CN113261519A - Health-preserving state efficient breeding method for river crab goldfish - Google Patents
Health-preserving state efficient breeding method for river crab goldfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN113261519A CN113261519A CN202110538963.7A CN202110538963A CN113261519A CN 113261519 A CN113261519 A CN 113261519A CN 202110538963 A CN202110538963 A CN 202110538963A CN 113261519 A CN113261519 A CN 113261519A
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- 241000252229 Carassius auratus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a health-preserving state efficient breeding method for river crab goldfishes, which comprises the following steps: selecting a culture area as a culture pond; planting aquatic weeds in the culture pond in the first year of culture; in early spring, putting goldfish fries and crab fries into the culture pond; after the crabs and the goldfishes are mature, the crabs and the goldfishes are sold on the market. According to the cultivation method provided by the invention, crabs and goldfishes are cultivated together, bait aquatic plants and algae of the crabs are used as a basis, organic matters at the bottom of a cultivation pool are subjected to aerobic decomposition by utilizing microbial cells, the number of insects in a water body is reduced by cultivating the goldfishes, a biological chain circulation is formed in the water body, and the biological chain is artificially maintained to be stable by referring to a natural biological ecological chain, so that the purpose of ecological cultivation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of ecological breeding of river crabs, in particular to a health-preserving state efficient breeding method for river crab goldfishes.
Background
The crab is also called river crab, is a fresh water crustacean, grows in fresh water, and has delicious meat taste and rich nutrition. Currently, the crabs are generally accepted as delicious foods by Chinese and overseas, the artificial breeding work is less because the source of the crabs is mainly fishing, the loafing property of chemical agents in artificial breeding of the crabs is very large, the influence of the multiple use of the chemical agents on the environment is very large, the growth state, the growth speed and the like of the crabs are easily influenced, and the quality, the specification, the taste and the like of the crabs cannot be further improved.
In order to cultivate high-quality crabs, a healthy cultivation mode is required, namely, according to the biological characteristics of the river crabs, the ecological principle is applied to guide the production of the river crabs, a good ecological environment which is favorable for the growth and development of the river crabs is created for the river crabs, the generation of harmful substances is reduced during the growth and development of the river crabs, the occurrence of diseases is reduced to the maximum extent, the growth of the river crabs is in a state which is closest to the original ecology, and the growth rate of the river crabs is improved.
At present, the technology for artificially breeding crabs has a plurality of defects, and the experience of people on artificially breeding crabs is still imperfect. The bait required by the cultured crabs is different in different stages, the required growing environments are also different, and many technical personnel neglect scientific setting of the crab culturing ecological environment when culturing the crabs, use industrial compound feed and use medicines blindly, so that the crab ecological environment is damaged, the survival rate of the crabs is low, and the quality of the crabs is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to provide a health-preserving ecological efficient breeding method for river crab goldfishes, which utilizes the regulation and control of biological substances such as micro plants, micro animals and the like and refers to the natural original ecological growth environment to improve the breeding level and quality of crabs and reduce the influence of crab breeding on the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a health-preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method for river crab goldfishes comprises the following steps:
selecting a culture area as a culture pond;
planting aquatic weeds in the culture pond in the first year of culture;
in early spring, putting the fry into a culture pond;
in early spring, crab seedlings are thrown into the culture pond;
putting beneficial microorganisms into the culture pond regularly;
after the crabs and the goldfishes are mature, the crabs and the goldfishes are sold on the market.
Further, the method further comprises the step of constructing the culture pond, wherein a food table, a runway and a grass beach are arranged in the culture pond, two sides of the runway are respectively connected with the food table and the grass beach through arc-shaped slopes, the side surface of the culture pond is provided with an anti-collapse layer and a protective layer, and the shore of the culture pond is provided with anti-escape toughened glass.
Furthermore, the planting mode of the float grass is selected, the planting mode is adopted in a partial lacking area instead of spread planting, the planting mode can enable the float grass to grow secondarily, the seeding mode float grass bud growth block can help the crab cultivation area to purify water quality in the early stage through regular maintenance, a high-quality growth environment is provided for the crabs, meanwhile, the temperature rise in the natural environment in the middle period of cultivation is avoided, the float grass in the cultivation area is lacking, the water level is required to be reduced, grass spreading is carried out, annual grass spreading is not needed to be carried out for re-planting, meanwhile, a purse net is arranged on the periphery of the float grass, a thin film is attached to the purse net, and the bottom of the purse net is covered by a soil layer.
Furthermore, the fries are goldfish fries, the goldfish fries can be four goldfish fries, and the four goldfish fries are intercropped in a box type in the middle of the runway.
Further, the crab feeding method comprises the following steps:
after the crab seedlings enter the culture pond and the first shells are completely sloughed, feeding baits, wherein the amount of the baits fed in the first day is 5% -15% of the amount of the crabs, and the feeding amount of the baits is adjusted according to the feeding amount of the crabs in the second day and later; after the activity of the hydrilla verticillata begins to decline, the corn and the bait are alternately thrown to feed the crabs.
Further, the beneficial microorganisms comprise beneficial bacteria and algae, and when the water body is in the insect period, the beneficial bacteria and the beneficial algae are supplemented periodically, so that ecological balance can be maintained.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a health-preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method for river crab goldfishes, which is characterized in that crabs and four-tail goldfishes are cultivated together, bait waterweeds and algae of the crabs are taken as a basis, organic matters at the bottom of a cultivation pool are subjected to aerobic decomposition by utilizing microbial thalli, the number of insects in a water body is reduced by cultivating the goldfishes, a biological chain circulation is formed in the water body, and the stability of the biological chain is artificially controlled by referring to a natural biological ecological chain, so that the purpose of ecological cultivation is achieved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the biochain of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
Examples
The invention provides a health-preserving state efficient breeding method for river crab goldfishes, which comprises the following specific steps:
selecting a farmland or a pond with 5-15 mu as a culture area, constructing the culture area, arranging a food platform, a runway and a grass beach in the culture area, wherein two sides of the runway are respectively connected with the food platform and the grass beach through arc slopes, the grass beach is positioned in the middle of the culture area, an anti-collapse layer and a protective layer are arranged on the side surface of the culture area, anti-escape toughened glass is arranged on the bank side of the culture area, and the culture area is constructed based to adapt to crab culture;
the method is characterized in that algae seeds are purchased in the first year of cultivation (namely before crabs are cultivated for the first time), aquatic weeds are planted in a cultivation pond in advance, the traditional aquatic weed laying and planting mode is changed, the planting mode is selected, after the aquatic weeds germinate, secondary planting is not needed, and after the aquatic weeds bloom and fruit, seeds fall into the ground, and the aquatic weeds grow again after rooting and sprouting in the next year;
arranging a purse net at the periphery of the aquatic weeds at the initial growth stage of the aquatic weeds, wherein a film is attached to the purse net, the bottom of the purse net is covered by a soil layer, so that the crabs are prevented from being eaten when the aquatic weeds are not completely grown, the subsequent growth is influenced, and the purse net can be detached when the aquatic weeds grow to 8-15 cm; wherein, the aquatic weed species which just starts to be planted can be hydrilla verticillata;
in early spring, goldfish seedlings are put into the culture pond, the goldfish uses four-tail goldfish, box type intercropping is carried out in the middle of a runway, the goldfish grows mature at the end of 6 months and in the period of 7-8 months, the goldfish can be harvested and sold on the market, meanwhile, a part of goldfish can be kept for scattered culture, the ornamental value is increased, wherein the goldfish is put before the insect period, the insect period is generally 4-5 months, and the goldfish can take insects as bait; the four-tailed goldfish is selected because the four-tailed goldfish is quite quiet, so that the water body fluidity and the water body turbidity are reduced;
in early spring (about 2 months), putting crab seedlings according to actual control capacity; the putting of goldfish fry and crab fry has no requirement in sequence, and generally goldfish grows earlier than crab, and the crab grows to a certain extent in equal aquatic plants, and then the crab is put in; in the early stage, the goldfishes do not need to be fed with baits, and the goldfishes prey on insects in the water body to eat, so that the aim of controlling the content of the insects in the culture area is fulfilled; natural algae, attached grass and other weeds are used as food in the earlier stage after the crabs enter the pool, bait is not required to be thrown manually, after the first shells of the crabs are retreated, the bait can be selected from fresh ice fish, finished food and the like, the bait amount of the fresh ice fish thrown for the first time accounts for 10% of the crab amount, and the bait throwing amount of the fresh ice fish is adjusted according to the crab feeding amount in the second day and later; performing cross feeding of corn and fresh ice fish bait in about 8 months, feeding corn into the culture pond at 6-7 points in the morning according to the feed intake of the crabs for feeding, and feeding fresh ice fish bait into the culture pond at 4-5 points in the evening according to the feed intake of the crabs; then the natural environment temperature begins to drop due to climate change, the activity of the originally planted hydrilla verticillata begins to decrease (preferring high temperature), a second kind of aquatic weeds needs to be planted, the second kind of aquatic weeds can be selected from the trigone grasses, and the trigone grasses are used for protecting ridges, preserving soil and purifying water bodies, so that the water bodies are kept in a good state; and harvesting the crabs until the crabs grow to the mature period, selling the crabs to finish one round of crab cultivation, and carrying out a second round of crab cultivation according to the method, wherein the aquatic weeds do not need to purchase seeds again for planting, and the aquatic weeds planted in the last year can continue to germinate and grow.
In the whole process, the oxygen saturation of the water body needs to be manually controlled, the early spring temperature is suitable for the growth of beneficial bacteria in the early culture period, the bacterial input amount in the early spring is small, and the normal nutrient saturation of the water body is kept; starting from 4-5 months, the temperature begins to rise, the activity of beneficial bacteria is reduced, oxygen in the water body changes, and insects are in a vigorous stage at the moment, so that the saturation of the oxygen in the water body is reduced, the oxygen supply of the water body is insufficient, the beneficial bacteria are supplemented periodically (once in half a month), and the propagation and the diffusion of harmful bacteria are inhibited;
in this embodiment, the whole biological chain cycle is as shown in fig. 1, crabs and goldfishes coexist, corn, waterweeds, algae and baits fed manually are used as lost food of crabs, residual bait scraps of the crabs such as residual algae, waterweeds and corn and insects in the water body are used as baits of goldfishes, when the water body is in insufficient supply, excrement of the crabs and the goldfishes, insect corpses, corn, algae, ice fresh fish and other scraps can generate ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and toxic sulfides, the waterweeds and the algae purify the water body and absorb fertilizers formed by aerobic reactions generated in the water body, and an oxygen increasing device can be arranged outside to manually control the water body supply and ensure the oxygen saturation degree of the water body.
The foregoing is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, and any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A health-preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method for river crab goldfish is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
selecting a culture area as a culture pond;
planting aquatic weeds in the culture pond in the first year of culture;
in early spring, putting fry and crab fry into the culture pond respectively;
during the culture period, regularly throwing beneficial microorganisms into the culture pond;
after the crabs and the goldfishes are mature, the crabs and the goldfishes are sold on the market.
2. The river crab goldfish health preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: still include, right breed the pond and construct breed pond set up in the pond and eat platform, runway and grass beach, the runway both sides are connected respectively through arc slope eat the platform with the grass beach, just breed pond side and be equipped with and prevent layer, protective layer of collapsing, it is equipped with and prevents escaping toughened glass to breed the pond bank.
3. The river crab goldfish health preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pasture and water planting mode selects the grass seed to broadcast and plants, just the pasture and water periphery sets up the purse seine, be attached with the film on the purse seine, the purse seine bottom utilizes the soil layer to cover.
4. The river crab goldfish health preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: and selecting four goldfishes in the goldfish fry for the fry, and carrying out box type intercropping on the four goldfishes in the middle of the runway.
5. The river crab goldfish health preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the crab feeding method comprises the following steps:
after the crab seedlings enter the culture pond and the first shells are completely sloughed, feeding baits, wherein the amount of the baits fed in the first day is 5% -15% of the amount of the crabs, and the feeding amount of the baits is adjusted according to the feeding amount of the crabs in the second day and later;
after the activity of the hydrilla verticillata begins to decline, the corn and the bait are alternately thrown to feed the crabs.
6. The river crab goldfish health preserving state high-efficiency cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the beneficial microorganisms comprise beneficial bacteria and algae, and balance of ecological chain is maintained.
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| CN202110538963.7A CN113261519A (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Health-preserving state efficient breeding method for river crab goldfish |
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| CN202110538963.7A CN113261519A (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Health-preserving state efficient breeding method for river crab goldfish |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113728952A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2021-12-03 | 无为优良农业科技有限公司 | Efficient crab breeding method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550462A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-11 | 湖南三兄特色农业开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating river crabs in large-surfaced open waters |
| CN109076995A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-25 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of ecological in-situ immobilization cultural method of high-quality Eriocheir sinensis |
| CN110074027A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-02 | 上海海洋大学 | The method that a kind of river crab pond water plant recycles |
| AU2020103062A4 (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2020-12-24 | Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy Of Fishery Sciences | A Pond Poly-aquiculture Method for Increasing the Yield of Marsupenaeus japonicas |
-
2021
- 2021-05-18 CN CN202110538963.7A patent/CN113261519A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550462A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-11 | 湖南三兄特色农业开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating river crabs in large-surfaced open waters |
| CN109076995A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-25 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of ecological in-situ immobilization cultural method of high-quality Eriocheir sinensis |
| CN110074027A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-02 | 上海海洋大学 | The method that a kind of river crab pond water plant recycles |
| AU2020103062A4 (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2020-12-24 | Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy Of Fishery Sciences | A Pond Poly-aquiculture Method for Increasing the Yield of Marsupenaeus japonicas |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113728952A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2021-12-03 | 无为优良农业科技有限公司 | Efficient crab breeding method |
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Application publication date: 20210817 |