CN106259220B

CN106259220B - Ecological breeding method of sebastiscus marmoratus larva initial feed

Info

Publication number: CN106259220B
Application number: CN201610685465.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘永士; 谢永德; 施永海; 张海明; 严银龙
Original assignee: Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute
Current assignee: Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute
Priority date: 2016-08-18
Filing date: 2016-08-18
Publication date: 2019-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-18
Also published as: CN106259220A

Abstract

An ecological breeding method of sebastes marmoratus larva initial feed is characterized in that a feed breeding pond is provided with cement or film side slopes, the bottom is impervious mud or silt, the water depth is 1-2 m, and independent water feeding and discharging facilities and an aerator are arranged; in 12-1 month of the following year of the gregorian calendar each year, a 20ppm bleaching powder water-carrying disinfection bait culture pond is used, after 2 days, the pond is disinfected by a 150 kg/mu quicklime dry pond, after one week of insolation, water is fed, a 60-mesh silk net is sleeved at a water inlet, a water source is natural river water, and the salinity is 1.2-2.0; after the bait culture pond enters water for one week, the pond water is yellow green, and copepods are collected from other ponds and inoculated to the bait culture pond; after the copepods are inoculated, breeding the palaemon carinicauda and the two-instar coilia ectenes, and feeding the compound feed for the prawns for 1 time every day; when the water temperature rises to above 15 ℃, collecting small zooplankton such as copepoda nauplius, small protozoa and rotifer as initial feed for sebastiscus marmoratus fry.

Description

Ecological breeding method of sebastiscus marmoratus larva initial feed

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for cultivating fish bait, in particular to an ecological method for cultivating sebastiscus marmoratus larva initial feed.

Background

Sebastes marmoratus (sebastes marmoratus) belongs to sebastes marmoratus, sebastes subfamily, sebastes family and sebastes genus are widely distributed in coastal and settlement island reef fishes, are high in releasing and recapture rate, are tender in meat quality, delicious in taste and high in economic value, and are one of the best types of marine ranching industry and fishing leisure tourism industry. In recent years, sebastes marmoratus resources are increasingly exhausted due to continuous upgrading of marine fishery tools, continuous temperature rise of leisure fishing and the like, so that research on manual breeding technology of sebastes marmoratus is necessary to be timely developed, and the primary problem of fingerling breeding of sebastes marmoratus is the problem of opening of larval fish. At present, the initial feed for fish fries is mainly rotifer generally, the breeding period of sebastes marmoratus is winter and spring, two peak periods are provided, namely 11-12 months and 2-4 months respectively, the breeding of the rotifer cannot meet the requirement of factory breeding of the sebastes marmoratus in the period, some types of copepods have the characteristics of small size, fast breeding and wide-temperature and wide-salinity, so that the nauplius can be obtained as the initial feed for the fish fries under the low-temperature condition, and researches show that the copepods are rich in high unsaturated fatty acid necessary for two fishes, namely EPA and DHA and are excellent natural feeds for the fish, and the copepods are from the nauplius to adults and provide wide feeds for the fish fries in 12 development periods. Therefore, the development of artificial breeding of the copepoda nauplius larva becomes an important breakthrough for solving the problem of the opening of sebastes marmoratus larva.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ecological breeding method of sebastiscus marmoratus initial feed, which creates conditions for large-scale artificial breeding of sebastiscus marmoratus.

The technical scheme of the invention comprises the preparation of a bait culture pond, and the inoculation and collection of copepods, and is characterized in that the bait culture pond is provided with a cement or film side slope, the bottom is impervious mud or silt, the water depth is 1-2 m, the top is an artificially constructed steel wire plastic greenhouse, and an independent water inlet and outlet facility and an aerator are arranged; in 12-1 month of the following year of the gregorian calendar each year, a pond is cultivated by using 20ppm bleaching powder water-carrying disinfection bait, after 2 days, the bottom water of the pond is drained, then 150 kg/mu of quicklime is used for carrying out dry pond disinfection, after one week of insolation, water is fed, a 60-mesh silk net is sleeved at a water inlet, a water source is natural river water, and the salinity is 1.2-2.0; after water enters the bait culture pond for one week, the pond water is yellow green, copepods are collected from other ponds and inoculated to the bait culture pond, and the copepods in the bait culture pond are 0.5-1 per ml; after the bait culture pond is inoculated with copepods, breeding the palaemon carinicauda and the coilia ectenes of the second instar, wherein the breeding density of the palaemon carinicauda is 3-6 kg/mu, the breeding density of the coilia ectenes of the second instar is 300-500 tails/mu, and feeding the compound feed for the prawns for 1 time every day; when the water temperature rises to be more than 15 ℃, a large number of copepoda nauplii, a small number of small protozoa, rotifers and other small zooplankton appear in the bait breeding pond, and the copepoda nauplii, the small protozoa, the rotifers and other small zooplankton are collected to be used as initial feeding for the sebastiscus marmoratus larva.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding characteristics that: 1) the problem that initial bait cannot be obtained in a low-temperature season in the cultivating process of sebastes marmoratus offspring seeds is solved; 2) by utilizing the greenhouse technology, a large amount of opening baits can be obtained 1 month in advance, and a foundation is laid for the industrial breeding of sebastes marmoratus; 3) by using a biological inhibition method, a large amount of initial baits can be collected from the middle and last ten days of 3 months to the beginning of 6 months; 4) the palaemon carinicauda and the second-instar coilia ectenes are mainly used for inhibiting large-scale zooplankton in the bait culture pond, so that the population quantity of the copepods nauplius larvae is ensured; the introduction of the palaemon carinicauda and the coilia ectenes of the second age also fully utilizes the space of the bait culture pond, excavates the production potential of the bait culture pond, improves the utilization efficiency of the water body, expands the water body productivity, increases the pond output and improves the economic benefit.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the implementation mode comprises the steps of preparing a bait culture pond, inoculating and collecting copepods, wherein the bait culture pond is provided with a cement or film side slope, the bottom is impervious mud or silt, the water depth is 1-2 m, the top is an artificially constructed steel wire plastic greenhouse, and an independent water inlet and outlet facility and an aerator are arranged; in 12-1 month of the following year of the gregorian calendar each year, a pond is cultivated by using 20ppm bleaching powder with water to disinfect bait, after 2 days, the water at the bottom of the pond is pumped out, then a 150 kg/mu quicklime dry pond is used for disinfection, after one week of insolation, water is fed in, a 60-mesh silk net is sleeved at a water inlet, a water source is natural river water, and the salinity is 1.2-2.0; after water enters the bait culture pond for one week, the pond water is yellow green, copepods are collected from other ponds and inoculated to the bait culture pond, and the copepods in the bait culture pond are 0.5-1 per ml; after the copepods are inoculated in the bait culture pond, stocking the palaemon carinicauda and the coilia ectenes of the second instar, wherein the stocking density of the palaemon carinicauda is 3-6 kg/mu, the stocking density of the coilia ectenes of the second instar is 300-500 tails/mu, and feeding the compound feed for the prawns for 1 time every day; the palaemon carinicauda and the second-instar coilia ectenes are mainly used for inhibiting large-scale zooplankton in the bait culture pond, so that the population quantity of the copepods nauplius larvae is ensured; when the water temperature rises to above 15 ℃, a large number of copepoda nauplii, a small number of small protozoa, rotifers and other small zooplankton appear in the bait breeding pond, and at the moment, the copepoda nauplii, the small protozoa, the rotifers and other small zooplankton can be collected to be used as initial feeding for the sebastiscus marmoratus larva.

Example two: according to the method described in the embodiment I, on the 2 nd day after sebastes marmoratus larva hatches, part of sebastes marmoratus larva is fed with starter feed, the collected starter feed for sebastes marmoratus larva is fed into a breeding pond, so that the copepoda nauplius larva, small protozoa and rotifer small zooplankton in the breeding pond are kept at 5-8/ml, and the feeding is finished after 10 days, and the result shows that the survival rate of 10-day-old sebastes marmoratus is 53.3%.

Example three: according to the mode of the embodiment I, the bait cultivation pool is close to a seedling raising field, the transportation is convenient, the water source is sufficient, the pool is rectangular, and the area is 1900-4400 m²2 1.5KW oxygen increasing machines are arranged.

Example four: according to the mode of the embodiment I, the method for collecting copepods from other ponds and inoculating the copepods to the bait cultivation pond is to make a support frame in the pond, horizontally place a submersible pump with the power of 2.2KW, the lift of 7m and the caliber of 102mm under water 30-50 cm away from the water surface, connect a spiral steel wire water hose with the caliber of 102mm with a water outlet, connect a tee joint behind the water hose, use a 60-mesh bolting silk net system at two water outlets of the tee joint, start the submersible pump to operate, collect zooplanktons (mainly copepods) in the 60-mesh bolting silk net, and place the zooplanktons in the bait cultivation pond.

Example five: according to the mode of the embodiment I, the method for collecting the small zooplankton such as the copepoda nauplius, the small protozoa and the rotifer in the bait breeding pond is that a support frame is made in the bait breeding pond, a submersible pump with the power of 2.2KW, the lift of 7m and the caliber of 102mm is horizontally placed under water 30-50 cm away from the water surface, a spiral steel wire water hose with the caliber of 102mm is connected to a water outlet, a tee joint is connected behind the water hose, a 130-mesh bolting silk net is tied at two water outlets of the tee joint, the copepoda nauplius is obtained by filtering with a 100-mesh silk net, the small protozoa and the rotifer small zooplankton are used as the feed for the limonitids and the young fish, and the large zooplankton which does not pass through the 100-mesh silk net is placed back to the pond.

Claims

1. An ecological breeding method of sebastes marmoratus larva initial feeding comprises the steps of preparing a feeding breeding pond, inoculating and collecting copepoda, and is characterized in that the feeding breeding pond is provided with a cement or film side slope, the bottom is impervious mud or silt, the water depth is 1-2 m, the top is a manually constructed steel wire plastic greenhouse, and an independent water inlet and outlet facility and an oxygen increasing machine are arranged; in 12-1 month of the following year of the gregorian calendar each year, a pond is cultivated by using 20ppm bleaching powder water-carrying disinfection bait, after 2 days, the bottom water of the pond is drained, then 150 kg/mu of quicklime is used for carrying out dry pond disinfection, after one week of insolation, water is fed, a 60-mesh silk net is sleeved at a water inlet, a water source is natural river water, and the salinity is 1.2-2.0; after water enters the bait culture pond for one week, the pond water is yellow green, copepods are collected from other ponds and inoculated to the bait culture pond, and the copepods in the bait culture pond are 0.5-1 per ml; after the bait culture pond is inoculated with copepods, breeding the palaemon carinicauda and the coilia ectenes of the second instar, wherein the breeding density of the palaemon carinicauda is 3-6 kg/mu, the breeding density of the coilia ectenes of the second instar is 300-500 tails/mu, and feeding the compound feed for the prawns for 1 time every day; when the water temperature rises to be more than 15 ℃, a large amount of copepoda nauplii, a small amount of small protozoa and rotifers appear in the bait breeding pond, and the copepoda nauplii, the small protozoas and the rotifers are collected to be used as initial feeding for sebastiscus marmoratus larvae.

2. The ecological breeding method of sebastes marmoratus larva initial feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collected sebastes marmoratus larva initial feed is fed into a nursery pond, so that the copepoda nauplii, small protozoa and rotifer in the nursery pond are kept at 5-8/ml.

3. The ecological breeding method of sebastiscus marmoratus initial feed according to claim 1, wherein the bait breeding pond is rectangular in shape of a pond and has an area of 1900-4400 m²2 1.5KW oxygen increasing machines are arranged.

4. The ecological breeding method of sebastes marmoratus initial feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for collecting copepodes from other ponds and inoculating the copepodes into a feed breeding pond is to use a support frame in the pond, horizontally place a submersible pump with the power of 2.2KW, the lift of 7m and the caliber of 102mm under water 30-50 cm away from the water surface, connect a spiral steel wire water hose with the caliber of 102mm with a water outlet, connect a tee joint with the water hose, tie a 60-mesh bolting silk net at two water outlets of the tee joint, start the submersible pump to operate, collect zooplankton in the 60-mesh bolting silk net and place the zooplankton in the feed breeding pond.

5. The ecological breeding method of sebastes marmoratus initial feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for collecting the copepodes nauplii, the small protozoa and the rotifers in the bait breeding pond is to use a support frame in the bait breeding pond, horizontally place a submersible pump with the power of 2.2KW, the lift of 7m and the caliber of 102mm under water 30-50 cm away from the water surface, connect a spiral steel wire soft water pipe with the caliber of 102mm with a water outlet, connect the soft water pipe with a tee joint, tie a 130-mesh bolting silk net at two water outlets of the tee joint, filter the bolting silk net with 100 meshes to obtain the copepodes nauplii, and the small protozoa and the rotifers are used as the sebastes marmoratus primary feed for the larval fish.