CN109287533A - Scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding and equipment - Google Patents
Scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding and equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109287533A CN109287533A CN201811079585.5A CN201811079585A CN109287533A CN 109287533 A CN109287533 A CN 109287533A CN 201811079585 A CN201811079585 A CN 201811079585A CN 109287533 A CN109287533 A CN 109287533A
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- scallop
- shellfish
- patinopecten yessoensis
- seawater
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- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 241000237516 Mizuhopecten yessoensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 241001441955 Argopecten irradians Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010010 raising Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000471162 Erysipelothrix larvae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001647 gastrula Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001526627 Azumapecten farreri Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206751 Chrysophyceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206747 Cylindrotheca closterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001526679 Mimachlamys nobilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding and equipment; the present invention passes through the technological means such as temperature regulation; realize bay scallop and Patinopecten yessoensis sexual gland mature and sperm drainage of laying eggs respectively simultaneously; the oviposition water for being down to bay scallop laying eggs sperm drainage water temperature after the oviposition water temperature of Patinopecten yessoensis again with Patinopecten yessoensis mixes; maintain the vigor of sperm; rate of fertilization, hatching rate, the survival rate of floating larva and the distortion ratio in hybrid process are improved, to improve the Seedling production efficiency of scallop hybrid seed.Hybrid seedlings of the invention also have many advantages, such as that the speed of growth is fast, temperature resistant range is wide and it is high to go out fourth rate at shellfish.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field more particularly to a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis (♀) and bay scallop (♂) scallop hybrid
Seed method for scaled breeding and equipment.
Background technique
Currently, scallop culture kind is mainly bay scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis, Chlamys farreri and Chlamys nobilis etc.,
In with the yield of bay scallop and Patinopecten yessoensis maximum, account for 70% or more of China's scallop total output.The bay scallop speed of growth is fast
(can form for the year) and heat-resisting ability is strong, but individual is small, and fourth (adductor muscle) rate is low out；Patinopecten yessoensis individual is big, out fourth (closed shell
Flesh) rate is high and the market price is high, but is low temperature kind, and summer maximum temperature cannot be for a long time more than 23 DEG C, otherwise can be largely dead
It dies, therefore cultivates by territory restriction, while the speed of growth is slower, needs can just form within 2 ~ 3 years.
So far, there are no about Patinopecten yessoensis (♀) and bay scallop (♂) scallop hybrid seed propagation in scale side
The relevant report of method and equipment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to provide a kind of Patinopecten yessoensis (♀) and sea to solve above-mentioned technical problem present in the prior art
Gulf scallop (♂) scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding and equipment.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a kind of scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding, it is characterised in that successively
It carries out in accordance with the following steps:
A. selection and the accelerating of shellfish are planted:
A.1 the female Patinopecten yessoensis of the shell diameter at least bay scallop of 6cm and shell diameter at least 9cm are selected as close shellfish；
A.2 Bay Scallop Parent shellfish and Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish are distinguished into accelerating, keep two kinds of close shellfish sexual glands mature simultaneously:
Bay Scallop Parent shellfish quantity is thousand seedling water of 50kg/, and Bay Scallop Parent shellfish enters constant temperature raising 5d behind 3 DEG C of seawater ponds；So
1 DEG C of heating daily afterwards, until constant temperature raises 3d after 15 DEG C；0.5 DEG C of heating daily again finally will until 18 DEG C of constant temperature raise 13 ~ 18d
Water temperature rises to 20 DEG C, and constant temperature raises 3 ~ 5d；
Patinopecten yessoensis parent's shellfish quantity is 4 pieces/seedling water, and constant temperature raises 3 ~ 5d after Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish enters 3 DEG C of seawater ponds, then
Daily water temperature increases 0.5 DEG C, and every after 4 DEG C after rising to increase 0.5 DEG C of constant temperature raising 3d, constant temperature raises 10 ~ 12d when reaching 6 DEG C, then
Daily 0.5 DEG C of heating rises to 7.5 DEG C of constant temperature and raises 12 ~ 15d；
B. fertilized eggs are formed
Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish is dried in the shade one hour, Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish is put into the oviposition with 16.2 ~ 16.6 DEG C of seawater later
With 1/2m in pond and in pond2Density lays gas stone, raising to oviposition；By bay from Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish dries in the shade half an hour
Parent scallop dries in the shade one hour, then bay scallop is put into 23 DEG C of seawater and is laid with raising in the net cage of gas stone and is extremely arranged
23 DEG C of seawater with bay scallop sperm are down to after 16.2 ~ 16.6 DEG C step by step reinject Patinopecten yessoensis spawning pond later by essence,
Until having 2 ~ 3 bay scallop sperms around the ovum of 80% or more sediments microscope inspection Patinopecten yessoensis；Form fertilized eggs；
C. hatch
In development of fertilized ova to 2 hours of primitive gut, water temperature is promoted to 17.5 DEG C and is hatched, until D type larva ratio reaches 70%；
D. breeding
Breeding is carried out using concentration method；
E. larvae cultivation
The larva of institute's breeding is moved in the culture pond of 17.0 DEG C of half clean seawater and cultivated, cultivates 8 ~ 10ind/ of density
Ml, increases the seawater of 20cm daily, culture pond is filled it up with seawater after three days, and it is primary to change water daily later, and quantity of exchanged water is 1/3 left
The right side, suction bottom is primary within five days or so, until pond, dispensing attachment base；When D type larva grows to 130 μm, water temperature is risen to
18.0 DEG C of constant temperature incubations are to seed.
A kind of above-mentioned scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding equipment, it is characterised in that: be equipped with cabinet, the cabinet
It has inside been vertically arranged first partition and second partition, cabinet has successively been divided into case in first, case in case and third in second, in first
Case is equipped with gas stone in case in case and third in second, and there are the first overflow port, the second partition in the upper end of the first partition
There is the second overflow port in lower end, with second partition parallel and adjacent to the panel upper end of cabinet have third overflow port, in first
Case is built-in with 500 mesh net cages, is built-in with the first water inlet pipe in 500 mesh net cages, case is built-in with the second water inlet pipe, institute in described second
It states case in third and is built-in with third water inlet pipe, the first solenoid valve is equipped on the second water inlet pipe, the is equipped on third water inlet pipe
The first temperature sensor and second temperature sensor is respectively set at second overflow port and third overflow port in two solenoid valves,
First solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, the first temperature sensor and second temperature sensor connect with controller.
The present invention technological means such as regulates and controls by temperature, realize bay scallop and Patinopecten yessoensis sexual gland it is mature simultaneously and point
Not Chan Luan sperm drainage, so that bay scallop laying eggs sperm drainage water temperature is down to the oviposition water temperature of Patinopecten yessoensis by the way of cooling down step by step later
Mixed again with the oviposition water of Patinopecten yessoensis afterwards, maintain the vigor of sperm, improve rate of fertilization in hybrid process, hatching rate,
The survival rate and distortion ratio of floating larva, to improve the Seedling production efficiency of scallop hybrid seed.Cross hybrid seedling of the invention
Kind also has many advantages, such as that the speed of growth is fast, temperature resistant range is wide and it is high to go out fourth rate at shellfish.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of device therefor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding of the invention is equipped with cabinet 1 with equipment as shown in Figure 1:, erects in cabinet 1
It is equipped with first partition 2 and second partition 3, cabinet 1 is successively divided into first in case 4, second case 6 in case 5 and third, first
It is equipped with gas stone 7 in case 6 in case 5 and third in interior case 4, second, there are the first overflow port 8, second partition in the upper end of first partition 2
There are the second overflow port 9 in 3 lower ends, with second partition 3 parallel and adjacent to the panel upper end of cabinet 1 have third overflow port 10,
Case 4 is built-in with 500 mesh net cages 11 in first, is built-in with the first water inlet pipe 12 in 500 mesh net cages 11, and case 5 is built-in in second
Two water inlet pipes 13, case 6 is built-in with third water inlet pipe 14 in third, and the first solenoid valve 15 is equipped on the second water inlet pipe 13, the
Three water inlet pipes 14 are equipped with second solenoid valve 16, and the first temperature sensing is respectively set at the second overflow port 9 and third overflow port 10
Device 17 and second temperature sensor 18, first solenoid valve 15, second solenoid valve 16, the first temperature sensor 17 and the second temperature
Degree sensor 18 connects with controller.Cabinet 1 is placed in spawning pond when use, gas stone 7 is in inflated condition.
A kind of scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding of the invention successively carries out in accordance with the following steps:
A. selection and the accelerating of shellfish are planted:
A.1 normal, energetic, not damaged, the error-free shell of the bodily form is selected and the shell diameter at least bay scallop of 6cm and shell diameter at least 9cm
Female Patinopecten yessoensis be close shellfish；
A.2 Bay Scallop Parent shellfish and Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish are distinguished into accelerating, keep two kinds of close shellfish sexual glands mature simultaneously:
Bay Scallop Parent shellfish quantity is thousand seedling water of 50kg/, and Bay Scallop Parent shellfish enters constant temperature raising 5d behind 3 DEG C of seawater ponds；So
1 DEG C of heating daily afterwards, until constant temperature raises 3d after 15 DEG C；0.5 DEG C of heating daily again, until 18 DEG C of constant temperature raise 15d, after by water temperature liter
To 20 DEG C, constant temperature raises 5d；
Patinopecten yessoensis parent's shellfish quantity is 4 pieces/seedling water, and Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish enters constant temperature raising 5d behind 3 DEG C of seawater ponds, then often
Sky and water temperature increases 0.5 DEG C, and every after 4 DEG C after rising to increase 0.5 DEG C of constant temperature raising 3d, constant temperature raises 12d when reaching 6 DEG C, then carries out
Primary kind of shellfish selects, and rejects male and hermaphroditic individual, later daily 0.5 DEG C of heating again, rises to 7.5 DEG C of constant temperature raisings
12d；
B. fertilized eggs are formed
The female shellfish of Patinopecten yessoensis is dried in the shade one hour, the female shellfish of Patinopecten yessoensis is put into the oviposition with 16.2 ~ 16.6 DEG C of seawater later
With 1/2m in pond and in pond2Density lays gas stone, raising to oviposition；By bay from Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish dries in the shade half an hour
Parent scallop dries in the shade one hour, then bay scallop is put into 23 DEG C of seawater and is laid in 500 mesh net cages 11 of gas stone 7 and is raised
It supports to sperm drainage, 23 DEG C of seawater is slowly injected into 500 mesh net cages 11 by the first water inlet pipe 12 later, while controller controls the
One solenoid valve 15, second solenoid valve 16 pass through the second water inlet pipe 13, third water inlet pipe 14 case into case 5 in second and third respectively
Injection is lower than 23 DEG C of seawater in 6, and flow in second in case 5 that 23 DEG C of seawater converges by the first overflow port 8；Controller root
According to the first temperature sensor 17 and the signal of second temperature sensor 18, with 13 water temperature of the second water inlet pipe, 14 water of third water inlet pipe
Temperature and 15 aperture of the first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve 16 are control parameter, fuzzy control temperature controller and solenoid valve, make the
Water temperature at two overflow ports 9 is 19 ~ 21 DEG C, the water temperature at third overflow port 10 is 16.2 ~ 16.6 DEG C, i.e., will have bay scallop
23 DEG C of seawater of sperm inject Patinopecten yessoensis spawning pond and at any time microscopy after being down to 16.2 ~ 16.6 DEG C step by step, until microscope mirror
Examining around the ovum of 80% or more Patinopecten yessoensis has 2 ~ 3 bay scallop sperms；Form fertilized eggs；
C. hatch
In development of fertilized ova to 2 hours of primitive gut, water temperature in spawning pond 19 is promoted to 17.5 DEG C and is hatched, until D type larva
Ratio reaches 70%；
D. breeding
Breeding is carried out using concentration method；
E. larvae cultivation
The larva of institute's breeding is moved in the culture pond of 17.0 DEG C of half clean seawater and cultivated, cultivates 8 ~ 10ind/ of density
Ml, increases the seawater of 20cm daily, culture pond is filled it up with seawater after three days, and it is primary to change water daily later, and quantity of exchanged water is 1/3 left
The right side, suction bottom is primary within five days or so, until pond, dispensing attachment base；When D type larva grows to 130 μm, water temperature is risen to
18.0 DEG C of constant temperature incubations are to seed.
Raising open-mouthed bait is chrysophyceae, after gradually add Nitzschia closterium minutissima and flat algae, specific feeding volume according to situation of ingesting,
The factors such as larval density determine.
Through detecting, the rate of fertilization of the embodiment of the present invention is at least 90%, and hatching rate is at least 80%, the survival rate of floating larva
At least 75%, distortion ratio is at least 90%.Tolerable 26 DEG C of the high temperature of the hybrid seedlings that the embodiment of the present invention is cultivated, growth speed
Degree improves 15% or more than Patinopecten yessoensis, and fourth rate improves 15% or more than bay scallop out.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding, it is characterised in that successively carry out in accordance with the following steps:
A. selection and the accelerating of shellfish are planted:
A.1 the female Patinopecten yessoensis of the shell diameter at least bay scallop of 6cm and shell diameter at least 9cm are selected as close shellfish；
A.2 Bay Scallop Parent shellfish and Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish are distinguished into accelerating, keep two kinds of close shellfish sexual glands mature simultaneously:
Bay Scallop Parent shellfish quantity is thousand seedling water of 50kg/, and Bay Scallop Parent shellfish enters constant temperature raising 5d behind 3 DEG C of seawater ponds；So
1 DEG C of heating daily afterwards, until constant temperature raises 3d after 15 DEG C；0.5 DEG C of heating daily again, until 18 DEG C of constant temperature raise 13 ~ 18 d, temperature rise is extremely
20 DEG C, constant temperature raises 3 ~ 5d；
Patinopecten yessoensis parent's shellfish quantity is 4 pieces/seedling water, and constant temperature raises 3 ~ 5d after Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish enters 3 DEG C of seawater ponds, then
Daily water temperature increases 0.5 DEG C, and every after 4 DEG C after rising to increase 0.5 DEG C of constant temperature raising 3d, constant temperature raises 10 ~ 12d when reaching 6 DEG C, then
Daily 0.5 DEG C of heating rises to 7.5 DEG C of constant temperature and raises 12 ~ 15d；
B. fertilized eggs are formed
Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish is dried in the shade one hour, Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish is put into the oviposition with 16.2 ~ 16.6 DEG C of seawater later
With 1/2m in pond and in pond2Density lays gas stone, raising to oviposition；By bay from Patinopecten yessoensis parent shellfish dries in the shade half an hour
Parent scallop dries in the shade one hour, then bay scallop is put into 23 DEG C of seawater and is laid with raising in the net cage of gas stone and is extremely arranged
23 DEG C of seawater with bay scallop sperm are down to after 16.2 ~ 16.6 DEG C step by step reinject Patinopecten yessoensis spawning pond later by essence,
Until having 2 ~ 3 bay scallop sperms around sediments microscope inspection Patinopecten yessoensis ovum；Form fertilized eggs；
C. hatch
In development of fertilized ova to 2 hours of primitive gut, water temperature is promoted to 17.5 DEG C and is hatched, until D type larva ratio reaches 70%；
D. breeding
Breeding is carried out using concentration method；
E. larvae cultivation
The larva of institute's breeding is moved in the culture pond of 17.0 DEG C of half clean seawater and cultivated, cultivates 8 ~ 10ind/ of density
Ml, increases the seawater of 20cm daily, culture pond is filled it up with seawater after three days, and it is primary to change water daily later, and quantity of exchanged water is 1/3 left
The right side, suction bottom is primary within five days or so, until pond, dispensing attachment base；When D type larva grows to 130 μm, water temperature is risen to
18.0 DEG C of constant temperature incubations are to seed.
2. a kind of scallop hybrid seed method for scaled breeding equipment as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: be equipped with cabinet
(1), it has been vertically arranged first partition (2) and second partition (3) in the cabinet (1), cabinet (1) is successively divided into case in first
(4), case (6) in case (5) and third in second, case (4) in first are equipped with gas stone in case (6) in case (5) and third in second
(7), the upper end of the first partition (2) has the first overflow port (8), and second partition (3) lower end has the second overflow port (9),
With second partition (3) parallel and adjacent to the panel upper end of cabinet (1) have third overflow port (10), in first in case (4)
500 mesh net cages (11) are equipped with, are built-in with the first water inlet pipe (12) in 500 mesh net cages (11), case (5) is built-in in described second
Two water inlet pipes (13), case (6) is built-in with third water inlet pipe (14) in the third, and the first electricity is equipped on the second water inlet pipe (13)
Magnet valve (15) is equipped with second solenoid valve (16), second overflow port (9) and third overflow port on third water inlet pipe (14)
(10) the first temperature sensor (17) and second temperature sensor (18), first solenoid valve (15), second are respectively set at
Solenoid valve (16), the first temperature sensor (17) and second temperature sensor (18) connect with controller.
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| CN201811079585.5A CN109287533B (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | Large-scale breeding method and equipment for hybrid scallop offspring seeds |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811079585.5A CN109287533B (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | Large-scale breeding method and equipment for hybrid scallop offspring seeds |
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| CN109287533A true CN109287533A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109287533B CN109287533B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110292007A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-01 | 烟台海益苗业有限公司 | Hybrid scallop seedling raising method and device |
| CN115136911A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-04 | 烟台市海洋经济研究院(烟台市渔业技术推广站、烟台市海洋捕捞增殖管理站) | Method for promoting maturation and spawning of rapana venosa suitable for northern China |
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| CN115136911B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-07-25 | 烟台市海洋经济研究院(烟台市渔业技术推广站、烟台市海洋捕捞增殖管理站) | Method for promoting maturation and spawning of rapana venosa in north China |
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