CN103891659B - Method for breeding Odontobutis obscura through fish-rice symbiosis in pool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for aquaculture, in particular to a method for breeding Odontobutis obscura through fish-rice symbiosis in a pool. According to the method, rice is planted in the pool for Odontobutis obscura aquaculture. The fish-rice symbiosis method is adopted for breeding food organisms in water to provide natural baits for fishes, and the rice is used for providing ingestion, shielding and inhabiting space for the fishes, shrimps, crabs and others; the fishes and the crabs prey on insect pests to control ineffective tillering of the rice; original ecology planting mode that no pesticide is sprayed, no fertilizer is applied, and residual baits and excrement are used as nutrients is adopted, , so that while the problem of nutrient enrichment of aquaculture water is effectively solved, shading and cooling are achieved in summer; heat preservation and temperature constancy are achieved in winter, an inhabiting place is provided for the bred variety, the growth period is prolonged, so that the breeding yield and quality and the specification on the market are improved, and the high yield and efficiency are achieved. According to the method, the production problem that wild and natural prey of the Odontobutis obscura is converted into artificial breeding is solved, the environment of breeding water quality, apparent availability and breeding production benefits are improved, and the method is of great importance in protecting natural resources.

Description

The method of sleeper fish is raised in the symbiosis of pondfish rice

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture method.

Background technology

Sleeper fish, formal name used at school Odontobulis mpotamophila ( odontoburis obscura), be a kind of small-sized carnivorous economic fish, with its without perverse between flesh, without fishlike smell, delicious meat, and deeply to welcome by consumers in general, have " Shanghai World Expo first dish " good reputation famous.Because the pollution of water environment and the cruel fishing of people are excessively captured, wild sleeper fish day by day reduces, and the market price constantly pushes away and rises.But sleeper fish belongs to the carnivorous small fishes of bottom, require to live in the water body that, dissolved oxygen pure and fresh in water quality is high, it is slowly travelling, row ambuscade property feeding method, and traditional pond high density pattern of specially supporting obtains high yield and acquires a certain degree of difficulty.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that sleeper fish is raised in pondfish rice symbiosis, the method adopts the pool, sleeper fishpond high yield intensive culture method, " symbiosis of the fish rice " technology of utilization not only purifies water, improve aquatic product quality, production fine quality rice simultaneously, has the triple role of restoration of the ecosystem, food security, grain security.

In order to realize above-mentioned object, present invention employs following technical scheme:

The method of sleeper fish is raised in the symbiosis of pondfish rice, and the method comprises the following steps:

1.1 ponds are selected and transformation

Select plant and culturing pool by nuisanceless aquatic products home environment standard-required, traffic convenience, pollution-free, illumination, have abundant water resources, water quality is good; Pond rectangle, East and West direction, area 3 mu ~ 10 mu, the dark 1.2m ~ 1.8m in pond, slope is than being 1:2.5, smooth water-tight at the bottom of pond; Best with clay loam at the bottom of pond, sandy soil takes second place, and silt depth 10cm ~ 20cm; Pond surrounding digs circular groove one, lower bottom width 70cm, upper bottom width 120cm, ditch depth 0.5m ~ 0.8m apart from 3m place, the ridge, pond in pond; Drainage mouth is set up at the two ends in pond separately, and water inlet installs double-deck 80 order ~ 100 order polyethylene screen clothes; Being equipped with power is oxygen increasing equipment at the bottom of the microporous pipe of 0.25kw/ mu ~ 0.3kw/ mu;

1.2 put front preparation in a suitable place to breed

1.2.1 clean up the pond, apply fertilizer

February ~ March carries out pond Gan Tang, tan by the sun and repair, retrofit work; Sterilize with pond complete after 150 ㎏/mu ~ 200 ㎏/mu quicklime water and leave nothing usable to the invading enemy at the beginning of 3 months; Clean up the pond and within latter 7 days ~ 10 days, start water inlet, to face, pool depth of water 10cm, discharge through fermentation fertilizer 200kg/ mu ~ 250kg/ mu;

1.2.2 food organisms are cultivated

Apply fertilizer latter 10 days ~ 15 days, at the water peanut of Yu Gouchu water surface planting through sterilization, with little bamboo bar, polyethylene rope is fixed into band shape; Throw in natural healthy rice shrimp 3kg/ mu, pseudorasbora parva Huo Bitterling Welfare fish 5kg/ mu of fishing for; Throw something and feed every other day a small amount of mash feed, late March rises, check that pseudorasbora parva Huo Bitterling Welfare fish lays eggs every day, hatch and rice shrimp oogenesis, hatching situation, impose a small amount of compound organic fertilizer again depending on water quality situation, carry out the cultivation of fish, shrimp seedling; Using fry, Magna zoea larva, shrimp seedling, rice shrimp as Odontobutis obscura food organisms;

1.2.3 seedling, transplanting

Select " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice, mid-April, adopt seedling-cultivation plate seedling, May early and middle ten days, when rice shoot 3 leaf ~ 4 leaf age, manually be transplanted to smooth place at the bottom of pond, seeding row spacing is 0.5m × 0.5m ~ 0.6m × 0.6m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, every clump 2 ~ 3, planted area is 50% ~ 60% of the pond water surface, keeps water level 5cm ~ 10cm;

1.3 seeds are put in a suitable place to breed

1.3.1 sleeper fish fingerling stocking

Rice seedlings are turned green, after tiller, by the end of May ~ early June puts in a suitable place to breed anosis without wound, physique stalwartness, neat specification, energetic sleeper fish summer flower fingerling, and breeding density is 3600 tails/mu ~ 4000 tail/mu;

1.3.2 to arrange in pairs or groups fingerling stocking

Collocation put in a suitable place to breed in ecological and feeding habits with sleeper fish Lothrus apterus breed variety; After rice seedlings are turned green, stocking size is 50g/ tail ~ 100g/ tail Plagiognathops microlepis fingerling 100 Wei ∕ mu; Put Young grass carp fingerling 20 tails/mu, silver carp summer flower fingerling 100 tails/mu, variegated carp summer flower fingerling 40 tails/mu in a suitable place to breed; After rice seedlings tiller, the crab kind 80/mu of stocking size 40/kg ~ 60/kg; Put oogenesis freshwater shrimp 5kg/ mu mid-June in a suitable place to breed, continue water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer, part shrimp seedling is as the natural bait of sleeper fish;

1.4 field management and feeding and management

1.4.1 field management

" shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice manages according to the mode of ecosystem plantation in the sleeper fish culture pool; Growing period, not dry field, without the need to apply paddy rice dedicated fertilizer, the time of infertility not spraying pesticide; Mainly water table management and insect pest control; Transplant in latter 5 days, pond keeps 10cm water layer, to fully tillering; Thereafter, need and the plant height of paddy rice according to breeding production, progressively flood, water level does not flood lobus cardiacus and is as the criterion;

1.4.2 feeding and management

In whole breeding process, feeding and management is based on sleeper fish, and regularly carry out sleeper fish and ingest that situation, body are long, body weight inspection, food organisms situation of change, to keep natural bait plentifully; The cultivation middle and later periods, note observing, small fish alive of suitably throwing something and feeding if desired;

Periodic monitoring water quality index, and carry out relative recording; Keep pH value 7.5 ~ 8.6, more than dissolved oxygen 4mg/L in water, cultivation later stage transparency requirement 40cm ~ 50cm; Breeding process is substantially without the need to changing water, and along with fish body increases, progressively flood, final water level remains on 1.0m ~ 1.2m;

Every day sooner or later respectively patrols the pool 1 time, observes the ingesting of fish body in pond, growing state and active situation, observes the situation of change of water quality and food organisms, and open end oxygenation according to weather and dissolved oxygen in water situation in good time;

1.5 in time gather in the crops, go on the market in good time

1.5.1 paddy rice harvesting

In October, when spike of rice grain grain husk shell more than 95% turns yellow, seed is hardening, adopts the mode of harvesting " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 spike of rice to gather in the crops when rice leaf turns to be yellow gradually;

1.5.2 aquatic products are fished for

Mid or late September, before river crab runs away, fish for river crab list marketing with cage river crab;

Sleeper fish was gathered in the crops to March in January in next year; Cage can be taked during results to catch stay greatly little, gather in the crops freshwater shrimp simultaneously.

The present invention is owing to have employed above-mentioned technical scheme, and adopting the novel fish pond kind rice pattern of " breeding combination, the symbiosis of fish rice ", is the new method realizing the high yield intensive culture of the pool, sleeper fishpond.I.e. rice cultivation in sleeper fish culture pond, adopts " symbiosis of fish rice " method, cultivates food organisms for fish and provide natural bait in water; Utilize that paddy rice is fish, shrimp, crab etc. provide ingest, hidden, perch space; Fish, crab predation insect, control rice ineffective tillering; Paddy rice is not sprayed medicine, does not apply fertilizer, and utilizes residual bait, ight soil as the original ecology cultivating pattern of nutrition, while effectively solving breeding water body nutrition accumulation problem, and Shading in Summer, cooling; Winter protection constant temperature, for breed variety provides habitat, extends vegetative period, thus improves cultured output, quality and listing specification, realize highly efficient and productive.This method fishes for from wild the production problem changing and propagate artificially for solving sleeper fish naturally, improve cultivate water environment, improve apparent availability and breeding production benefit, and protection natural resources is significant.

Embodiment

materials and methods

1.1 ponds are selected and transformation

Select plant and culturing pool by nuisanceless aquatic products home environment standard-required, traffic convenience, pollution-free, illumination, have abundant water resources, water quality is good.Pond rectangle, East and West direction, area 3 mu ~ 10 mu, the dark 1.2m ~ 1.8m in pond, slope is than being 1:2.5, smooth water-tight at the bottom of pond.Best with clay loam at the bottom of pond, sandy soil takes second place, and silt depth 10cm ~ 20cm.Pond surrounding digs circular groove one, lower about bottom width 70cm, upper about bottom width 120cm, ditch depth 0.5m ~ 0.8m apart from 3m place, the ridge, pond in pond.Drainage mouth is set up at the two ends in pond separately, and water inlet installs double-deck 80 order ~ 100 order polyethylene screen clothes.Being equipped with power is oxygen increasing equipment at the bottom of the microporous pipe of 0.25kw/ mu ~ 0.3kw/ mu.

Pond selected by the present invention is positioned at 2 mouthfuls of ponds of water purification fishing base, Jiashan County, area 18.2 mu, the water surface 15 mu, clay loam at the bottom of pond, the dark 1.6m in pond.Other condition, pond transformation, the outfit of end oxygenation facility etc. are the same.

put front preparation in a suitable place to breed

1.2.1 clean up the pond, apply fertilizer

February ~ March carries out pond Gan Tang, tan by the sun and repair, the work such as transformation.Sterilize with pond complete after 150 ㎏/mu ~ 200 ㎏/mu quicklime water, leave nothing usable to the invading enemy at the beginning of 3 months.Clean up the pond and within latter 7 days ~ 10 days, start water inlet, to face, the pool about depth of water 10cm, discharge through fermentation fertilizer 200kg/ mu ~ 250kg/ mu.

food organisms are cultivated

Apply fertilizer latter 10 days ~ 15 days, at the water peanut of Yu Gouchu water surface planting through sterilization, with little bamboo bar, polyethylene rope is fixed into band shape; Throw in natural healthy rice shrimp 3kg/ mu, pseudorasbora parva Huo Bitterling Welfare fish 5kg/ mu of fishing for.A small amount of mash feed throw something and feed every other day as rice bran, wheat bran etc., and late March rises, check that pseudorasbora parva Huo Bitterling Welfare fish lays eggs every day, hatch and rice shrimp oogenesis, hatching situation, impose a small amount of compound organic fertilizer again depending on water quality situation, carry out the cultivation of fish, shrimp seedling.Using fry, Magna zoea larva, shrimp seedling, rice shrimp as Odontobutis obscura food organisms.

seedling, transplanting

Select " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice, be Zhejiang University etc. for the biology of shrimp, crab, fish on bottom layer and breeding ecological requirement, adopt the efficient and environment-friendly type paddy rice breeding that modern biotechnology is cultivated.This plant type of rice is tall and big, and plant height can reach 1.7m ~ 1.9m, and blade is large and grow, cane is sturdy, and upper can the growth of each rice joint forms flourishing water root palpus, the nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer in efficient absorption bed mud and water body, whole process can be grown in the aquaculture water of 1.0m ~ 1.2m, without the need to roasting field.

Mid-April, adopt seedling-cultivation plate seedling, May early and middle ten days, when rice shoot 3 leaf ~ 4 leaf age, be manually transplanted to smooth place at the bottom of pond, seeding row spacing is 0.5m × 0.5m ~ 0.6m × 0.6m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, every clump 2 ~ 3, planted area is 50% ~ 60% of the pond water surface, keeps water level 5cm ~ 10cm.

seed is put in a suitable place to breed

1.3.1 sleeper fish fingerling stocking

Rice seedlings are turned green, after tiller, by the end of May ~ early June puts in a suitable place to breed anosis without wound, physique stalwartness, neat specification, energetic sleeper fish summer flower fingerling, and breeding density is 3600 tails/mu ~ 4000 tail/mu.

collocation fingerling stocking

For making full use of pond waters space, to control in water duckweed etc., increasing cultured output and benefit simultaneously, can arrange in pairs or groups put in a suitable place to breed in ecological and feeding habits with sleeper fish Lothrus apterus breed variety.After rice seedlings are turned green, stocking size is 50g/ tail ~ 100g/ tail Plagiognathops microlepis fingerling 100 Wei ∕ mu; Put Young grass carp fingerling 20 tails/mu, silver carp summer flower fingerling 100 tails/mu, variegated carp summer flower fingerling 40 tails/mu in a suitable place to breed; After rice seedlings tiller, the crab kind 80/mu of stocking size 40/kg ~ 60/kg; Put oogenesis freshwater shrimp 5kg/ mu mid-June in a suitable place to breed, continue water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer, part shrimp seedling is as the natural bait of sleeper fish.

field management and feeding and management

1.4.1 field management

" shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice manages according to the mode of ecosystem plantation in the sleeper fish culture pool.Growing period, not dry field, without the need to apply paddy rice dedicated fertilizer, the time of infertility not spraying pesticide.Mainly water table management and insect pest control.Transplant in latter 5 days, pond keeps about 10cm water layer, to fully tillering.Thereafter, need and the plant height of paddy rice according to breeding production, progressively flood, water level does not flood lobus cardiacus and is as the criterion.

feeding and management

In whole breeding process, feeding and management is based on sleeper fish, and regularly carry out sleeper fish and ingest that situation, body are long, body weight inspection, food organisms situation of change, to keep natural bait plentifully.The cultivation middle and later periods, particularly 7,8,9 three months, note observing, small fish etc. alive of suitably throwing something and feeding if desired.

Periodic monitoring water quality index, and carry out relative recording.Keep pH value 7.5 ~ 8.6, more than dissolved oxygen 4mg/L in water, cultivation later stage transparency requirement 40cm ~ 50cm.Breeding process is substantially without the need to changing water, and along with fish body increases, progressively flood, final water level remains on 1.0m ~ 1.2m.

Every day sooner or later respectively patrols the pool 1 time, observes the ingesting of fish body in pond, growing state and active situation, observes the situation of change of water quality and food organisms, and open end oxygenation according to weather and dissolved oxygen in water situation in good time.

timely results, to go on the market in good time

1.5.1 paddy rice harvesting

In October, when spike of rice grain grain husk shell more than 95% turns yellow, seed is hardening, adopts the mode of harvesting " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 spike of rice to gather in the crops when rice leaf turns to be yellow gradually.

aquatic products are fished for

Mid or late September, before river crab runs away, fish for river crab list marketing with cage river crab.

Sleeper fish is also different in Various Seasonal price, and the market price in usual January in next year to March is higher.Cage can be taked during results to catch stay greatly little, gather in the crops freshwater shrimp simultaneously, sell in good time, to obtain best economic benefit.

result

2.1 major product

" symbiosis of fish rice " pond, results sleeper fish crop is 166kg/ mu, maximum specification 164g/ tail, minimum gauge 25g/ tail, average size 61.73g/ tail, survival rate 75%; River crab 10.5 kg/ mu, average size 181g/ is only; Freshwater shrimp 15kg/ mu, average 201/kg; The fish totally 40 kg/ mus such as silver carp, flathead, silver xenocypris; Paddy 286 kg/ mu, i.e. rice 194.5 kg/ mu, milled rice rate is 68%.

economic Benefit Accounting

" symbiosis of fish rice " every mu, pond input cost 12408 yuan, output 30504 yuan, mu profit 18096 yuan.

Mu benefit=per mu yield is worth 30504 yuan of-mu of costs 12408 yuan=18096 yuan (referring to table 1).

table 1 " symbiosis of fish rice " pond unit are (mu) drops into, output list

3. analyze and discuss

3.1 No. 1, " shrimp crab is rich " seed rice, is particularly suitable for cultivating in pond

From paddy growth angle, southern area development rice field breeding technology is more much more difficult than northern area.Because north paddy rice need not bake field, and northern damage by disease and insect is few, and particularly some animal migration insect pests such as rice fulgorid are few.The traditional Rice Cropping technological requirement shallow water duty in southern area is filled with, roasting field and applying pesticides repeatedly, to kill animal migration insect pest.Shallow water duty is filled with, roasting field and reserve-water-raise-fish this cause paddy fields in south china to breed fish to implement area all the time little to contradiction, promotion rate is slow.And " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 this new rice variety, its cane is sturdy, thicker than common rice stem 1 ~ 3 times, bar skin wall thickness and hard, non-lodging; Blade is grown greatly, and biological yield is large, well developed root system, and particularly often joint forms flourishing water root, and energy efficient absorption N/P is fertile, therefore has the title of " reed rice ".

" shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 paddy rice requires deep water plantation, and its rice straw can increasing and stretch with the pond depth of water, is genuine " water rise rice high ", the highest more than 2m.Its plant (0.6m) space is large, and ventilation and penetrating light is good, and paddy bacterial disease not easily occurs; And the insect of hazard rice (striped rice borer, paddy stem borer, rice fulgorid etc.) generally invades from paddy rice base portion, to suck the juice of rice straw, insect pest can be controlled after deep water plantation and occur.Therefore, No. 1, " shrimp crab is rich " has that resistant to lodging, disease-resistant, pest-resistant, resistance to fertility is strong, tillering ability strong (individual plant can tiller 28 ~ 45 strains), do not need roasting field, grow fast feature, nutrition required by it is higher than common rice about 2 ~ 3 times, can not grow the paddy rice of so large plant type in common rice field.And crawl is just meeting this paddy growth requirement: there is fertile soil property, be adapted at planting in the cultivating pool of 1.0m ~ 1.5m.

The spike of rice (average out to 26cm) that No. 1, " shrimp crab is rich " is than common spike of rice (average 16cm) long more than 60%, and therefore, this paddy rice is the kind of high yield.Its rice has the long particle shape of long-grained nonglutinous rice, the delicious mouthfeel of polished rice, and attempt through constituent parts, this rice is cooked into after meal, all reaches the standard of high quality white rice in outward appearance and mouthfeel.This test plant that area accounts for pond water area 50%, the output of paddy just reaches 286kg/ mu (because there is a large amount of sparrow grazing eclipse paddy on the later stage test pool, its actual production is taller), and as with the conversion of common rice cultivated area, then per mu yield reaches 572kg.Rationally plant area as paddy rice in pond, need experimental study further from now on.

2 ponds substitute pasture and water with paddy rice, implement " symbiosis of fish rice ", for the fishery of development water purification creates good condition

From aqiuculrue angle, for preventing Water Eutrophication after bait throwing in, water body needs the plant of denitrogenation, dephosphorization.From the nineties in last century, the ecological crab farming technology that it is core that scientific and technical personnel promote with pond cultivation pasture and water, is formed " water-bed forest ", implements " symbiosis of crab grass ", achieves positive effect, apply in the whole nation.But the pasture and water mankind can not directly eat, its biomass is more much lower than paddy rice, and the ability that pasture and water purify water is low more than paddy rice.Therefore, substitute pasture and water with paddy rice, change into " crab (fish, shrimp) rice symbiosis " with " crab (fish, shrimp) careless symbiosis ", not only produce required grain mankind every day, and effectively improve and purified pond water quality; Paddy rice has not only added the biomass in pond, and for sleeper fish and food organisms thereof---small fish shrimp provides habitat and metastable ecotope, improves the survival rate of sleeper fish culture, growth rate, yield and quality.Local midsummer in 2013 temperature up to 40 DEG C, the highest water temperature reaches 35 DEG C, and " symbiosis of fish rice " pond has a large amount of paddy rice to shade due to pond side waterborne, therefore pond water temperature ratio " symbiosis of crab grass " pond is low about 3 DEG C, and this is just conducive to the growth of fish, shrimp, crab.According to statistics, the pond of " symbiosis of fish rice ", high density puts into fry then in a suitable place to breed, and the sleeper fish of the overwhelming majority all reaches commercial specification, accomplishes nursery then, goes on the market then; And the river crab in pond, it goes out the pond that pond specification is obviously greater than " symbiosis of crab grass ", and maximum river crab reaches 290g.As can be seen here, this paddy rice and fish, shell-fish form the same ecosystem, be conducive to cultivation object growth, still name as " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice.

From pond water environmental, traditional aquaculture, after a large amount of bait throwing in, the energy of about 10% is only had to be utilized, and the material of 90% (a large amount of residual bait, excreta, organic matter and corpse thereof) exits pond material recycle, be deposited at the bottom of pond, become pond sludge, this is the basic reason causing body eutrophication.Too much mud easily causes water hypoxia, water quality deterioration summer, also can produce a large amount of organic acids, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia etc., and particularly harmful germ, parasite etc., have a strong impact on Fish Survival.Therefore, traditional aquaculture cannot raise the limpid special aquatic products such as sleeper fish, river crab, freshwater shrimp of water quality requirement.Not only resistance to fertility is strong for " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice, and the root system of prosperity and powerful tillering ability, effectively reduce the nitrogen in water and pond sludge and phosphorus content, improve substrate and water quality, be not only fish, river crab, freshwater shrimp cover support kind provide perch, sheltered situation, also can be the vegetable feed that it provides tasty, promote that it grows fast.Conversely, fish, shrimp, crab ingest insect pest in rice field, the weeds of removing in rice field, loose paddy soil, its ight soil and residual bait are again the organic manure of paddy rice the best, and apply fertilizer equably, incessantly in rice field, be conducive to paddy growth, and produce without chemical fertilizer, ecosystem rice without agricultural chemicals.Combined by breeding, they interdepend, promote mutually, condition each other, form the same ecosystem---the ecosystem of " symbiosis of fish rice ".Pond is after breeding, and the nitrogen in its water body and phosphorus are lower than the nitrogen of source water and phosphorus, and the breeding mode of this agricultural, belongs to " no pollution, negative emission " type, can become the typical module of development water purification fishery.

" symbiosis of fish rice " pattern, comprehensive benefit highlights

Rice cultivation in the pond of raising sleeper fish, utilizes its rich water and fertile pond sludge, without chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, not only produce " the ecological rice in fishpond ", and purified water quality, improve fish crop, its economic benefit is far away higher than the cultivation of light water product kind and Rice Cropping.Reach and increase fish, steady grain, the object of increasing both production and income, to guaranteeing that grain security strategy is significant.The more important thing is enforcement " breeding combination ", " paddy rice+aquatic products ", the complex ecosystem that pond changes rice into by the single ecosystem, fish, crab combine, " water dual-purpose, the many receipts in ground ", not only increase the availability of soil and water resource, and combined by breeding, save the productive expenditure that rice does labour, decrease the use of chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals; Not only reduce widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area, improve agroecological environment, and improve the quality of river crab and paddy rice.Not only social benefit, economic benefit significantly improve, and ecological benefits are remarkable.In sum, the comprehensive benefit of this technology can use following equation expression:

" aquatic products+paddy rice=grain security+food security+ecological safety+increasing peasant income+reducing enterprise cost ", 1+1=5.

Claims (1)

1. the method for sleeper fish is raised in the symbiosis of pondfish rice, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

1.1 ponds are selected and transformation

Select plant and culturing pool by nuisanceless aquatic products home environment standard-required, traffic convenience, pollution-free, illumination, have abundant water resources, water quality is good; Pond rectangle, East and West direction, area 3 mu ~ 10 mu, the dark 1.2m ~ 1.8m in pond, slope is than being 1:2.5, smooth water-tight at the bottom of pond; Clay loam is selected at the bottom of pond, and silt depth 10cm ~ 20cm; Pond surrounding digs circular groove one, lower bottom width 70cm, upper bottom width 120cm, ditch depth 0.5m ~ 0.8m apart from 3m place, the ridge, pond in pond; Drainage mouth is set up at the two ends in pond separately, and water inlet installs double-deck 80 order ~ 100 order polyethylene screen clothes; Being equipped with power is oxygen increasing equipment at the bottom of the microporous pipe of 0.25kw/ mu ~ 0.3kw/ mu;

1.2 put front preparation in a suitable place to breed

1.2.1 clean up the pond, apply fertilizer

February ~ March carries out pond Gan Tang, tan by the sun and repair, retrofit work; Sterilize with pond complete after 150 ㎏/mu ~ 200 ㎏/mu quicklime water, leave nothing usable to the invading enemy at the beginning of 3 months; Clean up the pond and within latter 7 days ~ 10 days, start water inlet, to face, pool depth of water 10cm, discharge through fermentation fertilizer 200kg/ mu ~ 250kg/ mu;

1.2.2 food organisms are cultivated

Apply fertilizer latter 10 days ~ 15 days, at the water peanut of Yu Gouchu water surface planting through sterilization, with little bamboo bar, polyethylene rope is fixed into band shape; Throw in natural healthy rice shrimp 3kg/ mu, pseudorasbora parva Huo Bitterling Welfare fish 5kg/ mu of fishing for; Throw something and feed every other day a small amount of mash feed, late March rises, check that pseudorasbora parva Huo Bitterling Welfare fish lays eggs every day, hatch and rice shrimp oogenesis, hatching situation, impose a small amount of compound organic fertilizer again depending on water quality situation, carry out the cultivation of fish, shrimp seedling; Using fry, Magna zoea larva, shrimp seedling, rice shrimp as Odontobutis obscura food organisms;

1.2.3 seedling, transplanting

Select " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice, mid-April, adopt seedling-cultivation plate seedling, May early and middle ten days, when rice shoot 3 leaf ~ 4 leaf age, manually be transplanted to smooth place at the bottom of pond, seeding row spacing is 0.5m × 0.5m ~ 0.6m × 0.6m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, every clump 2 ~ 3, planted area is 50% ~ 60% of the pond water surface, keeps water level 5cm ~ 10cm;

1.3 seeds are put in a suitable place to breed

1.3.1 sleeper fish fingerling stocking

Rice seedlings are turned green, after tiller, by the end of May ~ early June puts in a suitable place to breed anosis without wound, physique stalwartness, neat specification, energetic sleeper fish summer flower fingerling, and breeding density is 3600 tails/mu ~ 4000 tail/mu;

1.3.2 to arrange in pairs or groups fingerling stocking

Collocation put in a suitable place to breed in ecological and feeding habits with sleeper fish Lothrus apterus breed variety; After rice seedlings are turned green, stocking size is 50g/ tail ~ 100g/ tail Plagiognathops microlepis fingerling 100 Wei ∕ mu; Put Young grass carp fingerling 20 tails/mu, silver carp summer flower fingerling 100 tails/mu, variegated carp summer flower fingerling 40 tails/mu in a suitable place to breed; After rice seedlings tiller, the crab kind 80/mu of stocking size 40/kg ~ 60/kg; Put oogenesis freshwater shrimp 5kg/ mu mid-June in a suitable place to breed, continue water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer, part shrimp seedling is as the natural bait of sleeper fish;

1.4 field management and feeding and management

1.4.1 field management

" shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 fishing rice manages according to the mode of ecosystem plantation in the sleeper fish culture pool; Growing period, not dry field, without the need to apply paddy rice dedicated fertilizer, the time of infertility not spraying pesticide; Mainly water table management and insect pest control; Transplant in latter 5 days, pond keeps 10cm water layer, to fully tillering; Thereafter, need and the plant height of paddy rice according to breeding production, progressively flood, water level does not flood lobus cardiacus and is as the criterion;

1.4.2 feeding and management

In whole breeding process, feeding and management is based on sleeper fish, and regularly carry out sleeper fish and ingest that situation, body are long, body weight inspection, food organisms situation of change, to keep natural bait plentifully; The cultivation middle and later periods, note observing, small fish alive of suitably throwing something and feeding if desired;

Periodic monitoring water quality index, and carry out relative recording; Keep pH value 7.5 ~ 8.6, more than dissolved oxygen 4mg/L in water, cultivation later stage transparency requirement 40cm ~ 50cm; Breeding process is substantially without the need to changing water, and along with fish body increases, progressively flood, final water level remains on 1.0m ~ 1.2m;

Every day sooner or later respectively patrols the pool 1 time, observes the ingesting of fish body in pond, growing state and active situation, observes the situation of change of water quality and food organisms, and open end oxygenation according to weather and dissolved oxygen in water situation in good time;

1.5 in time gather in the crops, go on the market in good time

1.5.1 paddy rice harvesting

In October, when spike of rice grain grain husk shell more than 95% turns yellow, seed is hardening, adopts the mode of harvesting " shrimp crab is rich " No. 1 spike of rice to gather in the crops when rice leaf turns to be yellow gradually;

1.5.2 aquatic products are fished for

Mid or late September, before river crab runs away, fish for river crab list marketing with cage river crab;

Sleeper fish was gathered in the crops to March in January in next year; Cage can be taked during results to catch stay greatly little, gather in the crops freshwater shrimp simultaneously.