CN109699537B - Breeding method of stichopus japonicus artificial seedlings - Google Patents
Breeding method of stichopus japonicus artificial seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method of stichopus japonicus artificial offspring seeds, which comprises the steps of parent stichopus japonicus cultivation, artificial stimulation egg collection, fertilized egg incubation, larva cultivation, seedling collection, young stichopus japonicus cultivation and the like. The method explores the optimal time and method for artificially stimulating and collecting the stichopus japonicus selenka roe and the cultivation method of the ear-shaped larva, the young stichopus japonicus selenka and the young stichopus japonicus selenka, optimizes the collecting tool in the pond-dumping process of the young stichopus japonicus selenka and the young stichopus japonicus selenka, and obviously improves the survival rate of the young stichopus japonicus selenka and the young stichopus japonicus selenka.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a breeding method of stichopus japonicus artificial seedlings.
Background
Stichopus japonicus selenka, school name: stichopus variegatus is a marine animal of Apostichopus genus of Apostichopus family, commonly known as "yellow meat" and "square ginseng", is thick and tender in meat quality, and is a high-quality edible sea cucumber. The protein content of the stichopus japonicus selenka is 73.81 percent, the fat content is 1.51 percent, the total amount of amino acid is 66.46 percent, the unsaturated fatty acid content is 39.25 percent, and the polyunsaturated fatty acid content is 5.56 percent. Has the characteristics of high protein and low fat, has very high nutritional value, health care function and economic value, and the product is not in demand in the domestic market. In the world, stichopus japonicus is also an important edible tropical sea cucumber variety and a top-grade aquatic product for earning foreign exchange in export. Geographic distribution: taiwan, Guangxi 28064, Zhou island, Guangdong island of Salmo, Hainan island and Xisha island; the west has distribution from madagascar, sang-barr and red sea, eastern to galolin archipels, north to southern japan, south to lode-hao islands in australia.
However, according to the current Stichopus japonicus fry breeding technical research, a second report about the successful breeding of Stichopus japonicus fry is not seen in China except the news report of the inventor. There are two main problems: firstly, the success rate of egg collection by stimulation of the parent ginseng is low, and a large amount of fertilized eggs are difficult to obtain; secondly, the percentage of 5 pairs of spheroids appearing in the stage of the big ear-shaped larva is low, and the percentage of the grown metamorphosis to the goblet-shaped larva is low; thirdly, the phenomena of ginseng body atrophy, skin ulceration and autolysis are easy to occur to the young stichopus japonicus, and the survival rate of the young stichopus japonicus is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the breeding method of the stichopus japonicus artificial offspring seeds, which has the advantages of high success rate of stimulating egg collection, high survival rate of young stichopus japonicus cultivation and high-quality stichopus japonicus offspring seeds cultivated.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a breeding method of stichopus japonicus artificial seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) parent ginseng cultivation:
catching natural flower stichopus japonicus, selecting a person with a plump and non-injured ginseng body as a parent stichopus japonicus, breeding in an indoor cement pond or an outdoor pond, and placing a concealed object at the bottom of the pond; taking sargassum thunbergii powder, gulfweed powder, stichopus japonicus parent sea compound feed and sea mud as baits, and feeding for 1 time every evening, wherein the feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the parent sea cucumbers; the indoor cement pond culture keeps continuous flowing water and aeration, and residual bait and excrement at the bottom of the pond are periodically removed; changing water for 1 time every other day in the outdoor pond;
(2) artificial stimulation egg taking:
in the egg laying season of stichopus japonicus, artificial stimulation egg collection is carried out within 3 days before and after the first one of each month of the lunar calendar.
(3) Hatching fertilized eggs:
after the sperm and eggs are discharged from the parent sea cucumber, fishing out the parent sea cucumber by using a small dip net made of nylon thread, siphoning and changing water by using a 300-mesh silk net cage for 1-2 times, wherein the water change amount is 50-70% each time, and hatching fertilized eggs in an original stimulation egg taking pond;
(4) larva cultivation:
after the fertilized eggs are hatched and developed into primary ear larvae, collecting the primary ear larvae, and then putting the primary ear larvae into a seedling pond for cultivation; feeding Chaetoceros muelleri, Isochrysis galbana, Spirulina powder and yeast for 2 times per day; adding sand-filtered seawater of 9-11% of the water body for seedling culture every day from the 1 st to the 3 rd days of larva stocking, and changing water by 20-30% every day after the 4 th day;
(5) seedling picking:
when 10-20% of big ear larvae are transformed into goblet-shaped larvae, putting polyethylene corrugated plate seedlings for collection; putting corrugated plates, and feeding 2 times per day with flagellates such as Chaetoceros muelleri, Strongylocentrotus globulus, Spirulina powder, yeast and Bacillus as bait; stopping changing water during seedling picking, and starting flowing water to improve water quality after the goblet-shaped larvae are attached;
(6) culturing young sea cucumbers:
in 10 days after the attachment and metamorphosis of the goblet-shaped larva is young sea cucumber, except for feeding spirulina, yeast and bacillus, young sea cucumber compound feed, sargassum thunbergii powder, sargassum powder and sea mud are fed for 1 time respectively in the morning and evening, and the young sea cucumber is cultivated under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration; stopping adding spirulina and yeast on days 11-40 after young sea cucumber is attached, and adding for 1 time in the morning and evening respectively; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration; removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond 1 time every 5-7 days, collecting young sea cucumbers by adopting a 40-mesh silk net cage, and timely transferring the collected young sea cucumbers into a seedling pond; when the young stichopus japonicus grows to reach 1.0cm, starting to enter a young stichopus japonicus cultivation stage;
(7) cultivating young sea cucumbers:
feeding young sea cucumber compound feed, sargassum thunbergii powder, gulfweed powder, sea mud and bacillus for 1 time respectively in the morning and evening; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration; removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond for 1 time every 3-5 days, and collecting young ginseng by using a 20-mesh silk net cage; the culture was carried out for about 40 days.
Preferably, step (1) is: selecting 400-850g natural flower stichopus japonicus, stocking in an indoor cement pond or an outdoor pond for cultivation, wherein the stocking density of the indoor pond is 5-8 heads/m2Outdoor pond stocking density is 1-2 heads/m2The bottom of the pool is provided with a concealed object; feeding 1 time in the evening every day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the parent ginseng, and the feeding bait for the parent ginseng comprises 22-27 parts by weight of sargassum thunbergii powder, 22-27 parts by weight of gulfweed powder, 38-42 parts by weight of stichopus japonicus parent ginseng compound feed and 8-12 parts by weight of sea mud; the indoor cement pond culture keeps continuous flowing water and aeration, the daily flow rate is 2-4 times of the culture water body, and residual baits and feces at the bottom of the pond are periodically removed; changing water for 1 time every other day in the outdoor pond, wherein the daily water change amount is 10-20% of the water body of the pond; the salinity of the seawater is 26-33, and the dissolved oxygen is more than 5 mg/L.
Further preferably, in the step (1), the bait for feeding the parent sea cucumber comprises 25 parts by weight of sargassum thunbergii powder, 25 parts by weight of sargassum powder, 40 parts by weight of stichopus japonicus parent sea cucumber compound feed and 10 parts by weight of sea mud.
Preferably, step (2) is: in the spawning season of stichopus japonicus in 5-9 months, selecting to induce spawning within 3 days before and after the first lunar calendar of each month, stopping feeding 2 days before artificial stimulation spawn collection, selecting healthy parent stichopus japonicus with plump abdomen in the afternoon of the day of stimulation spawn collection, washing the surfaces of the ginseng bodies with filtered seawater, then placing the ginseng bodies in an indoor seedling raising pond for exposing to the air and drying in the shade for 40-60min, then stimulating with filtered seawater flowing water for 30-40min, then injecting seawater, and waiting for sperm and spawn to discharge;
preferably, step (3) is: after the sperm egg is discharged, fishing out the parent sea cucumber by adopting a nylon wire hand-made net, siphoning to remove excrement, then manufacturing a water exchanger by adopting a 300-mesh silk net, changing water for 1-2 times, wherein the water changing amount is 50-70% each time, and hatching the fertilized egg in the original stimulation egg taking pool.
Preferably, step (4) is: after the fertilized eggs are hatched and developed into primary ear larvae, collecting the primary ear larvae by adopting a siphon method, and then putting the primary ear larvae into a seedling pond for cultivation, wherein the stocking density of the primary ear larvae is 0.1-0.3 per mL; using Chaetoceros muelleri, Isochrysis galbana, spirulina powder and yeast as bait, throwing bait for 2 times every day, each time throwing Chaetoceros muelleri cell 1-2 ten thousand cells/mL, Isochrysis galbana cell fine-breaking 1000 cells/mL 2000 cells/mL, spirulina powder 0.02-0.12mg/L, yeast 0.02-0.12mg/L, bacillus 0.05-0.10 mg/L; adding sand-filtered seawater of 9-11% of the water body for seedling culture every day from the 1 st to the 3 rd days of larva stocking, and changing water by 20-30% every day after the 4 th day; culturing and developing the larva for 10-14 days to obtain goblet-shaped larva;
further preferably, in the step (4), 10% sand-filtered seawater of the nursery water body is added every day from the 1 st to the 3 rd days of the larva stocking.
Preferably, step (5) is: when 10-20% of the big ear larva is transformed into a goblet-shaped larva, 100 corrugated plates and 120 corrugated plates with the specification of 40cm multiplied by 30cm are put in each square meter. After the corrugated plate is put in until the goblet-shaped larvae are attached, 2 times of bait feeding are carried out every day, 2 ten thousand cells/mL of Chaetoceros muelleri cells, 2000 cells/mL of Isochrysis galbana, 0.12mg/L of spirulina powder, 0.12mg/L of yeast and 0.10mg/L of bacillus are put in each time; and stopping changing water during seedling picking, and starting flowing water to improve the water quality after the goblet-shaped larvae are attached.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,the step (6) is as follows: within 10 days after the attachment and metamorphosis of the goblet-shaped larva is young sea cucumber, the young sea cucumber compound feed, the sargassum thunbergii powder, the sargassum powder and the sea mud are fed in addition to the spirulina, the yeast and the bacillus, and the feeding amount is 0.4 to 0.6g/m of the spirulina powder each time20.1-1.2g/m yeast2Bacillus 0.1-1.2g/m20.3-2.3g/m of young sea cucumber compound feed2Sargassum thunbergii powder 0.3-2.3g/m2Sargassum powder 0.3-2.3g/m2Sea mud 1.0-3.0g/m21 time in the morning and evening; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flow is 0.5-1.0 time of the water body for seedling culture; stopping feeding spirulina and yeast from 11 th to 40 th days after the young stichopus japonicus is attached, wherein the feeding concentration is 2.5-5.0g/m of the young stichopus japonicus compound feed each time22.5-5.0g/m of sargassum thunbergii powder22.5-5.0g/m of Sargassum powder2Sea mud 3.5-5.0g/m2Bacillus 0.2-1.0g/m2The administration is given 1 time in the morning and evening respectively. Culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flowing water is 1.5-2.0 times of the water body for seedling culture, and the dissolved oxygen is kept above 5 mg/L. Removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond for 1 time every 5-7 days; when the young sea cucumber grows to reach 1.0cm of body length, the young sea cucumber starts to enter a young sea cucumber cultivation stage.
Preferably, step (7) is: the growth length of the young sea cucumber seedlings reaches more than 1cm about 40 days after the attachment and metamorphosis of the goblet-shaped larvae is the young sea cucumber, and the number of the young sea cucumber cultured per square meter is 0.2-0.5 ten thousand at the stage that the young sea cucumber body is 1-8 cm. The concentration of the bait is 5.5-8.0g/m of young sea cucumber compound feed25.5-8.0g/m of sargassum thunbergii powder25.5-8.0g/m of Sargassum powder25.5-10.0g/m of sea mud2Bacillus 1.0-1.2g/m2. The administration is given 1 time in the morning and evening respectively. Culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flowing water is 1.0-2.0 times of the water body for seedling culture, and the dissolved oxygen is kept above 5 mg/L. Removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond for 1 time every 3-5 days; when the bottom of the pond is washed, the washed young sea cucumbers are collected by a silk net box with a 20-mesh sieve and are timely moved back to the seedling raising pond, so that the young sea cucumbers are prevented from overstocking, being injured and dying.
The invention explores the optimal opportunity and the induction method for inducing the stichopus japonicus to spawn and the cultivation method for the ear-shaped larvae, the young stichopus japonicus and the young stichopus japonicus, optimizes the collecting tool in the process of pouring the young stichopus japonicus and the young stichopus japonicus into the pond, and obviously improves the survival rate of the young stichopus japonicus and the young stichopus japonicus.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further understood by reference to the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Parent ginseng cultivation:
selecting 400-850g natural flower stichopus japonicus, stocking in an indoor cement pond or an outdoor pond for cultivation, wherein the stocking density of the indoor pond is 5-8 heads/m2Outdoor pond stocking density is 1-2 heads/m2The bottom of the pool is provided with a concealed object; feeding 1 time every evening, wherein the daily feeding amount is 2-5% of the weight of the parent ginseng, and the feeding baits for the parent ginseng comprise sargassum thunbergii powder, gulfweed powder, stichopus japonicus parent ginseng compound feed, sea mud and the like in parts by weight, and respectively account for 25%, 40% and 10% of the feeding amount. The indoor cement pond culture keeps continuous flowing water and aeration, the daily flow rate is 2-4 times of the culture water body, and residual baits and feces at the bottom of the pond are periodically removed; the water change of the outdoor pond is carried out for 1 time every other day, and the daily water change amount is 10-20% of the water body of the pond. The salinity of the seawater is 26-33, and the dissolved oxygen is more than 5 mg/L.
(2) Artificial stimulation egg taking:
in the spawning season of stichopus japonicus in 5-9 months, artificial stimulation spawn collection is carried out within 3 days before and after the first lunar calendar of each month, bait feeding is stopped 2 days before stimulation spawn collection, healthy parent stichopus japonicus with plump abdomen is selected in the afternoon of the day of spawning induction, the surfaces of the stichopus japonicus are washed clean by filtered seawater, then the stichopus japonicus is placed in an indoor seedling raising pond to be exposed and dried in the air for 60min, then the stichopus japonicus is stimulated by filtered seawater flowing water for 30min, then seawater is injected, and the sperm and spawn are discharged. The success rate of artificial stimulation egg taking reaches 100 percent.
(3) Hatching fertilized eggs:
after the sperm egg is discharged, fishing out the parent sea cucumber, siphoning to remove excrement, adopting a 300-mesh silk net to manufacture a water exchanger, changing water for 1-2 times, wherein the water changing amount is 70% each time, and hatching the fertilized egg in an original induced spawning pond.
(4) Larva cultivation:
after the fertilized eggs are hatched and developed into primary ear larvae, collecting the primary ear larvae by a siphon method, and then putting the primary ear larvae into a seedling pond for cultivation, wherein the stocking density of the primary ear larvae is 0.1-0.3 per mL. Using Chaetoceros muelleri, Isochrysis galbana, spirulina powder and yeast as bait, throwing bait for 2 times every day, each time throwing Chaetoceros muelleri cell 1-2 ten thousand cells/mL, Isochrysis galbana cell fine-breaking 1000 cells/mL 2000 cells/mL, spirulina powder 0.02-0.12mg/L, yeast 0.02-0.12mg/L, bacillus 0.05-0.10 mg/L; 3, during the 1 st to 3 rd days of larva stocking, adding sand-filtered seawater of 10 percent of seedling-raising water body every day, and changing water by 20-30 percent every day after 4 th day; the larva is cultivated, developed and transformed into a goblet-shaped larva after 10-14 days. The seedling rate of the young ear is 1.5-2.5%.
(5) Seedling picking:
when 10-20% of the big ear larva is transformed into a goblet-shaped larva, 100 corrugated plates and 120 corrugated plates with the specification of 40cm multiplied by 30cm are put in each square meter. After the corrugated plate is put in the vessel-shaped larva, 2 times of bait feeding are carried out every day, 2 ten thousand cells/mL of Chaetoceros muelleri cells, 2000 cells/mL of Isochrysis galbana, 0.12mg/L of spirulina powder, 0.12mg/L of yeast and 0.10mg/L of bacillus are fed in each time. And stopping changing water during seedling picking, and starting flowing water to improve the water quality after the goblet-shaped larvae are attached.
(6) Culturing young sea cucumbers:
within 10 days after the attachment and metamorphosis of the goblet-shaped larva is young sea cucumber, the young sea cucumber compound feed, the sargassum thunbergii powder, the sargassum powder and the sea mud are fed in addition to the spirulina, the yeast and the bacillus, and the feeding amount is 0.4 to 0.6g/m of the spirulina powder each time20.1-1.2g/m yeast2Bacillus 0.1-1.2g/m20.3-2.3g/m of young sea cucumber compound feed2Sargassum thunbergii powder 0.3-2.3g/m2Sargassum powder 0.3-2.3g/m2Sea mud 1.0-3.0g/m21 time in the morning and evening; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flow is 0.5-1.0 time of the water body for seedling culture,
stopping feeding spirulina and yeast from 11 th to 40 th days after the young stichopus japonicus is attached, wherein the feeding concentration is 0.2-1.0g/m for each time22.5-5.0g/m of young sea cucumber compound feed22.5-5.0g/m of sargassum thunbergii powder22.5-5.0g/m of Sargassum powder2Sea mud 3.5-5.0g/m2The administration is given 1 time in the morning and evening respectively. Culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flowing water is 1.5-2.0 times of the water body for seedling culture, and the dissolved oxygen is kept above 5 mg/L. Removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond for 1 time every 5-7 days; when the young sea cucumber grows to reach 1.0cm of body length, the young sea cucumber starts to enter a young sea cucumber cultivation stage.
(7) Cultivating young sea cucumbers:
the concentration of the bait is 5.5-8.0g/m of young sea cucumber compound feed25.5-8.0g/m of sargassum thunbergii powder25.5-8.0g/m of Sargassum powder25.5-10.0g/m of sea mud2Bacillus 1.0-1.2g/m2The administration is given 1 time in the morning and evening respectively. Culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flowing water is 1.0-2.0 times of the water body for seedling culture, and the dissolved oxygen is kept above 5 mg/L. The residual baits and the feces at the bottom of the pond are removed for 1 time every 3 to 5 days. About 40 days after the attachment of the goblet-shaped larvae, the growth length of the young ginseng seedlings reaches more than 1cm, the number of the young ginseng cultivated per square meter is 0.2-1.0 ten thousand at the stage that the young ginseng bodies are 1-8cm long, wherein the length of the young ginseng cultivated in the indoor seedling raising pool of one square meter is about 2000.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A breeding method of stichopus japonicus artificial seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) parent ginseng cultivation:
catching natural flower stichopus japonicus, selecting a person with a plump and non-injured ginseng body as a parent stichopus japonicus, breeding in an indoor cement pond or an outdoor pond, and placing a concealed object at the bottom of the pond; taking sargassum thunbergii powder, gulfweed powder, stichopus japonicus parent sea compound feed and sea mud as baits, and feeding for 1 time every evening, wherein the feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the parent sea cucumbers; the indoor cement pond culture keeps continuous flowing water and aeration, and residual bait and excrement at the bottom of the pond are periodically removed; changing water for 1 time every other day in the outdoor pond;
(2) artificial stimulation egg taking:
in the spawning season of stichopus japonicus in 5-9 months, selecting to induce spawning within 3 days before and after the first lunar calendar of each month, stopping feeding 2 days before artificial stimulation spawn collection, selecting healthy parent stichopus japonicus with plump abdomen in the afternoon of the day of stimulation spawn collection, washing the surfaces of the ginseng bodies with filtered seawater, then placing the ginseng bodies in an indoor seedling raising pond for exposing to the air and drying in the shade for 40-60min, then stimulating with filtered seawater flowing water for 30-40min, then injecting seawater, and waiting for sperm and spawn to discharge;
(3) hatching fertilized eggs:
after the sperm and egg discharge of the parent ginseng is finished, fishing out the parent ginseng by using a small dip net made of nylon threads, and siphoning to remove excrement; siphoning and changing water by using a 300-mesh silk net cage for 1-2 times, wherein the water changing amount is 50-70% each time, and hatching fertilized eggs in an original stimulated egg collecting pond;
(4) larva cultivation:
after the fertilized eggs are hatched and developed into primary ear larvae, collecting the primary ear larvae by adopting a siphon method, and then putting the primary ear larvae into a seedling pond for cultivation, wherein the stocking density of the primary ear larvae is 0.1-0.3 per mL; using Chaetoceros muelleri, Isochrysis galbana, spirulina powder and yeast as bait, throwing bait for 2 times every day, 1-2 ten thousand cells/mL of Chaetoceros muelleri cells each time, 1000-2000 cells/mL of Isochrysis galbana, 0.02-0.12mg/L of spirulina powder, 0.02-0.12mg/L of yeast and 0.05-0.10mg/L of bacillus; adding sand-filtered seawater of 9-11% of the water body for seedling culture every day from the 1 st to the 3 rd days of larva stocking, and changing water by 20-30% every day after the 4 th day; culturing and developing the larva for 10-14 days to obtain goblet-shaped larva;
(5) seedling picking:
when 10-20% of the big ear larvae are transformed into goblet-shaped larvae, putting 100 corrugated plates and 120 corrugated plates with the specification of 40cm multiplied by 30cm in each square meter; after the corrugated plate is put in until the goblet-shaped larvae are attached, 2 times of bait feeding are carried out every day, 2 ten thousand cells/mL of Chaetoceros muelleri, 2000 cells/mL of Isochrysis galbana, 0.12mg/L of spirulina powder, 0.12mg/L of yeast and 0.10mg/L of bacillus are fed each time; stopping changing water during seedling picking, and starting flowing water to improve water quality after the goblet-shaped larvae are attached;
(6) culturing young sea cucumbers:
in 10 days after the attachment and metamorphosis of the goblet-shaped larva is young sea cucumber, except for feeding spirulina, yeast and bacillus, young sea cucumber compound feed, sargassum thunbergii powder, sargassum powder and sea mud are fed for 1 time respectively in the morning and evening, and the young sea cucumber is cultivated under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration; stopping adding spirulina and yeast on days 11-40 after young sea cucumber is attached, and adding for 1 time in the morning and evening respectively; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration; removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond 1 time every 5-7 days, collecting young sea cucumbers by adopting a 40-mesh silk net cage, and timely transferring the collected young sea cucumbers into a seedling pond; when the young stichopus japonicus grows to reach 1.0cm, starting to enter a young stichopus japonicus cultivation stage;
(7) cultivating young sea cucumbers:
feeding young sea cucumber compound feed, sargassum thunbergii powder, gulfweed powder, sea mud and bacillus for 1 time respectively in the morning and evening; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration; removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond for 1 time every 3-5 days, and collecting young ginseng by using a 20-mesh silk net cage; culturing for 40 days; the specific operation is as follows: 40 days after the goblet-shaped larvae are attached and metamorphosed with the young sea cucumbers, the growth body length of the young sea cucumbers reaches more than 1cm, and the number of the cultivated young sea cucumbers per square meter is 0.2-0.5 ten thousand at the stage that the young sea cucumbers are 1-8cm long; the concentration of the bait is 5.5-8.0g/m of young sea cucumber compound feed25.5-8.0g/m of sargassum thunbergii powder2Sargassum powder 5.5-8.0g/m25.5-10.0g/m of sea mud2Bacillus 1.0-1.2g/m2(ii) a The administration is performed 1 time respectively in the morning and evening; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flowing water is 1.0-2.0 times of the water body for seedling culture, and the dissolved oxygen is kept above 5 mg/L; removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond for 1 time every 3-5 days; when the bottom of the pond is washed, the washed young sea cucumbers are collected by a silk net box with a 20-mesh sieve and are timely moved back to the seedling raising pond, so that the young sea cucumbers are prevented from overstocking, being injured and dying.
2. The breeding method of the stichopus japonicus artificial offspring seeds according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is as follows: selecting 400-plus 850g natural stichopus japonicus, stocking inCulturing in indoor cement pond or outdoor pond with stocking density of 5-8 heads/m2Outdoor pond stocking density is 1-2 heads/m2The bottom of the pool is provided with a concealed object; feeding 1 time in the evening every day, wherein the daily feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the parent ginseng, and the feeding bait for the parent ginseng comprises 22-27 parts by weight of sargassum thunbergii powder, 22-27 parts by weight of gulfweed powder, 38-42 parts by weight of stichopus japonicus parent ginseng compound feed and 8-12 parts by weight of sea mud; the indoor cement pond culture keeps continuous flowing water and aeration, the daily flow rate is 2-4 times of the culture water body, and residual baits and feces at the bottom of the pond are periodically removed; changing water for 1 time every other day in the outdoor pond, wherein the daily water change amount is 10-20% of the water body of the pond; the salinity of the seawater is 26-33, and the dissolved oxygen is more than 5 mg/L.
3. The breeding method of the stichopus japonicus artificial offspring seeds as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the feeding bait for the stichopus japonicus comprises 25 parts by weight of sargassum thunbergii powder, 25 parts by weight of gulfweed powder, 40 parts by weight of stichopus japonicus parent compound feed and 10 parts by weight of sea mud.
4. The breeding method of the stichopus japonicus artificial offspring seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (6) is as follows: within 10 days after the attachment and metamorphosis of the goblet-shaped larva is young sea cucumber, the young sea cucumber compound feed, the sargassum thunbergii powder, the sargassum powder and the sea mud are fed in addition to the spirulina, the yeast and the bacillus, and the feeding amount is 0.4 to 0.6g/m of the spirulina powder each time20.1-1.2g/m yeast2Bacillus 0.1-1.2g/m20.3-2.3g/m of young sea cucumber compound feed2Sargassum thunbergii powder 0.3-2.3g/m2Sargassum powder 0.3-2.3g/m2Sea mud 1.0-3.0g/m21 time in the morning and evening; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flow is 0.5-1.0 time of the water body for seedling culture; stopping feeding spirulina and yeast from 11 th to 40 th days after the young stichopus japonicus is attached, wherein the feeding concentration is 2.5-5.0g/m of the young stichopus japonicus compound feed each time22.5-5.0g/m of sargassum thunbergii powder2Sargassum powder 2.5-5.0g/m2Sea mud 3.5-5.0g/m2Bacillus 0.2-1.0g/m21 time in the morning and evening; culturing under the conditions of micro-flowing water and continuous aeration, wherein the daily flow rate is1.5-2.0 times of seedling culture water, and keeping dissolved oxygen above 5 mg/L; removing residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond for 1 time every 5-7 days; when the young sea cucumber grows to reach 1.0cm of body length, the young sea cucumber starts to enter a young sea cucumber cultivation stage.
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| CN112655609B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-08-05 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Method for industrially culturing tropical pink wart sea cucumber seedlings |
| CN112655610B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-08-05 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Efficient cultivation method for tropical sea cucumber seedlings |
| CN112655611B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-08-05 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Method for reversely hanging, dispersedly domesticating and hastening parents of Apostichopus japonicus selenka, hastening parturition and efficiently cultivating seedlings |
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