CN105340833A - Low-light culturing method for giant salamanders - Google Patents
Low-light culturing method for giant salamanders Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-light culturing method for giant salamanders. The low-light culturing method is characterized in that giant salamanders are cultured in a low-light culturing plant after being incubated, wherein the low-light culturing plant is provided with a window, and sunshine can directly shoot into the low-light culturing plant; culture ponds for culturing different sizes of giant salamanders are arranged in the low-light culturing plant, and ultraviolet lamps for irradiating the culture ponds are further arranged in the low-light culturing plant; the peripheries and the bottoms of the culture ponds are smooth; giant salamanders are cultured by virtue of deep well water, and the average water temperature all the year round is 16-20 DEG C; no noise reduction facility is arranged in the low-light culturing plant. According to the low-light culturing method for the giant salamanders, the giant salamanders are fed in a low-light indoor environment after being incubated, so that the giant salamanders can adapt to low-light and noisy environments, the living habit of the giant salamanders is changed, the construction cost and the management cost of a culturing site are effectively lowered, the feeding difficulty of the giant salamanders is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, particularly relate to a kind of giant salamander low light level cultural method.
Background technology
Giant salamander, it is the distinctive tailed amphibians of China, the ancient animal that in the existing amphibian animal in the Ye Shi world, build maximum life is the longest, be in the middle status from aquatic landwards (cheek is breathed to pulmonary respiration) vertebrate transition, there is important scientific value, the title of intrinsic " living fossil " for research land_atmosphere coupling model origin phylogeny and geographical distribution etc.Because giant salamander has edible greatly, medicinal and ornamental value, the meat of giant salamander is pure white fresh and tender, fertile and oiliness, flat flavor and delicious, amino acid in 17 is contained in the protein of its muscle, wherein 8 kinds is the amino acid of needed by human, edible giant salamander can promote the DNA biosynthesis of cell, promote that Human Physiology is active, improve a poor appetite, improve human body cell metaboilic level, improve body immunity, therefore the phenomenon that overkilling kills giant salamander is in recent years becoming increasingly rampant, adding the destruction of habitat, lose and reduce, cause wild giant salamander population broken, population quantity falls sharply, distribution reduces, individual miniaturized, many original area disappear, giant salamander is made to be in endangered condition.In order to this precious natural resources of effective active salvage and protection; maintain ecosystem balance, China various places are since the nineties in 20th century, and approval establishes a collection of giant salamander chartering cost field in accordance with the law; carry out in situ conservation and the exploitation work of giant salamander, achieve certain effect.
Propagating artificially of current giant salamander normally cultivates in solution cavity or basement, cultivation place construction cost, management cost are high, and keeper can only take care of giant salamander in the environment of dark, needs to wear the survival state that torch could observe giant salamander, management inconvenience, the survival rate of giant salamander is also lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical assignment of technical problem to be solved by this invention and proposition improves prior art, a kind of giant salamander low light level cultural method is provided, solving giant salamander in current technology normally cultivates in solution cavity or basement, cultivation place construction cost, management cost are high, keeper can only take care of giant salamander in the environment of dark, need to wear the survival state that torch could observe giant salamander, management inconvenience, the problem that the survival rate of giant salamander is lower.
For solving above technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of giant salamander low light level cultural method, it is characterized in that, giant salamander is just cultivated in low light level cultivation factory building after hatching, described low light level cultivation factory building offers window, and direct sunlight enters in low light level cultivation factory building, arranges the culturing pool of cultivation Different Individual size giant salamander in low light level cultivation factory building, and in low light level cultivation factory building, be also provided with ultraviolet lamps irradiates culturing pool, the surrounding of culturing pool and bottom arrange smooth, adopt phreatic water cultivation, long-term average temperature 16 ~ 20 DEG C.The young salamander just hatched cultivates under low light environment by giant salamander low light level cultural method of the present invention, and low light level cultivation factory building does not establish noise-reducing device, giant salamander does not have hibernation, giant salamander is made to adapt to the environment of the low light level and natural noise from urine, change the life habit of giant salamander, thus effectively can reduce the construction cost of raising farm, also feeding and management cost can be reduced, under the environment having light, keeper checks giant salamander upgrowth situation without the need to being with light fixture again, reduce the labour intensity of keeper, can clearly observe giant salamander survival condition, ensure the survival rate of giant salamander.And utilize ultraviolet light source to carry out sterilization process to Chi Shui, ensure the cleanliness factor of giant salamander living environment, reduce the giant salamander incidence of disease.
Further, described giant salamander low light level cultivation adopts and cultivates stage by stage, cultivation comprises the cultivation of young salamander, the cultivation of young salamander, becomes salamander cultivation and the cultivation of close salamander stage by stage, and by the Giant Salamander Breeding of Different age group in different culturing pools, culturing pool area mates with the individual specification size of giant salamander.Giant salamander growth has obvious stage, and have metamorphosis process, the giant salamander being in different phase is separately cultivated, the Different growing environment condition being suitable for different phase giant salamander is provided, more be of value to growing of giant salamander, reduce the giant salamander incidence of disease, giant salamander grows fine, the giant salamander individual specification varied in size separately is raised and can effectively avoid the phenomenon that large individuality kills and devour little individuality occurs, improve survival rate, reduce feeding cost, enable giant salamander amount reproduction, meet the growing market demand, increase economic efficiency.
Further, giant salamander below described young salamander cultivation raising 1 age, culturing pool size is 0.5 ~ 1 square metre, culturing pool water quality used is higher than fishery water standard, reach national II grade standard best, the dissolved oxygen in water of culturing pool water is at more than 5mg/L, the depth of water 5 ~ 10cm, and in culturing pool, aerator is installed, water quality pH is 7.0 ~ 8.5, equality of temperature water filling, slow permeability microcirculation draining, keep water temperature steady, 35 ~ 50 days start feeding bait, bait adopts small-sized plankton, young salamander due to digestive organs undeveloped, controlling daily ration, feeding quantity and bait throwing in frequency well is one of technology improving survival rate, every other day bait throwing in is once 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C time for water temperature, water temperature about 15 DEG C time every bait throwing in 2 days once, water temperature about 10 DEG C time every bait throwing in three days once, prevent young salamander from causing indigestion to cause abdominal distension enteritis and dead because of satiety of ingesting.
Further, open-mouthed bait for giant salamander opening in described young salamander cultivation adopts freezing red worm, first red worm is thawed during bait throwing in, again with 1% saline solution sterilization half an hour after throw something and feed, remove the residual bait in culturing pool every day, avoid bait corruption to affect water quality and cause young salamander occurring disease of digestive tract, divide foster by giant salamander Individual Size in time in feeding process, to avoid the phenomenon that large individuality kills and devour little individuality.
Further, described young salamander cultivates the giant salamander in raising 1 age in age to 2, and culturing pool size is 1 ~ 2 square metre, the depth of water 10 ~ 15cm, embathes 5 ~ 10 minutes before giant salamander enters pond with disinfecting drug, and breeding density is 10 ~ 30 tails/m
2, young salamander physique is weak tender, and metabolism is vigorous, its environment very malleable, and then affects its growth, thus changes water every day and keeps water quality pure and fresh.
Further, to throw something and feed in described young salamander breeding process red worm, aquatic insect and fish shrimp crab class, throw something and feed every day twice, respectively 6 ~ 7 time and 18 ~ 19 time, remove the residual bait in culturing pool every day, raise after a period of time, children salamander due to growth rate inconsistent, specification there will be uneven, divides specification to raise by giant salamander Individual Size in good time, to avoid the phenomenon that large individuality kills and devour little individuality.Children salamander takes off the external gill phase and strengthens management, and young salamander gill respiration transfers in pulmonary respiration process, and gill egodefense and immunocompetence decline, and the attachments such as bacterium easily invades, silt easily invest on external gill, cause expiratory dyspnea, cause gill inflammation, suppuration, cause mortality; Two kinds of respiratory functions are not strong, and dissolved oxygen in water is inadequate, can affect ingesting of young salamander, occurs poor appetite or stops eating and death of becoming thin.Therefore take off young salamander and change water every day external gill phase, and clean culturing pool, every other day with 50g/L saline solution or disinfecting drug, culturing pool is carried out disinfection, silt can not be had to enter breeding water body.
Further, described one-tenth salamander cultivates the giant salamander in raising 2 ~ 4 age, culturing pool size is 1.5 ~ 4 square metres, individuality is no more than 1.5 square metres at the rearing pool area of the giant salamander of below 10Kg, under giant salamander is limited to less environment, both contributed to reducing the difficulty that it seeks food, the loss of physical efficiency can have been reduced again.At the bottom of pool wall and pond with cement floating and tiling, giant salamander table skin is avoided to be scratched, depth of water 30 ~ 40cm, the giant salamander Individual Size specification of raising is consistent, density is l ~ 3/m2, divide specification to raise by giant salamander Individual Size in good time, culturing pool water temperature 18 ~ 22 DEG C, the suitable water temperature of giant salamander is 13 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, optimum water temperature is 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, and in this temperature range, giant salamander food ration can reach 3% ~ 5% of its body weight, too high or too lowly all easily affect giant salamander and normally ingest and even stop eating, water temperature also easily causes giant salamander dead more than 28 DEG C.Each culturing pool will open suitable flowing water simultaneously, wants disinfection, prevent bringing into of pathogenic bacteria to exotic.Giant salamander is higher to water quality requirement, and water source used must be nontoxic, pollution-free, and transparency is at more than 6m, and water quality pH is 7.0 ~ 8.5, within every two days, changes a fresh water, adopts every month potassium permanganate to the sterilization of giant salamander body surface, prophylactic generation.
Further, adopt the mode of forcing to tame and docile food in described one-tenth salamander breeding process, in the daily management of giant salamander culture, bait throwing in is the most key, be directly connected to the growth rate of giant salamander, because its nature are lazy, happiness is eaten and is eaten from the beginning, so, it be made to grow fast, the feeding habits of forcibly changing giant salamander.Described pressure tames and dociles food for the partial removal by containing os osseum in forage fiss, pulp is cut into suitable size according to the size of giant salamander individuality, fish block clamped by the hawkbill wearing into blunt circle with tip portion, swings back and forth in giant salamander mouth, carries out food calling, repeatedly repeatedly carry out, until giant salamander initiatively can rob food, adopt this to force to tame and docile food mode two months, giant salamander formation condition is reflected, in tame and docile food process, do not use intense direct illumination giant salamander head.Throwing is raised and also should be accomplished " regularly, quantitatively, fixed point, determines matter (ensureing the fresh of bait) ", improves tame and docile food effect with this.Pull the food do not eaten up in time out, prevent food because of the polluted water that rots.
Further, described close salamander cultivation adopts Ecology breeding mode, raise the giant salamander in 4 ages more than, 4 ~ 5 square metres, culturing pool face, suitable close salamander is selected to grow one section of natural river course with ripe mountain area, giant salamander original producton location, select one piece of tableland or ground, gentle slope, build artificial streamlet and cave, plant herbaceous plant at upper cave mulching soil, kind of a salamander is dropped into by male and female 1:1, raising water draws from mountain spring water, and through building the stepped filtered water reservoir in 2 ~ 3, artificial streamlet upstream in before mountain spring water uses, giant salamander fry is fished in timing.
Adopt Ecology breeding mode parent salamander can natural propagation, reproductive life be long.This model selection is on the former habitat of giant salamander and natural propagation ground, the physiological ecological habit of all suitable giant salamander of various ecological factor (mainly water quality and water temperature), parent salamander is hastened parturition without the need to manual injection's hormone, just can physical maturity, lay eggs, be fertilized, hatch and emerge, and extend service life and the service efficiency of close salamander.Small investment, instant effect, technology is easily grasped.This pattern only need be built and be prevented escaping facility, nursing house and have special messenger to keep an eye on.Under normal weather conditions, place close salamander then, can hatch then and emerge.This pattern passes through the mutual allotment to being distributed in different regions and basin parent salamander simultaneously; inbreeding can be avoided; the germ plasm resource of giant salamander and genetic diversity are effectively protected, and the recovery and the mankind's continuous utilization that can be giant salamander wild resource provide reliable and the seed of abundance.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
Giant salamander is just raised the indoor at low light environment by giant salamander low light level cultural method of the present invention after hatching, make giant salamander be adapted to the low light level and have the environment of noise, change the life habit of giant salamander, effective reduction cultivation place construction cost, management cost, reduce the difficulty of raising giant salamander, increase economic efficiency;
The giant salamander being in different phase separately cultivates by the present invention, the Different growing environment condition being suitable for different phase giant salamander is provided, be of value to growing of giant salamander, reduce the giant salamander incidence of disease, giant salamander grows fine, and the giant salamander individual specification varied in size separately is raised and can effectively avoid the phenomenon that large individuality kills and devour little individuality occurs, improve survival rate, reduce feeding cost, enable giant salamander amount reproduction, meet the growing market demand.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of giant salamander low light level cultural method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, while the generation of giant salamander provides suitable growing environment and bait, just the indoor at low light environment are raised from young salamander, make giant salamander be adapted to the low light level and have the environment of noise, change the life habit of giant salamander, effective reduction cultivation place construction cost, management cost, reduce the difficulty that keeper takes care of management giant salamander, the survival condition of giant salamander can be observed easily under low light environment, without the need to wearing light fixture again, reduce the labour intensity of keeper, improve the survival rate of giant salamander, enable giant salamander amount reproduction, meet the growing market demand, increase economic efficiency.
Giant salamander growth has obvious stage, and has metamorphosis process, and artificially-cultured giant salamander needs to adopt suitable breeding way according to the Different growth phases of giant salamander.
A kind of giant salamander low light level cultural method, giant salamander is just cultivated in low light level cultivation factory building after hatching, described low light level cultivation factory building offers window, direct sunlight enters in low light level cultivation factory building, the culturing pool of cultivation Different Individual size giant salamander is set in low light level cultivation factory building, and in low light level cultivation factory building, be also provided with ultraviolet lamps irradiates culturing pool, the surrounding of culturing pool and bottom arrange smooth, employing phreatic water cultivates, long-term average temperature 16 ~ 20 DEG C, water quality is nontoxic, pollution-free, pure and fresh cleaning, acid-base value is moderate, the needs of suitable giant salamander growth reproduction, and low light level cultivation factory building does not establish noise-reducing device.And the cultivation of the giant salamander low light level adopts and cultivates stage by stage, cultivation comprises the cultivation of young salamander, the cultivation of young salamander, becomes salamander cultivation and the cultivation of close salamander stage by stage, and by the Giant Salamander Breeding of Different age group in different culturing pools, culturing pool area mates with the individual specification size of giant salamander.
In feeding process by the Giant Salamander Breeding of Different age group in different culturing pools, culturing pool area mates with the individual specification size of giant salamander, culturing pool area should depending on giant salamander specification size, young salamander culturing pool (within age in tadpole stage 1) 0.5 ~ 1 square metre, children salamander culturing pool (young age in salamander stage 1 ~ 2) 1 ~ 2 square metre, become salamander culturing pool (becoming age in salamander stage 2 ~ 4) 1.5 ~ 4 square metres, close salamander culturing pool (more than 4 ages) 5 square meter.And the surrounding of all culturing pools and bottom arrange smooth, culturing pool top is arranged prevents escaping facility or add a cover to prevent escaping net, some caves are set in culturing pool, the giant salamander of Erecting and improving is anti-to be escaped, anti-theft, preventive establishments, each culturing pool arranges independently irrigation and drainage facility, accomplish that water potential effectively regulates, water is with easy access, and blowdown is convenient.Young salamander cultivation, the cultivation of young salamander, the cultivation of one-tenth salamander and the cultivation of close salamander adopt the palatability bait being suitable for Different growth phases to feed, palatability bait comprise salvaging natural wild fishes, from market buy fresh and alive animal feed and the fry of cultivation, red worm bait, these bait approach, close salamander, young salamander and the nutrition problem needed for young salamander in effective guarantee chartering cost process.
The culturing pool water quality used of young salamander cultivation is higher than fishery water standard, reach national II grade standard best, the dissolved oxygen in water of culturing pool water is at more than 5mg/L, the depth of water 5 ~ 10cm, and in culturing pool, aerator is installed, water quality pH is 7.0 ~ 8.5, equality of temperature water filling, slow permeability microcirculation draining, keep water temperature steady, 35 ~ 50 days start feeding bait, bait adopts small-sized plankton, every other day bait throwing in is once 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C time for water temperature, water temperature about 15 DEG C time every bait throwing in 2 days once, water temperature about 10 DEG C time every bait throwing in three days once, prevent young salamander from causing indigestion to cause abdominal distension enteritis and dead because of satiety of ingesting.
Open-mouthed bait for giant salamander opening in young salamander cultivation adopts freezing red worm, first red worm is thawed during bait throwing in, again with 1% saline solution sterilization half an hour after throw something and feed, remove the residual bait in culturing pool every day, avoid bait corruption to affect water quality and cause young salamander occurring disease of digestive tract, divide foster by giant salamander Individual Size in time in feeding process, to avoid the phenomenon that large individuality kills and devour little individuality.
The culturing pool depth of water 10 ~ 15cm of children salamander cultivation, embathe 5 ~ 10 minutes with disinfecting drug before giant salamander enters pond, breeding density is 10 ~ 30 tails/m
2, young salamander physique is weak tender, and metabolism is vigorous, its environment very malleable, and then affects its growth, thus changes water every day and keeps water quality pure and fresh.To throw something and feed in children's salamander breeding process red worm, aquatic insect and fish shrimp crab class, throw something and feed twice every day, respectively 6 ~ 7 time and 18 ~ 19 time, remove the residual bait in culturing pool every day, after raising a period of time, divide specification to raise by giant salamander Individual Size in good time, to avoid the phenomenon that large individuality kills and devour little individuality.Children salamander takes off the external gill phase and strengthens management, and takes off and changes water every day external gill phase, and clean culturing pool, every other day carry out disinfection to culturing pool with 50g/L saline solution or disinfecting drug, silt can not be had to enter breeding water body young salamander.
Become the culturing pool depth of water 30 ~ 40cm of salamander cultivation, individuality is no more than 1.5 square metres at the rearing pool area of the giant salamander of below 10Kg, under giant salamander is limited to less environment, has both contributed to reducing the difficulty that it seeks food, and can reduce again the loss of physical efficiency.At the bottom of the pool wall of culturing pool and pond with cement floating and tiling, avoid giant salamander table skin to be scratched, the giant salamander Individual Size specification of raising is consistent, and density is l ~ 3/m
2, divide specification to raise by giant salamander Individual Size, culturing pool water temperature 18 ~ 22 DEG C, each culturing pool will open suitable flowing water simultaneously, wants disinfection, prevent bringing into of pathogenic bacteria to exotic in good time.Giant salamander is higher to water quality requirement, and water source used must be nontoxic, pollution-free, and transparency is at more than 6m, and water quality pH is 7.0 ~ 8.5, within every two days, changes a fresh water, adopts every month potassium permanganate to the sterilization of giant salamander body surface, prophylactic generation.
Becoming in salamander breeding process the mode adopting and force to tame and docile food, in the daily management of giant salamander culture, bait throwing in is the most key, be directly connected to the growth rate of giant salamander, because its nature are lazy, happiness is eaten and is eaten from the beginning, so, it be made to grow fast, the feeding habits of forcibly changing giant salamander.Described pressure tames and dociles food for the partial removal by containing os osseum in forage fiss, pulp is cut into suitable size according to the size of giant salamander individuality, fish block clamped by the hawkbill wearing into blunt circle with tip portion, swings back and forth in giant salamander mouth, carries out food calling, repeatedly repeatedly carry out, until giant salamander initiatively can rob food, adopt this to force to tame and docile food mode two months, giant salamander formation condition is reflected, in tame and docile food process, do not use intense direct illumination giant salamander head.Throwing is raised and also should be accomplished " regularly, quantitatively, fixed point, determines matter (ensureing the fresh of bait) ", improves tame and docile food effect with this.Strengthen the daily management of giant salamander, particularly by adopting the method for forcing to tame and docile food, the annual growth of giant salamander can reach 50-100%.Pull the food do not eaten up in time out, prevent food because of the polluted water that rots.
The cultivation of parent salamander adopts Ecology breeding mode, raise the giant salamander in 4 ages more than, 4 ~ 5 square metres, culturing pool face, suitable close salamander is selected to grow one section of natural river course with ripe mountain area, giant salamander original producton location, select one piece of tableland or ground, gentle slope, build artificial streamlet and cave, plant herbaceous plant at upper cave mulching soil, kind of a salamander is dropped into by male and female 1:1, raising water draws from mountain spring water, through building the stepped filtered water reservoir in 2 ~ 3, artificial streamlet upstream in before mountain spring water uses, giant salamander fry is fished in timing.Adopt Ecology breeding mode parent salamander can natural propagation, reproductive life be long; Small investment, instant effect, technology is easily grasped; Avoid inbreeding, germ plasm resource can be effectively protected.
Adopt above-mentioned giant salamander low light level cultural method, introduced giant salamander from 2006 and raise and train so far, breeding environment meets the requirement of giant salamander self-sow, water quality water temperature can meet giant salamander growth demand, and food organisms can be ensured supply, and the giant salamander incidence of disease is lower, grow fine, survival rate is to more than 90%.Within 2006-2011 years, introduce first filial generation parent salamander 120 tail, second filial children salamander 3250 tail.As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, ended for the end of the year 2014, giant salamander culture scale reaches close salamander 116 tail, become salamander 11260 tail, wherein: second filial children salamander tail 2960 tail of introduction, young salamander 2100 tail of breeding in 2012, young salamander 2800 tail of breeding in 2013, young salamander 3400 tail of breeding in 2014.
Table 1, introduction second filial giant salamander culture basic condition table
| Introduce young salamander number (tail) | Ready-made number alive (tail) | Existing specification |
| 3250 | 2960 | 2.5-6 kilogram |
Table 2, within 2012-2014 years, breed giant salamander basic condition table
| Year | Hatching number (tail) | Ready-made number alive (tail) | Existing specification |
| 2012 | 2330 | 2100 | (1-1.5 kilogram) |
| 2013 | 3040 | 2800 | 0.1-0.5 (kilogram) |
| 2014 | 3580 | 3400 | 8-10 centimetre |
| Add up to | 8950 | 8300 |
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a giant salamander low light level cultural method, it is characterized in that, giant salamander is just cultivated in low light level cultivation factory building after hatching, described low light level cultivation factory building offers window, direct sunlight enters in low light level cultivation factory building, the culturing pool of cultivation Different Individual size giant salamander is set in low light level cultivation factory building, and in low light level cultivation factory building, be also provided with ultraviolet lamps irradiates culturing pool, the surrounding of culturing pool and bottom arrange smooth, employing phreatic water cultivates, long-term average temperature 16 ~ 20 DEG C, and low light level cultivation factory building does not establish noise-reducing device.
2. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described giant salamander low light level cultivation adopts and cultivates stage by stage, cultivation comprises the cultivation of young salamander, the cultivation of young salamander, becomes salamander cultivation and the cultivation of close salamander stage by stage, by the Giant Salamander Breeding of Different age group in different culturing pools, culturing pool area mates with the individual specification size of giant salamander.
3. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, giant salamander below described young salamander cultivation raising 1 age, culturing pool size is 0.5 ~ 1 square metre, the dissolved oxygen in water of culturing pool water is at more than 5mg/L, the depth of water 5 ~ 10cm, and in culturing pool, aerator is installed, water quality pH is 7.0 ~ 8.5, equality of temperature water filling, slow permeability microcirculation draining, 35 ~ 50 days start feeding bait, bait adopts small-sized plankton, every other day bait throwing in is once 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C time for water temperature, water temperature about 15 DEG C time every bait throwing in 2 days once, water temperature about 10 DEG C time every bait throwing in three days once.
4. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, open-mouthed bait for giant salamander opening in described young salamander cultivation adopts freezing red worm, first red worm is thawed during bait throwing in, again with 1% saline solution sterilization half an hour after throw something and feed, remove the residual bait in culturing pool every day, divide foster by giant salamander Individual Size in time in feeding process.
5. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described young salamander cultivates the giant salamander in raising 1 age in age to 2, culturing pool size is 1 ~ 2 square metre, the depth of water 10 ~ 15cm, embathes 5 ~ 10 minutes with disinfecting drug before giant salamander enters pond, and breeding density is 10 ~ 30 tails/m
2, change water every day and keep water quality pure and fresh.
6. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, to throw something and feed in described young salamander breeding process red worm, aquatic insect and fish shrimp crab class, throw something and feed twice every day, respectively 6 ~ 7 time and 18 ~ 19 time, remove the residual bait in culturing pool every day, divide specification to raise by giant salamander Individual Size in good time, take off young salamander and change water every day external gill phase, and clean culturing pool, every other day with 50g/L saline solution or disinfecting drug, culturing pool is carried out disinfection.
7. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described one-tenth salamander cultivates the giant salamander in raising 2 ~ 4 age, culturing pool size is 1.5 ~ 4 square metres, individual is no more than 1.5 square metres at the rearing pool area of the giant salamander of below 10Kg, at the bottom of pool wall and pond with cement floating and tiling, giant salamander table skin is avoided to be scratched, depth of water 30 ~ 40cm, the giant salamander Individual Size specification of raising is consistent, and density is l ~ 3/m
2, divide specification to raise by giant salamander Individual Size, culturing pool water temperature 18 ~ 22 DEG C, transparency is at more than 6m, and water quality pH is 7.0 ~ 8.5 in good time, within every two days, changes a fresh water, adopts every month potassium permanganate to sterilize to giant salamander body surface.
8. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the mode of forcing to tame and docile food is adopted in described one-tenth salamander breeding process, described pressure tames and dociles food for the partial removal by containing os osseum in forage fiss, pulp is cut into suitable size according to the size of giant salamander individuality, fish block clamped by the hawkbill wearing into blunt circle with tip portion, swing back and forth in giant salamander mouth, carry out food calling, repeatedly repeatedly carry out, until giant salamander initiatively can rob food, this is adopted to force to tame and docile food mode two months, giant salamander formation condition is reflected, pull the food do not eaten up in time out, prevent food because of the polluted water that rots.
9. giant salamander low light level cultural method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described close salamander cultivation adopts Ecology breeding mode, raise the giant salamander in 4 ages more than, 4 ~ 5 square metres, culturing pool face, suitable close salamander is selected to grow one section of natural river course with ripe mountain area, giant salamander original producton location, select one piece of tableland or ground, gentle slope, build artificial streamlet and cave, plant herbaceous plant at upper cave mulching soil, kind of a salamander is dropped into by male and female 1:1, raising water draws from mountain spring water, through building the stepped filtered water reservoir in 2 ~ 3, artificial streamlet upstream in before mountain spring water uses, giant salamander fry is fished in timing.
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