CN104273073A - Breeding method for bay purple hybrid golden yellow adductor muscle scallops - Google Patents
Breeding method for bay purple hybrid golden yellow adductor muscle scallops Download PDFInfo
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- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000237503 Pectinidae Species 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 5
- 230000010165 autogamy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000021466 carotenoid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001747 carotenoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 claims description 99
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 24
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001441955 Argopecten irradians Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000027877 Disorders of Sex Development Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000005611 hermaphroditism Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000010196 hermaphroditism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000013327 true hermaphroditism Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001441956 Argopecten Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000041725 Argopecten irradians irradians Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000227425 Pieris rapae crucivora Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a breeding method for bay purple hybrid golden yellow adductor muscle scallops. Excellent golden yellow adductor muscle scallops are selected from bay purple hybrid scallops, and stimulated after maturation promotion to obtain eggs and sperms thereof which are respectively utilized for selfing to establish multiple families. Excellent hybrid families are selected according to phenotypes of all the selfing families, then excellent individuals are selected from the excellent hybrid families, and after maturation promotion, self-fertilization are respectively carried out to establish multiple selfing families; through the way, selfing is continuously carried out for more than five generations by using the same method to obtain a new variety of golden yellow adductor muscle scallops, which is stable in inheritance and rich in carotenoids. The breeding method provided by the invention can also be implemented by adopting a group breeding method. The breeding method provided by the invention is simple and easy to purify, saves time and effort, and is easier to breed the new variety of the golden yellow adductor muscle scallops which is stable in inheritance and rich in carotenoids. The variety is rich in carotenoids, so that the nutritional value of scallops is obviously enhanced, and the scallops have a great economic value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the breeding technique of shellfish aquaculture, especially relate to the breeding method of the purple hybridization in one sea (female parent is bay scallop and male parent is purple scallop) golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop kind.
Background technology
Bay scallop (Argopecten irradians irradians) originates in U.S., Atlantic bank, introduces China in nineteen eighty-two.Bay scallop fast growth, Acclimation temperature scope is wide, strong stress resistance, and be applicable to very much the cultivation in northern China marine site, current production rate and cultured area account for more than 50% of China's scallop culture.Purple scallop is the medium-sized scallop of a kind of fast-growing type originating in the South Pacific Ocean, all belong to Argopecten with bay scallop to belong to, chromosome number is identical, and be all hermaphroditism, but the two proterties in Individual Size, growth and thermal adaptability etc. is complementary, bay scallop ovum and purple scallop sperm are inseminated to carry out interspecific cross, has cultivated fast growth through continuous seed selection, individuality is large, temperature tolerance range is wide and the purple scallop hybrid in the sea of inheritance stability.
Research finds, in the purple scallop hybrid Breeding Process in sea, has quantitative proportion to be that the closed shell flesh of about 5% scallop is not common white but presents golden yellow.Research shows, the enrichment of carotenoid makes scallop closed shell flesh present flavous main cause.Carotenoid has multiple biologically active, and it has anti-oxidant, antifatigue, the anti-ageing effect of waiting for a long time, and also has antineoplastic effect; Playing an important role in biological growth, growth, breeding, is that the mankind can not self synthesis and need the essential vitamin that absorbs from food.Therefore, be rich in the nutritive value that carotenoid obviously can promote extra large purple scallop hybrid closed shell flesh, the golden yellow that closed shell flesh presents simultaneously also can cause the appetite of consumer, has economic worth.
Obviously the new varieties of the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop of high yield and high quality are cultivated specially to hermaphroditism type scallop interspecific and new technology is very important.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the cultivating method of new species of the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop of the purple hybridization in a kind of sea, to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention is based on following design: research finds that the ratio that golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop accounts for extra large purple scallop hybrid is about 5%, than occurring in other scallop kinds that the ratio of golden yellow closed shell flesh is much higher, therefore the scallop picking out golden yellow closed shell flesh from the purple scallop hybrid in sea is also relatively easy, operate also more convenient, advantage is provided to its popularization; In addition, research shows that this proterties of golden yellow of closed shell flesh can as the qualitative character of genetic stability, again because the bay scallop as female parent and the purple scallop as male parent are all hermaphroditism, therefore from hermaphroditic filial generation, select the individuality of golden yellow closed shell flesh to carry out continuous selfing, with rapid purification germline, more than continuous selfing five generation, the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of sea purple hybridization of genetic stability can be obtained.
The technical scheme that the present invention can adopt family to cultivate: first pick out excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, including at the beginning of 2 months in seedling rearing room 10 DEG C of water bodys, Micro Algae of throwing something and feeding every day carries out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity; The scallop selecting gonad maturity dries in the shade and carries out intensification and stimulates its ovum of acquisition and its sperm, utilizes ovum and sperm selfing to set up multiple family respectively.Phenotype according to each self-fertilization family (sff) selects superior hybrid crosses family, then selection traits defect individual from superior hybrid crosses family, and after accelerating, multiple self-fertilization family (sff) is set up in self-fertilization respectively; Second Year selects superior families again from above-mentioned self-fertilization family (sff), from superior families, then select defect individual to proceed selfing, selection further; So in the same way more than continuous selfing five generation, namely obtain genetic stability, be rich in the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of a large amount of carotenoid.
Equally, the present invention also can adopt the technical scheme that colony cultivates:
First from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, pick out excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop, including at the beginning of 2 months in seedling rearing room 10 DEG C of water bodys, Micro Algae of throwing something and feeding every day carries out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity; The scallop selecting gonad maturity dries in the shade and carries out intensification and stimulates its ovum of acquisition and its sperm, then utilize the sperm of the ovum of multiple scallop and multiple scallop to mix insemination and set up first filial generation colony, then the individuality that selection traits is excellent from inbreeding population, ejaculation of laying eggs separately after accelerating self-fertilization, be combined formation inbreeding population after incubating oosperm; Second Year selects defect individual to proceed selfing, selection again from above-mentioned inbreeding population; So in the same way more than continuous selfing five generation, namely obtain genetic stability, the individual golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties being rich in greatly a large amount of carotenoid.
The present invention is simple to operate, draw materials abundant, be more prone to purifying, time saving and energy saving, and be easy to be extended and applied, more easily cultivate inheritance stability and be rich in the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of a large amount of carotenoid, this kind is rich in a large amount of carotenoid and obviously promotes the nutritive value of scallop, and has economic worth.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present invention adopts family breeding method, and concrete operation step is as follows:
First carry out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity: from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, pick out excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop 100, including in seedling rearing room water body at the beginning of 2 months, storing up density is 100/m
3, from 10 DEG C, cultivate close shellfish.Every natural gift concentration of throwing something and feeding for 8 times is diatom and the flat algae of 3,000,000 cells/ml, throws something and feeds in the ratio mixing of 4:1, each 10L/m
3, change water 1/2nd every day, every 4 days fall a pond, use air pump continuous charge.Cultivate after 10 days sexual glands expand gradually at 10 DEG C and start to heat up, improve 0.5 DEG C every day, in time being raised to 18 DEG C, sexual gland is close to ripe, increases the feeding volume of bait gradually until scallop reaches sexual maturity, more balanced in the nutrition of throwing something and feeding of the ratio of 4:1 under above-mentioned food concentrations, growth rate is faster.
Then, by the scallop dry in the shade stimulation 40 minutes of the gonadal maturation of above-mentioned select, and single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker filling 23 DEG C of seawater, to stimulate its ejaculation of laying eggs, the smart ovum obtained is stirred, examining under a microscope around an ovum has 3-5 sperm to be advisable, the 100L white plastic bucket its fertilized egg being placed in being filled 23 DEG C of seawater is hatched, then carry out larvae cultivation, seed intermediate rearing and sea according to the conventional breeding method of bay scallop to form, purple hybridization golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop first filial generation, sea family can be obtained.Using the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop selected above as close shellfish according to more than above method continuous selfing five generation, until scallop closed shell flesh all presents golden yellow, namely obtain the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of sea purple hybridization of inheritance stability.
The temperature that the above-mentioned scallop to gonad maturity carries out intensification and stimulates is 23 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The method that the present invention adopts colony to cultivate, concrete operation step is as follows:
First carry out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity: the excellent scallop 100 picking out golden yellow closed shell flesh from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, including in seedling rearing room water body at the beginning of 2 months, storing up density is 100/m
3, from 10 DEG C, cultivate close shellfish.Every natural gift concentration of throwing something and feeding for 8 times is diatom and the flat algae of 3,000,000 cells/ml, throws something and feeds in the ratio mixing of 4:1, each 10L/m
3, change water 1/2nd every day, every 4 days fall a pond, use air pump continuous charge.Cultivate after 10 days sexual glands expand gradually at 10 DEG C and start to heat up, improve 0.5 DEG C every day, in time being raised to 18 DEG C, sexual gland is close to ripe, increases the feeding volume of bait gradually until scallop reaches sexual maturity.More balanced in the nutrition of throwing something and feeding of the ratio of 4:1 under above-mentioned food concentrations, growth rate is faster.
Then select the scallop dry in the shade stimulation 40 minutes of above-mentioned gonadal maturation, and single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker filling 23 DEG C of seawater, collect ovum and the sperm of scallop respectively.The seminal fluid collected is observed under the microscope immediately, if be mixed with ovum, discard, the ovum of collection is placed and examined under a microscope for 20 minutes later, if be fertilized growth, discards.The ovum from multiple scallop of acquisition and the sperm of multiple scallop are mixed into one piece inseminate, and stir, examining under a microscope around an ovum has 3-5 sperm to be advisable, 100L Plastic Drum fertilized egg being placed in being filled 23 DEG C of seawater is hatched, then carry out larvae cultivation, seed intermediate rearing and sea according to the conventional breeding method of bay scallop to form, namely obtain the sea golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop first filial generation colony of purple hybridization.The excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop selected above in kind continuously more than selfing five generation, until scallop closed shell flesh all presents golden yellow, is namely obtained the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of sea purple hybridization of inheritance stability as close shellfish.
The temperature that the above-mentioned scallop to gonad maturity carries out intensification and stimulates is 23 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Expand the experiment obtaining the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of the purple hybridization in sea in Laizhou at the beginning of 2014 2 months, the method of cultivating according to family is selected 100 golden yellow closed shell flesh scallops and is put into seedling rearing room and carry out cultivating to gonad maturity from the purple scallop hybrid in sea, obtain its smart ovum and carry out self-fertilization, 100L Plastic Drum fertilized egg being placed in being filled 23 DEG C of seawater is hatched, then conveniently bay scallop breeding method carries out larvae cultivation, seed intermediate rearing and sea are formed, obtain purple hybridization golden yellow closed shell flesh first filial generation, 17 seas family, each family about 600, achieving a large amount of closed shell flesh is golden yellow and the juvenile mollusk of normal development, according to same method, the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of the purple hybridization in sea can be obtained again through four generations and above cultivation.
Claims (7)
1. the breeding method of the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop of the purple hybridization in sea: first pick out excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, including at the beginning of 2 months in seedling rearing room 10 DEG C of water bodys, Micro Algae of throwing something and feeding every day carries out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity; The scallop selecting gonad maturity dries in the shade and carries out intensification and stimulates its ovum of acquisition and its sperm, ovum and sperm selfing is utilized to set up multiple family respectively, phenotype according to each self-fertilization family (sff) selects superior hybrid crosses family, then selection traits defect individual from superior hybrid crosses family, after accelerating, multiple self-fertilization family (sff) is set up in self-fertilization respectively; Second Year selects superior families again from above-mentioned self-fertilization family (sff), from superior families, then select defect individual to proceed selfing, selection further; So in the same way more than continuous selfing five generation, namely obtain genetic stability, be rich in the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of a large amount of carotenoid.
2. the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop family breeding method of the purple hybridization in sea, is characterized in that adopting the concrete operation step of family breeding method as follows:
First carry out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity: from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, pick out excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop 100, including in seedling rearing room water body at the beginning of 2 months, storing up density is 100/m
3, from 10 DEG C, cultivate close shellfish, every natural gift concentration of throwing something and feeding for 8 times is diatom and the flat algae of 3,000,000 cells/ml, throws something and feeds in the ratio mixing of 4:1, each 10L/m
3change water 1/2nd every day, every 4 days fall a pond, use air pump continuous charge, cultivate after 10 days sexual glands expand gradually at 10 DEG C and start to heat up, improve 0.5 DEG C every day, in time being raised to 18 DEG C, sexual gland is close to ripe, increase the feeding volume of bait gradually until scallop reaches sexual maturity, more balanced in the nutrition of throwing something and feeding of the ratio of 4:1 under above-mentioned food concentrations, growth rate is faster;
Then, by the scallop dry in the shade stimulation 40 minutes of the gonadal maturation of above-mentioned select, and single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker filling 23 DEG C of seawater, to stimulate its ejaculation of laying eggs, the smart ovum obtained is stirred, examining under a microscope around an ovum has 3-5 sperm to be advisable, the 100L white plastic bucket its fertilized egg being placed in being filled 23 DEG C of seawater is hatched, then cultivate according to bay scallop routine and carry out larvae cultivation, seed intermediate rearing and sea are formed, namely purple hybridization golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop first filial generation, sea family is obtained, using the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop selected above as close shellfish according to more than above method continuous selfing five generation, until scallop closed shell flesh all presents golden yellow, namely the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of sea purple hybridization of inheritance stability are obtained.
3. the breeding method of the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop of the purple hybridization in sea: first pick out excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, including at the beginning of 2 months in seedling rearing room 10 DEG C of water bodys, Micro Algae of throwing something and feeding every day carries out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity; The scallop selecting gonad maturity dries in the shade and carries out intensification and stimulates its ovum of acquisition and its sperm, then utilize the sperm of the ovum of multiple scallop and multiple scallop to mix insemination and set up first filial generation colony, then the individuality that selection traits is excellent from inbreeding population, ejaculation of laying eggs separately after accelerating self-fertilization, be combined formation inbreeding population after incubating oosperm; Second Year selects defect individual to proceed selfing, selection again from above-mentioned inbreeding population; So in the same way more than continuous selfing five generation, namely obtain genetic stability, the individual golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties being rich in greatly a large amount of carotenoid.
4. colony's breeding method of the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop of the purple hybridization in sea, is characterized in that the concrete operation step of the method adopting colony to cultivate is as follows:
First carry out the cultivation of close shellfish to gonad maturity: the excellent scallop 100 picking out golden yellow closed shell flesh from Hai Zi scallop hybrid colony, including in seedling rearing room water body at the beginning of 2 months, storing up density is 100/m
3, from 10 DEG C, cultivate close shellfish, every natural gift concentration of throwing something and feeding for 8 times is diatom and the flat algae of 3,000,000 cells/ml, throws something and feeds in the ratio mixing of 4:1, each 10L/m
3change water 1/2nd every day, every 4 days fall a pond, use air pump continuous charge, cultivate after 10 days sexual glands expand gradually at 10 DEG C and start to heat up, improve 0.5 DEG C every day, in time being raised to 18 DEG C, sexual gland is close to ripe, increase the feeding volume of bait gradually until scallop reaches sexual maturity, more balanced in the nutrition of throwing something and feeding of the ratio of 4:1 under above-mentioned food concentrations;
Then the scallop dry in the shade stimulation 40 minutes of above-mentioned gonadal maturation is selected, and single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker filling 23 DEG C of seawater, collect ovum and the sperm of scallop respectively, the seminal fluid collected is observed under the microscope immediately, if be mixed with ovum, discard, the ovum collected is placed and is examined under a microscope for 20 minutes later, if be fertilized growth, discard, the ovum from multiple scallop of acquisition and the sperm of multiple scallop are mixed into one piece inseminate, and stir, examining under a microscope around an ovum has 3-5 sperm to be advisable, 100L Plastic Drum fertilized egg being placed in being filled 23 DEG C of seawater is hatched, then cultivate according to bay scallop routine and carry out larvae cultivation, seed intermediate rearing and sea are formed, namely the sea golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop first filial generation colony of purple hybridization is obtained, using the excellent golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop selected above as close shellfish in kind continuously more than selfing five generation, until scallop closed shell flesh all presents golden yellow, namely the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop new varieties of sea purple hybridization of inheritance stability are obtained.
5. the breeding method of the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop as described in claim 1 and 3, is characterized in that above-mentioned Micro Algae is diatom and flat algae.
6. the breeding method of golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that the ratio of diatom in above-mentioned Micro Algae and flat algae is 4:1.
7. the breeding method of the golden yellow closed shell flesh scallop as described in claim 1 and 3, is characterized in that the temperature of the scallop of above-mentioned gonad maturity being carried out to intensification stimulation is 23 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
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CN105900874A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 广东海洋大学 | Cultivating method of new breeding strain of pinctada martensii with high carotenoid content |
CN106550912A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of selection of golden yellow closed shell flesh bay scallop new lines |
CN117327809A (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-01-02 | 中国海洋大学 | Bay scallop accumulated carotenoid related molecular marker and application thereof |
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李明云: "《水产经济动物增养殖学》", 31 August 2011 * |
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CN105900874B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-08-31 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of breeding method of the pteria martensii that carotenoid content is high cultivation new lines |
CN106550912A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of selection of golden yellow closed shell flesh bay scallop new lines |
CN106550912B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-09-24 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of selection of golden yellow adductor muscle bay scallop new lines |
CN117327809A (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-01-02 | 中国海洋大学 | Bay scallop accumulated carotenoid related molecular marker and application thereof |
CN117327809B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Bay scallop accumulated carotenoid related molecular marker and application thereof |
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