CN106259208B - A kind of method that tobacco plant repeatedly breeds aphidius gifuensis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological prevention and control of agricultural and forestry pests, and in particular relates to a method for multiple breeding of Mizus persicae on tobacco plants, including the cultivation of Mizus persicae host plants, the first bee propagation, the second bee propagation, and the third bee propagation. Bee breeding, the fourth bee breeding, makes full use of the well-developed root system of tobacco plants to promote the germination and rapid growth of new leaves, so that tobacco plants can be reused without the need for secondary seedling breeding and transplanting, saving labor and time, and greatly improving The breeding efficiency of Myzus persicae.

Description

A kind of method for repeatedly breeding Mizus praecox in tobacco plants

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural and forestry pests, and in particular relates to a method for multiplying Broncophagus aphid from tobacco plants.

Background technique

Aphids are one of the main pests in the production of agricultural and forestry crops. The harm of aphids is particularly serious in the production of tobacco leaves. Adults and nymphs mainly suck the juice of tobacco leaves on the back and tender stems of tobacco leaves, resulting in dwarf growth of tobacco plants and unbalanced nutrition, which affects tobacco. The normal growth and development of the plant, the honeydew secreted by aphids can easily induce the occurrence of soot disease and other diseases, and at the same time, aphids also spread a variety of tobacco virus diseases, causing the epidemic of tobacco virus diseases; there are mainly chemical control and physical control for aphids, chemical control Relying on pesticides to eliminate aphids will reduce biodiversity, destroy the ecological environment, agricultural product pollution will affect food safety, aphids will increase in drug resistance, and the control effect will decline. Physical control mainly relies on yellow plates to prevent and control winged aphids. When on the plant, the yellow board loses its effectiveness in controlling aphids.

In the development of agro-ecological construction, biological control technology is one of the most effective ways to prevent and control aphids. Aphids are the dominant parasitic natural enemies of Aphids, and are distributed all over my country. Aphids lay their eggs in aphids. It can kill or control aphids by feeding on the sap, and breed its own offspring. It has a good control effect on Myzus persicae, and also has a certain control effect on aphids such as wheat aphid, wheat aphid, bean aphid, cotton aphid, etc. , At present, the artificial breeding technology of Braconid aphids, the host plants are mostly tobacco, there are two breeding methods: seedling breeding method and adult breeding method, their breeding cycle is too long, and the existing two methods are both It can only be bred once. To breed the second time, it is necessary to re-cultivate seedlings and transplant tobacco plants. It is urgent to study a breeding method for B. serrata that can shorten the bee-breeding cycle stably and efficiently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a stable and high-efficiency bee-breeding method capable of shortening the breeding cycle of M. aphids and reducing labor costs.

The technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in this way: a method for repeatedly cultivating Myzus persicae in a tobacco plant, and the steps of breeding Mysmitia serrata are as follows:

1) Cultivation of the host plant of Myzus persicae: the floating seedling method is used to cultivate the seedlings of the host plant of Myzus persicae;

2) The first bee breeding:

(1) Inoculate aphids and multiply aphids: When the tobacco seedlings cultivated in step 1) grow to 4 to 5 true leaves, begin to inoculate aphids, and each tobacco seedling is inoculated with 2 to 3 aphids, allowing the aphids to spread and reproduce on their own;

(2) Inoculate and multiply bees: 5 to 7 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, after the aphids are evenly distributed and propagated in an appropriate amount, transplant the seedlings with aphids into the bee-growing greenhouse, and the seedlings with aphids are planted and row spacing Both are 40cm, 20 to 25 days after transplanting, the seedlings have grown into tobacco plants, and a large number of stiff aphids and aphids can be formed 15 to 20 days after the bees are received;

3) The second bee breeding:

(1) Aphid breeding by aphids: The root system of the tobacco plant is not developed during the first bee breeding, and at the same time, it is harmed by the aphids. The tobacco plant and the leaves of the tobacco plant will not be too large. When the first bee breeding begins to form a large number of stiff aphids At the same time, the harm of the aphid is gradually reduced, the root system of the tobacco plant is gradually developed, and the upper part of the tobacco plant begins to send out new leaves. At this time, the leaves full of dead aphids are removed, and the new leaves on the upper part are kept. Due to the developed root system, the growth of new leaves The speed is very fast, pick up aphids on the new leaves, and pick up 20 to 30 aphids on each tobacco plant, so that the aphids can spread and reproduce on their own;

(2) Receiving bees and multiplying bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, the aphids are evenly distributed and multiplied, and then the bees are connected, and a large number of stiff aphids and aphids cocoons can be formed 15 to 20 days after receiving the bees bee;

4) The third bee breeding:

(1) Aphid breeding: After the second bee breeding, the root system of the tobacco plant is still in the developed stage, and the upper part of the tobacco plant can still send out new leaves. Due to the developed root system, the growth rate of new leaves is very fast, and aphids are placed on the new leaves, and each tobacco plant is inoculated with 20 to 30 aphids, so that the aphids can spread and reproduce on their own;

(2) Receiving bees and multiplying bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, the aphids are evenly distributed and reproduced in an appropriate amount, and then the bees are connected, and a large number of stiff aphids and aphid cocoons can be formed 15 to 20 days after receiving the bees bee;

5) The fourth bee breeding:

(1) Aphid breeding: After the third bee breeding, the tobacco plant is relatively high or has budded, and no new leaves will be released, but the root system is still developed. In this case, the tobacco plant can be topped or cut from the middle. Cut off and leave two leaves to promote the germination and growth of axillary buds. When the axillary bud leaves grow, remove the two leaves that were left during topping, and connect aphids on the axillary bud leaves. Each axillary bud receives 10 to 15 aphids. , let the aphid spread and reproduce on its own;

(2) Receiving bees and multiplying bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, the aphids are evenly distributed and reproduced in an appropriate amount, and then the bees are connected, and a large number of stiff aphids and aphid cocoons can be formed 15 to 20 days after receiving the bees bee.

The temperature in the bee breeding greenhouse is 17 to 27 degrees Celsius, and the humidity is 30% to 70%.

The bee-aphid ratio is 1:50 to 1:100 during the first, second, third, and fourth bee breeding.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the tobacco plants can be recycled, the grown tobacco plants are used to multiply bees, and when the first bee multiplication is carried out, transplanting with aphids is adopted, and the breeding time of the aphids and the growth of the tobacco plants Time put together, minimize the cultivation time of host plants, greatly shorten the bee breeding cycle; stable and efficient, do not require repeated cultivation of host plants, reduce labor costs, save labor and time.

Detailed ways

A method for multiple times breeding of Myzus persicae on tobacco plants, the steps of breeding Myzus persicae are as follows: 1) Cultivation of Myzus persicae host plants: adopting a floating seedling method to cultivate tobacco seedlings of Myzus persicae host plants; 2) First breeding Bees: (1) Inoculate aphids and multiply aphids: When the tobacco seedlings cultivated in step 1) grow to 4 to 5 true leaves, begin to inoculate aphids, and each tobacco seedling is inoculated with 2 to 3 aphids, allowing the aphids to spread and reproduce on their own; (2) Inoculate and multiply bees: 5 to 7 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, after the aphids are evenly distributed and propagated in an appropriate amount, transplant the seedlings with aphids into the bee-growing greenhouse, and the seedlings with aphids are planted and row spacing Both are 40cm, 20 to 25 days after transplanting, the seedlings have grown into tobacco plants, and a large number of stiff aphids and aphids can be formed 15 to 20 days after the bee harvesting; 3) The second bee breeding: (1) Aphid breeding by aphids: The root system of the tobacco plant is not developed during the first bee breeding, and at the same time, it is harmed by the aphids. The tobacco plant and the leaves of the tobacco plant will not be too large. When the first bee breeding begins to form a large number of stiff aphids At the same time, the harm of the aphid is gradually reduced, the root system of the tobacco plant is gradually developed, and the upper part of the tobacco plant begins to send out new leaves. At this time, the leaves full of dead aphids are removed, and the new leaves on the upper part are kept. Due to the developed root system, the growth of new leaves The speed is very fast, pick up aphids on the new leaves, each tobacco plant receives 20 to 30 aphids, and let the aphids spread and reproduce on their own; (2) Pick up bees and multiply bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), That is to say, M. persicae is evenly distributed and multiplied in large numbers, and then the bees are harvested, and a large number of stiff aphids and M. persicae can be formed 15 to 20 days after the infestation; 4) The third bee breeding: (1) Aphid breeding: the second time After the bee breeding is over, the root system of the tobacco plant is still in the developed stage, and the upper part of the tobacco plant can still send out new leaves. At this time, the leaves covered with dead aphids are removed, and the new leaves on the upper part are kept. Due to the developed root system, the growth rate of the new leaves is very fast. , connect aphids on the new leaves, each tobacco plant receives 20 to 30 aphids, and let the aphids spread and reproduce by themselves; (2) receive bees and multiply bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), the aphids Evenly distributed and moderately propagated, the bees will be harvested, and a large number of Aphids and Mizus may form within 15 to 20 days after harvesting; After the tobacco plant is taller or has budded, no new leaves will be released, but the root system is still developed. In this case, the tobacco plant can be topped or cut off from the middle, and two leaves are left to promote the germination and growth of axillary buds. Growth, when the axillary bud leaves grow, remove the two leaves from topping, connect aphids on the axillary bud leaves, each axillary bud is connected to 10 to 15 aphids, and let the aphids spread and reproduce by themselves; Bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving the aphids in step (1), that is, the aphids are evenly distributed and propagated in an appropriate amount, and then the bees are received, and a large number of stiff aphids and aphids can be formed 15 to 20 days after receiving the bees. The temperature in the bee breeding greenhouse is 17 to 27 degrees Celsius, and the humidity is 30% to 70%. The bee-aphid ratio is 1:50 to 1:100 during the first, second, third, and fourth bee breeding.

In the prior art, the methods of using tobacco as a host plant to breed Braconid aphid are: seedling propagation method and adult bee propagation method. The seedling bee breeding method is a method of floating seedlings. In the large cross stage of tobacco seedlings, that is, 50 to 60 days after sowing, the aphids are inoculated for the breeding of M. A large number of dead aphids and adult bees can be formed, and the entire breeding cycle is about 80 to 90 days. The adult bee breeding method is to start transplanting when the tobacco seedlings grow to 5 to 6 true leaves, that is, 70 to 80 days after sowing, and when the tobacco plants grow to 9 to 12 true leaves, that is, 25 to 30 days after transplanting. Aphids, introduced into adult bees after 15 to 20 days, can produce a large number of dead aphids and adult bees in 15 to 20 days, and the breeding cycle is more than 120 days.

In the invention, the breeding of the host and the growth of the host plant are carried out in the same stage in the breeding process of the Bronzechus spp The new leaves germinate and grow rapidly, so that the tobacco plants can be reused without the need for secondary seedling raising and transplanting, which saves labor and time, and greatly improves the breeding efficiency of Aphididae.

Claims (3)

1. a method for cultivating Myzus persicae repeatedly in a tobacco plant, is characterized in that, the step of breeding M. sylvestris is as follows: 1) Cultivation of the host plant of Myzus persicae: the floating seedling method is used to cultivate the seedlings of the host plant of Myzus persicae; 2) The first bee breeding: (1) Inoculate aphids and multiply aphids: When the tobacco seedlings cultivated in step 1) grow to 4 to 5 true leaves, begin to inoculate aphids, and each tobacco seedling is inoculated with 2 to 3 aphids, allowing the aphids to spread and reproduce on their own; (2) Inoculate and multiply bees: 5 to 7 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, after the aphids are evenly distributed and reproduced in an appropriate amount, transplant the seedlings with aphids into the bee-growing greenhouse, and the seedlings with aphids are separated from each other. The row spacing is 40cm, and the bees are received 20 to 25 days after transplanting. At this time, the tobacco seedlings have grown into tobacco plants, and a large number of stiff aphids and aphids can be formed 15 to 20 days after the bees are received; 3) The second bee breeding: (1) Aphid breeding by aphids: The root system of the tobacco plant is not developed during the first bee breeding, and at the same time, it is harmed by the aphids. The tobacco plant and the leaves of the tobacco plant will not be too large. When the first bee breeding begins to form a large number of stiff aphids At the same time, the harm of the aphid is gradually reduced, the root system of the tobacco plant is gradually developed, and the upper part of the tobacco plant begins to send out new leaves. At this time, the leaves full of dead aphids are removed, and the new leaves on the upper part are kept. Due to the developed root system, the growth of new leaves The speed is very fast, pick up aphids on the new leaves, and pick up 20 to 30 aphids on each tobacco plant, so that the aphids can spread and reproduce on their own; (2) Receiving bees and multiplying bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, M. aphids are evenly distributed and multiply in large numbers, and then bees are connected, and a large number of stiff aphids and M. aphids can be formed 15 to 20 days after receiving bees. Braconite; 4) The third bee breeding: (1) Aphid breeding: After the second bee breeding, the root system of the tobacco plant is still in the developed stage, and the upper part of the tobacco plant can still send out new leaves. Due to the developed root system, the growth rate of new leaves is very fast, and aphids are placed on the new leaves, and each tobacco plant is inoculated with 20 to 30 aphids, so that the aphids can spread and reproduce on their own; (2) Receiving bees and multiplying bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, M. aphids are evenly distributed and reproduced in an appropriate amount, and then bees are connected, and a large number of stiff aphids and M. aphids can be formed 15 to 20 days after receiving bees. Braconite; 5) The fourth bee breeding: (1) Aphid breeding: After the third bee breeding, the tobacco plant is relatively high or has budded, and no new leaves will be released, but the root system is still developed. Top the tobacco plant or cut it off from the middle, and keep the Two leaves, to promote the germination and growth of axillary buds, when the axillary bud leaves grow, remove the two leaves from topping, connect aphids on the axillary bud leaves, each axillary bud with 10 to 15 aphids, and let M. proliferation; (2) Receiving bees and multiplying bees: 10 to 15 days after receiving aphids in step (1), that is, M. aphids are evenly distributed and reproduced in an appropriate amount, and then bees are connected, and a large number of stiff aphids and M. aphids can be formed 15 to 20 days after receiving bees. Braconite. 2. the method for the multi-breeding of Aphididae by tobacco plants according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature in the described bee-breeding greenhouse is 17 to 27 degrees Celsius, and the humidity is 30% to 70%. 3. the method that tobacco plant according to claim 1 is repeatedly bred Brass spp When bees pick up bees, the ratio of bees to aphids is 1:50 to 1:100.