CN114532265A - Efficient comprehensive breeding and separating method for rice and shrimp - Google Patents
Efficient comprehensive breeding and separating method for rice and shrimp Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting rice shrimps, which comprises the following steps of S1, field engineering standardization modification: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, good water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage to develop comprehensive planting of rice and shrimps, wherein the area of each field block is preferably 20-60 mu, the field blocks are rectangular, and the length-width ratio is 2: 1; the water inlet system is an open channel, the depth of the water inlet system is 50cm, the bottom width of the water inlet system is 30-40 cm, and the section of the cement slope protection is trapezoidal; s2, green cultivation of rice: raising seedlings from late ten days of month 5 to early 6 months, and transplanting in late middle 6 months; the fertilization is mainly carried out by using a base fertilizer, and 100-150 kg/mu of decomposed manure and 15-20 kg/mu of compound fertilizer are used as the base fertilizer; s3, accurate and efficient crayfish breeding: promoting the early mating, oviposition, hatching and growth of young crayfishes by a method at least comprising the steps of erecting a sunshade net for cooling, stressing parent shrimp cave in a field or a pond, returning water for planting grass and increasing nutrition; the invention adopts a breeding mode of rice and shrimp breeding separation and stubble cleaning to achieve the aim of continuously producing large-size crayfish, and the crayfish has strong market competitiveness and improves economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting rice shrimps.
Background
The crayfish (academia clarkii) belongs to the genera of the class of the arthritic animals, the class of crustaceans, the family of crayfish and the family of procambarus, has delicious meat taste and rich nutrition, is popular among people and is a main variety for breeding the crayfish at present. In recent years, due to the rapid increase of market demand, the natural resources of crayfishes are rapidly reduced, and the price is gradually increased, so that the market demand is met through scientific culture.
The method for breeding the freshwater crayfishes in the rice field is an operation mode which utilizes the shallow water environment of the rice field and is assisted by artificial measures to breed rice and shrimp so as to improve the unit area benefit of the rice field. The crayfish enters the rice field, so that the rice cultivation cost can be reduced, and the rice cultivation benefit can be increased. The paddy field is a comprehensive ecological system, and the fertilizer applied to the rice cultivation can meet the growth and development of the rice and provide excellent natural conditions for the growth of other animals and plants in the paddy field. After the crayfishes are bred, the crayfishes have super strong adaptability and wide feeding property, all animals and plants except rice in a rice field can be utilized, the invalid consumption of nutrient components caused by the growth of weeds is avoided, the attack of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, and the medicine cost is greatly saved; therefore, crayfish is cultivated in the rice field, on one hand, the traditional cultivation mode of the rice planting area is changed, and on the premise that the grain planting area is not reduced, the utilization rate of the land is improved, and the output benefit of the rice field is improved; on the other hand, the method utilizes the shrimps to prey on the insects in the rice field, maintains the ecological environment of the rice field, and realizes the purposes of culturing the shrimps in the rice field and culturing the rice by the shrimps.
In the existing rice and shrimp co-culture technology, after the previous batch of rice and shrimp is cultured, partial crayfishes are left in a rice field due to the living habits of crayfishes living in holes. In the next breeding period, the crayfishes are propagated in a large amount, and the breeding seed density is too high, so that the crayfishes are small in size, poor in overall quality, free of market competitiveness and reduced in economic benefit; if the mode of catching large crayfish is adopted, the caught crayfish is left in the ground cage for a long time, the space of the ground cage is narrow and small, and the crayfish is lack of oxygen, so the crayfish is subjected to dehydration and extrusion damage, after being put back into water again, the crayfish is greatly stressed, the survival rate is actually low, and in addition, the crayfish in the water is in a stressed state for a long time due to frequent use of the ground cage, and the growth speed is slowed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency comprehensive breeding method for rice and shrimp breeding separation, which adopts a breeding mode of rice and shrimp breeding separation and stubble cleaning to achieve the aim of continuously producing large-size crayfish, has strong market competitiveness, improves economic benefit and solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding rice shrimps comprises the following steps:
s1, field engineering standardization modification
S1-1, selecting field blocks: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, good water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage to develop comprehensive planting of rice and shrimps, wherein the area of each field block is preferably 20-60 mu, the field blocks are rectangular, and the length-width ratio of the field blocks is 2: 1;
s1-2, earth excavation: excavating a 'return' type annular ditch, wherein the width of an upper opening of the ditch is 3.0-5.0 m, the width of a lower opening of the ditch is 1.0-2.0 m, the depth of the ditch is 1.2-1.5 m, and the slope ratio is 1: 1; except the ditching part, the other parts cannot be excavated, and the ditch accounts for no more than 10 percent of the total area of the rice field;
s1-3, ridge construction: tamping, reinforcing, widening and heightening ridges layer by using soil for excavating circular ditches; the slope ratio of the field ridge after transformation is 1:1.5, the ridge is 0.8-1.0 m higher than the field surface, and the ridge surface width is 2.0-3.0 m;
s1-4, construction of a water inlet and drainage system: the water inlet system is an open channel, the depth of the water inlet system is 50cm, the bottom width of the water inlet system is 30-40 cm, the section of the cement slope protection is trapezoidal, and the specific reduction is 1 per thousand, or a U-shaped groove structure; the water inlet is controlled by a check gate, the water inlet is a PVC pipe with the diameter of 15-20 cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 20-30 cm higher than the highest water level of cultivation, and a 60-mesh long screen is sleeved at the pipe orifice; the width of the drainage ditch is 1.0-3.0 m, and the ditch bottom is 20-30 cm lower than the culture circular ditch; a drain pipe is arranged at the drain outlet, and the drain pipe is a corrugated pipe with the pipe diameter of 20 cm;
s1-5, supporting facilities: reserving a tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk with the width of 3.0-4.0 m on one side of the main road along the rice field, and constructing corresponding escape-proof and pest-proof facilities;
s2 Green cultivation of Rice
S2-1, variety selection: selecting a high-yield and multi-resistance rice variety with thick and strong stems, good tillering performance, strong stress resistance and outstanding taste;
s2-2, green transplanting: raising seedlings from late ten days of month 5 to early 6 months, and transplanting in late middle 6 months; according to local production conditions, a manual large seedling transplanting mode and a pot seedling mechanical transplanting mode can be adopted; the seedling age of the mechanical transplanting is about 25 days, and the seedling age of the manual transplanting is about 35 days; the number of the planting holes per mu is not less than 1.2 ten thousand; 2 seedlings of hybrid indica rice or japonica rice in each hole, and 3-4 seedlings of conventional japonica rice in each hole; 2-3 days after transplanting, ventilating and oxygenating in an open field to promote green turning and survival and rooting and tillering, and circulating for 2-3 times;
s2-3, water level control: the water level is regulated according to the growth characteristics of the crayfishes and the rice, and the water level is regulated completely according to the growth requirements of the crayfishes in the non-rice cultivation period; after 6 months of rice transplanting, entering a co-cropping period, and performing thin water turning green, shallow water tillering and water level control to about 5cm at the early stage; drying the seedlings in the field, draining the water on the surface of the field, and baking in the sun for 2 times, each time for 3-5 days; controlling the water level at about 10cm during booting period; after heading, performing dry-wet alternate management, and controlling the water level to be 15-20 cm during a high-temperature period; the rice is reduced to 30cm below the surface of the field 1 week before harvesting, and the rice can be harvested after the field is dry;
s2-4, fertilizer application: fertilizing mainly by using a base fertilizer, taking 100-150 kg/mu of decomposed manure and 15-20 kg/mu of compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, feeding water into a rice field 10-15 days before rice field transplanting, soaking the rice field, harrowing the rice field after water feeding, and pressing the base fertilizer into field mud; the rice field topdressing mainly comprises tillering fertilizer and spike fertilizer, urea constant-speed nitrogen fertilizer is preferably applied, and the single application amount is not more than 5 kg/mu;
s2-5, pest control: installing an insecticidal lamp about every 20 mu, using an attractant and planting vetiver grass beside ridges to control pests, wherein the pests at least comprise borers; seedling treatment is carried out, field pesticide application is reduced, and emergency prevention and control are carried out by using safe pesticide for crayfishes in the rice field when migratory flying pests burst or ear stage disease prevalence; paying attention to protection of beneficial organisms such as natural enemies and the like, and fully utilizing crayfish ingestion habits to control weeds and prevent insects;
s3 accurate and efficient crayfish breeding
S3-1, seedling breeding: the crayfish is promoted to breed and come into the market in advance, and the breeding benefit is effectively increased; the method at least comprises the steps of erecting a sunshade net for cooling, stressing parent shrimp cave dwelling in a field or a pond, returning water for planting grass and increasing nutrition, promotes the advancing mating, spawning, hatching and growth of young shrimps, and can be listed in advance for 15-30 days; the adult crayfish breeding and the fry breeding are carried out in different fields, and the ratio of the breeding area to the breeding area is 5-6: 1;
s3-2, stocking the seedlings: precise stocking and stubble cleaning; filling water in 2 months to submerge all crayfish holes, dewatering after three days, keeping the water depth at 30cm, removing all crayfish and wild trash fish by using 50ml of deltamethrin for each mu of water, detoxifying after half a month, and testing water before stocking; selecting young plants which are healthy and strong in physique, complete in appendages, pure in body color, uniform in specification, glossy and free of diseases nearby; putting 4000-5000 artificially-propagated shrimp seedlings per mu of 100-300 shrimp seedlings per kg;
s3-3, cultivating aquatic weeds: performing whole-field disinfection before the seedlings are put in the field for half a month, transplanting waterweeds 3-5 days after disinfection, planting waterweeds at least comprising elodea, hydrilla verticillata and alternanthera philoxeroides in the annular ditch, controlling the planting area to be about 40%, and transplanting the elodea philoxeroides in the field, controlling the planting area to be about 20%;
s3-4, water quality regulation: the water quality is kept fresh through accurate regulation and control; changing water for 1 time every 7-10 days in normal weather conditions, and changing water for 1 time in 3-5 days in high-temperature seasons; prolonging the oxygenation time, splashing an oxygenation agent, increasing the dissolved oxygen in water and adjusting the pH value under the condition of continuous rainy days and low air pressure;
s3-5, feeding management: feeding is accurate, and the growth of crayfish is effectively promoted; flexibly controlling the feeding amount according to weather, water temperature, water quality and crayfish ingestion conditions, wherein the daily feeding amount accounts for 2-8% of the total amount of crayfish, and the bait mainly comprises compound feed; the application of antibacterial and pyrethroid pesticides is strictly prohibited;
s3-6, disease control: the principle of 'prevention is mainly used and prevention and control are combined' is followed; spraying 75-100 kg/mu of quicklime water to the whole field 15 days before putting seedlings to remove harmful organisms; before breeding, soaking and sterilizing the seedlings for 10 minutes by using 10-20 mg/L potassium permanganate solution or 3-5% salt solution;
s3-7, fishing: continuously fishing the crayfish in the middle and last 6 th months to the middle and last 7 th months, generally fishing the crayfish in ground cages, and timely collecting the crayfish to prevent the crayfish from entering the cages to cause oxygen deficiency and death.
The invention has the further improvement scheme that in the step S1-5, micropore oxygenation facilities are matched and are equipped according to the power of 0.1 kw/mu, and micropore pipes are distributed in the circular ditches.
In a further development of the invention, in step S3-2, the transportation time of the crayfishes should not exceed 2 hours.
In a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3-4, the biological agent is periodically used to adjust the water quality.
In a further development of the invention, the biological agent comprises at least EM bacteria and bacillus.
In a further improvement scheme of the invention, in the step S3-5, no fertilizer or pesticide is used in the shelling period of the crayfish.
In a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3-6, an immunopotentiator is added to the feed periodically.
In a further improvement of the invention, the immunopotentiator at least comprises rhubarb, vitamin C and chitosan.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a breeding mode of rice and shrimp breeding separation and stubble cleaning to achieve the aim of continuously producing large-size crayfish, the market competitiveness of the crayfish is strong, and the economic benefit is improved; through technical measures such as field engineering standardization transformation, environment ecological construction, accurate use of input products, accurate regulation and control of water quality and water and fertilizer, selection of rice varieties and the like, the double harvest of rice and shrimps is finally realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a field project for the efficient and comprehensive breeding method of rice and shrimp.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the field engineering of the efficient comprehensive breeding method for breeding, separating and planting rice and shrimp.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example 1: a method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding rice shrimps comprises the following steps:
s1, performing standardized transformation on field engineering, and referring to the figures 1-2:
s1-1, selecting field blocks: the method comprises the steps of selecting fields with sufficient water source, good water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage to carry out comprehensive planting of rice and shrimps, wherein the area of each field is preferably 20-60 mu, the field is rectangular, and the length-width ratio is 2: 1.
S1-2, earth excavation: excavating a 'return' type annular ditch, wherein the width of the upper opening of the ditch is 3.0m, the width of the lower opening of the ditch is 1.0m, the depth of the ditch is 1.2m, and the slope ratio is 1: 1; except the trenching part, the other parts can not be excavated, and the trench accounts for no more than 10 percent of the total area of the rice field.
S1-3, ridge construction: tamping, reinforcing, widening and heightening ridges layer by using soil for excavating circular ditches; the slope ratio of the field ridge after transformation is 1:1.5, the ridge is 0.8m higher than the field surface, and the ridge surface width is 2.0 m.
S1-4, construction of a water inlet and drainage system: the water inlet system is an open channel with the depth of 50cm and the bottom width of 30cm, the section of the cement slope protection is trapezoidal, and the specific reduction is 1 per thousand, or a U-shaped groove structure; the water inlet is controlled by a check gate, the water inlet is a PVC pipe with the diameter of 15cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 20cm higher than the highest water level of cultivation, and a 60-mesh long screen is sleeved at the pipe orifice; the width of the drainage ditch is 1.0m, and the bottom of the ditch is 20cm lower than the culture circular ditch; a drain pipe is arranged at the drain outlet, and the drain pipe is a corrugated pipe with the pipe diameter of 20 cm; the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice field are arranged at two opposite corners of the rice field.
S1-5, supporting facilities: reserving a tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk with the width of 3.0m on one side of the main road in the rice field, and constructing corresponding escape-proof and enemy-proof facilities; the conditional microporous aerator needs to be matched with microporous oxygen increasing facilities, and the microporous pipes are distributed in the annular ditch according to the power of 0.1 kw/mu.
S2, green cultivation of rice
S2-1, variety selection: selecting a high-yield and multi-resistance rice variety with thick and strong stems, good tillering performance, strong stress resistance and outstanding taste.
S2-2, green transplanting: raising seedlings from late ten days of month 5 to early 6 months, and transplanting in late middle 6 months; according to local production conditions, a mode of artificial big seedling transplantation and pot (blanket) seedling mechanical transplanting can be adopted; the seedling age of the mechanical transplanting is about 25 days, and the seedling age of the manual transplanting is about 35 days; the number of planted holes per mu is not less than 1.2 ten thousand; 2 seedlings of hybrid indica (japonica) rice in each hole, and 3-4 seedlings of conventional japonica rice in each hole; and (3) ventilating and oxygenating in an open field 2-3 days after transplanting, promoting green turning and survival and rooting and tillering, and circulating for 2-3 times to accelerate the growth and development of earlier-stage plants.
S2-3, water level control: the water level is regulated according to the growth characteristics of the crayfishes and the rice, and the water level is regulated completely according to the growth requirements of the crayfishes in the non-rice cultivation period; after 6 months of rice transplanting, entering a co-cropping period, and performing thin water turning green, shallow water tillering and water level control to about 5cm at the early stage; drying the seedlings in the field, draining the water on the surface of the field, and baking in the sun for 2 times (each time for 3 days); controlling the water level at about 10cm during booting period; after heading, alternately managing the dry and wet conditions, and controlling the water level to be 15cm during the high-temperature period; the rice is harvested after the rice is dried after the rice is reduced to 30cm below the surface of the field 1 week before the rice is harvested.
S2-4, fertilizer application: fertilizing mainly by using a base fertilizer, taking 100-150 kg/mu of decomposed manure and 15-20 kg/mu of compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, feeding water into a rice field 10-15 days before rice field transplanting, soaking the rice field, harrowing the rice field after water feeding, and pressing the base fertilizer into field mud; the rice field topdressing mainly comprises tillering fertilizer and spike fertilizer, and is suitable for applying urea constant-speed nitrogen fertilizer, and the single application amount is not more than 5 kg/mu.
S2-5, pest control: controlling plant diseases and insect pests according to the principles of ecological pest control and green prevention and control; scientifically preparing land and ecologically controlling the weeds in the field by 'grass luring and killing'; the pests are controlled by a physical and biological method, a pest killing lamp is arranged every 20 mu or so, an application attractant is used, and vetiver grass is planted beside a ridge to prevent stem borers and the like; seedling treatment is carried out, field pesticide application is reduced, and emergency prevention and control are carried out by using safe pesticide for crayfishes in the rice field when migratory flying pests burst or ear stage disease prevalence; paying attention to protection of natural enemies and other beneficial organisms, and fully utilizing crayfish ingestion habits to control weeds and prevent insects.
S3 accurate and efficient crayfish breeding
S3-1, seedling breeding: in order to promote the crayfish to breed and come into the market in advance and effectively increase the breeding benefit, the crayfish can be promoted to mate, spawn, hatch and grow young crayfish in advance by erecting a sunshade net for cooling, stressing parent crayfish cave dwelling in a sunning field (pond), returning water for growing grass, increasing nutrition and the like in the breeding of the young crayfish in autumn, and the crayfish can come into the market 15-30 days in advance; the adult crayfish breeding and fry breeding are carried out in different fields, and the ratio of the breeding area to the breeding area is generally 5-6: 1.
S3-2, stocking the seedlings: precise stocking and stubble cleaning; filling water in 2 months to submerge all crayfish holes, dewatering after three days, keeping the water depth at 30cm, removing all crayfish and wild trash fish by using 50ml of deltamethrin for each mu of water, detoxifying after half a month, and testing water before stocking; young seedlings which are strong in physique, complete in appendages, pure in body color, uniform in specification, glossy and free of diseases are selected nearby, and the transportation time is not more than 2 hours; putting 4000-5000 artificially-propagated shrimp seedlings per mu of 100-300 shrimp seedlings per kg.
S3-3, cultivation of aquatic weeds: and (3) performing whole-field disinfection before the seedlings are put in the field for half a month, transplanting waterweeds 3-5 days after disinfection, planting the waterweeds, hydrilla verticillata, alternanthera philoxeroides and the like in the annular ditch, controlling the planting area to be about 40%, and transplanting the waterweeds in the field, wherein the planting area is controlled to be about 20%.
S3-4, water quality regulation: the water quality is kept fresh through accurate regulation and control; changing water for 1 time every 7-10 days in normal weather conditions, and changing water for 1 time in 3-5 days in high-temperature seasons; regularly using biological agents such as EM (effective microorganisms), bacillus and the like to adjust the water quality; and in continuous rainy days and under the condition of low air pressure, prolonging the oxygenation time, splashing an oxygenation agent, increasing dissolved oxygen in water and adjusting the pH value.
S3-5, feeding management: feeding is accurate, and the growth of crayfish is effectively promoted; flexibly controlling the bait feeding amount according to the weather, water temperature, water quality, crayfish ingestion and other conditions, wherein the daily feeding amount accounts for 2-8% of the total amount of crayfish, and the bait is mainly mixed feed; chemical fertilizers and pesticides cannot be used in the shelling period; the application of antibacterial and pyrethroid pesticides is strictly prohibited.
S3-6, disease control: the principle of 'prevention is mainly used and prevention and control are combined' is followed; spraying 75-100 kg/mu of quicklime water to the whole field 15 days before putting seedlings to remove harmful organisms; before breeding, soaking and sterilizing the seedlings for 10 minutes by using 10-20 mg/L potassium permanganate solution or 3-5% salt solution; the feed is added with the immunopotentiators such as rhubarb, vitamin C, chitosan and the like regularly to improve the immunity of the crayfish.
S3-7, fishing: continuously fishing the crayfish in the middle and last 6 th months to the middle and last 7 th months, generally fishing the crayfish in ground cages, and timely collecting the crayfish to prevent the crayfish from entering the cages to cause oxygen deficiency and death.
Example 2: a method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding rice shrimps comprises the following steps:
s1, performing standardized transformation on field engineering, and referring to the figures 1-2:
s1-1, selecting field blocks: the method comprises the steps of selecting fields with sufficient water source, good water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage to carry out comprehensive planting of rice and shrimps, wherein the area of each field is preferably 20-60 mu, the field is rectangular, and the length-width ratio is 2: 1.
S1-2, earth excavation: excavating a 'return' type annular ditch, wherein the width of the upper opening of the ditch is 5.0m, the width of the lower opening of the ditch is 2.0m, the depth of the ditch is 1.5m, and the slope ratio is 1: 1; except the trenching part, the other parts can not be excavated, and the trench accounts for no more than 10 percent of the total area of the rice field.
S1-3, ridge construction: tamping, reinforcing, widening and heightening ridges layer by using soil for excavating circular ditches; the slope ratio of the field ridge after transformation is 1:1.5, the ridge is 1.0m higher than the field surface, and the ridge surface width is 3.0 m.
S1-4, construction of a water inlet and outlet system: the water inlet system is an open channel with the depth of 50cm and the bottom width of 40cm, the section of the cement slope protection is trapezoidal, and the specific reduction is 1 per thousand, or a U-shaped groove structure; the water inlet is controlled by a check gate, the water inlet is a PVC pipe with the diameter of 20cm and is 30cm higher than the highest water level of cultivation, and a 60-mesh long screen is sleeved at the pipe orifice; the width of the drainage ditch is 3.0m, and the bottom of the ditch is 30cm lower than the culture circular ditch; a drain pipe is arranged at the drain outlet, and the drain pipe is a corrugated pipe with the pipe diameter of 20 cm; the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice field are arranged at two opposite corners of the rice field.
S1-5, supporting facilities: reserving a 4.0m wide tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk along one side of the main road in the rice field, and constructing corresponding escape-proof and enemy-proof facilities; the conditional microporous aerator needs to be matched with microporous oxygen increasing facilities, and the microporous pipes are distributed in the annular ditch according to the power of 0.1 kw/mu.
S2 Green cultivation of Rice
S2-1, variety selection: selecting a high-yield and multi-resistance rice variety with thick and strong stems, good tillering performance, strong stress resistance and outstanding taste.
S2-2, green rice transplanting: raising seedlings from late ten days of month 5 to early 6 months, and transplanting in late middle 6 months; according to local production conditions, a mode of artificial big seedling transplanting and pot (blanket) seedling mechanical transplanting can be adopted; the seedling age of the mechanical transplanting is about 25 days, and the seedling age of the manual transplanting is about 35 days; the number of planted holes per mu is not less than 1.2 ten thousand; 2 seedlings of hybrid indica (japonica) rice in each hole, and 3-4 seedlings of conventional japonica rice in each hole; and (4) ventilating and oxygenating in open field 2-3 days after transplanting, promoting green turning and live plant and rooting and tillering, and circulating for 2-3 times to accelerate the growth and development of prophase plants.
S2-3, water level control: the water level is regulated according to the growth characteristics of the crayfishes and the rice, and the water level is regulated completely according to the growth requirements of the crayfishes in the non-rice cultivation period; after 6 months of rice transplanting, entering a co-cropping period, and performing thin water turning green, shallow water tillering and water level control to about 5cm at the early stage; drying the seedlings in the field, draining the water on the surface of the field, and baking in the sun for 2 times (5 days each time); controlling the water level at about 10cm during booting period; after heading, alternately managing the dry and wet conditions, and controlling the water level to be 20cm during the high-temperature period; the rice is harvested after the rice is dried after the rice is reduced to 30cm below the surface of the field 1 week before the rice is harvested.
S2-4, fertilizer application: fertilizing mainly by using a base fertilizer, taking 100-150 kg/mu of decomposed manure and 15-20 kg/mu of compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, feeding water into a rice field 10-15 days before rice field transplanting, soaking the rice field, harrowing the rice field after water feeding, and pressing the base fertilizer into field mud; the rice field topdressing mainly comprises tillering fertilizer and spike fertilizer, and is suitable for applying urea constant-speed nitrogen fertilizer, and the single application amount is not more than 5 kg/mu.
S2-5, pest control: controlling plant diseases and insect pests according to the principles of ecological pest control and green prevention and control; scientifically preparing land and ecologically controlling field weeds by 'grass luring and killing'; the pests are controlled by a physical and biological method, a pest killing lamp is arranged every 20 mu or so, an application attractant is used, and vetiver grass is planted beside a ridge to prevent stem borers and the like; seedling treatment is carried out, field pesticide application is reduced, and emergency prevention and control are carried out by using safe pesticide for crayfishes in the rice field when migratory flying pests burst or ear stage disease prevalence; paying attention to protection of natural enemies and other beneficial organisms, and fully utilizing crayfish ingestion habits to control weeds and prevent insects.
S3 accurate and efficient crayfish breeding
S3-1, seedling breeding: in order to promote the crayfish to breed and come into the market in advance and effectively increase the breeding benefit, the crayfish can be promoted to mate, spawn, hatch and grow young crayfish in advance by erecting a sunshade net for cooling, stressing parent crayfish cave dwelling in a sunning field (pond), returning water for growing grass, increasing nutrition and the like in the breeding of the young crayfish in autumn, and the crayfish can come into the market 15-30 days in advance; the adult crayfish breeding and fry breeding are carried out in different fields, and the ratio of the breeding area to the breeding area is generally 5-6: 1.
S3-2, stocking the seedlings: precise stocking and stubble cleaning; filling water in 2 months to submerge all crayfish holes, dewatering after three days, keeping the water depth at 30cm, removing all crayfish and wild trash fish by using 50ml of deltamethrin for each mu of water, detoxifying after half a month, and testing water before stocking; selecting young plants which are strong in physique, complete in appendages, pure in body color, uniform in specification, glossy and free of diseases nearby, wherein the transportation time is not more than 2 hours; putting 4000-5000 artificially-propagated shrimp seedlings per mu of 100-300 shrimp seedlings per kg.
S3-3, cultivation of aquatic weeds: and (3) performing whole-field disinfection before the seedlings are put in the field for half a month, transplanting waterweeds 3-5 days after disinfection, planting the waterweeds, hydrilla verticillata, alternanthera philoxeroides and the like in the annular ditch, controlling the planting area to be about 40%, and transplanting the waterweeds in the field, wherein the planting area is controlled to be about 20%.
S3-4, water quality regulation: the water quality is kept fresh through accurate regulation and control; changing water for 1 time every 7-10 days in normal weather conditions, and changing water for 1 time in 3-5 days in high-temperature seasons; regularly using biological agents such as EM (effective microorganisms), bacillus and the like to adjust the water quality; and in continuous rainy days and under the condition of low air pressure, prolonging the oxygenation time, splashing the oxygenation agent, increasing the dissolved oxygen in water and adjusting the pH value.
S3-5, feeding management: feeding is accurate, and the growth of crayfish is effectively promoted; flexibly controlling the bait feeding amount according to the weather, water temperature, water quality, crayfish ingestion and other conditions, wherein the daily feeding amount accounts for 2-8% of the total amount of crayfish, and the bait is mainly mixed feed; chemical fertilizers and pesticides cannot be used in the shelling period; the application of antibacterial and pyrethroid pesticides is strictly prohibited.
S3-6, disease control: the principle of 'prevention is main and prevention and control are combined' is followed; spraying 75-100 kg/mu of quicklime water to the whole field 15 days before putting seedlings to remove harmful organisms; before breeding, soaking and sterilizing the seedlings for 10 minutes by using 10-20 mg/L potassium permanganate solution or 3-5% salt solution; the feed is added with the immunopotentiators such as rhubarb, vitamin C, chitosan and the like regularly to improve the immunity of the crayfish.
S3-7, fishing: continuously fishing the crayfish in the middle and last 6 th months to the middle and last 7 th months, generally fishing the crayfish in ground cages, and timely collecting the crayfish to prevent the crayfish from entering the cages to cause oxygen deficiency and death.
Example 3: a method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding rice shrimps comprises the following steps:
s1, performing standardized transformation on field engineering, and referring to the figures 1-2:
s1-1, selecting field blocks: the method is characterized in that fields with sufficient water source, good water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage are selected to develop comprehensive planting and breeding of rice and shrimps, the area of each field is 57 mu, each field is rectangular, and the length-width ratio is 2: 1.
S1-2, earth excavation: excavating a 'return' type annular ditch, wherein the width of the upper opening of the ditch is 4.0m, the width of the lower opening of the ditch is 1.5m, the depth of the ditch is 1.4m, and the slope ratio is 1: 1; except the trenching part, the other parts can not be excavated, and the trench accounts for no more than 10 percent of the total area of the rice field.
S1-3, ridge construction: tamping, reinforcing, widening and heightening ridges layer by using soil for excavating circular ditches; the slope ratio of the field ridge after transformation is 1:1.5, the ridge is 0.9m higher than the field surface, and the ridge surface width is 2.5 m.
S1-4, construction of a water inlet and drainage system: the water inlet system is an open channel with the depth of 50cm and the bottom width of 35cm, the section of the cement slope protection is trapezoidal, and the specific reduction is 1 per thousand, or a U-shaped groove structure; the water inlet is controlled by a check gate, the water inlet is a PVC pipe with the diameter of 17cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 25cm higher than the highest water level of cultivation, and a 60-mesh long screen is sleeved at the pipe orifice; the width of the drainage ditch is 2m, and the bottom of the ditch is 25cm lower than the culture circular ditch; a drain pipe is arranged at the drain outlet, and the drain pipe is a corrugated pipe with the pipe diameter of 20 cm; the water inlet and the water outlet of the rice field are arranged at two opposite corners of the rice field.
S1-5, supporting facilities: reserving a tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk with the width of 3.5m on one side of the main road in the rice field, and constructing corresponding escape-proof and enemy-proof facilities; the conditional microporous aerator is matched with microporous aerating facilities, and the microporous pipes are distributed in the annular ditch according to the power of 0.1 kw/mu.
S2 Green cultivation of Rice
S2-1, variety selection: selecting a high-yield and multi-resistance rice variety with thick and strong stems, good tillering performance, strong stress resistance and outstanding taste.
S2-2, green transplanting: raising seedlings from late ten days of month 5 to early 6 months, and transplanting in late middle 6 months; according to local production conditions, a mode of artificial big seedling transplantation and pot (blanket) seedling mechanical transplanting can be adopted; the seedling age of the mechanical transplanting is about 25 days, and the seedling age of the manual transplanting is about 35 days; the number of planted holes per mu is not less than 1.2 ten thousand. 2 seedlings of hybrid indica (japonica) rice in each hole, and 3-4 seedlings of conventional japonica rice in each hole; and (3) ventilating and oxygenating in an open field 2-3 days after transplanting, promoting green turning and survival and rooting and tillering, and circulating for 2-3 times to accelerate the growth and development of earlier-stage plants.
S2-3, water level control: the water level is regulated according to the growth characteristics of the crayfishes and the rice, and the water level is regulated completely according to the growth requirements of the crayfishes in the non-rice cultivation period; after 6 months of rice transplanting, entering a co-cropping period, and performing thin water turning green, shallow water tillering and water level control to about 5cm at the early stage; drying the seedlings in the sun, draining the water on the surface of the field, and baking in the sun for 2 times (4 days each time); controlling the water level at about 10cm in the booting stage; after heading, alternately managing the dry and the wet, and controlling the water level to be 17cm during the high temperature period; the rice is harvested after the rice is dried after the rice is reduced to 30cm below the surface of the field 1 week before the rice is harvested.
S2-4, fertilizer application: fertilizing mainly by using a base fertilizer, taking 100-150 kg/mu of decomposed manure and 15-20 kg/mu of compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, feeding water into a rice field 10-15 days before rice field transplanting, soaking the rice field, harrowing the rice field after water feeding, and pressing the base fertilizer into field mud; the rice field topdressing mainly comprises tillering fertilizer and spike fertilizer, and is suitable for applying urea constant-speed nitrogen fertilizer, and the single application amount is not more than 5 kg/mu.
S2-5, pest control: controlling plant diseases and insect pests according to the principles of ecological pest control and green prevention and control; scientifically preparing land and ecologically controlling field weeds by 'grass luring and killing'; the pests are controlled by a physical and biological method, a pest killing lamp is arranged every 20 mu or so, an application attractant is used, and vetiver grass is planted beside a ridge to prevent stem borers and the like; seedling treatment is carried out, field pesticide application is reduced, and emergency prevention and control are carried out by using safe pesticide for crayfishes in the rice field when migratory flying pests burst or ear stage disease prevalence; paying attention to protection of natural enemies and other beneficial organisms, and fully utilizing crayfish ingestion habits to control weeds and prevent insects.
S3 accurate and efficient crayfish breeding
S3-1, seedling breeding: in order to promote the crayfish to breed and come into the market in advance and effectively increase the breeding benefit, the crayfish can be promoted to mate, spawn, hatch and grow young crayfish in advance by erecting a sunshade net for cooling, stressing parent crayfish cave dwelling in a sunning field (pond), returning water for growing grass, increasing nutrition and the like in the breeding of the young crayfish in autumn, and the crayfish can come into the market 15-30 days in advance; the adult crayfish breeding and fry breeding are carried out in different fields, and the ratio of the breeding area to the breeding area is generally 5-6: 1.
S3-2, stocking the seedlings: precise stocking and stubble cleaning; filling water in 2 months to submerge all crayfish holes, dewatering after three days, keeping the water depth at 30cm, removing all crayfish and wild trash fish by using 50ml of deltamethrin for each mu of water, detoxifying after half a month, and testing water before stocking; selecting young plants which are strong in physique, complete in appendages, pure in body color, uniform in specification, glossy and free of diseases nearby, wherein the transportation time is not more than 2 hours; 4000 shrimp seedlings are artificially bred per mu, and 240 shrimp seedlings per kg are thrown.
S3-3, cultivating aquatic weeds: and (3) performing whole-field disinfection before the seedlings are put in the field for half a month, transplanting waterweeds 3-5 days after disinfection, planting the waterweeds, hydrilla verticillata, alternanthera philoxeroides and the like in the annular ditch, controlling the planting area to be about 40%, and transplanting the waterweeds in the field, wherein the planting area is controlled to be about 20%.
S3-4, water quality regulation: the water quality is kept fresh through accurate regulation and control; changing water for 1 time every 7-10 days in normal weather conditions, and changing water for 1 time in 3-5 days in high-temperature seasons; regularly using biological agents such as EM (effective microorganisms), bacillus and the like to adjust the water quality; and in continuous rainy days and under the condition of low air pressure, prolonging the oxygenation time, splashing the oxygenation agent, increasing the dissolved oxygen in water and adjusting the pH value.
S3-5, feeding management: the crayfish is fed accurately, so that the growth of the crayfish is effectively promoted; flexibly controlling the bait feeding amount according to the weather, water temperature, water quality, crayfish ingestion and other conditions, wherein the daily feeding amount accounts for 2-8% of the total amount of crayfish, and the bait is mainly mixed feed; chemical fertilizers and pesticides cannot be used in the shelling period; the application of antibacterial and pyrethroid pesticides is strictly prohibited.
S3-6, disease control: the principle of 'prevention is mainly used and prevention and control are combined' is followed; spraying 75-100 kg/mu of quicklime water to the whole field 15 days before putting seedlings to remove harmful organisms; before breeding, soaking and sterilizing the seedlings for 10 minutes by using 10-20 mg/L potassium permanganate solution or 3-5% salt solution; the feed is added with the immunopotentiators such as rhubarb, vitamin C, chitosan and the like regularly to improve the immunity of the crayfish.
S3-7, fishing: continuously fishing the crayfish in the middle and last 6 th months to the middle and last 7 th months, generally fishing the crayfish in ground cages, and timely collecting the crayfish to prevent the crayfish from entering the cages to cause oxygen deficiency and death.
The following table shows the yield-benefit situation of field 21 from Jiangsu hong State agricultural development Co., Ltd in 2021: the method is characterized in that 240 breeding specifications per kg4000 rice per mu are released 4 months and 15 days, after 2 months of raising management, fishing and selling are started at 26 days 6 months, rice is planted after the middle ten days of 7 months, the average specification of male shrimps reaches 50 g/male shrimps, the average specification of female shrimps reaches 45 g/female shrimps, the average price reaches 60 yuan/kg due to large specification, 5 bags of sea feed are used per mu, 3500 yuan/ton of 28% protein is used, the rice is planted in a direct seeding mode, japonica rice is sold at 2.8 yuan/kg, the investment cost per mu is 2294 yuan, and the profit per mu is 3906 yuan.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding rice shrimps is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, field engineering standardization modification
S1-1, selecting field blocks: selecting field blocks with sufficient water source, good water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage to develop comprehensive planting of rice and shrimps, wherein the area of each field block is preferably 20-60 mu, the field blocks are rectangular, and the length-width ratio is 2: 1;
s1-2, earth excavation: excavating a 'return' type annular ditch, wherein the width of an upper opening of the ditch is 3.0-5.0 m, the width of a lower opening of the ditch is 1.0-2.0 m, the depth of the ditch is 1.2-1.5 m, and the slope ratio is 1: 1; except the ditching part, the other parts cannot be excavated, and the ditch accounts for no more than 10 percent of the total area of the rice field;
s1-3, ridge construction: tamping, reinforcing, widening and heightening ridges layer by using soil for excavating circular ditches; the slope ratio of the field ridge after transformation is 1:1.5, the ridge is 0.8-1.0 m higher than the field surface, and the ridge surface width is 2.0-3.0 m;
s1-4, construction of a water inlet and drainage system: the water inlet system is an open channel, the depth of the water inlet system is 50cm, the bottom width of the water inlet system is 30-40 cm, the section of the cement slope protection is trapezoidal, and the specific reduction is 1 per thousand, or a U-shaped groove structure; the water inlet is controlled by a check gate, the water inlet is a PVC pipe with the diameter of 15-20 cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 20-30 cm higher than the highest water level of cultivation, and a 60-mesh long screen is sleeved at the pipe orifice; the width of the drainage ditch is 1.0-3.0 m, and the ditch bottom is 20-30 cm lower than the culture circular ditch; a drain pipe is arranged at the drain outlet, and the drain pipe is a corrugated pipe with the pipe diameter of 20 cm;
s1-5, supporting facilities: reserving a tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk with the width of 3.0-4.0 m on one side of the main road along the rice field, and constructing corresponding escape-proof and pest-proof facilities;
s2 Green cultivation of Rice
S2-1, variety selection: selecting a high-yield and multi-resistance rice variety with thick and strong stems, good tillering performance, strong stress resistance and outstanding taste;
s2-2, green transplanting: raising seedlings from late ten days of month 5 to early 6 months, and transplanting in late middle 6 months; according to local production conditions, a manual large seedling transplanting mode and a pot seedling mechanical transplanting mode can be adopted; the seedling age of the mechanical transplanting is about 25 days, and the seedling age of the manual transplanting is about 35 days; the number of the planting holes per mu is not less than 1.2 ten thousand; 2 seedlings of hybrid indica rice or japonica rice in each hole, and 3-4 seedlings of conventional japonica rice in each hole; 2-3 days after transplanting, ventilating and oxygenating in open field to promote green turning and live plant and rooting and tillering, and circulating for 2-3 times;
s2-3, water level control: the water level is regulated according to the growth characteristics of the crayfishes and the rice, and the water level is regulated completely according to the growth requirements of the crayfishes in the non-rice cultivation period; after 6 months of rice transplanting, entering a co-cropping period, and performing thin water green turning, shallow water tillering and water level control at about 5cm in the early stage; drying the seedlings in the field, draining the water on the surface of the field, and baking in the sun for 2 times, each time for 3-5 days; controlling the water level at about 10cm during booting period; after heading, performing dry-wet alternate management, and controlling the water level to be 15-20 cm during a high-temperature period; the rice is reduced to 30cm below the surface of the field 1 week before harvesting, and the rice can be harvested after the field is dry;
s2-4, fertilizer application: fertilizing mainly by using a base fertilizer, taking 100-150 kg/mu of decomposed manure and 15-20 kg/mu of compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, feeding water into a rice field 10-15 days before rice field transplanting, soaking the rice field, harrowing the rice field after water feeding, and pressing the base fertilizer into field mud; the rice field topdressing mainly comprises tillering fertilizer and spike fertilizer, urea constant-speed nitrogen fertilizer is preferably applied, and the single application amount is not more than 5 kg/mu;
s2-5, pest control: installing an insecticidal lamp about every 20 mu, using an attractant and planting vetiver grass beside ridges to control pests, wherein the pests at least comprise borers; seedling treatment is carried out, field pesticide application is reduced, and emergency prevention and control are carried out by using safe pesticide for crayfishes in the rice field when migratory flying pests burst or ear stage disease prevalence; paying attention to protection of beneficial organisms such as natural enemies and the like, and fully utilizing crayfish ingestion habits to control weeds and prevent insects;
s3 accurate and efficient crayfish breeding
S3-1, seedling breeding: the crayfish is promoted to breed and come into the market in advance, and the breeding benefit is effectively increased; the method at least comprises the steps of erecting a sunshade net for cooling, stressing parent shrimp cave dwelling in a field or a pond, returning water for planting grass and increasing nutrition, promotes the advancing mating, spawning, hatching and growth of young shrimps, and can be listed in advance for 15-30 days; the adult crayfish breeding and fry breeding are carried out in different fields, and the ratio of the breeding area to the breeding area is 5-6: 1;
s3-2, stocking the seedlings: precise stocking and stubble cleaning; filling water in 2 months to submerge all crayfish holes, dewatering after three days, keeping the water depth at 30cm, removing all crayfish and wild trash fish by using 50ml of deltamethrin for each mu of water, detoxifying after half a month, and testing water before stocking; selecting young plants which are healthy and strong in physique, complete in appendages, pure in body color, uniform in specification, glossy and free of diseases nearby; putting 4000-5000 artificially-propagated shrimp seedlings per mu of 100-300 shrimp seedlings per kg;
s3-3, cultivation of aquatic weeds: performing whole-field disinfection before the seedlings are put in the field for half a month, transplanting waterweeds 3-5 days after disinfection, planting waterweeds at least comprising elodea, hydrilla verticillata and alternanthera philoxeroides in the annular ditch, controlling the planting area to be about 40%, and transplanting the elodea philoxeroides in the field, controlling the planting area to be about 20%;
s3-4, water quality regulation: the water quality is kept fresh through accurate regulation and control; changing water for 1 time every 7-10 days in normal weather conditions, and changing water for 1 time in 3-5 days in high-temperature seasons; prolonging the oxygenation time, splashing an oxygenation agent, increasing the dissolved oxygen in water and adjusting the pH value under the condition of continuous rainy days and low air pressure;
s3-5, feeding management: feeding is accurate, and the growth of crayfish is effectively promoted; flexibly controlling the bait feeding amount according to the weather, the water temperature, the water quality and the feeding condition of the crayfish, wherein the daily feeding amount accounts for 2-8% of the total amount of the crayfish, and the bait is mainly mixed feed; the application of antibacterial and pyrethroid pesticides is strictly prohibited;
s3-6, disease control: the principle of 'prevention is mainly used and prevention and control are combined' is followed; spraying 75-100 kg/mu of quicklime water to the whole field 15 days before putting seedlings to remove harmful organisms; before breeding, soaking and disinfecting for 10 minutes by using a 10-20 mg/L potassium permanganate solution or a 3-5% saline solution;
s3-7, fishing: continuously fishing the crayfish in the middle and last 6 th months to the middle and last 7 th months, generally fishing the crayfish in ground cages, and timely collecting the crayfish to prevent the crayfish from entering the cages to cause oxygen deficiency and death.
2. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S1-4, the water inlet and outlet of the paddy field are arranged at two opposite corners of the paddy field.
3. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S1-5, micropore oxygenation facilities are matched and equipped according to the power of 0.1 kw/mu, and micropore pipes are distributed in the circular ditches.
4. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S3-2, the transport time of the crayfishes is not more than 2 h.
5. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S3-4, the biological agent is used periodically to adjust the water quality.
6. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice shrimps as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the biological agent at least comprises EM bacteria and bacillus.
7. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S3-5, no fertilizer or pesticide is used in the shelling period of the crayfish.
8. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S3-6, an immunopotentiator is added to the feed periodically.
9. The method for breeding, separating and efficiently and comprehensively planting and breeding the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that: the immunopotentiator at least comprises rhubarb, vitamin C and chitosan.
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