CN105165313A - Method for breeding aphidius gifuensis within short cycle - Google Patents
Method for breeding aphidius gifuensis within short cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165313A CN105165313A CN201510440277.0A CN201510440277A CN105165313A CN 105165313 A CN105165313 A CN 105165313A CN 201510440277 A CN201510440277 A CN 201510440277A CN 105165313 A CN105165313 A CN 105165313A
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- 241001305034 Aphidius gifuensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 240000008100 Brassica rapa Species 0.000 claims description 109
- 235000011292 Brassica rapa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 108
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000721621 Myzus persicae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001582888 Lobus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000221633 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000027272 reproductive process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001600407 Aphis <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001425390 Aphis fabae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001674939 Caulanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015001 Cucumis melo var inodorus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002495 Cucumis melo var. inodorus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000819999 Nymphes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000722027 Schizaphis graminum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000180219 Sitobion avenae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding aphidius gifuensis within a short cycle. The method comprises the steps of: host plant cultivation, pest species breeding, and aphidius gifuensis large-scale breeding. A breeding cycle of the whole process is 29-40 days. Each dish of brassica chinensis can breed more than 12000 of aphidius gifuensis, a parasitism rate of the aphidius gifuensis is 95%, a formation rate of stiff aphids is 60%, and stiff aphids of the aphidius gifuensis in each dish can be used for controlling 10-15 mu of aphid-damaged farmland. Brassica chinensis of a vegetable variety is adopted as a host plant with high strong adaptability and fast growth; and the brassica chinensis a host plant variety with a shortest cultivation cycle in current breeding technology of sphidius gifuensis, thereby reducing a breeding cycle of the aphidius gifuensis, and improving breeding efficiency of the aphidius gifuensis. The method adopts a flotation breeding method for cultivating the host plant, is simple in process step and solves the problems such as high breeding energy consumption, a tedious technical process, poor activity of the aphidius gifuensis, and irregular formation of the stiff aphids of the aphidius gifuensis, and can increases a utilization rate of the aphidius gifuensis for wide application in agriculture and forestry industry, thereby enabling the aphidius gifuensis to have better feasibility of production, promotion, and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry insect, be specifically related to a kind of aphidius gifuensis short period mating system.
Background technology
Aphid is one of the primary pest during farm-forestry crop is produced, in leaf tobacco production, the harm of aphid is particularly serious, mainly on the tobacco leaf back of the body and tender stem, suck tobacco leaf juice with adult and nymph, cigarette strain is caused to grow short and small, nutritional imbalance, the normal growth affecting cigarette strain is grown, the honeydew of aphid secretion easily brings out the generation of the diseases such as dark mildew, and aphid also propagates multiple tobacco virus simultaneously, causes the popular of tobacco virus; Chemical control and physical control are mainly contained to aphid, chemical control relies on agricultural chemicals to eliminate aphid, bio-diversity can be caused to reduce, destroy ecotope, pollution of agricultural products affects food security, and the pesticide resistance of aphid strengthens, control efficiency declines, physical control mainly relies on yellow plate prevention and control alatae worm, and when alatae worm grows on plant surely, yellow plate has has just scattered and disappeared to the prevention and control effect of aphid.
In Agro-ecology development, biological prevention is anti-one of the most effective way that eliminates aphis, aphidius gifuensis is the advantage parasite of cigarette aphid, all distribution is had in China various places, ovum originates in aphid body and takes food juice and kill or control aphid by aphidius gifuensis, breed the offspring of oneself, it has good control efficiency to cigarette aphid, simultaneously to English grain aphid, greenbug, bean aphid, the aphids such as cotten aphid also have certain control effect, at present, aphidius gifuensis artificial breeding technology still locates the study demonstration stage, there is host plant kind not enrich, host's feeding habits are single, cultivate difficulty, aphidius gifuensis is long for breeding cycle, poor activity, it is poor that the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis forms regularity, the problems such as energy consumption is high, be badly in need of the short-period aphidius gifuensis mating system of a kind of stability and high efficiency of research.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed in prior art, artificial breeding aphidius gifuensis exists host plant kind not to be enriched, host's feeding habits are single, cultivate difficulty, aphidius gifuensis length breeding cycle, poor activity, it is poor that the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis forms regularity, energy consumption is high, breed operation loaded down with trivial details, host plant easily passes sick biography poison at vega, and aphid invades the problem of vega risk, a kind of aphidius gifuensis short period mating system is provided, the host plant that the method adopts is vegetable variety Brassica rapa L, and apply floating seedlings method and cultivate host plant, it is as follows specifically to breed step:
(1) host plant is cultivated
The host plant that the vegetable variety Brassica rapa L of the fast disease resistance of growth selection strong cigarette aphid eating is bred as aphidius gifuensis;
Get out Flotage seedling raising pool, in nursery pond, add the aqueous solution of Common compound fertilizer, keep the degree of depth of the aqueous solution in nursery pond to be 5-10cm, control the aqueous solution in nursery pond total N concentration be 150-250ppm;
Get out the special seedling-cultivating tray 60-500 of floating seedlings, the specification of seedling-cultivating tray is long 60 centimetres, wide 34 centimetres, high 5 centimetres, and each seedling-cultivating tray is provided with 80-162 cultivation cave, the good seedling medium of splendid attire in the cultivation cave of seedling-cultivating tray;
The seed of Brassica rapa L is sowed in two batches in the seedling-cultivating tray of the good seedling medium of splendid attire, first sows Brassica rapa L seed in 3-5 seedling-cultivating tray, having the 3-5 of a Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating tray to relay sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 60-80 object nylon guard, keep natural lighting condition, after 10 days, in a remaining 55-597 seedling-cultivating tray, second batch sows Brassica rapa L seed, having the 55-597 of a Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating tray to relay second batch sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 60-80 object nylon guard, keep natural lighting condition,
Brassica rapa L seed is emerged after sowing reaches 3 days, cultivates and grow to three leaves wholeheartedly in 5-11 days after emerging, Brassica rapa L grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time a tpn 500-1000 times liquid is sprayed to plant;
(2) worm kind is bred
Get out worm kind room, Flotage seedling raising pool is equipped with in worm kind room, the good composite fertilizer aqueous solution identical with in step (1) Flotage seedling raising pool of splendid attire in Flotage seedling raising pool in worm kind room, step (1) first sowing 3-5 seedling-cultivating tray in Brassica rapa L plant grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time, a described 3-5 seedling-cultivating tray is relayed in the Flotage seedling raising pool of worm kind room;
Cigarette aphid and aphidius gifuensis is gathered respectively to field, the cigarette aphid collected in field and aphidius gifuensis are put on the plant of the wholeheartedly Brassica rapa L of three leaves in worm kind room simultaneously, often coil on Brassica rapa L plant and discharge cigarette aphid 500-800 head, aphidius gifuensis 1-5 head, keep the temperature 15-30 DEG C of worm kind indoor, humidity 30-80%, aphidius gifuensis and cigarette aphid breed 5-10 days jointly in worm kind indoor, the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of worm kind indoor is bred and obtains the worm kind of cigarette aphid and the worm kind of aphidius gifuensis, cigarette aphid on Brassica rapa L plant leaf is reached 10%-20% by the ratio of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, for subsequent use,
(3) aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale is bred
The Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind in step (2) worm kind room is picked, long 4-6cm is torn into by plucking the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind obtained by the method for artificial sheet, be inoculated on the Brassica rapa L plant of second batch sowing cultivation in step (1) nylon guard after wide 2-3cm equably, the many inoculation blade face of aphid upward, every strain Brassica rapa L plant inoculates tobacco aphid kind 5-10 head, aphidius gifuensis worm kind 1-2 head, composite fertilizer's aqueous solution is added in Flotage seedling raising pool in nylon guard, the total N concentration controlled in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool remains on 200-400ppm, breed temperature 20-30 DEG C, inoculation reach 2 days after by length be 4-6cm, wide is that the inoculation blade of 2-3cm is removed clean, after 3 days connect the back side or the lobus cardiacus that worm kind moves to Brassica rapa L plant leaf, 800 times of carbendazols are sprayed to Brassica rapa L plant, controlling to breed temperature in nylon guard is 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, after continuing to breed 10 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 100, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 50%, drain the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool, above nylon guard, the sunshade net of 50%-70% is covered during the 11:00-16:00 of fine day, when wilting appears in Brassica rapa L plant to injected clear water in nursery pond, control injected clear water degree of depth 1-2cm, 1 hour time, then the clear water in nursery pond is drained, the moistening Brassica rapa L plant of matrix in seedling-cultivating tray cultivation cave is kept not wilt, continue to breed after draining composite fertilizer's aqueous solution and reach 3-5 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 150, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 95%, the stiff aphid formation rate of aphidius gifuensis reaches more than 60%, remove on Brassica rapa L plant not by the cigarette aphid of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, obtain numerous plant having the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis, undertaken storing or directly having the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis to be used for field control aphid evil by numerous by plant breeding the stiff aphid of the aphidius gifuensis obtained, often coiling numerously has the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis can prevent and treat aphid evil farmland 10-15 mu,
The host plant that the present invention adopts is vegetable variety Brassica rapa L, has enriched host plant kind further; Brassica rapa L strong adaptability, can cultivate at most area Zhou Nianjun, solves the host plant of kind in the past by natural conditions constraint, the problem of cultivating difficulty; Brassica rapa L growth and development is fast, sows and emerges for 3 days, cultivate and can be used as the host plant breeding aphidius gifuensis in 8-14 days, be the host plant kind that in current aphidius gifuensis raising technology, cultivation period is the shortest, substantially reduce the breeding cycle of aphidius gifuensis; Brassica rapa L is the host of cigarette aphid eating, on Brassica rapa L plant, growth reproduction speed is fast, detoxification is quick for cigarette aphid, regularity is good, activity is strong, individuality is healthy and strong, Brassica rapa L adapts to the various cigarette such as tobacco type, wild cabbage aphid and breeds required nutriment, various cigarette aphid all can be good at growing on Brassica rapa L, excellent host can be provided for aphidius gifuensis, the risk of breeding application can be stopped;
The present invention proposes and utilize floating seedlings culturing method to cultivate host plant Brassica rapa L, provide in cultivating process concrete, the technical parameter of strong operability, to the illumination of breeding in each link, liquid manure technical requirement is standardized, standardization control, aphidius gifuensis is made to achieve batch production, commercial large-scale production and application, aphidius gifuensis can be made tobacco, vegetable crops etc. are applied on producing and obtain remarkable effect, reduce aphidius gifuensis production cost simultaneously, improve the utilization rate of aphidius gifuensis in agriculture and forestry extensive use, aphidius gifuensis is made to have more production, the feasibility applied, adopt the present invention to cultivate host plant and can not only ensure that the nutritional condition of host plant is excellent, and saving of work and time, solve that to breed aphidius gifuensis energy consumption high, techniqueflow is loaded down with trivial details, aphidius gifuensis poor activity, the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis forms irregular problem,
The technology of the present invention covers nylon guard above nursery pond, and cost is low, and flexibility is strong, can prevent all the other insects taking food Brassica rapa L, also solves the problem of cigarette aphid in reproductive process, aphidius gifuensis escape simultaneously, ensure that the safety of technology, feasibility; In reproductive process, in time carbendazol is sprayed to host plant, ensure that aphidius gifuensis breeds the anti-characteristic of disease of middle host plant and cigarette aphid, aphidius gifuensis, the safety in aphidius gifuensis reproductive process and stability can be improved, ensure that carrying property, the high efficiency of host plant to aphidius gifuensis host cigarette aphid simultaneously; Present invention process step is simple, and simplify the technical step needing in raising technology in the past to breed respectively cigarette aphid, aphidius gifuensis, reduce the energy consumption in reproductive process, what improve aphidius gifuensis breeds efficiency.
Embodiment
embodiment 1:a kind of aphidius gifuensis short period mating system, the host plant that the method adopts is vegetable variety Brassica rapa L, applies floating seedlings method and cultivates host plant, and it is as follows specifically to breed step:
(1) host plant is cultivated
The host plant that the vegetable variety Brassica rapa L of the fast disease resistance of growth selection strong cigarette aphid eating is bred as aphidius gifuensis;
Get out Flotage seedling raising pool, in nursery pond, add the aqueous solution of Common compound fertilizer, keep the degree of depth of the aqueous solution in nursery pond to be 5cm, control the aqueous solution in nursery pond total N concentration be 150ppm;
Get out the special seedling-cultivating tray of floating seedlings 60, the specification of seedling-cultivating tray is long 60 centimetres, wide 34 centimetres, high 5 centimetres, and each seedling-cultivating tray is provided with 162 cultivation caves, the good seedling medium of splendid attire in the cultivation cave of seedling-cultivating tray;
The seed of Brassica rapa L is sowed in two batches in the seedling-cultivating tray of the good seedling medium of splendid attire, first sows Brassica rapa L seed in 3 seedling-cultivating trays, having 3 of Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating trays to relay sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 60 object nylon guards, keep natural lighting condition, after 10 days, in remaining 57 seedling-cultivating trays, second batch sows Brassica rapa L seed, having 57 of Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating trays to relay second batch sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 60 object nylon guards, keep natural lighting condition,
Brassica rapa L seed is emerged after sowing reaches 3 days, after emerging cultivate within 5 days, grow to three leaves wholeheartedly, Brassica rapa L grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time a tpn 500 times of liquid are sprayed to plant;
(2) worm kind is bred
Get out worm kind room, Flotage seedling raising pool is equipped with in worm kind room, the good composite fertilizer aqueous solution identical with in step (1) Flotage seedling raising pool of splendid attire in Flotage seedling raising pool in worm kind room, step (1) first sowing 3 seedling-cultivating trays in Brassica rapa L plant grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time, described 3 seedling-cultivating trays are relayed in the Flotage seedling raising pool of worm kind room;
Cigarette aphid and aphidius gifuensis is gathered respectively to field, the cigarette aphid collected in field and aphidius gifuensis are put on the plant of the wholeheartedly Brassica rapa L of three leaves in worm kind room simultaneously, often coil on Brassica rapa L plant and discharge cigarette aphid 500, aphidius gifuensis 2, keep temperature 15 DEG C, the humidity 30% of worm kind indoor, aphidius gifuensis and cigarette aphid breed 10 days jointly in worm kind indoor, the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of worm kind indoor is bred and obtains the worm kind of cigarette aphid and the worm kind of aphidius gifuensis, cigarette aphid on Brassica rapa L plant leaf is reached 10%-20% by the ratio of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, for subsequent use;
(3) aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale is bred
The Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind in step (2) worm kind room is picked, long 4cm is torn into by plucking the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind obtained by the method for artificial sheet, be inoculated on the Brassica rapa L plant of second batch sowing cultivation in step (1) nylon guard after wide 2cm equably, the many inoculation blade face of aphid upward, every strain Brassica rapa L plant inoculates tobacco aphid kind 10, aphidius gifuensis worm kind 2, composite fertilizer's aqueous solution is added in Flotage seedling raising pool in nylon guard, the total N concentration controlled in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool remains on 200ppm, breed temperature 20 DEG C, inoculation reach 2 days after by length be 4cm, wide is that the inoculation blade of 2cm is removed clean, after 3 days connect the back side or the lobus cardiacus that worm kind moves to Brassica rapa L plant leaf, 800 times of carbendazols are sprayed to Brassica rapa L plant, controlling to breed temperature in nylon guard is 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, after continuing to breed 10 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 100, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 50%, drain the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool, above nylon guard, the sunshade net of 50% is covered during the 11:00-16:00 of fine day, when wilting appears in Brassica rapa L plant to injected clear water in nursery pond, control injected clear water degree of depth 1cm, 1 hour time, then the clear water in nursery pond is drained, the moistening Brassica rapa L plant of matrix in seedling-cultivating tray cultivation cave is kept not wilt, continue to breed after draining composite fertilizer's aqueous solution and reach 5 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 150, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 95%, the stiff aphid formation rate of aphidius gifuensis reaches more than 60%, remove on Brassica rapa L plant not by the cigarette aphid of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, obtain numerous plant having the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis, undertaken storing or directly having the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis to be used for field control aphid evil by numerous by plant breeding the stiff aphid of the aphidius gifuensis obtained, often coiling numerously has the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis can prevent and treat aphid evil 15 mu, farmland.
embodiment 2:a kind of aphidius gifuensis short period mating system, the host plant that the method adopts is vegetable variety Brassica rapa L, applies floating seedlings method and cultivates host plant, and it is as follows specifically to breed step:
(1) host plant is cultivated
The host plant that the vegetable variety Brassica rapa L of the fast disease resistance of growth selection strong cigarette aphid eating is bred as aphidius gifuensis;
Get out Flotage seedling raising pool, in nursery pond, add the aqueous solution of Common compound fertilizer, keep the degree of depth of the aqueous solution in nursery pond to be 10cm, control the aqueous solution in nursery pond total N concentration be 250ppm;
Get out the special seedling-cultivating tray of floating seedlings 500, the specification of seedling-cultivating tray is long 60 centimetres, wide 34 centimetres, high 5 centimetres, and each seedling-cultivating tray is provided with 80 cultivation caves, the good seedling medium of splendid attire in the cultivation cave of seedling-cultivating tray;
The seed of Brassica rapa L is sowed in two batches in the seedling-cultivating tray of the good seedling medium of splendid attire, first sows Brassica rapa L seed in 5 seedling-cultivating trays, having 5 of Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating trays to relay sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 80 object nylon guards, keep natural lighting condition, after 10 days, in remaining 595 seedling-cultivating trays, second batch sows Brassica rapa L seed, having 595 of Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating trays to relay second batch sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 80 object nylon guards, keep natural lighting condition,
Brassica rapa L seed is emerged after sowing reaches 3 days, after emerging cultivate within 5 days, grow to three leaves wholeheartedly, Brassica rapa L grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time a tpn 1000 times of liquid are sprayed to plant;
(2) worm kind is bred
Get out worm kind room, Flotage seedling raising pool is equipped with in worm kind room, the good composite fertilizer aqueous solution identical with in step (1) Flotage seedling raising pool of splendid attire in Flotage seedling raising pool in worm kind room, step (1) first sowing 5 seedling-cultivating trays in Brassica rapa L plant grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time, described 5 seedling-cultivating trays are relayed in the Flotage seedling raising pool of worm kind room;
Cigarette aphid and aphidius gifuensis is gathered respectively to field, the cigarette aphid collected in field and aphidius gifuensis are put on the plant of the wholeheartedly Brassica rapa L of three leaves in worm kind room simultaneously, often coil on Brassica rapa L plant and discharge cigarette aphid 800, aphidius gifuensis 5, keep temperature 30 DEG C, the humidity 80% of worm kind indoor, aphidius gifuensis and cigarette aphid breed 5 days jointly in worm kind indoor, the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of worm kind indoor is bred and obtains the worm kind of cigarette aphid and the worm kind of aphidius gifuensis, cigarette aphid on Brassica rapa L plant leaf is reached 10%-20% by the ratio of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, for subsequent use;
(3) aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale is bred
The Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind in step (2) worm kind room is picked, long 6cm is torn into by plucking the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind obtained by the method for artificial sheet, be inoculated on the Brassica rapa L plant of second batch sowing cultivation in step (1) nylon guard after wide 3cm equably, the many inoculation blade face of aphid upward, every strain Brassica rapa L plant inoculates tobacco aphid kind 5, aphidius gifuensis worm kind 1, composite fertilizer's aqueous solution is added in Flotage seedling raising pool in nylon guard, the total N concentration controlled in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool remains on 200-400ppm, breed temperature 30 DEG C, inoculation reach 2 days after by length be 6cm, wide is that the inoculation blade of 3cm is removed clean, after 3 days connect the back side or the lobus cardiacus that worm kind moves to Brassica rapa L plant leaf, 800 times of carbendazols are sprayed to Brassica rapa L plant, controlling to breed temperature in nylon guard is 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, after continuing to breed 10 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 100, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 50%, drain the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool, above nylon guard, the sunshade net of 50%-70% is covered during the 11:00-16:00 of fine day, when wilting appears in Brassica rapa L plant to injected clear water in nursery pond, control injected clear water degree of depth 2cm, 1 hour time, then the clear water in nursery pond is drained, the moistening Brassica rapa L plant of matrix in seedling-cultivating tray cultivation cave is kept not wilt, continue to breed after draining composite fertilizer's aqueous solution and reach 3 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 150, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 95%, the stiff aphid formation rate of aphidius gifuensis reaches more than 60%, remove on Brassica rapa L plant not by the cigarette aphid of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, obtain numerous plant having the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis, undertaken storing or directly having the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis to be used for field control aphid evil by numerous by plant breeding the stiff aphid of the aphidius gifuensis obtained, often coiling numerously has the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis can prevent and treat aphid evil 10 mu, farmland.
Claims (1)
1. aphidius gifuensis short period mating system, is characterized in that: the host plant that the method adopts is vegetable variety Brassica rapa L, and apply floating seedlings method and cultivate host plant, it is as follows specifically to breed step:
(1) host plant is cultivated
The host plant that the vegetable variety Brassica rapa L of the fast disease resistance of growth selection strong cigarette aphid eating is bred as aphidius gifuensis;
Get out Flotage seedling raising pool, in nursery pond, add the aqueous solution of Common compound fertilizer, keep the degree of depth of the aqueous solution in nursery pond to be 5-10cm, control the aqueous solution in nursery pond total N concentration be 150-250ppm;
Get out the special seedling-cultivating tray 60-500 of floating seedlings, the specification of seedling-cultivating tray is long 60 centimetres, wide 34 centimetres, high 5 centimetres, and each seedling-cultivating tray is provided with 80-162 cultivation cave, the good seedling medium of splendid attire in the cultivation cave of seedling-cultivating tray;
The seed of Brassica rapa L is sowed in two batches in the seedling-cultivating tray of the good seedling medium of splendid attire, first sows Brassica rapa L seed in 3-5 seedling-cultivating tray, having the 3-5 of a Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating tray to relay sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 60-80 object nylon guard, keep natural lighting condition, after 10 days, in a remaining 55-597 seedling-cultivating tray, second batch sows Brassica rapa L seed, having the 55-597 of a Brassica rapa L seed seedling-cultivating tray to relay second batch sowing swims on the aqueous solution of nursery pond, floating have above the nursery pond of seedling-cultivating tray cover 60-80 object nylon guard, keep natural lighting condition,
Brassica rapa L seed is emerged after sowing reaches 3 days, cultivates and grow to three leaves wholeheartedly in 5-11 days after emerging, Brassica rapa L grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time a tpn 500-1000 times liquid is sprayed to plant;
(2) worm kind is bred
Get out worm kind room, Flotage seedling raising pool is equipped with in worm kind room, the good composite fertilizer aqueous solution identical with in step (1) Flotage seedling raising pool of splendid attire in Flotage seedling raising pool in worm kind room, step (1) first sowing 3-5 seedling-cultivating tray in Brassica rapa L plant grow to three leaves wholeheartedly time, a described 3-5 seedling-cultivating tray is relayed in the Flotage seedling raising pool of worm kind room;
Cigarette aphid and aphidius gifuensis is gathered respectively to field, the cigarette aphid collected in field and aphidius gifuensis are put on the plant of the wholeheartedly Brassica rapa L of three leaves in worm kind room simultaneously, often coil on Brassica rapa L plant and discharge cigarette aphid 500-800 head, aphidius gifuensis 1-5 head, keep the temperature 15-30 DEG C of worm kind indoor, humidity 30-80%, aphidius gifuensis and cigarette aphid breed 5-10 days jointly in worm kind indoor, the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of worm kind indoor is bred and obtains the worm kind of cigarette aphid and the worm kind of aphidius gifuensis, cigarette aphid on Brassica rapa L plant leaf is reached 10%-20% by the ratio of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, for subsequent use,
(3) aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed scale is bred
The Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind in step (2) worm kind room is picked, long 4-6cm is torn into by plucking the Brassica rapa L plant leaf of breeding tobacco aphid kind and aphidius gifuensis worm kind obtained by the method for artificial sheet, be inoculated on the Brassica rapa L plant of second batch sowing cultivation in step (1) nylon guard after wide 2-3cm equably, the many inoculation blade face of aphid upward, every strain Brassica rapa L plant inoculates tobacco aphid kind 5-10 head, aphidius gifuensis worm kind 1-2 head, composite fertilizer's aqueous solution is added in Flotage seedling raising pool in nylon guard, the total N concentration controlled in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool remains on 200-400ppm, breed temperature 20-30 DEG C, inoculation reach 2 days after by length be 4-6cm, wide is that the inoculation blade of 2-3cm is removed clean, after 3 days connect the back side or the lobus cardiacus that worm kind moves to Brassica rapa L plant leaf, 800 times of carbendazols are sprayed to Brassica rapa L plant, controlling to breed temperature in nylon guard is 25 DEG C, humidity 50%, after continuing to breed 10 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 100, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 50%, drain the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution in nylon guard in Flotage seedling raising pool, above nylon guard, the sunshade net of 50%-70% is covered during the 11:00-16:00 of fine day, when wilting appears in Brassica rapa L plant to injected clear water in nursery pond, control injected clear water degree of depth 1-2cm, 1 hour time, then the clear water in nursery pond is drained, the moistening Brassica rapa L plant of matrix in seedling-cultivating tray cultivation cave is kept not wilt, continue to breed after draining composite fertilizer's aqueous solution and reach 3-5 days, every strain Brassica rapa L plant breeds the cigarette aphid quantity obtained and reach more than 150, the parasitic rate of aphidius gifuensis to cigarette aphid reaches more than 95%, the stiff aphid formation rate of aphidius gifuensis reaches more than 60%, remove on Brassica rapa L plant not by the cigarette aphid of aphidius gifuensis parasitism, obtain numerous plant having the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis, undertaken storing or directly having the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis to be used for field control aphid evil by numerous by plant breeding the stiff aphid of the aphidius gifuensis obtained, often coiling numerously has the plant of the stiff aphid of aphidius gifuensis can prevent and treat aphid evil farmland 10-15 mu.
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