CN101675729B - Method for cultivating and artificial breeding plateau saline-alkali water area northern pike - Google Patents
Method for cultivating and artificial breeding plateau saline-alkali water area northern pike Download PDFInfo
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- CN101675729B CN101675729B CN2008100429562A CN200810042956A CN101675729B CN 101675729 B CN101675729 B CN 101675729B CN 2008100429562 A CN2008100429562 A CN 2008100429562A CN 200810042956 A CN200810042956 A CN 200810042956A CN 101675729 B CN101675729 B CN 101675729B
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- northern pike
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- 241000277342 Esox lucius Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940107698 Malachite green Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VFCNQNZNPKRXIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N malachite green cation Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 VFCNQNZNPKRXIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003203 everyday Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004681 Ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000538 Tail Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L mgso4 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001290771 Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009344 polyculture Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004301 light adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating and artificial breeding plateau saline-alkali water area northern pike, aiming at providing a technology suitable for cultivating and artificial breeding the northern pike in the plateau saline-alkali water area. The method adopts first filial generation fingerling bred by wild northern pike to be cultivated into parent fish. The method is characterized in that before the northern pike fingerling is put into a pond, forage fish can be cultivated by an original pond, the northern pike fingerling with the length of 5cm is put into the pond aftertwo weeks, and the polyculture proportion between the northern pike fingerling and the forage fish is 1:200-300; when the temperature of the pond reaches to 7-8 DEG C, parent fish roe of the northernpike can be selected for semidry method artificial fertilization for 5min, and talc powder is used for abhesion after fertilization; oosperm is sterilized by malachite green solution and then enters into an incubator to be incubated; by controlling the speed and the flow rate of the water flow, the dead oosperm of the northern pike can be promoted to be discharged from a drain pipe; deep well water which contains 7-9mg/L of dissolved oxygen and has the water temperature of 12DEG C can be continuously pumped into the bottom of the incubator, and running water incubation can be carried out under the dim light; and when the fingerling flatly swim to intake the exogenous nutrition, the fish can be fed by fish bait in time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture the method for pike and artificial breeding in the plateau saline-alkali waters.
Background technology
The water quality pH in NORTHWEST CHINA plateau saline-alkali waters is 8.35, and salinity is 1706.61mg/L, and basicity is 507.55mg/L, and hardness is 465.13mg/L, and the water type is a magnesium sulfate III type.Be different from the calcium carbonate II water of China's tradition freshwater aquiculture.Therefore, breed and the raising technology adaptive with its ecological condition must be arranged being close to uncultivated northwest plateau saline-alkali water breed pike and carrying out its total man worker and breed.But the parent population that does not retrieve the first filial generation cultivation of breeding with the wild pike of saline land pond culture on western plateau breeds out the report that the pike second filial is carried out pond, plateau saline-alkali ground, the breed of lake pike.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide pike pond, lake culture are carried out in a kind of adaptation at the northwest plateau saline-alkali water technology and total man worker's raising technology thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention adopts the first filial generation seed that the wild pike of introduction is bred in the cultivating pool of northwest plateau saline-alkali water magnesium sulfate III type to carry out breed, and in the pond, it is cultivated into parent population, it is characterized in that before the pike seedling is gone into the pool, cultivating forage fiss with the former pool, prepare sufficient agreeable to the taste forage fiss, be the forage fiss compound feed used for fish of throwing something and feeding every day; Throw in the pike seed of 5cm behind the fortnight, pike is preyed on wild fishes in the pond and carp, crucian carp, silver carp fingerling naturally; The quantity ratio that the pike seed is raised together with the forage fiss fingerling in the pond, saline land is 1: 200～300 tails; The pike parent population passes the winter at the pond subglacial winter, water temperature is about 1～4 ℃, by the end of March, when the pond water temperature reaches 7～8 ℃ at the beginning of 4 months, select 2+ more than age, body weight is carried out semi-dry process artificial insemination 5min at the parent population ovum of the pike of 2000-4000g/ tail, and the insemination process strengthens sperm viability with the insemination liquid that every premium on currency adds 15g urea and 7g sodium chloride, to improve fertilization rate; After fertilization with 10% talcum powder (be talcum powder: unsticking 30min water=1: 10), go into the incubator hatching after using 1: 6000 malachite green solution sterilization 5min again; Embryonic development before the heartbeat still with the malachite green solution 5min that sterilizes every day, embryonic development to heart beat period is used concentration 0.4% sodium chloride (NaCl)+0.1% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO later on instead
3) solution, the 30min that sterilizes every day is in case saprolegniasis takes place; Incubating oosperm of northern pike adopts the measure of controlled water flow speed and flow, promptly preceding 1～3 sky and water current control is at 3～4L/min, subsequently the 4th～6 day was dead ovum imbibition and water mold outbreak period, current should be controlled at 6～8L/min, impel the dead ovum of suction come-up to separate, guarantee the normal hatching of fertilized egg from last drainpipe discharge; Incubator describes device for the 80L truncated rectangular pyramids, puts into about 50,000 in fertilized egg at every turn, enters the phreatic water that contains 12 ℃ of dissolved oxygen 7～9mg/L water temperatures continuously from the incubator bottom, maintains 12～13 ℃ of water temperatures, flowing water hatching under the illumination of 100lux; When exogenous nutrition is ingested in the flat trip of fry, the bait of should in time throwing something and feeding; The prelarva opening wheel animalcule of preferably throwing something and feeding, or the squab fairy shrimp nauplius of throwing something and feeding, bait throwing in density is 5/ml, the cladocera of can throwing something and feeding two days later, prelarva is long to 2～2.5cm, throw something and feed Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri to 5cm, putting the pond in a suitable place to breed a few days ago, the black son of throw something and feed " four large Chinese carps " or summer flower improve its prey ability to take exercise.
The technique effect that the present invention gives prominence to is that the first filial generation of successfully breeding with the wild pike of saline land pond culture on western plateau is cultivated into parent population and bred out the pike second filial, not only can make to be close to uncultivated northwest plateau saline-alkali water and to obtain utilizing, also start the aquaculture model that " four large Chinese carps " that utilize local wild fishes, low-quality cultures the high pike of valency of fine quality.For the breach has successfully been opened in local aquaculture synergy, and obtained favorable economic benefit.
Embodiment
Before the pike seedling is gone into the pool, cultivate forage fiss (May, early and middle ten days was at first put carp, crucian carp, silver carp etc. " crow is young " seed 300,000 tails in pond, 10 mu of saline lands, carried out the nurture of fish fingerlings of conventional " four large Chinese carps "), prepare sufficient agreeable to the taste forage fiss with the former pool; Throw in the pike seed (1000 tail) of 5cm behind the fortnight, pike is preyed on wild fishes in the pond and carp, crucian carp, silver carp fingerling naturally; Be to guarantee the normal growth of forage fiss, every day is to the forage fiss compound feed used for fish of throwing something and feeding; The pike seed is raised together with the quantity ratio with the forage fiss fingerling in the pond, saline land be 1: 200～300 tails, promptly raises together with 50～100 tail pike seeds in every mu of pond; The pike formula of herding in lake, saline land, the big waters of reservoir is cultured every mu of seed of throwing in 2～3 tail pike 5cm; The pike parent population passes the winter at the pond subglacial winter, water temperature is about 1～4 ℃, when 3～April, local pond water temperature reached 7～8 ℃, select 2+ more than age, body weight is carried out semi-dry process artificial insemination 5min at the parent population ovum of the pike of 2000-4000g/ tail, the insemination process strengthens sperm viability by insemination liquid (every premium on currency adds 15g urea and 7g sodium chloride), to improve fertilization rate.After fertilization with 10% talcum powder (talcum powder: unsticking 30min water=1: 10), go into the incubator hatching after using 1: 6000 malachite green solution sterilization 5min again.Still but every day, embryonic development can be used concentration 0.4% sodium chloride nacl+0.1% sodium bicarbonate NaHCO instead to heart beat period with the malachite green solution 5min that sterilizes before the heartbeat in embryonic development
3Solution, the 30min that sterilizes every day is in case saprolegniasis takes place.Incubating oosperm of northern pike adopts the technical measures of controlled water flow speed and flow, promptly preceding 1～3 sky and water current control is at 3～4L/min, subsequently the 4th～6 day was dead ovum imbibition and water mold outbreak period, current are controlled at 6～8L/min, impel the dead ovum (being adhered to by water mold basically) of suction come-up to separate, guarantee the normal hatching of fertilized egg from last drainpipe discharge.Incubator describes device for the 80L truncated rectangular pyramids, puts into about 50,000 in fertilized egg at every turn, enters the phreatic water that contains 12 ℃ of dissolved oxygen 7～9mg/L water temperatures continuously from the incubator bottom, maintains 12～13 ℃ of water temperatures, flowing water hatching under the illumination of 100lux.Squab fry is adsorbed in the bottom of seed rearing basin, in 12～14 ℃ water temperature, need 6～7 days ability to begin flat trip, when exogenous nutrition is ingested in the flat trip of fry, the bait of should in time throwing something and feeding, the prelarva opening wheel animalcule of preferably throwing something and feeding, the squab fairy shrimp nauplius of also can throwing something and feeding, bait throwing in density is 5/ml, the cladocera of can throwing something and feeding two days later, prelarva is long to 2～2.5cm, throw something and feed Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri to 5cm, putting the pond in a suitable place to breed a few days ago, the black son of throw something and feed " four large Chinese carps " or summer flower improve its prey ability to take exercise.
Pike is to adopt pike to prey on the breeding way that wild fishes in the pond and carp, crucian carp, silver carp fingerling are grown naturally in pond, saline land and " four large Chinese carps " pattern of raising together with.The present invention presses pike fingerling 1000 tails, and the pike seed is raised together with quantity with the forage fiss fingerling in the pond, saline land to raise together with the obtained economic benefit of pattern than 1: 200～300 be that tradition is cultured " four large Chinese carps " 3～5 times.Gather in the crops pike 673 tails then mid-October, survival rate reaches 67.3%, is total to 423kg, and maximum individuality reaches the 0.92kg/ tail, average out to 0.63kg/ tail, and the locality goes out 90 yuan/kg of pond valency, and the output value reaches 3.8 ten thousand yuan; Also gather in the crops carp, crucian carp, silver carp kind 836kg in addition, the output value reaches 1.2 ten thousand yuan, amounts to the output value and reaches 50,000 yuan; Deduction cost (10,000 yuan in seed, feed are 0.5 ten thousand yuan of clover and 0.5 ten thousand yuan of manufactured feeds, personnel's wages etc.) obtains net profit and reaches 30,000 yuan.Carry out pike and culture, every mu of seed of throwing in 2～3 tail pike 5cm in the big waters in the saline-alkali water formula of herding.Not only make to be close to uncultivated northwest plateau saline-alkali water and to obtain utilizing, also started aquaculture model with the high pike of " four large Chinese carps " breed valency of fine quality of local wild fishes, low-quality.For the breach has successfully been opened in local aquaculture synergy.
Claims (1)
1. plateau saline-alkali waters pike is cultured and the artificial breeding method, the first filial generation seed that the wild pike of introduction is bred in the cultivating pool of employing saline-alkali water magnesium sulfate III type is carried out breed, and in the pond, it is cultivated into parent population, it is characterized in that before the pike seedling is gone into the pool cultivating forage fiss with the former pool, be the forage fiss compound feed used for fish of throwing something and feeding every day; Throw in the pike seed of 5cm behind the fortnight; The quantitative proportion that the pike seed is raised together with the forage fiss fingerling in the pond, saline land 1: 200～300 tails; 3～April when the pond water temperature reaches 7～8 ℃, select the above body weight of 2 full ages to carry out semi-dry process artificial insemination 5min at the parent population ovum of the pike of 2000～4000g/ tail, the insemination process strengthens sperm viability with the insemination liquid that every premium on currency adds 15g urea and 7g sodium chloride; After fertilization uses malachite green solution sterilization 5min after go into incubator hatching at 1: 6000 with 10% talcum powder unsticking 30min again; Embryonic development before the heartbeat still with the malachite green solution 5min that sterilizes every day, embryonic development to heart beat period and after use concentration 0.4% sodium chloride+0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution instead, sterilize every day 30min in case saprolegniasis take place; Incubating oosperm of northern pike adopts the measure of controlled water flow speed and flow, preceding 1～3 sky and water current control is at 3～4L/min, the 4th～6 day current subsequently should be controlled at 6～8L/min, impel the dead ovum of suction come-up to discharge from drainpipe, guarantee the normal hatching of fertilized egg; Incubator describes device for the 80L truncated rectangular pyramids, puts into about 50,000 in fertilized egg at every turn, enters the phreatic water that contains 12 ℃ of dissolved oxygen 7～9mg/L water temperatures continuously from the incubator bottom, and water temperature maintains 12～13 ℃, flowing water hatching under the illumination of 100lux; When exogenous nutrition is ingested in the flat trip of fry, the bait of in time throwing something and feeding; Prelarva opening the throw something and feed wheel animalcule or the squab fairy shrimp nauplius of throwing something and feeding, bait throwing in density is 5/ml, the skill of throwing something and feeding two days later angle class, prelarva is long to 2～2.5cm, throw something and feed Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri to 5cm, putting the pond in a suitable place to breed a few days ago, the black son of throw something and feed " four large Chinese carps " or summer flower improve its prey ability to take exercise.
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| CN2008100429562A CN101675729B (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2008-09-16 | Method for cultivating and artificial breeding plateau saline-alkali water area northern pike |
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| CN2008100429562A CN101675729B (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2008-09-16 | Method for cultivating and artificial breeding plateau saline-alkali water area northern pike |
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| CN101675729B true CN101675729B (en) | 2011-11-09 |
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| CN2008100429562A Expired - Fee Related CN101675729B (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2008-09-16 | Method for cultivating and artificial breeding plateau saline-alkali water area northern pike |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101822231B (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-16 | 云南省水产技术推广站 | Hatching method for Sinocyclocheilus grahami fertilized egg |
| CN103283644B (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-10-01 | 新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所 | Method for increasing success rate of creating northern pike full-sib families |
| CN104273070A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-14 | 苏州苏湘特种水产养殖场 | Method for breeding high-growing-speed esox lucius |
| CN106135268A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-11-23 | 沈阳市梅杉化工厂 | A kind of disinfectant |
| CN108064773A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-25 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of method that saline-alkali water raises and train colored perch juvenile fish |
| CN108094273A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-01 | 广西平南县平原农牧有限公司 | A kind of hatching method of class of Of-digestive-tract fertilized eggs |
| CN112741026B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-09-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Breeding method of grouper |
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