CN104823889A - Breeding method for scallop hybridization breeding - Google Patents
Breeding method for scallop hybridization breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823889A CN104823889A CN201510258249.7A CN201510258249A CN104823889A CN 104823889 A CN104823889 A CN 104823889A CN 201510258249 A CN201510258249 A CN 201510258249A CN 104823889 A CN104823889 A CN 104823889A
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- chlamys farreri
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- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241001441955 Argopecten irradians Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241001526627 Azumapecten farreri Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000206751 Chrysophyceae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000041725 Argopecten irradians irradians Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000237516 Mizuhopecten yessoensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009519 contusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for scallop hybridization breeding. The breeding method is characterized by comprising the steps that firstly, gonad development synchronous breeding is carried out on selected chlamys farreri and Argopecten irradians; then, fully-developed female chlamys farreri in the chlamys farreri and the fully-developed Argopecten irradians are selected, after the female chlamys farreri finishes spawning, the hermaphroditic Argopectehs irradians is set for spermiation, and fertilization is carried out on sperms and eggs to form scallop hybridization fertilized eggs; incubation is carried out on the hybridization fertilized eggs, then larva selection is carried out, and larvas are bred in a larva breeding pond; finally the bred larvas are bred to scallop hybridization fry capable of being bred through settlement and metamorphosis. The hybridization scallop fry are bred from the female chlamys farreri and the Argopectehs irradias in a hybridization mode, and have the prominent advantages that in the breeding process, growing speed is high, resistance to diseases is high, the gonad is poor in fertility, the adductor muscle is large, the growing speed can be improved by more than 30 percent, the yield of primary products of the adductor muscle is improved by more than 40 percent, the obvious heterosis is achieved, and the sustainable development of scallop culture in China can be promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the breeding technique of shellfish aquaculture, particularly a kind of breeding method of scallop hybrid breeding.
Background technology
The main species of China's scallop culture has three kinds, is respectively dioecious indigenous species chlamys farreri, introduces high temperature resistant hermaphroditic bay scallop and introduce low temperature resistant dioecious Patinopecten yessoensis from Japan from the U.S..But since summer in 1997 breaks out chlamys farreri massive mortality, the species structure of China's scallop culture there occurs great change.Because of the feature that bay scallop has fast growth, the culture-cycle is short, suitable temperature range is wide etc., can bring larger economic benefit, therefore bay scallop liking deeply by numerous raisers, occupies leading position in China's scallop culture industry.Due to bay scallop be 1985 from U.S.'s introduced variety, there is obvious inbreeding phenomenon, caused kind of matter obviously to fail in breeding through continuous multi-generation.Therefore, in recent years in the breeding process of bay scallop, occurred that cultivation lethality is high, seed growth rate is slow, regularity is poor, little individual ratio increased year by year, the individual slight of stature of scallop, the problem that closed shell flesh yield is low.These outstanding problems cause scallop output significantly to reduce, large quantities of raiser loss, and the serious contusion enthusiasm of raiser, also just inhibits the development of China's scallop culture industry.At present, although it is more to carry out scallop crossbreeding Experimental report, mostly the hybridization between the different geographical environment population of chlamys farreri of the same race, bay scallop and Patinopecten yessoensis, and chlamys farreri and the dioecious hybridization of Patinopecten yessoensis, but dioecious chlamys farreri and hermaphroditic Argopecten irradians irradians nursery comparision of production difficulty, and scallop culture is strongly required to carry out genetic improvement to bay scallop and chlamys farreri kind in producing, cultivate the scallop kind that growth is quick, premunition is strong and closed shell flesh is large.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of scallop hybrid breeding, cultivate the scallop hybrid seed that growth is quick, disease-resistant by force, closed shell flesh is large, to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
A breeding method for scallop hybrid breeding, is characterized in that comprising and first the chlamys farreri chosen and Bay Scallop Parent shellfish is carried out gonad development and synchronously cultivate; Then select the female shellfish of chlamys farreri fully-developed and fully-developed bay scallop, the female shellfish of chlamys farreri arranges hermaphroditic bay scallop to carry out ejaculation after laying eggs and terminating, and the smart feritilization of ovum forms scallop exomixis ovum; Carry out choosing children after exomixis egg hatching, then cultivate in larva culture pond; Finally by the larva that cultivates through settlement and metamorphosis, being bred as can for the scallop hybrid seedlings of cultivation.
The breeding method of described scallop hybrid breeding comprises following concrete steps:
(1) selection of close shellfish: select without wound, grossness, the chlamys farreri of size 6cm-7cm and the bay scallop of 5cm-6cm are close shellfish;
(2) accelerating of close shellfish: the bay scallop of above-mentioned select and chlamys farreri enter pond respectively and cultivate, and bay scallop shifts to an earlier date 15 days enter pond cultivate, enter pond water temperature and amphiphilic shellfish habitat water temperature is consistent, parent shellfish stable growth is after 4-5 days, heat up every day 0.5-1 DEG C, and cultivate close shellfish under remaining on 18-20 DEG C of temperature, observe bay scallop and Parent Scallop, Chlamys farreri gonad development degree in cultivation, realize synchronously reaching maturity of bay scallop and chlamys farreri by control temperature and daily ration, feeding quantity;
(3) formation of scallop hybridization ovum: select the female shellfish of chlamys farreri fully-developed and fully-developed Bay Scallop Parent shellfish carries out drying in the shade, heating up and hasten parturition respectively, after the female shellfish of chlamys farreri lays eggs and terminates, arrange hermaphroditic bay scallop ejaculation, 10-15 minute after bay scallop ejaculation, find that there is bay scallop when starting to ovulate, remove Bay Scallop Parent shellfish immediately, filter out seminal fluid with 500 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, seminal fluid fertilization is added, final formation scallop exomixis ovum in chlamys farreri spawning pond;
(4) scallop hybridization larvae cultivation: above-mentioned exomixis ovum was grown to D shape larva 20-23 DEG C of water temperature through 22-28 hour, utilize 300 mesh sieve tulle casees to carry out choosing children to cultivate in larva culture pond, larvae cultivation water temperature stability is at 20-25 DEG C, using chrysophyceae as its open-mouthed bait, late stage of culture can be arranged in pairs or groups the Micro Algaes such as chrysophyceae, diatom and flat algae of throwing something and feeding, and the cultivating and managing of scallop hybrid larva manages with conventional Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds;
(5) scallop hybrid seedlings is cultivated: the above-mentioned larva cultivated, through settlement and metamorphosis, packs and cultivates the scallop hybrid seedlings that can supply cultivation through marine Transitional culture.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: facts have proved, the scallop hybrid seed that the present invention adopts the female shellfish of chlamys farreri and Argopecten irradians irradians to cultivate, advantage outstanding in cultivation is that growth is quick, premunition is strong, sexual gland fertility is poor, closed shell flesh is large, growth rate can improve more than 30%, closed shell flesh yield improves more than 40%, has obvious hybrid vigour.Present invention accomplishes current scallop culture industry to the demand of scallop kind, effectively solve during China's scallop culture is produced the problem that growth is slow and lethality is high existed, promote the sustainable development of China's scallop culture.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by way of specific embodiment.
embodiment 1:
(1) selection of close shellfish: select without wound, grossness, the chlamys farreri of size 6cm-7cm and the bay scallop of 5cm-6cm are close shellfish;
(2) accelerating of close shellfish: the bay scallop of above-mentioned select and chlamys farreri enter pond respectively and cultivate, for make chlamys farreri and bay scallop gonad development synchronous, bay scallop shifts to an earlier date 15 days and enters pond cultivation, enter pond water temperature and amphiphilic shellfish habitat water temperature is consistent, parent shellfish stable growth is after 4-5 days, heat up every day 0.5-1 DEG C, and cultivate close shellfish under remaining on 18-20 DEG C of temperature, bay scallop and Parent Scallop, Chlamys farreri gonad development degree is observed in cultivation, synchronously reaching maturity of bay scallop and chlamys farreri is realized by control temperature and daily ration, feeding quantity, treat antenatal 1-2 days, forbid down that Chi He great changes water, bait feeding is light and slow, diligent suction at the bottom of pond removes remaining bait and ight soil,
(3) formation of scallop hybridization ovum: select the female shellfish of chlamys farreri fully-developed and fully-developed Bay Scallop Parent shellfish is dried in the shade respectively, intensification is hastened parturition, after the female shellfish of chlamys farreri lays eggs and terminates, arrange hermaphroditic bay scallop ejaculation, 10-15 minute after bay scallop ejaculation, find that there is bay scallop when starting to ovulate, remove Bay Scallop Parent shellfish immediately, seminal fluid is filtered out with 500 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, the fertilization of appropriate seminal fluid is added in chlamys farreri spawning pond, sperm quantity is advisable there to be visible sperm 4-5 around each ovum of microscope inspection, final formation scallop exomixis ovum,
(4) scallop hybridization larvae cultivation: above-mentioned exomixis ovum was grown to D shape larva 20-23 DEG C of water temperature through 22-28 hour, utilize 300 mesh sieve tulle casees to carry out choosing children to cultivate in larva culture pond, larvae cultivation water temperature stability is at 20-25 DEG C, using chrysophyceae as its open-mouthed bait, late stage of culture can be arranged in pairs or groups the Micro Algaes such as chrysophyceae, diatom and flat algae of throwing something and feeding, and the cultivating and managing of scallop hybrid larva manages with conventional Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds;
(5) scallop hybrid seedlings is cultivated: the above-mentioned larva cultivated, through settlement and metamorphosis, packs and cultivates the scallop hybrid seedlings that can supply cultivation through marine Transitional culture.
Facts have proved, the advantage that the scallop hybrid seed adopting the female shellfish of chlamys farreri and Argopecten irradians irradians to cultivate is given prominence in cultivation is that growth is quick, premunition is strong, sexual gland fertility is poor, closed shell flesh is large, compared with the bay scallop of common variety, growth rate can improve more than 30%, and closed shell flesh yield improves more than 40%, this scallop hybrid seed has obvious hybrid vigour.
Claims (3)
1. a breeding method for scallop hybrid breeding, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: first the chlamys farreri chosen and Bay Scallop Parent shellfish are carried out gonad development and synchronously cultivate; Then select the female shellfish of chlamys farreri fully-developed and fully-developed bay scallop, the female shellfish of chlamys farreri arranges hermaphroditic bay scallop to carry out ejaculation after laying eggs and terminating, and the smart feritilization of ovum forms scallop exomixis ovum; Carry out choosing children after exomixis egg hatching, then cultivate in larva culture pond; Finally by the larva that cultivates through settlement and metamorphosis, being bred as can for the scallop hybrid seedlings of cultivation.
2. the breeding method of scallop hybrid breeding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising following concrete steps:
(1) selection of close shellfish: select without wound, grossness, the chlamys farreri of size 6cm-7cm and the bay scallop of 5cm-6cm are close shellfish;
(2) accelerating of close shellfish: the bay scallop of above-mentioned select and chlamys farreri enter pond respectively and cultivate, and bay scallop shifts to an earlier date 15 days enter pond cultivate, enter pond water temperature and amphiphilic shellfish habitat water temperature is consistent, parent shellfish stable growth is after 4-5 days, heat up every day 0.5-1 DEG C, and cultivate close shellfish under remaining on 18-20 DEG C of temperature, observe bay scallop and Parent Scallop, Chlamys farreri gonad development degree in cultivation, realize synchronously reaching maturity of bay scallop and chlamys farreri by control temperature and daily ration, feeding quantity;
(3) formation of scallop hybridization ovum: select the female shellfish of chlamys farreri fully-developed and fully-developed Bay Scallop Parent shellfish carries out drying in the shade, heating up and hasten parturition respectively, after the female shellfish of chlamys farreri lays eggs and terminates, arrange hermaphroditic bay scallop ejaculation, 10-15 minute after bay scallop ejaculation, find that there is bay scallop when starting to ovulate, remove Bay Scallop Parent shellfish immediately, filter out seminal fluid with 500 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, seminal fluid fertilization is added, final formation scallop exomixis ovum in chlamys farreri spawning pond;
(4) scallop hybridization larvae cultivation: above-mentioned exomixis ovum was grown to D shape larva 20-23 DEG C of water temperature through 22-28 hour, utilize 300 mesh sieve tulle casees to carry out choosing children to cultivate in larva culture pond, larvae cultivation water temperature stability is at 20-25 DEG C, using chrysophyceae as its open-mouthed bait, late stage of culture can be arranged in pairs or groups the Micro Algaes such as chrysophyceae, diatom and flat algae of throwing something and feeding, and the cultivating and managing of scallop hybrid larva manages with conventional Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds;
(5) scallop hybrid seedlings is cultivated: the above-mentioned larva cultivated, through settlement and metamorphosis, packs and cultivates the scallop hybrid seedlings that can supply cultivation through marine Transitional culture.
3. the breeding method of scallop hybrid breeding as claimed in claim 2, the amount that it is characterized in that adding in described (3) step seminal fluid is that sperm quantity is there to be visible sperm 4-5 around each ovum of microscope inspection.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106035166A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-26 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Physical method capable of effectively avoiding self-fertilization of Tridacna sp |
| CN106508759A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-22 | 中国水产科学研究院长岛增殖实验站 | Method for synchronous development control of scapharca broughtonii in different geographical populations |
| CN109287533A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-02-01 | 大连海洋大学 | Scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding and equipment |
| CN109496932A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-22 | 龙口市温流水育苗养殖有限公司 | A kind of Xiayi shellfish cultural method |
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| CN106508759A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-22 | 中国水产科学研究院长岛增殖实验站 | Method for synchronous development control of scapharca broughtonii in different geographical populations |
| CN109287533A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-02-01 | 大连海洋大学 | Scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding and equipment |
| CN109287533B (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2024-02-27 | 大连海洋大学 | Large-scale breeding method and equipment for hybrid scallop offspring seeds |
| CN109496932A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-22 | 龙口市温流水育苗养殖有限公司 | A kind of Xiayi shellfish cultural method |
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| CN104823889B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
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