CN104472412A - Coilia ectenes step type breeding method - Google Patents
Coilia ectenes step type breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104472412A CN104472412A CN201510010926.3A CN201510010926A CN104472412A CN 104472412 A CN104472412 A CN 104472412A CN 201510010926 A CN201510010926 A CN 201510010926A CN 104472412 A CN104472412 A CN 104472412A
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- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000851180 Palaemon carinicauda Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108700012941 GNRH1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000579 Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A coilia ectenes step type breeding method comprises the nine steps of reserved parent pool simulated ecological cultivation, parent pool intensive culture, parent selection for induced spawning, parent induced spawning, natural insemination, germ cell collection, germ cell incubation, indoor intensive fry rearing in a cement pool and large-scale fry culture in an outdoor pool. The method is characterized in that filial-generation coilia ectenes adult fishes which are more than 2 years old and cultured by manpower are used as reserved parents for artificial propagation, and a natural ecology cultivation mode is simulated; the selected parents are transported and placed in an induced spawning pool, after parent induced spawning is conducted, the germ cells are collected, counted and transferred to an incubation pool, after the germ cells are collected, the germ cells are placed in the incubation pool with water, fries open the mouths 5-6 days after membrane rupture is conducted, yolks and freshwater rotifers which are filtered through a 80-mesh silk net are fed to the fries, after the fries are cultivated for 15 days, the fries are divided to different pools, and when the fries are as long as 20-30 mm, the fries are placed to outdoor pools to be cultivated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture, especially a kind of cutter long-tailed anchovy mating system.
Background technology
Cutter long-tailed anchovy (
coilia nasusschlegel), have another name called long jaw long-tailed anchovy, be commonly called as hairtail, rough cutter fish, be sea, river migration fishes, be mainly distributed in the yellow Bohai Sea of China and the East Sea one band, all maritime rivers all have distribution, the highest with THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY output.Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River is strong and famous with fine and tender taste, fresh fertilizer, seasonal, and with the Changjiang river hilsa herring, filefish claiming " the Changjiang river three delicacies ", in history, Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River resource is extremely abundant.In recent years, due to the impact of the factors such as overfishing and the deterioration of the ecological environment, cutter long-tailed anchovy resource sharply fails, and output is downward trend year by year and individual miniaturization is serious, cutter long-tailed anchovy can not form dominant population in the Changjiang river, and the price of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River marketable fish is also in continuous rising simultaneously.Cutter long-tailed anchovy artificial breeding supports breakthrough and the popularization of technology, and then advances the industrialization breeding production of this fish, can promote the adjustment of fishery constitution, impel fishery synergy, fisherman's increased income.Therefore, cutter long-tailed anchovy has good development prospect as propagating new varieties artificially.
At present, the mode of reproduction of cutter long-tailed anchovy mainly contains two kinds: one is pond ecological mating system, namely after clean up the pond and sterilize in employing pond, put into appropriate parent at reproduction age, allow its natural mating, lay eggs, hatching, seed rearing is also in this pond, carry out pond ecological cultivation, change water in right amount, manual intervention is considerably less, certain specification is arrived to fry, draw in the net to estimate number, the method advantage is simple to operate, the operation that substantially need not become more meticulous, people accept soon, do not need the training of the system that accepts, but the method seed rearing survival rate is very low, completely by natural breed, specific yield is considerably less, sometimes the fry that all do not survive of some pond, so the overall seed quantity obtained is also less, another kind is the intensive mating system of indoor water mud sump, namely at indoor water mud sump artificial induced spawning, fertilized egg indoors artificial is hatched, seed indoor water mud sump is cultivated, the method advantage is that artificial breeding carries out completely under manual control condition, seed rearing survival rate is higher, the seed of batch can be obtained, but the method is in the seed rearing middle and later periods, because fry individuality is grown up, food ration increases, at this moment a large amount of living baits is needed, need a large amount of artificial living bait is fished for from pond after put into indoor water mud sump, the breeding density of large gauge fry in cement pit will significantly reduce simultaneously, a large amount of indoor water mud sumps can be taken like this, also need a large amount of manually to do loaded down with trivial details feeding intake simultaneously, inhale the end, change water, turn over the loaded down with trivial details nursery such as pond to operate.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that cutter long-tailed anchovy staged is bred, to adapt to, the scale of cutter long-tailed anchovy is intensive breeds production.
Technical scheme of the present invention is cultivated by standby parent pond Ecology, parent pond reinforced cultivating, hasten parturition and to select with parent, parent hastens parturition, natural insemination, fertilized egg is collected, incubating oosperm, the intensive seed rearing of indoor water mud sump, outdoor ponds large size seedling seed cultivates 9 production stage compositions, it is characterized in that artificial breeding to support 2 age above filial generation cutter long-tailed anchovy adult fish as the standby parent of artificial propagation, the cultivation of the outer pool is carried out in the 5-10 month of the annual Gregorian calendar, parent adopts simulating nature biological breeding pattern: put front pond in a suitable place to breed and carry out thorough disinfection, with the water sterilization of 20ppm bleaching powder band, after 2 days, take out Tang Dishui, pool sterilization is done again with the quicklime of 300 pounds/acre, water inlet after being exposed to the sun one week, water inlet adopts double deck screen tulle bag filtration, nexine 80 orders, outer with 60 mesh sieve tulles, after intaking one week, water colour yellowish green, transparency 20-30cm, just can put Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River standby parent in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is 200 tails/mu, throw in 3Kg small dimension Exopalaemon carinicauda for every mu, inoculation oppossum shrimp, bait throwing in every day 1 time, bait is shrimp pellet, throws something and feeds to ingest to Exopalaemon carinicauda, monthly changes water once, adopts local river mouth brackish water, salinity 5-8, carry out drawing in the net to move pond to the Gregorian calendar 11-12 month, timely removing wild fishes and harmful organisms, move front pond, pond and carry out thorough disinfection, method puts front pond disinfection in a suitable place to breed with parent, breeding density is 50-100 tail/mu, now pond water, salinity 10-15, in pond, small dimension Exopalaemon carinicauda injected volume brings up to every 667m
2throw in 6 Kg, change water and bait and feeding method and cultivate with standby parent pond Ecology, to Gregorian calendar 2-3 month next year, pond Nei Shui changes fresh water into gradually, to the Gregorian calendar 3-5 month, regularly carry out drawing in the net to take exercise, generally will take exercise 2-3 time, to Gregorian calendar early or mid May, when pond water temperature reaches 20 ~ 25 DEG C, parent raun belly expands successively, now can select and hastening parturition with parent, selecting parent's standard: raun postabdomen expands and soft, and cloacal aperture is micro-red, milter, light pressure cloacal aperture has a small amount of seminal fluid to flow out, and chance water does not fall apart, the parent of select adopts drum to transport and puts into spawning inducing pool, drum volume 100L, put 5-10 tail parent for every barrel, whole selecting wants soft not dried up with operation in transportation, spawning inducing pool adopts 10 ~ 20m
2cement pit, depth of water 1.1-1.2m, parent's breeding density of hastening parturition is 1 ~ 2 tail/m
2, continuous micro-inflation, shading regulation and control illumination is below 500Lux, parent population sex ration of hastening parturition is 2/3 ~ 3/4, and water temperature of hastening parturition is 22 ~ 24 DEG C, oxytocic hormone is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A
2,i.e. LHRH-A
2, hormone is dissolved in the physiological saline of 0.9%, now with the current, to hasten parturition dosage: raun 20-30ug/Kg, milter reduces by half, and hastens parturition with the every tail 0.5-2.0ml of saline volume, after parent hastens parturition, keep quiet around spawning inducing pool, adopt natural insemination mode, Effect time is generally 18 ~ 35 hours, keeps water temperature 22 ~ 24 DEG C, sends special messenger to observe parent's mating to determine egg-laying time, during mating, milter chases raun, and part fish can skim over from the water surface, after this can find there is ovum in pond, lay eggs in latter 24 hours, fertilized egg to be collected in time, otherwise fertilized egg meeting rupture of membranes, when collecting fertilized egg, spawning inducing pool is stopped the supple of gas or steam 10-20 minute, allow fertilized egg bubbling through the water column, draw in the net with the soft bolting silk net of 80 order, when drawing in the net, end off the net leaves 30-40cm at the bottom of pond, cutter relieving long-tailed anchovy parent escapes from net smoothly, cutter long-tailed anchovy egg membrane is very thin, fertilized egg can not dried uply extrude, draw in the net hauling time water will be with to operate, after drawing in the net at every turn, pause 3-5 minute, the ovum stirred is allowed again to float to the water surface, and then draw in the net, draw in the net after 3-5 time, hatchery is transferred to after being counted by ovum collecting, general each spawning inducing pool can obtain 5-20 ten thousand fertilized egg, fertilized egg adopts temperature control, hydrostatic, inflation hatching, and Spawning water is the fresh water with 200 order silk cover filterings, prevents medium-sized copepoda, cladocera enters water body, and fertilized egg is just with water to put into 10-20m after collecting
3seed rearing pond, using seed rearing pond as hatchery, hatching density is 5000-10000 grain/m
3, inflation hatching in 24 hours, gas exhausting stone density is 1.0-1.5/m
2, water temperature controls at 23 ~ 24 DEG C, gets final product rupture of membranes through 28 ~ 40 hours hatching fries, adopt hydrostatic blowing aeration indoor water mud sump to cultivate, water for larval nursing behind pond and cistern two-stage precipitation with 150 object silk cover filterings, gas exhausting stone 0.5-1.2/m in seed rearing pond
2, aeration quantity is wavy, and water temperature controls at 23 ~ 26 DEG C, adopt low water level cloth seedling, first inject 2/3 Chi Shui, then add water every day, fill it up with after 3 days, following every day changes water 1/4, within after cloth seedling the 6th day, rises, wants the soil pick-up clear end every day once, changing water quantity of exchanged water is every other day 50%, and within after cloth seedling the 15th day, rise, changing water quantity of exchanged water is every other day 60 ~ 70%, fry opening after 5 ~ 6 days after rupture of membranes, throws something and feeds and filters through 80 mesh sieve tulles the yolk and small-sized freshwater rotifer that obtain, wheel animalcule density is 3 ~ 5/mL, morning and afternoon respectively throws once, cultivate the feeding volume supplementing medium-sized wheel animalcule for 10 days afterwards and increase its palatability, cultivate after 20 days, now fry total length 20mm, its ability of initiatively ingesting is stronger, therefore bait mainly throw something and feed large-scale wheel animalcule, medium-sized cladocera and copepoda the young, zooplankton is fished for after rear use 40 object bolting silk filters and throws something and feeds, and morning and afternoon respectively throws once, supplements simultaneously and throws something and feeds artemia nauplii to increase the nutrition of bait, cultivate after 15 days, start a point pond, pond is turned in former pond simultaneously, and behind point pond, density is 1000-2000 tail/m
3, then often within 7-10 days, turn over pond 1 time, point pond with turn over the soft bolting silk net of pond 60 order and draw in the net, process of drawing in the net wants slow, and seed adopts band water to operate, and avoids unnecessary damage, large gauge fry in cement pit, after general fry rearing 25-35 days, when fry total length reaches 20-30mm, now fry mobility strengthens, and initiatively prey ability is strong, and this fry can put into pond, outside seed rearing, select Hekou Area Tu Chi smooth at the bottom of pond, pond is good with the dark 2m in pond, water level 1.5m, area 3-5 mu, each pond is equipped with the aerator of a 1.5kw, the double-deck 60 mesh sieve tulle bag filtrations of water inlet muzzle, discharge outlet 60 order lock nets, until pond disinfection after 2 days, intake to flooding at the bottom of pond and soak, soak thoroughly to drain after 48 hours tan by the sun stand-by, according to putting the seedling time, water inlet in 5-10 days in advance, water inlet adopts local natural fresh water, first to intake 50cm, then according to water colour situation with diet biomass progressively adds water until water level reaches 1-1.5m, fair weather aerator at noon start 1h during sending out the pool, then do not open in the evening substantially, general when water temperature 25-30 DEG C, after 3-5 days, water colour thickens, at this moment just there will be a small amount of wheel animalcule in water body, the food organisms such as small-sized cladocera and copepod larva, if quantity is few, inoculate by fishing in the more rich pond of other food organisms, after 3-5 days, food density is detected with beaker multidraw in pond, seedling can be put Deng reaching 20-40/L to diet biomass in pond, select the morning of fair weather, put seedling, under fry before the pool at the weather in pond, open aerator to be in advance evenly distributed to make the not stratified and food organisms of Chi Shui, adopt the large drum of 100 liters, discharge water 30 liters of shading transports, puts 200-300 tail for every barrel, put Miao Shixian bucket is toppled over, allow the water in pond be introduced in bucket, allow fry adapt to, after 2-3 minute, releasing fry, breeding density is generally 4000-6000 tail/mu, after putting seedling, aerator fine day to be started shooting 1h noon, and start shooting evening 8-12h, and bad weather then increases the available machine time, change water 1/3 every two weeks, every 3-5 days detection pond food organisms density 1 time, if find, food organisms density is lower than 1/L, will drag for and supplement in time into biological feed from external source pond, pond rearing 15-20 days, the average size of fry is at the long 6.0-6.5cm of body, and body weight is at 1.00-1.05g, and now each fin ray and scale etc. of fry have been grown complete all, enter into the juvenile fish stage, fry can be put into pond and carried out conventional cultivation or sell as summer flower fingerling.
The present invention relative to the outstanding feature of prior art is: 1) improve two kinds of cutter long-tailed anchovy mating systems, highlight the advantage of two kinds of methods, solve going wrong of two kinds of methods, greatly create the overall survival rate improving seed rearing, decrease the time (about 35 days) of indoor water mud sump intensive cultivation seed, improve the turnover rate of indoor water mud sump, improve indoor culture and go out pond specification (the long 6.0-6.5cm of body), decrease the operation that indoor culture is loaded down with trivial details, drastically increase survival rate (85-95%) and the specific yield (4000-5500 tail/mu) of pond rearing cutter long-tailed anchovy, method is easy and simple to handle, practical, is applicable to cutter long-tailed anchovy propagation in scale and produces, and be easy to be accepted and promote, 2) solve the intensive mating system of indoor water mud sump and cultivate cutter tapertail anchovy seedling, later stage biological feed is short, artificial, the indoor seed rearing time in a large number that consumes grows (50-75 days), go out the problem of pond specification little (the long 4-5cm of body), 3) problem that pond ecological mating system cultivates weed survival rate low (0-10%), specific yield considerably less (1000-2000 tail/mu) is solved.
Embodiment
Production technology of the present invention comprises the steps:
1, standby parent pond Ecology is cultivated: artificial breeding is supported 2 age above filial generation cutter long-tailed anchovy adult fish as the standby parent of artificial propagation, the cultivation of the outer pool is carried out in the 5-10 month of the annual Gregorian calendar, parent adopts simulating nature biological breeding pattern: cultivating pond size is 3-5 mu, put front pond in a suitable place to breed and carry out thorough disinfection, with the water sterilization of 20ppm bleaching powder band, after 2-3 days, take out Tang Dishui, pool sterilization is done again with the quicklime of 300 pounds/acre, water inlet after being exposed to the sun one week, water inlet adopts double deck screen tulle bag filtration, nexine 80 orders, outer with 60 mesh sieve tulles, after intaking one week, water colour yellowish green, transparency 20-30cm, just can put Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River standby parent in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is 200 tails/mu, throw in 3Kg small dimension Exopalaemon carinicauda for every mu, inoculation oppossum shrimp, bait throwing in every day 1 time, bait is shrimp pellet, mainly throws something and feeds to ingest to Exopalaemon carinicauda, monthly changes water once, adopts local river mouth brackish water (salinity 5-8).
2, parent pond reinforced cultivating: carry out drawing in the net to move pond to the Gregorian calendar 11-12 month, timely removing wild fishes and harmful organisms, pond size is 2-3 mu, move front pond, pond and carry out thorough disinfection, method puts front pond disinfection in a suitable place to breed with parent, breeding density is 50-100 tail/mu, and now pond salinity water brings up to 10-15, and in pond, small dimension Exopalaemon carinicauda injected volume brings up to every 667m
2throw in 6 Kg, change water and bait and feeding method and cultivate with standby parent pond Ecology; To Gregorian calendar 2-3 month next year, pond Nei Shui changes fresh water into gradually; To the Gregorian calendar 3-5 month, regularly carry out drawing in the net to take exercise, generally will take exercise 2-3 time.
3, hasten parturition and to select with parent: Gregorian calendar early or mid May, when pond water temperature reaches 20 ~ 25 DEG C, parent raun belly expands successively, now can select and hastening parturition with parent, selecting parent's standard: raun postabdomen expands and soft, and cloacal aperture is micro-red; Milter, light pressure cloacal aperture has a small amount of seminal fluid to flow out, and chance water does not fall apart; The parent of select adopts drum (100L) to transport and puts into spawning inducing pool, put 5-10 tail parent for every barrel; Whole selecting wants soft not dried up with operation in transportation.
4, parent hastens parturition: spawning inducing pool adopts 10 ~ 20m
2round or square cement pit, depth of water 1.1-1.2m, parent's breeding density of hastening parturition is 1 ~ 2 tail/m
2, continuous micro-inflation, shading regulation and control (below 500Lux).Parent population sex ration of hastening parturition is 2/3 ~ 3/4, and water temperature of hastening parturition is 22 ~ 24 DEG C; Oxytocic hormone is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A
2(LHRH-A
2), hormone is dissolved in the physiological saline of 0.9%, now with the current; To hasten parturition dosage: raun 20-30ug/Kg, milter reduces by half, and hastens parturition with the every tail 0.5-2.0ml of saline volume.
5, natural insemination: after parent hastens parturition, keep quiet around spawning inducing pool, adopt natural insemination mode, Effect time is generally 18 ~ 35 hours, keeps water temperature 22 ~ 24 DEG C, sends special messenger to observe parent's mating to determine egg-laying time, during mating, milter chases raun, and part fish can skim over from the water surface, after this can find there is ovum in pond.
6, fertilized egg is collected: lay eggs in latter 24 hours, fertilized egg to be collected in time, otherwise fertilized egg meeting rupture of membranes, when collecting fertilized egg, spawning inducing pool is stopped the supple of gas or steam 10-20 minute, allow fertilized egg bubbling through the water column, draw in the net with the soft bolting silk net of 80 order, when drawing in the net, end off the net leaves at the bottom of pond and is about 30-40cm, cutter relieving long-tailed anchovy parent escapes from net smoothly, cutter long-tailed anchovy egg membrane is very thin, fertilized egg can not dried uply extrude, draw in the net hauling time water will be with to operate, after drawing in the net at every turn, pause 3-5 minute, the ovum stirred is allowed again to float to the water surface, and then draw in the net, draw in the net after 3-5 time, hatchery is transferred to after the ovum collecting of more than 95% being counted, general each spawning inducing pool can obtain 5-20 ten thousand fertilized egg.
7, the hatching of fertilized egg: fertilized egg adopts temperature control, hydrostatic, inflation hatching, and Spawning water is the fresh water with 200 order silk cover filterings, prevents medium-sized copepoda, cladocera enters water body, fertilized egg is just with water to put into seed rearing pond (10-20m after collecting
3), using seed rearing pond as hatchery, hatching density is 5000-10000 grain/m
3, inflation hatching in 24 hours, gas exhausting stone density is 1.0-1.5/m
2, water temperature controls at 23 ~ 24 DEG C, gets final product rupture of membranes through 28 ~ 40 hours hatching fries.
8, the intensive seed rearing of indoor water mud sump: adopt hydrostatic blowing aeration to cultivate, water for larval nursing behind pond and cistern two-stage precipitation with 150 object silk cover filterings; Seed rearing pond (10-20m
3), gas exhausting stone 0.5-1.2/m
2, aeration quantity is wavy, and water temperature controls at 23 ~ 26 DEG C; Adopt low water level cloth seedling, first inject 2/3 of Chi Shui, then add water every day, fill it up with after 3 days, following every day changes water 1/4, within after cloth seedling the 6th day, rises, wants the soil pick-up clear end every day once, changing water quantity of exchanged water is every other day 50%, and within after cloth seedling the 15th day, rise, changing water quantity of exchanged water is every other day 60 ~ 70%; Fry opening after 5 ~ 6 days after cloth seedling, throws something and feeds and filters through 80 mesh sieve tulles the yolk and small-sized freshwater rotifer that obtain; Wheel animalcule density is 3 ~ 5/mL, morning and afternoon respectively throws once, cultivate the feeding volume supplementing medium-sized wheel animalcule for 15 days afterwards and increase its palatability, cultivate after 20 days, now fry total length 20mm, its ability of initiatively ingesting is stronger, therefore bait mainly throw something and feed large-scale wheel animalcule, medium-sized cladocera and copepoda the young, zooplankton is fished for after rear use 40 object bolting silk filters and throws something and feeds, and morning and afternoon respectively throws once, supplements simultaneously and throws something and feeds some artemia naupliis to increase the nutrition of bait.
Divide pond, cultivate after 15 days, start a point pond, pond is turned in former pond simultaneously, and behind point pond, density is 1000-2000 tail/m
3, then often within 7-10 days, turn over pond 1 time.Point pond with turn over the soft bolting silk net of pond 60 order and draw in the net, process of drawing in the net wants slow, and seed adopts band water to operate, and avoids unnecessary damage, large gauge fry in cement pit.
After general fry rearing 25-35 days, fry total length reaches 20-30mm, and now fry mobility strengthens, and initiatively prey ability is strong, and this fry can put into outdoor ponds seed rearing.
9, outdoor ponds large size seedling seed is cultivated: select Hekou Area Tu Chi smooth at the bottom of pond, pond is good with the dark 2m in pond, water level 1.5m, area 3-5 mu, each pond is equipped with the aerator of a 1.5kw, the double-deck 60 mesh sieve tulle bag filtrations of water inlet muzzle, discharge outlet 60 order lock nets, until pond disinfection after 2 days, intake to flooding at the bottom of pond and soak, soak thoroughly to drain after 48 hours tan by the sun stand-by, according to putting the seedling time, water inlet in 5-10 days in advance, water inlet adopts local natural fresh water, first to intake 50cm, then water is progressively added until water level reaches 1-1.5m according to water colour situation and diet biomass etc., fair weather aerator at noon start 1h during sending out the pool, then do not open in the evening substantially, general when water temperature 25-30 DEG C, after 3-5 days, water colour thickens, at this moment just there will be a small amount of wheel animalcule in water body, the food organisms such as small-sized cladocera and copepod larva, if quantity is few, inoculate by fishing in the more rich pond of other food organisms, after 3-5 days, food density is detected with beaker multidraw in pond, seedling can be put Deng reaching 20-40/L to diet biomass in pond, select the morning of fair weather, put seedling at the weather in pond, under fry before the pool, open aerator in advance and be evenly distributed to make the not stratified and food organisms of Chi Shui, the large drum of 100 liters (discharging water 30 liters) shading is adopted to transport, put 200-300 tail for every barrel, put Miao Shixian and bucket is toppled over, allow the water in pond be introduced in bucket, fry is allowed to adapt to, after 2-3 minute, releasing fry, breeding density is generally 4000-6000 tail/mu, after putting seedling, aerator fine day to be started shooting 1h noon, and start shooting evening 8-12h, and bad weather then increases the available machine time, change water 1/3 every two weeks, every 3-5 days detection pond food organisms density 1 time, if find, food organisms density is lower than 1/L, will drag for and supplement in time into biological feed from external source pond, pond rearing 15-20 days, the average size of fry is at the long 6.0-6.5cm of body, and body weight is at 1.00-1.05g, and survival rate is at 85-95%.Now each fin ray and scale etc. of fry have been grown complete all, enter into the juvenile fish stage, and fry can be put into pond and carried out conventional cultivation or sell as summer flower fingerling.
Pass through the method, acquisition pond, base, Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute Fengxian large gauge cutter long-tailed anchovy seed 80,000 tail, average body is long is 6.2-6.5cm, and average weight is 1.00-1.05g, pond seed rearing survival rate is at 85-95%, and pond specific yield is 35000-55000 tail/mu.
Claims (1)
1. a cutter long-tailed anchovy staged mating system, cultivated by standby parent pond Ecology, parent pond reinforced cultivating, hasten parturition and to select with parent, parent hastens parturition, natural insemination, fertilized egg is collected, incubating oosperm, the intensive seed rearing of indoor water mud sump, outdoor ponds large size seedling seed cultivates 9 production stage compositions, it is characterized in that artificial breeding to support 2 age above filial generation cutter long-tailed anchovy adult fish as the standby parent of artificial propagation, the cultivation of the outer pool is carried out in the 5-10 month of the annual Gregorian calendar, parent adopts simulating nature biological breeding pattern: put front pond in a suitable place to breed and carry out thorough disinfection, with the water sterilization of 20ppm bleaching powder band, after 2 days, take out Tang Dishui, pool sterilization is done again with the quicklime of 300 pounds/acre, water inlet after being exposed to the sun one week, water inlet adopts double deck screen tulle bag filtration, nexine 80 orders, outer with 60 mesh sieve tulles, after intaking one week, water colour yellowish green, transparency 20-30cm, just can put Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River standby parent in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is 200 tails/mu, throw in 3Kg small dimension Exopalaemon carinicauda for every mu, inoculation oppossum shrimp, bait throwing in every day 1 time, bait is shrimp pellet, throws something and feeds to ingest to Exopalaemon carinicauda, monthly changes water once, adopts local river mouth brackish water, salinity 5-8, carry out drawing in the net to move pond to the Gregorian calendar 11-12 month, timely removing wild fishes and harmful organisms, move front pond, pond and carry out thorough disinfection, method puts front pond disinfection in a suitable place to breed with parent, breeding density is 50-100 tail/mu, now pond salinity water 10-15, in pond, small dimension Exopalaemon carinicauda injected volume brings up to every 667m
2throw in 6 Kg, change water and bait and feeding method and cultivate with standby parent pond Ecology, to Gregorian calendar 2-3 month next year, pond Nei Shui changes fresh water into gradually, to the Gregorian calendar 3-5 month, regularly carry out drawing in the net to take exercise, generally will take exercise 2-3 time, to Gregorian calendar early or mid May, when pond water temperature reaches 20 ~ 25 DEG C, parent raun belly expands successively, now can select and hastening parturition with parent, selecting parent's standard: raun postabdomen expands and soft, and cloacal aperture is micro-red, milter, light pressure cloacal aperture has a small amount of seminal fluid to flow out, and chance water does not fall apart, the parent of select adopts drum to transport and puts into spawning inducing pool, drum volume 100L, put 5-10 tail parent for every barrel, whole selecting wants soft not dried up with operation in transportation, spawning inducing pool adopts 10 ~ 20m
2cement pit, depth of water 1.1-1.2m, parent's breeding density of hastening parturition is 1 ~ 2 tail/m
2, continuous micro-inflation, shading regulation and control illumination is below 500Lux, parent population sex ration of hastening parturition is 2/3 ~ 3/4, and water temperature of hastening parturition is 22 ~ 24 DEG C, oxytocic hormone is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A
2,, hormone is dissolved in the physiological saline of 0.9%, now with the current, to hasten parturition dosage: raun 20-30ug/Kg, milter reduces by half, and hastens parturition with the every tail 0.5-2.0ml of saline volume, after parent hastens parturition, keep quiet around spawning inducing pool, adopt natural insemination mode, Effect time is generally 18 ~ 35 hours, keeps water temperature 22 ~ 24 DEG C, sends special messenger to observe parent's mating to determine egg-laying time, during mating, milter chases raun, and part fish can skim over from the water surface, after this can find there is ovum in pond, lay eggs in latter 24 hours, fertilized egg to be collected in time, when collecting fertilized egg, spawning inducing pool is stopped the supple of gas or steam 10-20 minute, allow fertilized egg bubbling through the water column, draw in the net with the soft bolting silk net of 80 order, when drawing in the net, end off the net leaves 30-40cm at the bottom of pond, cutter relieving long-tailed anchovy parent escapes from net smoothly, cutter long-tailed anchovy egg membrane is very thin, and fertilized egg can not dried uply extrude, draw in the net hauling time water will be with to operate, after drawing in the net at every turn, pause 3-5 minute, allows the ovum stirred again float to the water surface, and then draws in the net, draw in the net after 3-5 time, after being counted by ovum collecting, transfer to hatchery, fertilized egg adopts temperature control, hydrostatic, inflation hatching, Spawning water is the fresh water with 200 order silk cover filterings, prevents medium-sized copepoda, cladocera enters water body, fertilized egg after collecting just band water puts into seed rearing pond, using seed rearing pond as hatchery, hatching density is 5000-10000 grain/m
3, inflation hatching in 24 hours, gas exhausting stone density is 1.0-1.5/m
2, water temperature controls at 23 ~ 24 DEG C, gets final product rupture of membranes through 28 ~ 40 hours hatching fries, adopt hydrostatic blowing aeration indoor water mud sump to cultivate, water for larval nursing behind pond and cistern two-stage precipitation with 150 object silk cover filterings, gas exhausting stone 0.5-1.2/m in seed rearing pond
2, aeration quantity is wavy, and water temperature controls at 23 ~ 26 DEG C, adopt low water level cloth seedling, first inject 2/3 Chi Shui, then add water every day, fill it up with after 3 days, following every day changes water 1/4, within after cloth seedling the 6th day, rises, wants the soil pick-up clear end every day once, changing water quantity of exchanged water is every other day 50%, and within after cloth seedling the 15th day, rise, changing water quantity of exchanged water is every other day 60 ~ 70%, fry opening after 5 ~ 6 days after rupture of membranes, throws something and feeds and filters through 80 mesh sieve tulles the yolk and small-sized freshwater rotifer that obtain, wheel animalcule density is 3 ~ 5/mL, morning and afternoon respectively throws once, cultivate the feeding volume supplementing medium-sized wheel animalcule for 10 days afterwards and increase its palatability, cultivate after 20 days, now fry total length 20mm, its ability of initiatively ingesting is stronger, therefore bait mainly throw something and feed large-scale wheel animalcule, medium-sized cladocera and copepoda the young, zooplankton is fished for after rear use 40 object bolting silk filters and throws something and feeds, and morning and afternoon respectively throws once, supplements simultaneously and throws something and feeds artemia nauplii to increase the nutrition of bait, cultivate after 15 days, start a point pond, pond is turned in former pond simultaneously, and behind point pond, density is 1000-2000 tail/m
3, then often within 7-10 days, turn over pond 1 time, point pond with turn over the soft bolting silk net of pond 60 order and draw in the net, process of drawing in the net wants slow, and seed adopts band water to operate, and avoids large gauge fry in unnecessary damage cement pit, after general fry rearing 25-35 days, when fry total length reaches 20-30mm, now fry mobility strengthens, and initiatively prey ability is strong, and this fry puts into pond, outside seed rearing, select Hekou Area Tu Chi smooth at the bottom of pond, pond is with the dark 2m in pond, water level 1.5m, area 3-5 mu, each pond is equipped with the aerator of a 1.5kw, the double-deck 60 mesh sieve tulle bag filtrations of water inlet muzzle, discharge outlet 60 order lock nets, until pond disinfection after 2 days, intake to flooding at the bottom of pond and soak, soak thoroughly to drain after 48 hours tan by the sun stand-by, according to putting the seedling time, water inlet in 5-10 days in advance, water inlet adopts local natural fresh water, first to intake 50cm, then according to water colour situation with diet biomass progressively adds water until water level reaches 1-1.5m, fair weather aerator at noon start 1h during sending out the pool, then do not open in the evening substantially, when water temperature 25-30 DEG C, after 3-5 days, water colour thickens, at this moment just there will be a small amount of wheel animalcule in water body, the food organisms such as small-sized cladocera and copepod larva, after 3-5 days, food density is detected with beaker multidraw in pond, seedling can be put Deng reaching 20-40/L to diet biomass in pond, select the morning of fair weather, put seedling, under fry before the pool at the weather in pond, open aerator to be in advance evenly distributed to make the not stratified and food organisms of Chi Shui, adopt the large drum of 100 liters, discharge water 30 liters of shading transports, puts 200-300 tail for every barrel, put Miao Shixian bucket is toppled over, allow the water in pond be introduced in bucket, allow fry adapt to, after 2-3 minute, releasing fry, breeding density is generally 4000-6000 tail/mu, after putting seedling, aerator fine day to be started shooting 1h noon, and start shooting evening 8-12h, and bad weather then increases the available machine time, change water 1/3 every two weeks, every 3-5 days detection pond food organisms density 1 time, if find, food organisms density is lower than 1/L, will drag for and supplement in time into biological feed from external source pond, pond rearing 15-20 days, the average size of fry is at the long 6.0-6.5cm of body, and body weight is at 1.00-1.05g, and now each fin ray and scale etc. of fry have been grown complete all, enter into the juvenile fish stage, fry can be put into pond and be carried out conventional cultivation or as summer flower fingerling.
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| CN107691299A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-16 | 上海市水产研究所 | The feeding method of larval rearing in Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River room |
| CN107691299B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-08-02 | 上海市水产研究所 | The feeding method of larval rearing in Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River room |
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| CN111066694A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-28 | 上海市水产研究所（上海市水产技术推广站） | Method for cultivating half-salt water fries of Yangtze river coilia ectenes |
| CN111066694B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-12-10 | 上海市水产研究所（上海市水产技术推广站） | Method for cultivating half-salt water fries of Yangtze river coilia ectenes |
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Effective date of registration: 20230803 Address after: 200433 No. 265, Jiamusi Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Patentee after: SHANGHAI FISHERIES Research Institute SHANGHAI FISHERIES TECHNICAL EXTENSION STATION Address before: 200433 No. 265, Jiamusi Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Patentee before: SHANGHAI FISHERIES Research Institute Patentee before: SHANGHAI FISHERIES TECHNICAL EXTENSION STATION |