Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the artificial breeding method of Duo Lin Xi, solve wild Duo Lin Xi parent population reinforced cultivating, impel its natural spawning, incubating oosperm and artificial breeding technique young, postlarva, thus create conditions for the large-scale farming of Duo Lin Xi.
In order to address the above problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
An artificial breeding method of Duo Lin Xi, comprises the steps:
(1) Duo Lin Xi adult fish more than selection 100g, as parent population, carries out prenatal nutrition strengthening and parent population environment conditioning to it, impels its natural spawning, obtains fertilized egg;
Describedly Duo Lin Xi parent population is carried out to fortification refer to: take chilled squid meat, oyster meat, clam worm is bait, adds the V that accounts for bait weight 4 ‰~5 ‰
cwith 2 ‰ V
e, day throws something and feeds 2 times; Described parent population environment conditioning refers to: intensity of illumination 50~700Lux, and light application time is the natural lighting time, 26~32 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 26~33, pH value 8.0~8.5, a day quantity of exchanged water is 2 full doses;
(2) artificial regulatory incubating oosperm;
Described artificial regulatory incubating oosperm refers to: 28~32 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, and salinity 28~31, pH value 8.0~8.5, more than DO5mg/L, total ammonia nitrogen [NH
4+]≤0.1mg/L, removes heavy ovum in time between the incubation period, rate of water exchange is 200%~300%;
(3) artificial regulatory son, postlarva are cultivated;
Described artificial regulatory is young, postlarva is cultivated and refers to: 27~33 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 26~33, pH value 8.0~8.5, intensity of illumination 600~1000Lux; Aeration quantity is by 30L/m per hour
3aeration quantity be increased to gradually 60L/m
3, quantity of exchanged water is increased to 200% gradually by the quantity of exchanged water of initial every day 10%; After prelarva hatching, 3d adds chlorella in cultivating water body, makes chlorella concentration reach 3 * 10
5individual/ml~5 * 10
5individual/ml, until stop the wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding; Within the 10th day, start every day or every other day morning soil pick-up once, absorb dirt at the bottom of pond, residual bait, after the manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding every day sooner or later each soil pick-up once, to keep the water cleaning of growing seedlings;
(4) fortification of opening and seedling fostering phase series bait and throwing something and feeding;
The fortification of described opening and seedling fostering phase series bait and throwing something and feeding refers to: prelarva hatches the 2nd day initial feeding afterwards, and throw something and feed 3~5/ml of protozoa and 2~3/ml to 6 of S type wheel animalcule age in days finish; 5~15 ages in days throw something and feed 2~3/ml of medium-sized wheel animalcule and 0.2~0.5/ml of copepoda nauplius; 10~20 ages in days, 0.5~1/ml of artemia nauplii that throws something and feeds; 15~30 ages in days, 0.2~0.5/ml of copepoda adult that throws something and feeds; 25 ages in days start the artifical compound feed of throwing something and feeding; Biological feed is thrown something and fed 2 times every day, and manufactured feed is thrown something and fed 4~6 times every day, and wheel animalcule adds emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h with high concentration chlorella, and artemia nauplii is separately with emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h.
The present invention is by solving wild Duo Lin Xi parent population reinforced cultivating, impelling its natural spawning, artificial regulatory incubating oosperm and artificial breeding technique young, postlarva, thus create conditions for the large-scale farming of Duo Lin Xi.The present invention is that seawater fish artificial increasing cultivation has increased new varieties, and the industrialized development of the recovery of Duo Lin Xi natural resources, Duo Lin Xi has been played to extremely important effect.
embodiment
Below by example, the present invention is described in further details, these examples are only used for illustrating the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
One, method
1, parent population catches and tames
3~April in 2012 fishes for from Naozhou island marine site.While fishing for, should adopt Fixed nets device, collect in time, transportation, avoids injury in time.After transporting indoor disinfection back, put into domestication pool, take simulated ecological and living bait abductive approach (noting the conditions such as peace and quiet, light, the depth of water, water temperature, flowing water, suitable living bait) to tame, the living bait until can actively ingest, body colour is normal, after wound healing, side's meaning has been tamed.To May select 98 tails healthy, without wound, body surface is complete, vigor is good body weight, be that more than 100g individuality is as parent population.
2, tank interior parent population reinforced cultivating
Bait be take new scallop meat, clam worm, shrimp etc. as main, in bait, add hardening agent (composition is multivitamin, fish oil etc.) simultaneously, impel female, male parent population further ripe, daily ration of feeding is 5%~8% of fish body weight, and the bait throwing in time is in 8: 00 mornings left and right and 17:00 in afternoon left and right; Control 28~31 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 26~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, DO value 5.0~7.0mg/L, day quantity of exchanged water 100%~200%, the low light level, inflation.
3, adopt ovum, hatching
The naturally fertilized egg originating in pond is collected with 80 mesh sieve tulle case spilling waters.The fertilized egg of collecting is placed on inflation hatching in 0.5t cone end black glass steel water tank through repeatedly washing ovum, remove the bad ovum sinking to the bottom with impurity, 28~32 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, and salinity 28~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, more than DO5mg/L, total ammonia nitrogen [NH
4+]≤0.1 mg/L, removes heavy ovum, embryo's incubation of membrane after 14~16h in time between the incubation period.Prelarva is stopped the supple of gas or steam after hatching, and opens bottom valve eliminating and falls to the dirt of cone bottom and thoroughly change water, then prelarva is with water to move in nursery pond and is cultivated.
4, indoor culture seedling
(1) tolerance and light regulation and control: every 2m in nursery pond
2the oxygenation of 1 gas stone of cloth, each developmental stage of aeration quantity is different, and faint inflation alevin stage, later along with fry grows up, increases tolerance gradually.Direct sunlight is avoided in nursery pond top, keeps sufficient diffused light, intensity of illumination 600~1000Lux.
(2) regulating and controlling water quality: 27~31 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 24~29, dissolved oxygen 5.2~7.4 mg/L.When nursery pond starts, first add 1m deep-sea water, fill it up with after adding the fresh seawater 5d that 10cm is dark rear every day, start to change water later, once a day, quantity of exchanged water increases to 2/5 gradually from 1/10, to postlarva phase quantity of exchanged water be 4/5.The quantity of exchanged water after manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding reaches 200%, changes at twice water every day.Within the 10th day, start to absorb morning dirt at the bottom of pond, residual bait, the young postlarva phase as the case may be every other day or a couple of days soil pick-up once.After young stage is thrown something and fed manufactured feed every day soil pick-up secondary.In addition, after prelarva hatching, 3d adds chlorella in cultivating water body, makes chlorella concentration reach 3 * 10
5individual/ml~5 * 10
5individual/ml, until stop the wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding.
(3) selection of bait series: under the condition of 29 ℃ of left and right of water temperature, the 2nd day initial feeding after prelarva hatches.Requirement according to young postlarva different developmental phases to food nutrition and palatability, adopts different food species to coordinate intersection to throw something and feed.During due to Duo Lin Xi prelarva opening, bore is little, and Burden-Swimming Ability of KM is poor, and we adopt and are applicable to the small-sized wheel animalcule of its bore and protozoa as its open-mouthed bait, throws something and feeds continuously to after hatching about the 6th day.Threw something and fed since the 5th day medium-sized wheel animalcule and copepoda nauplius to 15 age in days finishes, 10~20 ages in days artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding, and 15~30 ages in days copepoda adult of throwing something and feeding, 25 ages in days start the artifical compound feed of throwing something and feeding.Every day, biological feed was thrown something and fed 2 times, and manufactured feed is thrown something and fed 4~6 times.More than wheel animalcule adds emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h with high concentration chlorella, artemia nauplii is separately with more than emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h.
(4) bait feeding amount: the day feeding volume of various bait is taken the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease depending on son, young, the density of juvenile fish and the situation of ingesting.Generally, protozoa 3~5/ml of density in cultivating pond; 2~3/ml of wheel animalcule; 0.5~1/ml of artemia nauplii; 0.2~0.5/ml of copepoda; Manufactured feed is thrown something and fed 4~6 times every day, and the size of its particle changes larger particle into gradually with the bore increase of fish.
Two, result
1, Gunther parent fish spawning and incubating oosperm
Parent population is from total egg laying amount 67 * 10 on 27 ~ June 27 May
4grain, average fertilization rate 74.3%, average incubation rate 81.8%.
2, young postlarva and juvenile fish are cultivated
June 19 collected 6.7 * 10
4grain ovum, June 27 collected 8.1 * 10
4grain ovum, two batches of prelarvas are gone through cultivation in 35 days, cultivate altogether the fry 2.8 * 10 of average length 3.5cm
4tail, survival rate of seedling 24.5%.
Embodiment 2
One, method
1, parent population catches and tames
3~April in 2012 fishes for from Naozhou island marine site.While fishing for, should adopt Fixed nets device, collect in time, transportation, avoids injury in time.After transporting indoor disinfection back, enter domestication pool, take simulated ecological and living bait abductive approach (noting the conditions such as peace and quiet, light, the depth of water, water temperature, flowing water, suitable living bait) to tame, the living bait until can actively ingest, body colour is normal, after wound healing, side's meaning has been tamed.To May select 98 tails healthy, without wound, body surface is complete, vigor is good body weight, be that more than 100g individuality is as parent population.
2, tank interior parent population reinforced cultivating
Bait be take new scallop meat, clam worm, shrimp etc. as main, in bait, add hardening agent (composition is multivitamin, fish oil etc.) simultaneously, impel female, male parent population further ripe, daily ration of feeding is 5%~8% of fish body weight, and the bait throwing in time is in 8: 00 mornings left and right and 17:00 in afternoon left and right; Control 28~31 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 26~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, DO value 5.0~7.0mg/L, day quantity of exchanged water 100%~200%, the low light level, inflation.
3, adopt ovum, hatching
The naturally fertilized egg originating in pond is collected with 80 mesh sieve tulle case spilling waters.The fertilized egg of collecting is placed on inflation hatching in 0.5t cone end black glass steel water tank through repeatedly washing ovum, remove the bad ovum sinking to the bottom with impurity, 29~32 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, and salinity 27~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, more than DO5mg/L, total ammonia nitrogen [NH
4+]≤0.1 mg/L, removes heavy ovum, embryo's incubation of membrane after 14~16h in time between the incubation period.Prelarva is stopped the supple of gas or steam after hatching, and opens bottom valve eliminating and falls to the dirt of cone bottom and thoroughly change water, then prelarva is with water to move in nursery pond and is cultivated.
4, indoor culture seedling
(1) tolerance and light regulation and control: every 2m in nursery pond
2the oxygenation of 1 gas stone of cloth, each developmental stage of aeration quantity is different, and faint inflation alevin stage, later along with fry grows up, increases tolerance gradually.Direct sunlight is avoided in nursery pond top, keeps sufficient diffused light, intensity of illumination 600~1000Lux.
(2) regulating and controlling water quality: 27.5~31.7 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 23~28, dissolved oxygen 5.0~7.5 mg/L.When nursery pond starts, first add 1m deep-sea water, fill it up with after adding the fresh seawater 5d that 10cm is dark rear every day, start to change water later, once a day, quantity of exchanged water increases to 2/5 gradually from 1/10, to postlarva phase quantity of exchanged water be 4/5.The quantity of exchanged water after manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding reaches 200%, changes at twice water every day.Within the 10th day, start to absorb morning dirt at the bottom of pond, residual bait, the young postlarva phase as the case may be every other day or a couple of days soil pick-up once.After young stage is thrown something and fed manufactured feed every day soil pick-up secondary.In addition, after prelarva hatching, 3d adds chlorella in cultivating water body, makes chlorella concentration reach 3 * 10
5individual/ml~5 * 10
5individual/ml, until stop the wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding.
(3) selection of bait series: under the condition of 29 ℃ of left and right of water temperature, the 2nd day initial feeding after prelarva hatches.Requirement according to young postlarva different developmental phases to food nutrition and palatability, adopts different food species to coordinate intersection to throw something and feed.During due to Duo Lin Xi prelarva opening, bore is little, and Burden-Swimming Ability of KM is poor, and we adopt and are applicable to the small-sized wheel animalcule of its bore and protozoa as its open-mouthed bait, throws something and feeds continuously to after hatching about the 6th day.Threw something and fed since the 5th day medium-sized wheel animalcule and copepoda nauplius to 15 age in days finishes, 10~20 ages in days artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding, and 15~30 ages in days copepoda adult of throwing something and feeding, 25 ages in days start the artifical compound feed of throwing something and feeding.Every day, biological feed was thrown something and fed 2 times, and manufactured feed is thrown something and fed 4~6 times.More than wheel animalcule adds emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h with high concentration chlorella, artemia nauplii is separately with more than emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h.
(4) bait feeding amount: the day feeding volume of various bait is taken the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease depending on son, young, the density of juvenile fish and the situation of ingesting.Generally, protozoa 3~5/ml of density in cultivating pond; 2~3/ml of wheel animalcule; 0.5~1/ml of artemia nauplii; 0.2~0.5/ml of copepoda; Manufactured feed is thrown something and fed 4~6 times every day, and the size of its particle changes larger particle into gradually with the bore increase of fish.
Two, result
1, Gunther parent fish spawning and incubating oosperm
Parent population egg laying amount 10.2 * 10 on June 30
4grain, fertilization rate 89.5%, average incubation rate 97.2%.
2, young postlarva and juvenile fish are cultivated
This batch of prelarva gone through cultivation in 30 days, cultivates altogether the fry 2.3 * 10 of average length 3.0cm
4tail, survival rate of seedling 25.8%.
Embodiment 3
One, method
1, parent population catches and tames
3~April in 2012 fishes for from Naozhou island marine site.While fishing for, should adopt Fixed nets device, collect in time, transportation, avoids injury in time.After transporting indoor disinfection back, enter domestication pool, take simulated ecological and living bait abductive approach (noting the conditions such as peace and quiet, light, the depth of water, water temperature, flowing water, suitable living bait) to tame, the living bait until can actively ingest, body colour is normal, after wound healing, side's meaning has been tamed.To May select 98 tails healthy, without wound, body surface is complete, vigor is good body weight, be that more than 100g individuality is as parent population.
2, tank interior parent population reinforced cultivating
Bait be take new scallop meat, clam worm, shrimp etc. as main, in bait, add hardening agent (composition is multivitamin, fish oil etc.) simultaneously, impel female, male parent population further ripe, daily ration of feeding is 5%~8% of fish body weight, and the bait throwing in time is in 8: 00 mornings left and right and 17:00 in afternoon left and right; Control 28~31 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 26~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, DO value 5.0~7.0mg/L, day quantity of exchanged water 100%~200%, the low light level, inflation.
3, adopt ovum, hatching
The naturally fertilized egg originating in pond is collected with 80 mesh sieve tulle case spilling waters.The fertilized egg of collecting is placed on inflation hatching in 0.5t cone end black glass steel water tank through repeatedly washing ovum, remove the bad ovum sinking to the bottom with impurity, 29~32 ℃ of hatching water temperatures, and salinity 27~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, more than DO5mg/L, total ammonia nitrogen [NH
4+]≤0.1 mg/L, removes heavy ovum, embryo's incubation of membrane after 14~16h in time between the incubation period.Prelarva is stopped the supple of gas or steam after hatching, and opens bottom valve eliminating and falls to the dirt of cone bottom and thoroughly change water, then prelarva is with water to move in nursery pond and is cultivated.
4, indoor culture seedling
(1) tolerance and light regulation and control: every 2m in nursery pond
2the oxygenation of 1 gas stone of cloth, each developmental stage of aeration quantity is different, and faint inflation alevin stage, later along with fry grows up, increases tolerance gradually.Direct sunlight is avoided in nursery pond top, keeps sufficient diffused light, intensity of illumination 600~1000Lux.
(2) regulating and controlling water quality: 27.0~31.7 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 23~32, dissolved oxygen 5.2~7.5mg/L.When nursery pond starts, first add 1m deep-sea water, fill it up with after adding the fresh seawater 5d that 10cm is dark rear every day, start to change water later, once a day, quantity of exchanged water increases to 2/5 gradually from 1/10, to postlarva phase quantity of exchanged water be 4/5.The quantity of exchanged water after manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding reaches 200%, changes at twice water every day.Within the 10th day, start to absorb morning dirt at the bottom of pond, residual bait, the young postlarva phase as the case may be every other day or a couple of days soil pick-up once.After young stage is thrown something and fed manufactured feed every day soil pick-up secondary.In addition, after prelarva hatching, 3d adds chlorella in cultivating water body, makes chlorella concentration reach 3 * 10
5individual/ml~5 * 10
5individual/ml, until stop the wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding.
(3) selection of bait series: under the condition of 29 ℃ of left and right of water temperature, the 2nd day initial feeding after prelarva hatches.Requirement according to young postlarva different developmental phases to food nutrition and palatability, adopts different food species to coordinate intersection to throw something and feed.During due to Duo Lin Xi prelarva opening, bore is little, and Burden-Swimming Ability of KM is poor, and we adopt and are applicable to the small-sized wheel animalcule of its bore and protozoa as its open-mouthed bait, throws something and feeds continuously to after hatching about the 6th day.Threw something and fed since the 5th day medium-sized wheel animalcule and copepoda nauplius to 15 age in days finishes, 10~20 ages in days artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding, and 15~30 ages in days copepoda adult of throwing something and feeding, 25 ages in days start the artifical compound feed of throwing something and feeding.Every day, biological feed was thrown something and fed 2 times, and manufactured feed is thrown something and fed 4~6 times.More than wheel animalcule adds emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h with high concentration chlorella, artemia nauplii is separately with more than emulsification cod-liver oil strengthening 8h.
(4) bait feeding amount: the day feeding volume of various bait is taken the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease depending on son, young, the density of juvenile fish and the situation of ingesting.Generally, protozoa 3~5/ml of density in cultivating pond; 2~3/ml of wheel animalcule; 0.5~1/ml of artemia nauplii; 0.2~0.5/ml of copepoda; Manufactured feed is thrown something and fed 4~6 times every day, and the size of its particle changes larger particle into gradually with the bore increase of fish.
Two, result
1, Gunther parent fish spawning and incubating oosperm
Parent population total egg laying amount 6.2 * 10 on July 5
4grain, average fertilization rate 82.8%, average incubation rate 83.2%.
2, young postlarva and juvenile fish are cultivated
This batch of prelarva gone through cultivation in 94 days, cultivates altogether the Duo Lin Xi 1.0 * 10 of total length 3.5 ~ 7.5cm
4tail, survival rate 23.3%.