CN113331099A - Australia freshwater lobster breeding technology - Google Patents
Australia freshwater lobster breeding technology Download PDFInfo
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- CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one;molecular iodine Chemical compound II.C=CN1CCCC1=O CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture technology of Australia crayfishes, and relates to the field of aquatic animal culture. A culture technology of Australia crayfish comprises the following steps: selecting an aquaculture pond, carrying out early-stage treatment on the aquaculture pond, planting aquatic plants, putting shrimp seedlings, feeding baits, supplementing baits and managing water quality; the breeding technology provided by the invention designs and regulates and controls parameters of the breeding pond, the shrimp fry throwing-in time, the throwing amount, the bait throwing and feeding and the breeding water body, so that the survival rate and the yield of the Australia crayfish are obviously improved, the quality of the Australia crayfish is further improved, and the rapid development of the Australia crayfish breeding industry is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a Australia crayfish breeding technology.
Background
Australia freshwater lobster is commonly called freshwater lobster, red crayfish or blue lobster, is a new aquatic product variety with great popularization potential, and has the advantages of rich nutrition, tender meat, crisp and smooth meat, and delicious and sweet taste. Australia crayfish is originally produced in a stream in a tropical region in northern Australia, and is called crayfish because it is large in size, looks exactly like a crayfish in the sea, and lives only in fresh water. Compared with other shrimps, the Australia freshwater lobster has many obvious advantages in the aspect of culture economic benefit: 1. the weight of the individual is generally 100-200 g, the maximum individual can reach 500, the meat content is high, the taste is delicious, the nutrition is rich, and the economic value is high; 2. the stress resistance is strong, the adaptability is wide, and the tolerance to severe environment is high; 3. the feed is miscellaneous in feeding, wide in feed source and low in culture cost; in view of the above advantages, in recent years, australian crayfish is more and more popular with consumers at home and abroad, and the market demand is greatly increased.
In recent years, the Australia crayfish breeding industry develops rapidly, but due to unreasonable breeding modes, breeding conditions, breeding methods and the like, the bred crayfish grows slowly, is small in weight and low in yield, and due to the fact that an ecological system of a breeding environment is single in structure, water quality deterioration and shrimp diseases are prone to happening, the survival rate of the crayfish is low, the morbidity and the mortality are high, and further the breeding income is low; the above factors seriously restrict the rapid development of Australia crayfish culture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a culture technology of Australia crayfishes, which solves the problems that the prior culture of Australia crayfishes consumes time and labor, is slow in growth speed, small in weight, low in yield, low in survival rate, high in morbidity and mortality, low in culture income and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a culture technology of Australia crayfish comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an aquaculture pond: the area of the pond is 6-10 mu, the depth is 1.5-2m, the gradient is 1:3, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the pond, filter screens are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet, anti-escape screens are arranged around the pond and are 50-80cm higher than the pond ridge;
s2, pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: pumping water in the pond, removing water animals on the surface of the pond, injecting water of 20-30 cm into the pond, standing for 10-12 days, uniformly sprinkling 80-120 jin of quicklime and 50-100 jin of tea bran per mu of pond, continuously standing for 3 days, and then injecting new water again.
S3, planting aquatic weeds: planting submerged plants and emergent aquatic plants in the pond, wherein the coverage rate is 50% -70%;
s4, putting the shrimp fries: in the middle and late ten days of May, after the aquatic weeds survive, when the water temperature is 18-28 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the water body in the pond to 7-8.5 by using quick lime or organic acid, putting shrimp seedlings with healthy activity and specification of 2-3cm, wherein the putting amount per mu is 6000 plus 5000 fish tails, and disinfecting 1-2 times by using a disinfectant in the whole pond after the shrimp seedlings are put;
s5, bait feeding: feeding the shrimp seedlings once a day after 2 days, feeding 0.3 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average every day, continuously feeding for three days, feeding 2 times a day, feeding 0.45 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average every day, feeding 20-30% of the daily feeding amount in the morning, feeding 70-80% of the daily feeding amount in the evening, gradually increasing 0.6 jin every 7 days, feeding 50 days of lobsters to about 5cm, weighing the weight of the shrimps, and feeding 3-5% of the weight of the shrimps to obtain shrimp feed;
s6, bait supplement: after the adult lobster feed is fed, feeding natural baits for 1 time to the lobsters in the pond every 5 days, wherein the feeding amount is 3% -5% of the weight of the lobsters, and the natural baits comprise: 70% of animal protein bait and 30% of plant protein bait;
s7, water quality management: in the lobster breeding process, the transparency of the water in the pond is kept to be 30-40cm, the pH value of the water body is kept to be 7.5-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water is less than 0.1mg/L, the nitrite content is less than 0.005mg/L, the water temperature is kept to be 10-36 ℃, 15-20cm of water is added every week, and the oxygen content in the breeding pond is not lower than 5 mg/L.
Preferably, the submerged plants in step S3 include elodea nuttallii, hydrilla verticillata and eel grass, and the emergent plants include saxifrage, watermifoil and alternanthera philoxeroides.
Preferably, in step S4, when the shrimp seeds are thrown, the shrimp seeds may be placed in a shrimp basket, the shrimp basket is immersed in water to allow the shrimp seeds to adapt to the shrimp basket initially, the shrimp basket is lifted out of the water surface and stands still for 2-5S, the shrimp basket is then placed in water, and the shrimp basket is slowly tilted to throw the shrimp seeds into the water.
Preferably, in step S4, silver carp and bighead carp may be released into the water after the shrimp larvae are released.
Preferably, the disinfectant in the step S4 is povidone-iodine solution or glutaraldehyde.
Preferably, in the step S5, probiotics and immunopotentiator may be added into the feed for lobsters, and the addition amount is 3-5% of the weight of the feed.
Preferably, the method for weighing and calculating the shrimp body weight in step S5 includes: and fishing out part of the shrimps in the pond, weighing, calculating the average weight of each shrimp, taking 80% of the total number of the fed shrimps as the total number of the shrimps in the pond, and multiplying the average weight of the shrimps by the total number of the shrimps to obtain the total weight of the shrimps in the pond.
Preferably, the optimal water temperature in the pond in the step S7 is 23-35 ℃, wherein the water temperature is stably controlled by deepening the pond water depth.
Preferably, in the culture process, the pond is inspected every day, moss in the pond is cleaned in time, and if the isolation nets of the water outlet and the water inlet are damaged, the moss needs to be repaired in time; when the severe weather of thunderstorm, hot days and cloudy days is met, the bait feeding needs to be reduced or stopped.
Preferably, the pond is also provided with a microporous oxygen increasing device capable of increasing the oxygen content in the pond and an intelligent control device for monitoring the dissolved oxygen content, the pH value and the temperature in the pond.
Still more preferably, the animal protein baits include escargots, fresh fish and shells, and the plant protein baits include pumpkins, carrots and sweet potatoes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the anti-escape net is arranged in the pond preparation process, and the filter screens are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet, so that the problems that crayfishes easily escape and enemy organisms such as wild trash fish enter the pond are solved;
2. in the early treatment process of the pond, after water in the pond is pumped out, water of 20-30 cm is injected into the pond, the water temperature in the pond is raised, so that aquatic animals living in soil such as finless eels, loaches and the like are enabled to go out of holes, tea bran is splashed into the pond for conveniently removing wild trash fish, finless eels, loaches and the like, and quicklime is splashed for disinfection and sterilization to improve the pH value of a water body;
3. according to the invention, submerged plants and emergent plants are mixed and planted, so that the diversity of aquatic plants in the pond is kept, and the culture environment of lobsters is improved;
4. after the young shrimps are put in the invention, the disinfectant is used for killing virus and bacteria in water, so that the survival rate of the shrimp larvae is improved;
5. the silver carp, the bighead carp and the lobster are put into the aquaculture pond for mixed culture, so that the water quality can be purified, the water is not too fat, and an alarm effect can be realized when the aquaculture pond is anoxic;
6. according to the lobster feed, different feeds and different parts are adopted for feeding in different growth periods in the breeding process, so that not only can the nutrition required by the growth of the lobsters be ensured, but also the disease resistance of the lobsters can be improved, and the survival rate can be increased;
7. the feed is properly added with probiotics and immunopotentiator, so that intestinal flora is improved, the digestibility of the feed is improved, and the physique of shrimps is improved;
8. the invention feeds natural baits in the process of cultivation, thereby not only satisfying the growth nutrition balance of lobsters, promoting the growth speed, increasing the unit per mu yield, but also ensuring the natural flavor of the lobsters;
9. according to the invention, the water quality management is carried out in the culture process, so that the growth environment of the lobsters can be maintained in a relatively balanced state for a long time, and the lobsters are suitable for growth;
10. according to the invention, by arranging the micropore oxygenation equipment and the intelligent control equipment capable of monitoring the water temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH value, the traditional culture mode is changed, and the shrimps are cultured by using intelligent big data, so that the water quality index of the shrimp culture has reliability.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
It should be noted that: the seeds used in the invention are purchased from science and technology limited company of Xinxin agriculture department, Haining Zhejiang, aquatic plants are purchased from Chengdu Shuangliu grass planting base, the feed is purchased from Aohua feed company, the quick lime, the tea bran and the disinfectant are purchased from Chengdu Fangcao herb medicine industry limited company, the micropore oxygenation equipment is purchased from Baichuan micropore oxygenation equipment limited company, the intelligence control equipment is independently developed and researched by Chengdu agriculture science and technology occupational school, and other products which are not described are all sold and obtained.
It should be noted that: the cultivation technology is suitable for cultivation in Sichuan areas.
Example 1
A culture technology of Australia crayfish comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an aquaculture pond: the area of the pond is 6 mu, the depth is 1.5m, the gradient is 1:3, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the pond, 80-mesh filter screens are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet, and anti-escape screens are arranged around the pond and are 50-80cm higher than the pond ridge;
s2, pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: pumping water in the pond, removing water animals on the surface of the pond, such as wild fishes, ampullaria gigas and the like, then injecting water of 20-30 cm into the pond, standing for 10 days, uniformly sprinkling 80 jin of quick lime and 50 jin of tea bran per mu of the pond, continuously standing for 3 days, and then injecting new water again.
S3, planting aquatic weeds: planting submerged plants and emergent plants in the pond, wherein the submerged plants are waterweed, hydrilla verticillata and tape grass, and the emergent plants comprise saxifrage, watermifoil and alternanthera philoxeroides; the method comprises the following steps of transplanting the illipe grass into a soil pond, wherein the row spacing is 5m, the plant spacing is 2m, the soil is left for 10-15cm, the water level in the early stage of a planting area is controlled to be just capable of submerging the head of the illipe grass, so that the illumination is increased, the water temperature is increased, the growth is promoted, the planting area of the illipe grass accounts for 50% of the pond, and the tape grass and the hydrilla verticillata are planted among the illipe grass in an inserting mode.
S4, putting the shrimp fries: providing a micropore oxygenation device and an intelligent control device for each pond, wherein the micropore oxygenation device comprises an aeration disc and a host, the aeration disc is arranged at the bottom of each pond according to 1-2 shrimp seedlings per mu, in the first ten days of May, the healthy and active shrimp seedlings with the specification of 2-3cm are selected to be thrown in, the throwing amount per mu is 5000 tails, the shrimp seedlings can be placed in shrimp baskets when the shrimp seedlings are thrown in, the shrimp baskets are immersed in water to preliminarily adapt to the shrimp seedlings, the shrimp baskets are lifted out of the water surface and are kept stand for 2-5s, the shrimp baskets are placed in the water and slowly inclined, the shrimp seedlings are thrown in the water, the Povidone iodine solution is used for disinfection in the whole pond for 1-2 times after the shrimp seedlings are thrown in, and silver carp and bighead carp can be thrown in the water after the shrimp seedlings are thrown in; the intelligent control equipment can monitor the water body temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH value on line in real time on a mobile phone;
s5, bait feeding: feeding the shrimp seedlings once a day after 2 days, feeding 0.3 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average, feeding 2 times of bait every day after three days, feeding 0.45 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average, feeding 20% of the daily feeding amount in the morning, feeding 80% of the daily feeding amount in the evening, increasing the daily feeding amount by 0.6 jin every 7 days, feeding 50 days after the lobsters grow to about 5cm, putting a shrimp cage, fishing some shrimps, weighing, calculating the average weight of the shrimps, calculating the total weight of the shrimps according to 80% of the total weight of the shrimp seedlings, and feeding 3% of the shrimp into shrimp feed;
s6, bait supplement: after the lobster feed is fed, feeding natural baits for 3 percent of the weight of the lobsters once every 5 days, wherein the natural baits mainly comprise 30 percent of plant protein baits and 70 percent of animal protein baits; wherein the vegetable protein bait comprises: pumpkin, carrot and sweet potato, etc., and the animal protein bait comprises: river snails, fresh fish and shells, etc.;
s7, water quality management: in the lobster breeding process, water quality is improved through changing water or oocystis, chlorella or microecologics and the like, the transparency of pool water is kept to be 30cm, the dissolved oxygen content, the pH value and the temperature in the pool are monitored through intelligent control equipment, the pH value of a water body is kept to be 7.5-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen content in water is less than 0.1mg/L, the nitrite content is less than 0.005mg/L, the water temperature is kept to be 10-36 ℃, and the oxygen content in the breeding pool is not lower than 5/L through micropore oxygenation equipment; in the culture process, the pond is required to be inspected every day, moss in the pond is cleaned in time, and if damage of the separation net of the water outlet and the water inlet is found, the moss needs to be repaired in time; when the weather is severe, such as thunderstorm, hot days and cloudy days, the bait feeding needs to be reduced or stopped, and when the weather is too hot or too cold, the pond water needs to be properly deepened to stabilize the water temperature;
wherein, probiotics and immunopotentiator can be added into the feed for lobster, and the addition amount is 3% of the feed weight.
Example 2
A culture technology of Australia crayfish comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an aquaculture pond: the area of the pond is 8 mu, the depth is 1.8m, the gradient is 1:3, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the pond, 80-mesh filter screens are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet, and anti-escape screens are arranged around the pond and are 50-80cm higher than the pond ridge;
s2, pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: pumping water in the pond, removing water animals on the surface of the pond, such as wild fishes, ampullaria gigas and the like, then injecting water of 20-30 cm into the pond, standing for 10 days, uniformly sprinkling 100 jin of quick lime and 75 jin of tea bran on each mu of the pond, continuously standing for 3 days, and then injecting new water again.
S3, planting aquatic weeds: planting submerged plants and emergent plants in the pond, wherein the submerged plants are waterweed, hydrilla verticillata and tape grass, and the emergent plants comprise saxifrage, watermifoil and alternanthera philoxeroides; the method comprises the following steps of transplanting the illipe grass into a soil pond, wherein the row spacing is 5m, the plant spacing is 2m, the soil is left for 10-15cm, the water level in the early stage of a planting area is controlled to be just capable of submerging the head of the illipe grass, so that the illumination is increased, the water temperature is increased, the growth is promoted, the planting area of the illipe grass accounts for 60% of the pond, and the tape grass and the hydrilla verticillata are planted among the illipe grass in an inserting mode.
S4, putting the shrimp fries: preparing micropore oxygenation equipment and intelligent control equipment in each pond, wherein the micropore oxygenation equipment comprises an aeration disc and a host, the aeration disc is installed at the bottom of the pond according to 1-2 shrimp seedlings per mu, in the first ten days of May, the healthy and active shrimp seedlings with the specification of 2-3cm are selected to be thrown in, the throwing amount per mu is 5500, when the shrimp seedlings are thrown in, the shrimp seedlings can be placed in a shrimp basket, the shrimp basket is immersed in water to preliminarily adapt to the shrimp seedlings, the shrimp basket is lifted out of the water surface and stands for 2-5s, the shrimp basket is then placed in the water and is slowly inclined, the shrimp seedlings are thrown in the water, povidone iodine solution is used for disinfection for 1-2 times in a whole pond after the shrimp seedlings are thrown in, and silver carps and bighead carps can be thrown in the water after the shrimp seedlings are thrown in; the intelligent control equipment can monitor the water body temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH value on line in real time on a mobile phone;
s5, bait feeding: feeding baits: feeding the shrimp seedlings once a day after 2 days, feeding 0.3 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average, feeding 2 times of bait every day after three days, feeding 0.45 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average, feeding 25% of the daily feeding amount in the morning, feeding 75% of the daily feeding amount in the evening, increasing the daily feeding amount by 0.6 jin every 7 days, feeding 50 days after the lobsters grow to about 5cm, putting a shrimp cage, fishing some shrimps, weighing, calculating the average weight of the shrimps, calculating the total weight of the shrimps according to 80% of the total weight of the shrimp seedlings, and feeding 4% of the shrimp into shrimp feed;
s6, bait supplement: after the lobster feed is fed, feeding natural baits for 4 percent of the weight of the lobsters once every 5 days, wherein the natural baits mainly comprise 30 percent of plant protein baits and 70 percent of animal protein baits; wherein the vegetable protein bait comprises: pumpkin, carrot and sweet potato, etc., and the animal protein bait comprises: river snails, fresh fish and shells, etc.;
s7, water quality management: in the lobster breeding process, water quality is improved through changing water or oocystis, chlorella or microecologics and the like, the transparency of pool water is kept to be 35cm, the dissolved oxygen content, the pH value and the temperature in the pool are monitored through intelligent control equipment, the pH value of a water body is kept to be 7.5-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen content in water is less than 0.1mg/L, the nitrite content is less than 0.005mg/L, the water temperature is kept to be 23-35 ℃, water is added for 15-20cm every week, and the oxygen content in the breeding pool is not less than 5/L; in the culture process, the pond is required to be inspected every day, moss in the pond is cleaned in time, and if damage of the separation net of the water outlet and the water inlet is found, the moss needs to be repaired in time; when the weather is severe, such as thunderstorm, hot days and cloudy days, the bait feeding needs to be reduced or stopped, and when the weather is too hot or too cold, the pond water needs to be deepened appropriately to stabilize the water temperature.
Wherein, probiotics and immunopotentiator can be added into the feed for lobster, and the addition amount is 4% of the feed weight.
Example 3
A culture technology of Australia crayfish comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an aquaculture pond: the area of the pond is 10 mu, the depth is 2m, the gradient is 1:3, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the pond, 80-mesh filter screens are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet, and anti-escape screens are arranged around the pond and are 50-80cm higher than the pond ridge;
s2, pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: pumping water in the pond, removing water animals on the surface of the pond, such as wild fishes, ampullaria gigas and the like, then injecting water of 20-30 cm into the pond, standing for 10 days, uniformly sprinkling 120 jin of quick lime and 100 jin of tea bran per mu of the pond, continuously standing for 3 days, and then injecting new water again.
S3, planting aquatic weeds: planting submerged plants and emergent plants in the pond, wherein the submerged plants are waterweed, hydrilla verticillata and tape grass, and the emergent plants comprise saxifrage, watermifoil and alternanthera philoxeroides; transplanting the illipe grass into a soil pond, wherein the row spacing is 5m, the plant spacing is 2m, the soil is left for 10-15cm, the initial water level of a planting area is controlled to just submerge the head of the illipe grass, so that the illumination is increased, the water temperature is increased, the growth is promoted, the planting area of the illipe grass accounts for 70% of the pond, and the tape grass, the hydrilla verticillata and the hydrilla verticillata are planted among the illipe grass in an interpenetration mode;
s4, putting the shrimp fries: providing a micropore oxygenation device and an intelligent control device for each pond, wherein the micropore oxygenation device comprises an aeration disc and a host, the aeration disc is arranged at the bottom of each pond according to 1-2 shrimp seedlings per mu, in the first ten days of May, the healthy and active shrimp seedlings with the specification of 2-3cm are selected to be thrown in, the throwing amount per mu is 5000 tails, the shrimp seedlings can be placed in shrimp baskets when the shrimp seedlings are thrown in, the shrimp baskets are immersed in water to preliminarily adapt to the shrimp seedlings, the shrimp baskets are lifted out of the water surface and are kept stand for 2-5s, the shrimp baskets are placed in the water and slowly inclined, the shrimp seedlings are thrown in the water, the Povidone iodine solution is used for disinfection in the whole pond for 1-2 times after the shrimp seedlings are thrown in, and silver carp and bighead carp can be thrown in the water after the shrimp seedlings are thrown in; the intelligent control equipment can monitor the water body temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH value on line in real time on a mobile phone;
s5, bait feeding: feeding the shrimp seedlings once a day after 2 days, feeding 0.3 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average, feeding 2 times of bait every day after three days, feeding 0.45 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average, feeding 30% of the daily feeding amount in the morning, feeding 70% of the daily feeding amount in the evening, increasing the daily feeding amount by 0.6 jin every 7 days, feeding 50 days after the lobsters grow to about 5cm, putting a shrimp cage, fishing some shrimps, weighing, calculating the average weight of the shrimps, calculating the total weight of the shrimps according to 80% of the total weight of the shrimp seedlings, and feeding 5% of the shrimp into shrimp feed;
s6, bait supplement: after the lobster feed is fed, feeding natural baits for 5 days every time the lobsters in the pond, wherein the feeding amount is 5 percent of the weight of the lobsters, and the natural baits mainly comprise 30 percent of plant protein baits and 70 percent of animal protein baits; wherein the vegetable protein bait comprises: pumpkin, carrot and sweet potato, etc., and the animal protein bait comprises: river snails, fresh fish and shells, etc.;
s7, water quality management: in the lobster breeding process, water quality is improved through changing water or oocystis, chlorella or microecologics and the like, the transparency of pool water is kept to be 40cm, the dissolved oxygen content, the pH value and the temperature in the pool are monitored through intelligent control equipment, the pH value of a water body is kept to be 7.5-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen content in water is less than 0.1mg/L, the nitrite content is less than 0.005mg/L, the water temperature is kept to be 23-35 ℃, water is added for 15-20cm every week, and the oxygen content in the breeding pool is not lower than 5/L; in the culture process, the pond is required to be inspected every day, moss in the pond is cleaned in time, and if damage of the separation net of the water outlet and the water inlet is found, the moss needs to be repaired in time; when the weather is severe, such as thunderstorm, hot days and cloudy days, the bait feeding needs to be reduced or stopped, and when the weather is too hot or too cold, the pond water needs to be deepened appropriately to stabilize the water temperature.
Wherein, probiotics and immunopotentiator can be added into the feed for lobster, and the addition amount is 5% of the feed weight.
Examples of the experiments
According to the cultivation technology and the traditional cultivation technology in the embodiment 1, the cultivation period is 4 months, the specifications of the fed shrimp fries are 2-3cm, the feeding amount per mu is 5500 tails, after 4 months, the survival rate, the average marketing specification, the cost, the total output and the unit price and the income after marketing of the lobsters cultivated in 2 cultivation ponds are counted, and the results are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 Australia freshwater lobster cultivation result comparison
Wherein, the survival rate is the number of survivals/the total number multiplied by 100 percent; the yield per mu is the total income per mu-the cost per mu.
Wherein, the traditional cultivation technique is as follows: after the elodea peltata is planted in the culture pond, injecting new water, putting the shrimp fries in the middle and late May days after the aquatic plants survive, and feeding the bait once in the morning and at night every day until the adult shrimps are cultured.
As can be seen from table 1, the survival rate of the australian crayfish cultivated by the cultivation technique of the present invention is higher than that of the traditional cultivation technique, and the average market size is larger, although the cost investment of the cultivation technique of the present invention is higher than that of the traditional cultivation technique in the cultivation stage, the yield of the cultivation technique of the present invention is far higher than that of the traditional cultivation technique by that time, and because the crayfish is large in size and good in quality, the selling price of the crayfish is higher than that of the traditional cultivation technique, the final income of the cultivation technique of the present invention is far higher than that of the traditional cultivation technique, and the rapid development of the australian crayfish cultivation is further promoted.
In summary, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited too much, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be easily deduced, replaced, or substituted for some technical features without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The Australia crayfish breeding technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting an aquaculture pond: the area of the pond is 6-10 mu, the depth is 1.5-2m, the gradient is 1:3, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged in the pond, filter screens are arranged on the water inlet and the water outlet, an anti-escape net is arranged around the pond, and the anti-escape net is 50-80cm higher than a pond ridge;
s2, pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: pumping water in the pond, removing water animals on the surface of the pond, injecting water of 20-30 cm into the pond, standing for 10-12 days, uniformly sprinkling 80-120 jin of quicklime and 50-100 jin of tea bran per mu of pond, continuously standing for 3 days, and then injecting new water again;
s3, planting aquatic weeds: planting submerged plants and emergent aquatic plants in the pond, wherein the coverage rate is 50% -70%;
s4, putting the shrimp fries: in the middle and late ten days of May, after the aquatic weeds survive, when the water temperature is 18-28 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the water body in the pond to 7-8.5 by using quick lime or organic acid, putting shrimp seedlings with healthy activity and specification of 2-3cm, wherein the putting amount per mu is 6000 plus 5000 fish tails, and disinfecting 1-2 times by using a disinfectant in the whole pond after the shrimp seedlings are put;
s5, bait feeding: feeding the shrimp seedlings once a day after 2 days, feeding 0.3 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average every day, continuously feeding for three days, feeding 2 times a day, feeding 0.45 jin of shrimp larvae granular bait every 1 million shrimp seedlings on average every day, feeding 20-30% of the daily feeding amount in the morning, feeding 70-80% of the daily feeding amount in the evening, gradually increasing 0.6 jin every 7 days, feeding 50 days of lobsters to about 5cm, weighing the weight of the shrimps, and feeding 3-5% of the weight of the shrimps to obtain shrimp feed;
s6, bait supplement: after the adult lobster feed is fed, feeding natural baits for 3% -5% of the weight of the lobsters once every 5 days, wherein the natural baits comprise: 70% of animal protein bait and 30% of plant protein bait;
s7, water quality management: in the lobster breeding process, the transparency of the water in the pond is kept to be 30-40cm, the pH value of the water body is kept to be 7.5-8.5, the content of ammonia nitrogen in the water is less than 0.1mg/L, the content of nitrite in the water is less than 0.005mg/L, the water temperature is kept to be 10-36 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen amount in the breeding pond is not less than 5 mg/L.
2. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: the submerged plants in the step S3 include elodea nuttallii, hydrilla verticillata and eel grass, and the emergent plants include saxifrage, watermifoil and alternanthera philoxeroides.
3. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: in the step S4, when the shrimp seeds are thrown, the shrimp seeds may be placed in a shrimp basket, the shrimp basket is immersed in water to allow the shrimp seeds to adapt to the shrimp basket initially, the shrimp basket is lifted out of the water surface and stands for 2-5S, the shrimp basket is then placed in water, the shrimp basket is slowly tilted, and the shrimp seeds are thrown into the water.
4. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: in the step S4, after the shrimp larvae are thrown, silver carp and bighead carp may be thrown into the water.
5. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: the disinfectant in the step S4 is povidone iodine solution or glutaraldehyde.
6. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: in the step S5, probiotics and immunopotentiator can be added into the lobster feed, and the addition amount of the probiotics and the immunopotentiator is 3-5% of the weight of the feed.
7. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: the weighing calculation method of the shrimp weight in the step S5 comprises the following steps: and fishing out part of the shrimps in the pond, weighing, calculating the average weight of each shrimp, taking 80% of the total number of the fed shrimps as the total number of the shrimps in the pond, and multiplying the average weight of the shrimps by the total number of the shrimps to obtain the total weight of the shrimps in the pond.
8. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: the optimum water temperature in the pond in the step S7 is 23-35 ℃, wherein the water temperature is stably controlled by deepening the pond water depth.
9. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: in the culture process, the pond is required to be inspected every day, moss in the pond is cleaned in time, and if damage of the separation net of the water outlet and the water inlet is found, the moss needs to be repaired in time; when the severe weather of thunderstorm, hot days and cloudy days is met, the bait feeding needs to be reduced or stopped.
10. The technique of claim 1, wherein the technique comprises: the pond is also provided with microporous oxygen increasing equipment capable of increasing the oxygen content in the pond and intelligent control equipment for monitoring the dissolved oxygen content, the pH value and the temperature in the pond.
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| CN107616125A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-23 | 广西南宁胜祺安科技开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Australia freshwater lobster |
| CN107691316A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-16 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of Australia freshwater lobster ecologic breeding |
| CN108207723A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-29 | 衡阳县老战友农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Australia freshwater lobster cultivation |
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| CN107616125A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-23 | 广西南宁胜祺安科技开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Australia freshwater lobster |
| CN107691316A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-16 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of Australia freshwater lobster ecologic breeding |
| CN108207723A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-29 | 衡阳县老战友农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Australia freshwater lobster cultivation |
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| CN114271226A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-05 | 苏州恒洋澳龙农业科技有限公司 | Australia crayfish seedling raising method |
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