, especially a kind of Taiwan Chelonus artificial breeding method, breed parasite, carry out field adaptability, increase occurring in nature natural enemy quantity, improve occurring in nature target pest by the quantity of parasitism, effectively control target pest population quantity, alleviate its causing harm to crops, reduce access times and the usage amount of chemical pesticide, improve agricultural product quality, promote agricultural product security.
Background technology
Utilize parasitic wasp to prevent and treat the key technology of pest is can large scale artificial breeding, and to cause harm at target pest emergence period effective release control.This one side, take oophagous trichogrammae as the artificial culture of representative and a large amount of release tech, China is in world lead level.The 1950's, since pioneering " large ovum " (Eggs of Philosamia Cynthia Ricini) breeding oophagous trichogrammae technology of the sincere imperial academician in Pu, the Hosts of oophagous trichogrammae, in " ovule ", develops into rice moth egg by gelechiid ova; " large ovum " aspect, develops into egg of oak silkworm and artificial eggs by Eggs of Philosamia Cynthia Ricini.The seventies Guangdong insect institute Li Liying, Liu Wenhui etc., Wuhan is worn out first-class people and has been researched and developed the artificial false ovum breeding oophagous trichogrammae technology of utilization, thereafter, develops again the making machine of artificial eggs, and the factorial praluction for oophagous trichogrammae provides strong technical guarantee.Make in the eighties, the oophagous trichogrammae application area of China was once reaching 1,200,000,000 hectares.In recent years, the Technical comparing of oophagous trichogrammae artificial propagation research and land for growing field crops application control rice leaf roller and corn borer is ripe, also utilizes that semi-closure initial bow Diadegma semiclausum Hellen is diamond-back moth Plutellaxylostella L. larva, Manila steep chest cocoon honeybee Snellenius manilae (Ashmead) prevents and treats the technology such as beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (H ü bner) larva also small area applications in production in vegetable-crop pest-insect; Technology such as tetranychid such as plant such as the control of application Predatory Mites citrus red mite, blister mite etc. wins national science and technology prize second prize in 2008; In Hainan Province, large-area applications Asecodes hispinarum and Tetrastichus brontispae prevention and control are caused harm the adventive-Brontispa longissima of cocoanut tree, obtain applications well effect, win Hainan Province's progress prize in science and technology special award in 2010.Taiwan Chelonus be a kind of ovum-larva across phase parasitic wasp, higher to the parasitic rate of beet armyworm in Hainan Province, at home and abroad there is no the correlative study of Taiwan Chelonus biology and artificial feeding and propagation technique.
This project team, by investigation for many years and research, substantially finds out biological property and its Parasitic mechanism of Taiwan Chelonus, has grasped the technology utilizing prodenia litura as host's artificial breeding Taiwan Chelonus.Taiwan Chelonus is laid eggs in the ovum of host, and draws nutrition of the host and together grow, and when host development is to mature larva, starts brokenly body and goes out, weaving silk of 1 ~ 2d cocoon when 25 DEG C, within 11 ~ 14 days, sprouts wings.Host it is reported and comprises: beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (H ü bner), prodenia litura Prodenia litura (Fabricius), cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (H ü bner), Mythimna Lorgi Leucania loreyi (duponchel), fall army worm Spodoptera frugiperda.
Along with socio-economic development, the raising of people's income, everybody is more urgent to the raising of quality of life, change from the quantity of conventional requirement to quality, quality requirement to agricultural product in life is more and more higher, the quality safety of agricultural product has put beyond example height especially, and nuisanceless, green and organic food has become the final goal of people's life.Biological prevention is the important component part in " environment protective plant protecting, the public plant protection " advocated in recent years, and its enforcement can obviously reduce chemical pesticide usage amount, improves the quality of products, Protect natural enemies and ecotope.
Summary of the invention
Through investigation for many years and research, substantially find out biological property and its parasitization mechanism of Taiwan Chelonus, grasped the technology utilizing prodenia litura as host's artificial breeding Taiwan Chelonus.
The present invention is intended to by artificial indoor a large amount of natural enemy of producing in order to field adaptability, and the field parasitic rate of raising target pest, controls its population quantity; alleviate the degree that causes harm, reduce chemical pesticide usage amount, improve output; promote agricultural product quality, protection people's life safety and ecological environment security.
A kind of Taiwan Chelonus artificial breeding method, comprises the following steps:
A1, build numerous honeybee room; The acquisition of A2, kind honeybee;
Grow under natural environmental condition or 1-2 that indoors artificial is bred for Taiwan Chelonus, and select the individuality that polypide is comparatively large, vigor is stronger; Nutrition is provided for kind of a honeybee with the hydromel of cotton or sponge absorption 10%;
A3, connect honeybee method;
Select prodenia litura 1 age in days pieces of an egg, put into numerous honeybee box, then connect Taiwan Chelonus kind honeybee, the hydromel with 10% supplements the nutrients, and takes out pieces of an egg and is put in numerous honeybee box, build lid, place it on numerous honeybee frame and cultivate filial generation honeybee after connecing honeybee; Numerous honeybee room temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and relative moisture remains on 70%, ventilated in holding chamber.Part prodenia litura pieces of an egg are not used in and connect honeybee, expand numerous and conservation for host;
A4, the rejuvenation of honeybee kind;
Parasitic wasp often breeds after 10 ~ 15 generations to field acquisition beet armyworm and prodenia litura pieces of an egg or larva, put into numerous worm box to be placed on and to be set to 25 DEG C, raise weaving silk cocoon after breaking beet armyworm or prodenia litura mature larva by the teeth to Taiwan Chelonus larva in the climatic cabinate of relative moisture 70%, then select the full and Taiwan Chelonus honeybee cocoon of white for the rejuvenation of honeybee kind;
A5, host's rejuvenation;
The adult lured by multiple method of luring is placed in prodenia litura imago breeding case and jointly raises with indoor population, rejuvenation Host biotypes; Or from field crop gather host larva sprout wings to indoor feeding to pupating after indoor population jointly raise, rejuvenation Host biotypes.
By the expansion numerous host of indoor feeding prodenia litura as Taiwan Chelonus, artificial regulation and control temp. and humidity etc., make both adult stages consistent, utilize prodenia litura pieces of an egg to become honeybee parasitism to breed Taiwan Chelonus to Taiwan Chelonus, wherein have the rejuvenation technique of kind of honeybee and Host biotypes, conservation technology etc.Final purpose artificially to produce a large amount of parasites-Taiwan Chelonus; then field adaptability is carried out in the target pest egg-laying period; improve target pest field parasitic rate; control its population quantity to occur; alleviate the crop degree that causes harm; reduce chemical pesticide usage amount, improve agricultural output and quality, protection people's life safety and ecological environment security.
Embodiment
The pieces of an egg and the larva that gather beet armyworm and prodenia litura from field carry out indoors artificial host plant for rearing, then collection prodenia litura pupa and field nature are by the Taiwan first abdomen honeybee cocoon of parasitism, under 25 DEG C of conditions, prodenia litura pupa after 7 ~ 10d emerging adult be placed on same rearing-box by the multiple adult luring method (lamp lures, property lure) to lure and raise, rejuvenation host (prodenia litura) population, 1d prodenia litura just can start to lay eggs.The Taiwan first abdomen honeybee cocoon collected is under identical conditions, 11 ~ 14d sprouts wings into honeybee, 1d can start to lay eggs, and then part prodenia litura pieces of an egg is put in Taiwan Chelonus rearing-box, takes out to be put in and raise in box after the parasitic pieces of an egg of Taiwan Chelonus, 1 ~ 3d can hatch into Spodoptera litura larvae, larva raising 11 ~ 16d just can collect Taiwan Chelonus honeybee cocoon, and part honeybee cocoon can be used for the preservation of honeybee kind and breeds, and part honeybee cocoon is in order to Field release, increase population quantity, improve target pest by parasitic rate; Part prodenia litura pieces of an egg are used for host's conservation, and 1 ~ 3d can hatch into larva, and larva raising 15 ~ 20d can collect prodenia litura pupa low temperature conservation.According to need of production, utilize the emergence time of climatic cabinate artificial adjustment host (prodenia litura) and Taiwan Chelonus, repeat to breed Taiwan Chelonus.Concrete raising technology code is as follows:
1, the construction of numerous honeybee room
Numerous honeybee room wall, ground answer easy cleaning, sterilization keeping hygienically clean; Possess insulation, moisturizing, ventilation, printing opacity, insect protected, protection against rodents condition; Be equipped with and regulate temperature, humidity, light irradiation apparatus; Dust, pernicious gas and other diffusibility pollution source must not be had.
1.1 numerous honeybee boxes (case)
Container during numerous honeybee, numerous beehive is mainly used in breeding Taiwan Chelonus and becomes honeybee, and taking framework with wood, is glass up and down, and surrounding is fly net, long 36.8cm × wide 24.6cm × high 11.2cm); Numerous honeybee box is mainly used in breeding Spodoptera litura larvae, is generally the plastic casing (long 36.8cm × wide 24.6cm × high 11.2cm) of clean free from extraneous odour.Lid has the opening of long 10cm × wide 5cm, and opening is sticky to be covered, so that ventilated with 100 order copper gauzes.
1.2 numerous honeybee framves
For placing numerous honeybee box use, large I is determined according to honeybee box quantity, and batten or aluminium alloy are made.Be generally 200cm × 50cm × 180cm (long × wide × high).Be divided into four layers, interlamellar spacing 25cm, lowermost layer is liftoff 55cm-60cm, frame pin wants the anti-ant of water proof.
2, the acquisition of honeybee is planted
Grow under natural environmental condition or 1-2 that indoors artificial is bred for Taiwan Chelonus, and select the individuality that polypide is comparatively large, vigor is stronger.Nutrition is provided for kind of a honeybee with the hydromel of cotton or sponge absorption 10%.
3, honeybee method is connect
Select prodenia litura 1 age in days pieces of an egg, put into numerous honeybee box, then Taiwan Chelonus kind honeybee is connected, hydromel with 10% supplements the nutrients, (pulling out and be totally as the criterion) taking-up pieces of an egg after connecing honeybee with pieces of an egg yellowish-brown tomentum is put in numerous honeybee box, build lid, place it on numerous honeybee frame and cultivate filial generation honeybee.Numerous honeybee room temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and relative moisture remains on 70%, ventilated in holding chamber.Part prodenia litura pieces of an egg are not used in and connect honeybee, expand numerous and conservation for host.
4, honeybee kind rejuvenation
To field acquisition beet armyworm and prodenia litura pieces of an egg (being preferably the pieces of an egg that fine hair is few) or larva after parasitic wasp often bred for 10 ~ 15 generations, put into numerous worm box to be placed on and to be set to 25 DEG C, raise weaving silk cocoon after breaking beet armyworm or prodenia litura mature larva by the teeth to Taiwan Chelonus larva in the climatic cabinate of relative moisture 70%, then select the full and Taiwan Chelonus honeybee cocoon of white for the rejuvenation of honeybee kind.
5, host's rejuvenation
Be placed in prodenia litura imago breeding case by the multiple adult luring method (lamp lures, property lure) to lure and jointly raise with indoor population, rejuvenation host (prodenia litura) population.Simultaneously also can from field crop gather host larva sprout wings to indoor feeding to pupating after indoor population jointly raise, rejuvenation host (prodenia litura) population.
6, quality standard
By the prodenia litura pieces of an egg of parasitism after artificial feeding, host's pupation rate is below 5%, and Taiwan Chelonus larvaization cocoon rate is more than 70%.
7, sample detection
To connect after honeybee about 13 days, started food refusal, guttation by the prodenia litura Larva of parasitism, Taiwan Chelonus starts brokenly body and goes out, and within 1 ~ 2 day, weave silk and pupate, pupa is full, white.
8, store
Taiwan Chelonus pupa development origin temp is more than 18 DEG C, and be 21 DEG C, RH70% ± 10% through testing in storage requirement, period of storage was more than 15 days, and eclosion rate is more than 85%.
Put honeybee plan according to field, parasitic host's pieces of an egg after by stages and in groups honeybee cocoon being sprouted wings into honeybee, after put numerous honeybee room into and allow it hatch, breeding grub is to changing cocoon, and rear collection honeybee cocoon is transported to host spot.Means of transport requires sanitation and hygiene, free from extraneous odour, does not mix transport with poisonous substance.Avoid weight, require to ventilate and solar heat protection, forbid burning sun to tan by the sun, drench with rain.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a Taiwan Chelonus artificial breeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A1, build numerous honeybee room;
Numerous honeybee room comprises numerous beehive, numerous honeybee box and numerous honeybee frame;
Framework taken by numerous beehive wood, is glass up and down, and surrounding is fly net, for breeding kind of a honeybee;
Numerous honeybee box is plastic casing, and lid has mouth, and opening 100 order copper gauzes cover, for breeding host;
Numerous honeybee frame divides four layers, and interlamellar spacing is 25 centimetres, the bottom is liftoff 55 ~ 60 centimetres, be made up of batten or aluminium alloy, the anti-ant of frame pin water proof, for placing numerous honeybee box;
The acquisition of A2, kind honeybee;
Grow under natural environmental condition or 1-2 that indoors artificial is bred for Taiwan Chelonus, select the individuality that polypide is comparatively large, vigor is stronger, with the hydromel of cotton or sponge absorption 10% for kind of a honeybee provides nutrition;
A3, connect honeybee method;
Select prodenia litura 1 age in days pieces of an egg, put into numerous honeybee box, then connect Taiwan Chelonus kind honeybee, the hydromel with 10% supplements the nutrients, taking out pieces of an egg after connecing honeybee is put in numerous honeybee box, build lid, place it on numerous honeybee frame and cultivate filial generation honeybee, numerous honeybee room temperature controls at 25 DEG C, relative moisture remains on 70%, ventilated in holding chamber, part prodenia litura pieces of an egg are not used in and connect honeybee, expand numerous and conservation for host;
A4, the rejuvenation of honeybee kind;
Parasitic wasp often breeds after 10 ~ 15 generations to field acquisition beet armyworm and prodenia litura pieces of an egg or larva, put into numerous worm box be placed on be set to 25 DEG C, the climatic cabinate of relative moisture 70% raise and break beet armyworm or prodenia litura mature larva by the teeth to Taiwan Chelonus larva after weaving silk cocoon, then select full and the Taiwan Chelonus honeybee cocoon of white carries out the rejuvenation of honeybee kind;
A5, host's rejuvenation;
The adult lured by multiple method of luring is placed in prodenia litura imago breeding case and jointly raises with indoor population, rejuvenation Host biotypes or the host larva gathered from field crop are jointly raised with indoor population after indoor feeding is sprouted wings to pupating, rejuvenation Host biotypes.
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