CN105746435A - Method for propagating chrysopa pallens larvae through rice moth eggs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for propagating chrysopa pallens larvae through rice moth eggs.The method includes the two steps of obtaining the rice moth eggs and breeding chrysopa pallens.Chrysopa pallens breeding includes the steps of adult breeding, breeding in the egg stage, free-range breeding of the larvae, cocoon harvesting in the pupal stage, eclosion of adults, refrigerating and packaging of products, and the like.Research is conducted from all breeding key technical links such as processing of the rice moth eggs, collection and storage of chrysopa pallens eggs, free-range breeding of the chrysopa pallens larvae, pupation and cocoon harvesting, development and eclosion and refrigerating of products in different insect states, and scientific bases are provided for large-scale chrysopa pallens propagation through the rice moth eggs.

Description

A kind of method utilizing rice moth egg breeding chrysopa septempunctata larva

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing rice moth egg breeding chrysopa septempunctata larva, belong to agricultural raising field.

Background technology

Chrysopa septempunctata (ChrysopaseptempunctataWesmael) belongs to Neuroptera, chrysopidae, Chrysopa subfamily, and chrysopa septempunctata belongs to, and is the very wide predatory natural enemy insect of a kind of distribution.Owing to its feeding habits are wide, heavy, distribution wide, quantity is many deeply by the attention of domestic and international biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion worker.Utilize the Chrysopa pest control of nature, often limited by generation period, quantity, kind and worm state, can not gain the initiative in preventing and controlling.By mass rearing, breeding and release, so that it may in a planned way to utilize Chrysopa to carry out pest control.

China's Chrysopa kind and quantity are all very abundant, have recorded 18 genus totally 109 kinds, and the overwhelming majority belongs to Chrysopa subfamily, and agricultural are common kind more than 10.Except chrysopa septempunctata has no report except Tibet, the Inner Mongol, other area all has.Chrysopa septempunctata belongs to holometabolan, and larval phase casts off a skin twice, has three ages, and larva is double; two sucking mouth parts, and adult is biting mouthparts.Its adult and larva all prey on aphid.There is multiple generation in 1 year in chrysopa septempunctata, has obvious generation overlap phenomenon.It occurs often to move along with the latitude south of spot from generation to generation and increase.Adult has phototaxis, upwards property, and ovum is poly-to be produced, and produces on plants shoots, blade, bark etc., sometimes also produces on wall, on window, even produce on daylight lamp, and the base portion of ovum has a silk handle.Studying according to Natural Enemies of Insects research department of biology department of Hubei University, the female eggs on average amount of chrysopa septempunctata list is about 800, and maximum reaches 1234.Adult has the habit taking food ovum grain, therefore immediately to take ovum when artificial breeding.Its larva is big because of food aphid amount, is also called aphis lion.1,2 ages took food less, took food for 3 ages very big, accounted for about the 80% of larval phase total appetite.Nanjing breeding observing, chrysopa septempunctata larva edible aphid 677.6 in all one's life, adult on average edible 488.22, generation each Chrysopa average energy eliminates 1041.44 aphids.Larva has internecine habit, especially becomes apparent from 3 instar larvaes, and larva is reeled off raw silk from cocoons to cocoon and pupates.Main cocooing in deadwood, fallen leaves heap, tree seam or wizened and wrinkly crimping blade with mature larva is survived the winter.Its preoviposition period longer, be generally 4-18 days, a mating can produce germ cell throughout one's life, lays eggs at most with 8-10 point in evening.

Although Chrysopa feeding habits are relatively wide, but breed the feedstuff needed for Chrysopa as mass rearing, it is necessary to possess two conditions.One, Chrysopa is liked taking food, and Chrysopa ontogeny and reproductive capacity are had no adverse effects；Its two, wide material sources, it is easy to obtain, with low cost, it is simple to store.Raise Chrysopa with natural food effective, but be often restricted because of the impact of natural conditions (such as weather etc.), in order to greatly develop Biological control science and technology, it is achieved the large-scale production of Dominant Natural Enemies, the research of Dominant Natural Enemies man-made feeds should be strengthened.Then the research of man-made feeds replacement natural feed is carried out immediately.Since the sixties, in order to solve large-scale breeding Chrysopa for producing the upper problem utilized, many entomology workers have carried out the research of man-made feeds both at home and abroad, but effect is not notable.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of method utilizing rice moth egg breeding chrysopa septempunctata larva; the present invention raises, pupates to receive the key technique of each raisings such as the cold preservation of cocoon, growth emergence and different worm state product scattered from the collection of the process of rice moth egg, chrysopa septempunctata ovum from storage, chrysopa septempunctata larva; carry out research and probe, for utilizing rice moth egg biological control chrysopa septempunctata to provide scientific basis.

The technical scheme is that a kind of method utilizing rice moth egg breeding chrysopa septempunctata larva, including:

1) rice moth egg is obtained

At temperature 22-28 DEG C, when relative humidity 70%, rice moth egg is inoculated in rice moth larva artificial feed, rice moth egg hatching is for, after rice moth larva, taking food man-made feeds growth promoter, and rice moth larva raising turns into rice moth imago after 40-45 days, rice moth imago is moved in ovigerous disk, it is allowed to lay eggs, 24 h before harvest rice moth eggs, remove scale and feedstuff impurity, and kill embryo process through ultraviolet, again rice moth egg is bonded on paper, obtains rice moth egg card, standby；

2) chrysopa septempunctata is raised

The rearing conditions of chrysopa septempunctata each age is: temperature 25-27 DEG C, relative humidity more than 75%, illumination 14 hours；

2.1) adult is raised

Chrysopa septempunctata adult is put in raising cylinder, every chrysopa septempunctata adult throws something and feeds 1 by 150 rice moth egg/skies of appetite) the rice moth egg card that obtains, each raising cylinder has 20 female worms and 4-7 head male worm, copulation removed male worm after 3 days, raises cylinder two ends and all seals with monolayer cotton, uses sponge ball moisturizing, after raising 8 days again, put into, to raising in cylinder, paper of laying eggs, be adjacent to raising cylinder periphery of inner wall, collect, in morning next day, lay eggs paper and ovum grain；

2.2) the ovum phase raises

By 2.1) the chrysopa septempunctata ovum collected makes ovum card, is directly used in inoculation reproduction, or make within ovum is stuck in 10-12 DEG C of cold preservation 10 days, standby；

2.3) larva is raised scattered

Being accessed by the chrysopa septempunctata ovum of same batch raises in box, 30 chrysopa septempunctata ovum of every box, raise box upper end monolayer cotton to seal, with moistening sponge ball moisturizing, after chrysopa septempunctata larva sprouts wings, put spacer raising in box, it is prevented that it is killed each other, and feeding rice moth egg card, concrete injected volume is: every 1-2 instar larvae feeds 50 rice moth egg/skies；After every 3 ages, larva feeds 200 rice moth egg/skies, within every 3 days, changes a rice moth egg card, until it is pupated；

2.4) cocoon is received pupa time

Access the 8th day of chrysopa septempunctata ovum, in raising box, place paper of pupating, lure collection to pupate, then pupa is collected in cultivation container, within being placed at 8 DEG C to preserve 50 days, standby.

2.5) emergence of adult

Pupa is put into raising box grow, except without for except its food, other conditions are raised scattered with 2.3 larvas, and pupa development turns into chrysopa septempunctata adult after 9-12 days, chrysopa septempunctata adult culturing directly is laid eggs or within 10 DEG C of cold preservations 80 days, standby；

2.6) cold preservation of product

Within chrysopa septempunctata pupa preserves 50 days at 8 DEG C；Within chrysopa septempunctata adult preserves 100 days at 8-10 DEG C；Chrysopa septempunctata ovum is within 8-10 DEG C of cold preservation 10 days, and the relative humidity during cold preservation is 50%-80%；

2.7) packaging

Chrysopa septempunctata adult is box-packaged, chrysopa septempunctata larva and chrysopa septempunctata ovum paper using bag type package.

On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.

Further, 2.1) in, the diameter of described raising cylinder is 15 centimetres, and height is 25 centimetres.

Further, 2.3) in, the specification of described raising box: diameter 15 centimetres is high 10 centimetres.

Further, 2.3) in, the spacer put in described raising box is corrugated paper or paper slip.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

Current chrysopa septempunctata artificial propagation many employings live body host insect is feedstuff, complex procedures, takes up room big, and cost of labor is high, and easily cause the harm polluted with other Chrysopa natural enemies, production process is difficult to control to, and complicated operation, raising quality are unstable, simultaneously because being mixed with host insect, easily cause pollution, and the raising of each worm state of chrysopa septempunctata cannot be controlled the collection with product, it is difficult to reach batch production and produce in a large number, it is impossible to meet the needs of green agriculture and crop production safety.The good Hosts of chrysopa septempunctata effect and method for breeding thereof is raised in the urgent need to screening.Taking food rice moth egg is raise the Hosts that chrysopa septempunctata overall merit is best at present, but not yet has the reproduction technique system utilizing rice moth egg to feed chrysopa septempunctata at present.The propagation method of the present invention can each production link of fixing quantity, it is ensured that product quality, it is simple to factorial praluction.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that chrysopa septempunctata development duration (hour) is affected figure by temperature (DEG C)；

Fig. 2 is that chrysopa septempunctata development duration (hour) is affected figure by temperature (DEG C) and relative humidity (RH).

Detailed description of the invention

Hereinafter principles of the invention and feature being described, example is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The impact on chrysopa septempunctata growth promoter of embodiment 1 Three feed

1 materials and methods

Adopt Trichogramma pupae, rice moth egg and aphid to make foodstuff, raise in cylinder (500ml) at glass and incubate chrysopa septempunctata larva at the beginning of paper using row culture spacer group breeding.Every day adds adequately feed, cocoon of pupating in time to every day after pupating.Every kind processes raising 5.Every day observed and recorded larva go through the phase, pupa goes through the phase, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate.After cocooing 3 days, claim pupa weight with electronic scale.Observe and record each worm state survival condition.

During test, temperature is 27 ± 1 DEG C, and the photoperiod is L: D=14: 10, and relative humidity is 70 ± 5%.

2 results and analysis

2.1 DIFFERENT FEED process the impact on chrysopa septempunctata growth promoter

Table 1 is visible, and the average development duration of chrysopa septempunctata larva is difference to some extent between Three feed processes, from being short to long being followed successively by: aphid (8.08 days), rice moth egg (8.20 days), Trichogramma pupae (8.61 days).

Chrysopa septempunctata larvae development is gone through the impact of phase by the different food of table 1

* (development duration: M ± SD)

But the phase of going through of the average pupa of chrysopa septempunctata and eclosion rate do not have difference between Three feed processes；But percentage of pupation there are differences, it is 58.8% that Trichogramma pupae processes the average change into pupa rate, raises (69.20%) lower than with rice moth egg (63.20%) and aphid；The pupa of two feedstuff process is heavily significantly higher than aphid and processes, in Table 2.

The different food impact on chrysopa septempunctata pupa time and emergence of table 2

* (being the arcsin value of percent in bracket)

Table 3 is it can be seen that each first-instar young mortality rate processed is zero；But two, the mortality rate of third-instar larvae there are differences between managing throughout；From whole children's phase survival rate, aphid processes the highest, and rice moth egg processes and takes second place, and Trichogramma pupae processes minimum, but all more than 90%.Experimental observation finds, during Trichogramma pupae processes, has after quite a few adult eclosion quickly dead, the result that adult pick-up rate (57.78%) is substantially less than rice moth egg (77.78%) and aphid (86.67%) is raised.

Table 3 DIFFERENT FEED processes chrysopa septempunctata larval mortality % and adult pick-up rate %

* (being the arcsin value of percent in bracket)

The hatching of embodiment 2 chrysopa septempunctata ovum and refrigerated condition

1 materials and methods

The impact of 1.1 epidemic disaster

Treatment temperature gradient is set to 15 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, and humidity sets 35% and 70%.Collecting chrysopa septempunctata and produced fresh ovum, subpackage 20 in every dactylethrae in 12 hours, each thermograde 5 is managed.Repeat 3 times.Observe egg development situation every day, when ovum grain surface stain is hatched soon, within every 2 hours, observe once.Record development duration and the hatching situation of each process ovum.

The cold preservation of 1.2 chrysopa septempunctata ovum

It is taken at the ovum being developed to different times at 27 DEG C respectively: within 8 hours puerperal, grow 24-32 hour and grow 48-56 hour, be respectively charged in finger-type pipe, often pipe 80.Threshold of development according to ovum, sets 4 DEG C, 7 DEG C, 10 DEG C and 13 DEG C these 4 thermogrades respectively to the ovum of each developmental stage and carries out cold preservation.Each treatment temperature took out 20 ± 5 respectively every 3 days, 6 days, 9 days, 12 days from each process, is sub-packed in dactylethrae, is placed in 27 DEG C, when relative humidity is 70%, recorded development duration and incubation rate.In triplicate.

2 results and analysis

The growth of 2.1 chrysopa septempunctata ovum and the relation of temperature

The development duration of table 4 ovum and temperature relation

* (development duration: mean+SD)

From table 4 and Fig. 1 it can be seen that the rate of development of ovum is proportionate with the rising of temperature.It is ambient temperature according to formula T=KV+C, T；K is effective accumulated temperature；V represents rate of development；C is threshold of development.Egg development origin temp and effective accumulated temperature can be calculated:

Return law of the straight line:

K=1/V × (T-C)

$K=\frac{n\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_i{T}_i-\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_i{\mathrm{\ΣT}}_i}{n\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V_i}^2-{\left(\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_i\right)}^2},C=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V_i}^2\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{T}_i-\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_i\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_i{T}_i}{n\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V_i}^2-{\left(\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{V}_i\right)}^2}$

Wherein K is effective accumulated temperature, and V is developmental rate, and T is ambient temperature, and C is threshold of development.The threshold of development calculating chrysopa septempunctata ovum is C=9.15 DEG C, and K=57.13 subsists.

Direct optimization (Li Dianmo etc., 1986):

Threshold of development: $C=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{T}_i{D}_i^2-\stackrel{\‾}{D}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{D}_i{T}_i}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{D}_i^2-n{\stackrel{\‾}{D}}^2},$ Effective accumulated temperature: $\stackrel{\‾}{A}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{A}_i$

Wherein A_i=D_i(T_i-C), A_iFor the effective accumulated temperature when threshold of development C, T_iFor testing set temperature, D_iFor at T_iDevelopment duration at temperature.C=9.69 DEG C, K=54.54 subsists.The growth of 2.2 chrysopa septempunctata ovum and the relation of humidity

From table 5 and Fig. 2 it can be seen that when humidity 35%, the incubation rate of ovum extends along with reduction and the development time of temperature and declines；When 15 DEG C, the incubation rate of ovum is 48%.But when humidity 70%, between incubation rate and the variations in temperature of ovum, do not have significant dependency.

The different humiture impact on egg hatching rate (%) of table 5

* (being the arcsin value of percent in bracket)

The cold preservation of 2.3 ovum

Result is in Table 6, and ovum can not be hatched at 4 DEG C after cold preservation in 3 days；Under 7 DEG C of conditions, after cold preservation 3 days, the incubation rate of ovum is only 30%.Best refrigerated storage temperature is 13 DEG C, and after cold preservation 9 days, its hatching can also reach more than 80%, but along with the prolongation of cold preservation time, the incubation rate of ovum is gradually lowered.The ovum of different developmental phases not there are differences between processing.

The incubation rate of table 6 ovum and cold preservation effect

* (being the arcsin value of percent in bracket)

Embodiment 3 stocking density and temperature are on internecine impact

1 materials and methods

1.1 stocking densities

Raising chrysopa septempunctata 1 instar larvae in the round box of 15 × 10 (diameter * is high), density is every 30,60,90,120,150, box respectively, with wide 5mm paper slip isolation, repeats, is fed for enough aphids for 3 times.Physics and chemistry pupa (one-tenth cocoon) rate everywhere is recorded in observation.And independently raise as compareing with single head.During test, temperature is 27 DEG C, and the photoperiod is L: D=14: 10, and relative humidity is 70 ± 5%.

1.2 raising temperatures

At 20 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, larvae at the beginning of every box group breeding 50.Repeat for 3 times.Every is raised 50 larvas, observes and record physics and chemistry pupa (one-tenth cocoon) rate everywhere.And independently raise as compareing with single head.During test, the photoperiod is L: D=14: 10, and relative humidity is 70 ± 5%.

1.3 DIFFERENT FEED

Process except feedstuff respectively aphid, rice moth egg, except Trichogramma pupae, all the other are with 1.1.

2 results and analysis

The impact on chrysopa septempunctata of 2.1 stocking densities

As can be seen from Table 7, along with the increase of density, percentage of pupation is more and more lower.In low density situation, kill each other and also cannot avoid.As when density is 30, percentage of pupation is 75.34%.When density increases to 120 every, the pick-up rate of pupa is only 50.52%.The stocking density of 30, every box is may select when biological control.

The percentage of pupation (%) raised under table 7 larva different densities

* (being the arcsin value of percent in bracket)

The impact on chrysopa septempunctata of 2.2 raising temperatures

As can be seen from Table 8, under each temperature conditions, eclosion rate and the larva of cocoon are gone through the phase and are not made significant difference by group breeding and individually raising, and have appreciable impact for percentage of pupation.Along with the reduction of temperature, group breeding pupates to increase, and the average change into pupa rate is 68% when 30 DEG C, is 70.70% when 25 DEG C, and when temperature is 20 DEG C, percentage of pupation brings up to 74.8%.

Table 8 different temperatures is to effect of killing each other

* (being the arcsin value of percent in bracket)

The impact on chrysopa septempunctata of 2.3 feedstuffs

Table 9 DIFFERENT FEED is on internecine impact

As can be seen from Table 9, DIFFERENT FEED processes to be affected to some extent on percentage of pupation, but individually raise, percentage of pupation from high to low respectively aphid (97.78%), rice moth egg (95.56%), Trichogramma pupae (91.11%), but difference is not notable.And group breeding remain bean aphid raise percentage of pupation the highest, be 69.20%, and Trichogramma pupae raise percentage of pupation minimum, be only 58.80%, rice moth egg raise percentage of pupation be 63.20%, the significant difference between three.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the method utilizing rice moth egg breeding chrysopa septempunctata larva, it is characterised in that including:

1) rice moth egg is obtained

At temperature 22-28 DEG C, when relative humidity 70%, rice moth egg is inoculated in rice moth larva artificial feed, rice moth egg hatching is for, after rice moth larva, taking food man-made feeds growth promoter, and rice moth larva raising turns into rice moth imago after 40-45 days, rice moth imago is moved in ovigerous disk, it is allowed to lay eggs, 24 h before harvest rice moth eggs, remove scale and feedstuff impurity, and kill embryo process through ultraviolet, again rice moth egg is bonded on paper, obtains rice moth egg card, standby；

2) chrysopa septempunctata is raised

The rearing conditions of chrysopa septempunctata each age is: temperature 25-27 DEG C, relative humidity more than 75%, illumination 14 hours,

2.1) adult is raised

Chrysopa septempunctata adult is put in raising cylinder, every chrysopa septempunctata adult throws something and feeds 1 by 150 rice moth egg/skies of appetite) the rice moth egg card that obtains, each raising cylinder has 20 female worms and 4-7 head male worm, copulation removed male worm after 3 days, raises cylinder two ends and all seals with monolayer cotton, uses sponge ball moisturizing, after raising 8 days again, put into, to raising in cylinder, paper of laying eggs, be adjacent to raising cylinder periphery of inner wall, collect, in morning next day, lay eggs paper and ovum grain；

2.2) the ovum phase raises

By 2.1) the chrysopa septempunctata ovum collected makes ovum card, is directly used in inoculation reproduction, or make within ovum is stuck in 10-12 DEG C of cold preservation 10 days, standby；

2.3) larva is raised scattered

Being accessed by the chrysopa septempunctata ovum of same batch raises in box, 30 chrysopa septempunctata ovum of every box, raise box upper end monolayer cotton to seal, with moistening sponge ball moisturizing, after chrysopa septempunctata larva sprouts wings, put spacer raising in box, it is prevented that it is killed each other, and feeding rice moth egg card, concrete injected volume is: every 1-2 instar larvae feeds 50 rice moth egg/skies；After every 3 ages, larva feeds 200 rice moth egg/skies, within every 3 days, changes a rice moth egg card, until it is pupated；

2.4) cocoon is received pupa time

Access chrysopa septempunctata ovum the 8th day, in raising box, place paper of pupating, lure collection to pupate, then pupa is collected in cultivation container, within being placed at 8 DEG C to preserve 50 days, standby；

2.5) emergence of adult

Pupa is put into raising box grow, except without for except its food, other conditions are raised scattered with 2.3 larvas, and pupa development turns into chrysopa septempunctata adult after 9-12 days, chrysopa septempunctata adult culturing directly is laid eggs or within 10 DEG C of cold preservations 80 days, standby；

2.6) cold preservation of product

Within chrysopa septempunctata pupa preserves 50 days at 8 DEG C；Within chrysopa septempunctata adult preserves 100 days at 8-10 DEG C；Chrysopa septempunctata ovum is within 8-10 DEG C of cold preservation 10 days, and the relative humidity during cold preservation is 50%-80%；

2.7) packaging

Chrysopa septempunctata adult is box-packaged, chrysopa septempunctata larva and chrysopa septempunctata ovum paper using bag type package.

2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2.1) in, the diameter of described raising cylinder is 15 centimetres, and height is 25 centimetres.

3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2.3) in, the specification of described raising box: diameter 15 centimetres is high 10 centimetres.

4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2.3) in, the spacer put in described raising box is corrugated paper or paper slip.