CN104145868B - A kind of method improving pond loach fry survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of method improving pond loach fry survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145868B CN104145868B CN201410427568.1A CN201410427568A CN104145868B CN 104145868 B CN104145868 B CN 104145868B CN 201410427568 A CN201410427568 A CN 201410427568A CN 104145868 B CN104145868 B CN 104145868B
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- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 4
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- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of method improving pond loach fry survival rate.The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of new method for improving loach fish shoot survival percent.Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of method improving pond loach fry survival rate, comprises the steps: a, pond transformation; B, lay eggs before preparation; C, loach spawning and hatching; D, to support temporarily.The inventive method effectively can improve the survival rate of loach fry, has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of method improving pond loach fry survival rate.
Background technology
The loach that loach is under the jurisdiction of in Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes) Cobitidae (Cobitidae) flower loach subfamily (Cobitinae) belongs to (Misgurnuslacpde), it is economic fish of dwelling at a group small-sized end be distributed widely in the poisons in freshwaters such as China's rivers, lake, pond, rivers and canals and rice field, wherein with loach [Misgurnusanguillicaudatus (cantor)] and Misgurnus auguillicaudatus (ParamisgurnusdabryanusSauvage) the most common, be also propagate kind the most common artificially.Loach viability is strong, recipe is wide, its meat is tender delicious, and there is certain medical value, be called as " in water ginseng ", and strong adaptability, disease is few, survival rate is high, fertility is strong, strong stress resistance, convenient transportation, easy cultivation, bait is easy to get, aquaculture cost is low, the advantages such as fast growth, be listed in one of special aquatic products product cultivation kind, loach is not only popular at home, in Japan, the same dark favor by broad masses of the country such as Korea S, therefore there is wide market development prospect, one of well sold and in short supply aquatic products on international market are now become.Along with the continuous increase of the demand of loach and the day by day exhausted of wild loach, the high yield large-scale cultivation of loach is imperative.The seed rearing of loach is the key technique of the highly efficient and productive technology of loach breeding, but the survival rate of the seed rearing of loach is average less than 30% at present, is the technical bottleneck of loach breeding.The loach fry Cultivating techniques now adopted aborning is traditional fish Cultivating techniques, namely be the breeding completing loach in independently spawning and hatching facility, the loach shoot root obtained proceeds to loach seedling according to the developmental condition of weather, loach seedling and knowhow in the past in good time and cultivates pond, to realize transferring from artificial propagation the production process propagated artificially to.That is, artificial propagation and to propagate artificially be complete in two different water environments, completing this pond that turns needs to implement to fish for loach seedling, transports, the technical measures such as to put in a suitable place to breed.The loach seedling that artificial propagation obtains proceeds to Cultivated water from hatching waters, it is several unfavorable to exist: one is high to pool technical requirement under loach seedling, lower pool opportunity of the standard on the pool, loach seedling under such as loach seedling, loach seedling put technology etc. in a suitable place to breed, these are all unfavorable for that raiser grasps, and cause loach seedling to enter pond survival rate low; Two is loach seedlings proceeds to Cultivated water from hatching waters, and because the physical and chemical index of water body is different with Biological indicators, the sudden change of living environment, for firm membrane loach seedling in delicate health soon, is unfavorable for that it is survived, causes survival rate to decline.Three is turn in the process of pond, and technical measures such as fishing for loach seedling, transport, put in a suitable place to breed are great injuries for loach seedling, are unfavorable for the raising of loach shoot survival percent.Therefore, in loach breeding, improving the survival rate that loach seedling is cultivated, is unavoidable technical barrier in loach seedling cultivating process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of new method for improving loach fish shoot survival percent.
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of method improving pond loach fry survival rate, comprises the steps:
A, pond transformation: the size of cultivating pond according to loach fry, near water inlet, build the hatching accounting for this pond gross area 1 ~ 2% in pond support platform temporarily, hatching is supported platform table top temporarily and is exceeded 10 ~ 15 centimetres than at the bottom of this pond, pond, and hatching is supported temporarily between platform and pond and separated with 30 ~ 40 mesh sieve tulle cloth that can remove;
B, lay eggs before preparation: drain Chi Shui, in 666.7 square metres of ratios with quicklime 50 kilograms, by full pool spilling head stir bed mud in time while hot after molten for quicklime water; Within one day, inject 20 ~ 30 centimetres, the water filtered through 40 ~ 60 object screen windows in backward pond, in pond, apply biological organic fertilizer 100 ~ 150 kilograms by 666.7 square metres simultaneously; Sprinkle into probiotics water transfer to the every day before putting into close loach to pond after water filling, by 666.7 square metres each 300 ~ 500 grams, described photosynthetic bacteria concentration is viable count>=3 × 10
8cfu/g;
C, loach spawning and hatching: loach mating season, support temporarily in hatching and close loach is set above platform lays eggs case, case area of laying eggs be not more than hatching support temporarily table top long-pending 1/3rd, the close loach after injection ocyodinic is put in case, breeding density is with loach breeding pond areal calculation, for every 666.7 square metres of female close loach 100 ~ 120 tails, male close loach 150 ~ 180 tail; Make it at natural spawning fertilization in case of laying eggs, fertilized egg the falling case that to lay eggs is supported temporarily on platform in hatching and is completed hatching;
D, to support temporarily: want after loach seedling incubation of membrane in time the yolk water boiled and shrimp med open-mouthed bait are evenly splashed and to support temporarily on platform in hatching; Splash every day with probiotics, keep breeding water body to have fertilizer, work, refreshing characteristic; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5 ~ 2 centimetres of body, can withdraw from the bolting silk screen cloth of isolating spawning and hatching platform and pond, allow loach seedling leave spawning and hatching platform freely.
Further, in step a, hatching is supported temporarily platform cement brick and to be cut into and floor tile paving makes table top smooth, and installs micro-pore oxygenation facility.
Preferably, distance hatching to be supported temporarily above platform about 2 ~ 2.5 meters and is built and be not less than hatching and support the long-pending sunshade net of table top temporarily.
Concrete, the biological organic fertilizer described in step b is the chicken manure through harmless treatment.
Concrete, the probiotics described in step b is photosynthetic bacteria or bacillus, and concentration is viable count>=3 × 10
8cfu/g.
Concrete, during step c incubating oosperm, open oxygenation facility in front and back at dusk with the period of supporting temporarily of steps d, the available machine time will be extended down to second day sun and out stop.
Concrete, the fertilizer described in step c refers to water transparency 20 ~ 30cm, and described work refers to that water body water colour has diurnal variation, described refreshingly refers to that the suspension in water body except plankton is few.
In the present invention, when limewash is to pond disinfection, limewash to be sprinkled hatching simultaneously simultaneously and support on platform temporarily, table top is carried out disinfection; Sterilize the water injected in backward pond through screen window strictly filters time, the water filling degree of depth is supported table top 10 ~ 15 centimetres be temporarily advisable to be flooded hatching.Forbid close loach to jump out case of laying eggs and enter pond; Should open oxygenation facility in time according to weather conditions, especially support period during incubating oosperm and after loach seedling membrane temporarily and should adhere to opening oxygenation facility at dusk, the available machine time will extend to second day sun and out just can stop; During spawning and hatching, antiultraviolet to rise to the injury of fertilized egg and local water temperature and cause the damage of fertilized egg and loach seedling too soon; Want after loach seedling membrane in time the open-mouthed baits such as loach seedling yolk water and shrimp med evenly to be splashed in hatching temporarily foster platform; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5 ~ 2 centimetres of body, can withdraw from the bolting silk screen cloth of isolating spawning and hatching platform and pond, allow loach seedling leave spawning and hatching platform freely.
Filtering in step b of the present invention is should try one's best strictly, and other macro-organisms can not be had to enter pond with current.The soya-bean milk substituting use in tradition cultivation with probiotics in steps d, plays the object of rich water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: traditional loach fry cultivating survival rate is on average less than 30%, and the loach fry cultivating survival rate at most loach breeding family is less than 10%.The egg reproduction of traditional loach and seed rearing two links are placed in different pond waters to complete to change into and complete in same pond waters by the inventive method, be combined probiotics regulating water quality, the survival rate that the survival rate realizing loach fry cultivation is cultivated than conventional art improves more than 30% ~ 50%, greatly improve pond loach fish shoot survival percent, be with a wide range of applications.
Embodiment
Embodiment adopts the inventive method to carry out loach breeding
1, pond transformation: the size of cultivating pond according to loach fry, near water inlet, build the hatching accounting for this pond gross area 1% ~ 2% in pond support platform temporarily, this hatching is supported platform table top temporarily and is exceeded about 10 ~ 15 centimetres than at the bottom of this pond, pond, available cement brick is cut into and floor tile paving makes table top smooth, and installs micro-pore oxygenation facility; Hatching is supported temporarily between platform and pond and is separated with 30 ~ 40 mesh sieve tulle cloth that can remove; Distance hatching to be supported temporarily above platform about 2 meters and should be built and amass slightly large sunshade net than the temporary foster table top of hatching, to ensure that hatching supports platform temporarily not by direct irradiation of sunlight.
2, the preparation before laying eggs: loach fry is cultivated the preparation before putting in a suitable place to breed according to ordinary pond fry before pond uses and carried out, and namely 1. drains Chi Shui, every 666.7 square metres with quicklime 50 kilograms, after molten water, full pool spilling head also stirs bed mud in time while hot; 2. within one day, inject 20 ~ 30 centimetres, the water strictly filtered through screen window in backward pond, in pond, apply the chicken manure (biological organic fertilizer) 100 ~ 150 kilograms through harmless treatment simultaneously; 3. after water filling, every day sprinkles into photosynthetic bacteria water transfer (viable count>=3 × 10 in pond
8cfu/g), each 300 ~ 500 grams.
3, loach spawning and hatching with support temporarily: loach mating season directly build the hatching of hatch the loach breeding pond of supporting platform temporarily support temporarily to arrange above platform close loach lay eggs case (case area of laying eggs account for hatch and supports that table top amasss temporarily 1/3rd or less), the close loach after injection ocyodinic is put in case, breeding density is with loach breeding pond areal calculation, for every 666.7 square metres of about female close loach 100 tails, about male close loach 150 tail; Make it at natural spawning fertilization in case of laying eggs, fertilized egg the falling case that to lay eggs is supported temporarily on platform in hatching and is completed hatching, and continues to be developed to free-swimming mud fish fry at this; Support period temporarily, artitificial food should be splashed uniformly and hatched temporary supporting on platform.
4, probiotics water transfer: no matter be before loach seedling membrane or after membrane, pond waters adheres to using probiotics water transfer every day, especially after loach seedling membrane, adhere to that every day splashes with probiotics Substitute For Partial soya-bean milk, keep breeding water body to have the characteristic of fertilizer (transparency 20 ~ 30cm), (water colour has diurnal variation) alive, refreshing (suspension except plankton is few).
5, points for attention and daily management: when limewash is to pond disinfection, will sprinkle hatching simultaneously simultaneously and support on platform temporarily, carry out disinfection to table top by limewash; Sterilize the water injected in backward pond through screen window strictly filters time, the water filling degree of depth is supported table top 10 ~ 15 centimetres be temporarily advisable to be flooded hatching.Forbid close loach to jump out case of laying eggs and enter pond; Should open oxygenation facility in time according to weather conditions, especially support period during incubating oosperm and after loach seedling membrane temporarily and should adhere to opening oxygenation facility at dusk, the available machine time will extend to second day sun and out just can stop; During spawning and hatching, antiultraviolet to rise to the injury of fertilized egg and local water temperature and cause the damage of fertilized egg and loach seedling too soon; Want after loach seedling membrane in time the open-mouthed baits such as loach seedling yolk water and shrimp med evenly to be splashed in hatching temporarily foster platform; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5 ~ 2 centimetres of body, can withdraw from the bolting silk screen cloth of isolating spawning and hatching platform and pond, allow loach seedling leave spawning and hatching platform freely.
Certain loach breeding Co., Ltd, utilizes the method to carry out the production of loach seedling, and the average survival that loach seedling is cultivated is 30% ~ 35%, reaches as high as more than 85%, and survival rate improves more than 30% ~ 50%; Reach the specification of 3.3cm from loach seedling membrane, growth time shortens 2 ~ 4 days than conventional method required time, and culture benefit improves 60% ~ 100%.
Claims (6)
1. improve a method for pond loach fry survival rate, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A, pond transformation: the size of cultivating pond according to loach fry, near water inlet, build the hatching accounting for this pond gross area 1 ~ 2% in pond support platform temporarily, hatching is supported platform table top temporarily and is exceeded 10 ~ 15 centimetres than at the bottom of this pond, pond, and hatching is supported temporarily between platform and pond and separated with 30 ~ 40 mesh sieve tulle cloth that can remove;
B, lay eggs before preparation: drain Chi Shui, in 666.7 square metres of ratios with quicklime 50 kilograms, by full pool spilling head stir bed mud in time while hot after molten for quicklime water; Within one day, inject 20 ~ 30 centimetres, the water filtered through 40 ~ 60 object screen windows in backward pond, in pond, apply biological organic fertilizer 100 ~ 150 kilograms by 666.7 square metres simultaneously; Sprinkle into probiotics water transfer to the every day before putting into close loach to pond after water filling, by 666.7 square metres each 300 ~ 500 grams, photosynthetic bacteria concentration is viable count>=3 × 10
8cfu/g;
C, loach spawning and hatching: loach mating season, support temporarily in hatching and close loach is set above platform lays eggs case, case area of laying eggs be not more than hatching support temporarily table top long-pending 1/3rd, the close loach after injection ocyodinic is put in case, breeding density is with loach breeding pond areal calculation, for every 666.7 square metres of female close loach 100 ~ 120 tails, male close loach 150 ~ 180 tail; Make it at natural spawning fertilization in case of laying eggs, fertilized egg the falling case that to lay eggs is supported temporarily on platform in hatching and is completed hatching;
D, to support temporarily: want after loach seedling incubation of membrane in time the yolk water boiled and shrimp med open-mouthed bait are evenly splashed and to support temporarily on platform in hatching; Splash every day with probiotics, keep breeding water body to have fertilizer, work, refreshing characteristic; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5 ~ 2 centimetres of body, can withdraw from the bolting silk screen cloth of isolating spawning and hatching platform and pond, allow loach seedling leave spawning and hatching platform freely.
2. the as claimed in claim 1 method improving pond loach fry survival rate, is characterized in that: in step a, hatching is supported platform cement brick temporarily and to be built into and floor tile paving makes table top smooth, and installs micro-pore oxygenation facility.
3. the as claimed in claim 1 or 2 method improving pond loach fry survival rate, is characterized in that: distance hatching to be supported above platform 2 ~ 2.5 meters temporarily and built and be not less than hatching and support the long-pending sunshade net of table top temporarily.
4. the method improving pond loach fry survival rate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the biological organic fertilizer described in step b is the chicken manure through harmless treatment.
5. the method improving pond loach fry survival rate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: during step c incubating oosperm, open oxygenation facility in front and back at dusk with the period of supporting temporarily of steps d, the available machine time will be extended down to second day sun and out stop.
6. the method improving pond loach fry survival rate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the fertilizer described in steps d refers to water transparency 20 ~ 30cm, described work refers to that water body water colour has diurnal variation, described refreshingly refers to that the suspension in water body except plankton is few.
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| CN105284675B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-07-03 | 远睿生物科技有限公司 | A kind of biological feed preparation method for breeding loach |
| CN105210949A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of method that loach fry maintenance is cultivated |
| CN109511582A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-26 | 潜江市昌贵水产食品股份有限公司 | A kind of aquatic green cultural method |
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