CN104542456A - Imitative ecological breeding method of giant salamanders - Google Patents
Imitative ecological breeding method of giant salamanders Download PDFInfo
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- CN104542456A CN104542456A CN201410695467.2A CN201410695467A CN104542456A CN 104542456 A CN104542456 A CN 104542456A CN 201410695467 A CN201410695467 A CN 201410695467A CN 104542456 A CN104542456 A CN 104542456A
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- 241000157862 Dicamptodontidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title abstract 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005869 estivation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 241000570011 Pomacea canaliculata Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269333 Caudata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283007 Cervus nippon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006820 DNA synthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001243 protein synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an imitative ecological breeding method of giant salamanders, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an imitative ecological breeding pond; laying pebbles at the bottom of the imitative ecological breeding pond; soaking the breeding pond with clear water for three months; controlling water temperature, water quality and dissolved oxygen in the breeding pond; soaking giant salamander fries with saline solution with concentration of 4 percent for 30 minutes; putting the giant salamander fries into the breeding pond; feeding the giant salamander fries. The method has the beneficial effects that a good growth environment is provided for the giant salamanders by constructing the imitative ecological breeding pond, the water temperature is kept at a temperature interval suitable for growth of the giant salamanders by using a water temperature control device to prevent hibernation or aestivation of the giant salamanders, keep the giant salamanders in a state of good feeding and growth trend and enable the giant salamanders to grow faster than wild giant salamanders, and the water in the breeding pond keeps rich dissolved oxygen by detecting the condition of the dissolved oxygen in the water with a dissolved oxygen detection device to promote the feeding of the giant salamanders, reduce diseases of the giant salamanders and improve the survival rate of artificial breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of aquaculture, particularly a kind of giant salamander Ecology cultural method.
Background technology
The giant salamander is being commonly called as of giant salamander, belongs to national secondary and lays special stress on protecting wildlife.China giant salamander is except Xinjiang, Tibet, the Inner Mongol.Heilungkiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Taiwan have no outside report, and all the other are economized, there is distribution in autonomous region, mainly originate in the mountain stream river in the Changjiang river, the Yellow River and Zhujiang River middle and upper reaches tributary, especially economize as many with Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Shaanxi etc.Giant salamander is liked the moon and keeps in dark place, and growth rate is comparatively slow, and taking 5 ~ 6 years under carded sliver part out of office can sexual maturity, and body weight reaches more than 500 grams, under artificial condition, also within more than at least 3 years, will reach commercial specification.Further, giant salamander artificial propagation is comparatively difficult.Therefore, cultivation is very not general, is only limitted to the minority plant on the ground such as Jiangsu, Hubei, Guangdong.But in recent years, the cultivation of the giant salamander is paid attention to widely, it is very potential famous-particular-excellent breed variety.The meat of the giant salamander is pure white fresh and tender, fertile and oiliness, flat flavor and delicious, in the protein of its muscle, contain 17 seed amino acids.Wherein 8 kinds is the amino acid of needed by human, and total amino acid content reaches 91.92%.Wherein essential amino acids content is 39.69%, higher than beef and Cervus nippon meat, meat taste is between the flesh of fish and meat of snake, the edible giant salamander can promote the DNA biosynthesis of cell, promotes that Human Physiology is active, improves a poor appetite, improve human body cell metaboilic level, improve blood circulation, promote human body protein synthesis, improve body immunity, resistance against diseases.Giant salamander is described as " living person's ginseng " in water, is a kind of famous and precious delicacies, and high-grade nourishing health treasure is Precious, Rare, Endangered water biological species.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of giant salamander Ecology cultural method, adopts the cultural method of Ecology, improves the survival rate of giant salamander, makes the growing way that giant salamander keeps good.
The present invention is solved the problems of the technologies described above by following technological means:
The invention provides a kind of giant salamander Ecology cultural method, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step one: set up Ecology culturing pool, for being equipped with cobble bottom described Ecology culturing pool, soaks three months by described culturing pool clear water;
Step 2: control the water temperature in described culturing pool, water quality and dissolved oxygen amount;
Step 3: adopt concentration be 4% saline solution soak 30 minutes giant salamander seedlings, described giant salamander seedling is rendered in described culturing pool;
Step 4: will feeding be carried out to described giant salamander seedling.
Further, the length of described Ecology culturing pool is 6m, and width is 5m;
Further, the cave that described Ecology culturing pool is divided into sunlight district and manually builds, described cave is built along culturing pool longitudinal side wall, described cave is formed with the concrete prefabricated board on culturing pool by bottom culturing pool, described concrete prefabricated board top is provided with argillic horizon and dirt bed successively from bottom to top, and described dirt bed is planted plant;
Further, the concrete steps controlling water temperature in culturing pool and water quality in described step 2 comprise,
Employing temperature-detecting device detects the water temperature in culturing pool in real time, when the water temperature in described culturing pool is higher than 26 DEG C, adopts cooler to lower the temperature to water temperature; When described water temperature is lower than 13 DEG C, heater is adopted to heat up to water temperature;
Employing water quality detecting device detects the pH value in described culturing pool, when the pH value of water in described culturing pool is lower than 6.5 or higher than 7.5, adds quicklime and regulates;
Employing dissolved oxygen amount checkout gear detects the dissolved oxygen amount in described culturing pool, when the dissolved oxygen amount of water in described culturing pool is lower than 5mg/L, adopts aerator to carry out oxygenation;
Further, the giant salamander seedling in described step 4 carries out feeding, and the bait of feeding is fresh and alive fish, shrimp and red line worm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: giant salamander Ecology cultural method, giant salamander is made to have good growing environment by building Ecology culturing pool, water temperature control device is adopted to keep water temperature to be suitable for the temperature range of giant salamander growth, prevent hibernation or the aestivation of giant salamander, giant salamander is in good feed and the growth impetus all the time, faster than field giant salamander growing way.Adopt dissolved oxygen amount checkout gear to detect the situation of dissolved oxygen in water, make the water in culturing pool keep abundant dissolved oxygen amount, promote giant salamander feed, reduce giant salamander disease, improve and propagate survival rate artificially.
Embodiment
Giant salamander Ecology cultural method of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one: set up Ecology culturing pool, for being equipped with cobble bottom described Ecology culturing pool, soaks three months by described culturing pool clear water.Cobble is laid, with Ecology environment bottom culturing pool.Newly-built culturing pool, soaks three months with clear water, just can put into giant salamander seedling after the alkalescence of culturing pool is disappeared.
Step 2: control the water temperature in described culturing pool, water quality and dissolved oxygen amount.Giant salamander is very harsh to growing environment, and the water temperature in culturing pool, water quality and dissolved oxygen amount are that giant salamander grows fast, improves the key of survival rate.The survival rate that giant salamander seedling provides giant salamander is put into again after water temperature in culturing pool, water quality and dissolved oxygen amount being regulated.
Step 3: employing concentration is saline solution immersion 20 ~ 30 minutes giant salamander seedlings of 4%, to the disinfection of giant salamander seedling, can effectively prevent the body surface of fungus and bacterium from infecting, then the giant salamander seedling after just sterilizing is rendered in described culturing pool.
Step 4: will feeding be carried out to described giant salamander seedling.Giant salamander is very high to the requirement of bait, must be fresh and alive fish, shrimp, shellfish, the frog, worm etc.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the length of described Ecology culturing pool is 6m, and width is 5m.Giant salamander seedling and young salamander play together with liking being gregarious in, can the cultivation of density greatly, are convenient to aquaculture management.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the cave that described Ecology culturing pool is divided into sunlight district and manually builds, described cave is built along culturing pool longitudinal side wall, described cave is formed with the concrete prefabricated board on culturing pool by bottom culturing pool, described concrete prefabricated board top is provided with argillic horizon and dirt bed successively from bottom to top, and described dirt bed is planted plant.Argillic horizon and dirt bed are used for being incubated cave, heat insulation, sound insulation, make the water temperature in cave remain on suitable temperature range.Can be giant salamander and lucifuge, peace and quiet, clean Ecology environment be provided, giant salamander to perch temperature relatively stable, survival rate is high.Ecology culturing pool top is provided with rotary spray water inlet pipe, changes the water in culturing pool, improves the dissolved oxygen amount of water.Be provided with drainpipe in the middle of bottom culturing pool, be convenient to effluent sewerage.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the concrete steps controlling water temperature in culturing pool and water quality in described step 2 comprise,
Employing temperature-detecting device detects the water temperature in culturing pool in real time, when the water temperature in described culturing pool is higher than 25 DEG C, adopts cooler to lower the temperature to water temperature; When described water temperature is lower than 13 DEG C, heater is adopted to heat water temperature.Employing temperature-detecting device detects the water temperature in culturing pool in real time, cooler or heater is adopted to make water temperature remain in the scope of 13 ~ 25 DEG C, hibernation or the aestivation of giant salamander can not be caused, make the feed that giant salamander keeps active, be in the impetus of growth always, faster than the growth growing way of field giant salamander like this, also more easily make giant salamander sexual maturity more fast.
Employing water quality detecting device detects the pH value in described culturing pool, when the pH value of water in described culturing pool is lower than 6.5 or higher than 7.5, adds quicklime and carries out regulating the pH value making water to be between 6.5 ~ 7.5.
Employing dissolved oxygen amount checkout gear detects the dissolved oxygen amount in described culturing pool, when the dissolved oxygen amount of water in described culturing pool is lower than 3.5mg/L, adopts aerator to carry out oxygenation.Dissolved oxygen in water to the feed of fish, to digest and assimilate and the growth rate of fish all can have an impact.Adopt aerator oxygenation to reduce giant salamander because of hypoxia death or sick, improve the survival rate of artificial feeding giant salamander.When the dissolved oxygen amount in water enriches the disease that can reduce giant salamander, be conducive to giant salamander growth.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the giant salamander seedling in described step 4 carries out feeding, and the bait of feeding is fresh and alive fish, shrimp and red line worm.With fresh and alive fish, shrimp, crab, the frog, worm and pluck as well, its bait feeding is the same with fish culture bait feeding for giant salamander bait, should accomplish that " four fixed " namely " regularly, locate, determine matter, quantitative ".Regularly, according to giant salamander activity situation, throw something and feed and how to carry out between the lights; Location, bait placement position near giant salamander cave, should be convenient to lazy giant salamander and take food; Determine matter, giant salamander requires comparatively tight to food quality, require fresh and alive, and can not change too large to the kind of bait, avoids giant salamander food refusal; Quantitatively, giant salamander is voracious, and feeding amount should from less to more, incremental, generally throws something and feeds by 10 ~ 15% of body weight, also suitably should adjust according to situations such as water temperature, weather conditions, giant salamander are individual when specifically throwing something and feeding.In addition, when giant salamander bait feeding is eaten food, giant salamander should be kept as far as possible not frightened, avoid it to tell food.The bait of the remnants in culturing pool to be cleaned out in time, avoid bait to destroy water quality.Also can raise Pomacea canaliculata in culturing pool, Pomacea canaliculata can eat up remaining bait, makes water keep pure and fresh cleaning.
Giant salamander, through cultivating after a while, there will be individuality not of uniform size, and in order to prevent, the weak are the prey of the strong, regularly to be beneficial to normal growth by large, medium and small different size classification cultivation and grows.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. giant salamander Ecology cultural method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step one: set up Ecology culturing pool, for being equipped with cobble bottom described Ecology culturing pool, soaks three months by described culturing pool clear water;
Step 2: control the water temperature in described culturing pool, water quality and dissolved oxygen amount;
Step 3: adopt concentration be 4% saline solution soak 30 minutes giant salamander seedlings, described giant salamander seedling is rendered in described culturing pool;
Step 4: will feeding be carried out to described giant salamander seedling.
2. giant salamander Ecology cultural method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of described Ecology culturing pool is 6m, and width is 5m.
3. giant salamander Ecology cultural method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the cave that described Ecology culturing pool is divided into sunlight district and manually builds, described cave is built along culturing pool longitudinal side wall, described cave is formed with the concrete prefabricated board on culturing pool by bottom culturing pool, described concrete prefabricated board top is provided with argillic horizon and dirt bed successively from bottom to top, and described dirt bed is planted plant.
4. giant salamander Ecology cultural method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete steps controlling water temperature in culturing pool and water quality in described step 2 comprise,
Employing temperature-detecting device detects the water temperature in culturing pool in real time, when the water temperature in described culturing pool is higher than 26 DEG C, adopts cooler to lower the temperature to water temperature; When described water temperature is lower than 13 DEG C, heater is adopted to heat up to water temperature;
Employing water quality detecting device detects the pH value in described culturing pool, when the pH value of water in described culturing pool is lower than 6.5 or higher than 7.5, adds quicklime and regulates;
Employing dissolved oxygen amount checkout gear detects the dissolved oxygen amount in described culturing pool, when the dissolved oxygen amount of water in described culturing pool is lower than 5mg/L, adopts aerator to carry out oxygenation.
5. giant salamander Ecology cultural method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the giant salamander seedling in described step 4 carries out feeding, and the bait of feeding is fresh and alive fish, shrimp and red line worm.
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| CN201410695467.2A CN104542456A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Imitative ecological breeding method of giant salamanders |
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| CN201410695467.2A Pending CN104542456A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Imitative ecological breeding method of giant salamanders |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104938415A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 西南大学 | Method for bionic breeding of andrias davidianus |
| CN105340833A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-02-24 | 广元市顺发农业开发有限公司 | Low-light culturing method for giant salamanders |
| CN106172187A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | A kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeding method |
| CN106614342A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-10 | 庞倩媚 | Breeding method for giant salamander |
| CN111333173A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-26 | 杨淑桃 | Self-oxygenation type microorganism sewage treatment tank |
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| CN111333173A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-26 | 杨淑桃 | Self-oxygenation type microorganism sewage treatment tank |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |