CN107466622A - A kind of cultural method of lotus embryo - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of lotus embryo Download PDFInfo
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- CN107466622A CN107466622A CN201710434465.1A CN201710434465A CN107466622A CN 107466622 A CN107466622 A CN 107466622A CN 201710434465 A CN201710434465 A CN 201710434465A CN 107466622 A CN107466622 A CN 107466622A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of cultural method of lotus embryo, comprises the following steps：（1）Lotus field is built；（2）Excavate fish-pit, Yu Gou；（3）Carry out intake-outlet and fish screen；（4）Par is built up to lack；（5）Take fish canopy；（6）Lotus Tanaka launches fingerling, mainly carp, crucian and black carp；（7）Lotus field management.The method increase fishery -ies product of the present invention, increases economic efficiency, and opens the new way of fingerling production, and lotus field, which is cultivated fingerling and need not separately taken up an area, digs the pool, is not take up the existing water surface of breeding fish, and production cost is low, and can breeding on the spot, put in a suitable place to breed, convenient production, make things convenient for the people on the spot.Lotus seeds yield is also improved simultaneously, further improves environmental sanitation, adjustment surplus labour force.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of cultural method of lotus embryo.
Background technology
Lotus embryo refers to carry out lotus in lotus field, makees between fish or crop rotation, this be it is a kind of " based on lotus, lotus fish combines, with
The comprehensive management mode of fish rush lotus ".Lotus water in field body is big, water storage phase length, and condition of breeding fish is more superior than rice field.Lotus embryo, can be abundant
Using lotus water in field, soil resource and good ecological environment, three-dimensional production is carried out, to reach the purpose of lotus fish bumper harvests, and is received
To good ecological benefits, economic benefit and social benefit.The Ecological Principle of lotus embryo is：The ecological environment in lotus field of breeding fish is fitted
Close fish normal growth and development and ingest wait activity, the lotus field ecosystem is structurally and functionally being obtained reasonable reformation again, change
Evil is profit, is filled a vacancy with useless, reduces the loss of matter and energy, so as to improve the biological productivity in whole lotus field, make single production
Hunan lotus seeds and lotus rhizome are both produced in the lotus field of Hunan lotus seeds and lotus rhizome, produce the fish such as crucian carp, carp again, reach the purpose of lotus fish bumper harvests.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of lotus embryo.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of cultivation side of lotus embryo
Method, comprise the following steps：
（1）Lotus field is built：Widen and increase ridge；
（2）Excavate fish-pit, Yu Gou：Shallow water lotus field need to excavate fish-pit and Yu Gou, and fish-pit is preferably opened in delivery port nearby or beside lotus field,
Its gross area is the 2%~3% of lotus field area.Fish-pit bottom is lower than lotus field bottom 0.8~1 meter；
（3）Carry out intake-outlet and fish screen：Intake-outlet is opened in lotus field with respect on the ridge near two corners, intake-outlet two
Side and bottom surface will lay bricks block or slabstone, avoid flowing water from washing away for a long time and deform or collapse and collapse, filtering is installed at intake-outlet
Equipment and fish screen, grid upper end will exceed 30~40 centimetres of ridge, and lower end will be buried in the earth 20~30 centimetres；
（4）Par is built up to lack；
（5）Take fish canopy：
（6）Lotus Tanaka launches fingerling, mainly carp, crucian and black carp；
（7）Lotus field management：
A. stable water level is ensured；
B. Water-quality control：After lotus root has been planted, shallow water position is kept in 10 days, water temperature is improved with profit, promotes the germination of lotus root kind；Grow vigorous
Phase, keep 15-20 centimetres of water level；During tying lotus root, the depth of water is advisable with 5-10 centimetres.Per two weeks stone is given birth to 40 grams/cubic metre
Grey full field is splashed sterilization；
C. top dressing：When field coupling grows 3-4 vertical leaves and knot lotus root, every mu imposes 300-500 kilograms of night soil or farm manure, 7-
September part is fish peak period, launches the single powder feeds such as wheat bran, third powder in right amount, it is ensured that crucian carp, the supply of forage of carp, make
Crucian carp, the per mu yield of carp reach more than 60-80 kilograms；
D. lotus field is nursed：After vertical leaf is covered with fish ditch, the floating leaf being concealed and the early Sheng Liye of aging should be extractd in time, to keep
The ventilation and penetrating light of fish ditch；The excessive pasture and water in field are removed in time, prevent from striving nutrition with field lotus root.
Preferably, the step（1）In, the ridge will be tamped, and enclosure wall or purse seine must be being set along the surrounding among ridge,
Prevent from raising object flight and pest invasion.
Preferably, the step（2）Middle fish-pit opens method and number, because of field size, shape, the specification of fish and density
Different and different, fish links up 1.2 meters or so of constant width, and its bottom is less than 0.6 meter or so of field bottom, there is ring field ditch, " ten " word ditch, " 10 " word
Ditch, " rich " word ditch and " well " word ditch are several.
Preferably, the step（3）Middle fish corral upper end will exceed 30~40 centimetres of ridge, and lower end will be buried in the earth 20~30
Centimetre, with the harmful organism people such as anti-escape fish or wild fish.Fish screen is generally made of bamboo paper tinsel or polyethylene mesh sheet, and length is water inlet
More than 2 times of mouth or delivery port；When breeding fish, fish screen should firmly be inserted and stood at intake-outlet, curved or "eight" shape, convex surface
Towards Tanaka, it can so increase the circulation of water, be washed away prevented also from flood or wash upside down fish screen.
Preferably, step（4）The scarce main function of middle par is the regulation depth of water and the flood that overflows, and makes the depth of lotus water in field all the time
Meet the requirement of lotus, the height of water inlet is fixed, and the scarce height of par is not fixed then, the change that it is required the depth of water with lotus
Change constantly regulation lifting, there is par to lack, meet heavy rain and overflow water prevented also from field and escape fish.Par lack with it is brick into,
And it should combine with discharge outlet and fish screen and do.
Preferably, the step（5）Middle fingerling will such as survive the winter in lotus Tanaka, preferably in the fish-pit for suitably having expanded and having deepened
It is upper to be incubated with plastic sheeting or branch and straw scaffolding, to ensure fingerling safe overwintering.
Present invention has the advantages that：The method increase fishery -ies product of the present invention, increases economic efficiency, opens fingerling production
New way, fingerling is cultivated in lotus field need not separately take up an area the digging pool, be not take up the existing water surface of breeding fish, production cost is low, and can educate on the spot
Kind, put in a suitable place to breed, convenient production, make things convenient for the people on the spot.Lotus seeds yield is also improved simultaneously, further improves environmental sanitation, adjusts remaining labor
Power.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further in conjunction with the embodiments.
A kind of cultural method of lotus embryo, comprises the following steps：
（1）Lotus field is built：Widen and increase ridge；
（2）Excavate fish-pit, Yu Gou：Shallow water lotus field need to excavate fish-pit and Yu Gou, and fish-pit is preferably opened in delivery port nearby or beside lotus field,
Its gross area is the 2%~3% of lotus field area.Fish-pit bottom is lower than lotus field bottom 0.8~1 meter；
（3）Carry out intake-outlet and fish screen：Intake-outlet is opened in lotus field with respect on the ridge near two corners, intake-outlet two
Side and bottom surface will lay bricks block or slabstone, avoid flowing water from washing away for a long time and deform or collapse and collapse, filtering is installed at intake-outlet
Equipment and fish screen, grid upper end will exceed 30~40 centimetres of ridge, and lower end will be buried in the earth 20~30 centimetres；
（4）Par is built up to lack；
（5）Take fish canopy：
（6）Lotus Tanaka launches fingerling, mainly carp, crucian and black carp；
（7）Lotus field management：
A. stable water level is ensured；
B. Water-quality control：After lotus root has been planted, shallow water position is kept in 10 days, water temperature is improved with profit, promotes the germination of lotus root kind；Grow vigorous
Phase, keep 15-20 centimetres of water level；During tying lotus root, the depth of water is advisable with 5-10 centimetres.Per two weeks stone is given birth to 40 grams/cubic metre
Grey full field is splashed sterilization；
C. top dressing：When field coupling grows 3-4 vertical leaves and knot lotus root, every mu imposes 300-500 kilograms of night soil or farm manure, 7-
September part is fish peak period, launches the single powder feeds such as wheat bran, third powder in right amount, it is ensured that crucian carp, the supply of forage of carp, make
Crucian carp, the per mu yield of carp reach more than 60-80 kilograms；
D. lotus field is nursed：After vertical leaf is covered with fish ditch, the floating leaf being concealed and the early Sheng Liye of aging should be extractd in time, to keep
The ventilation and penetrating light of fish ditch；The excessive pasture and water in field are removed in time, prevent from striving nutrition with field lotus root.
Embodiment：
A kind of cultural method of lotus embryo, comprises the following steps：
1st, widen and increase ridge.The lotus field breeded fish, which must be widened, increases ridge, and the purpose is to improve water after being advantageous to lotus embryo
Position, prevents leak, the ridge that collapses, water from turning over ridge and escaping fish.Ridge generally high 0.8~1.2 meter, 1 meter of top width.Ridge will be tamped, to prevent
Only heavy rain bursts or leak, is burrowed prevented also from vole, swamp eel, Procambius clarkii, river crab and water snake etc., influences the safety of ridge
And intensity.If set is supported and easily escaped or aquatic economic animal that Exotic pests are more（Such as tortoise, soft-shelled turtle, crab, shrimp and the frog）, along field
Surrounding among the ridge must set enclosure wall or purse seine, prevent from raising object flight and pest invasion.
2. hold fish-pit, Yu Gou successfully.Shallow water lotus field need to excavate fish-pit and Yu Gou, and fish-pit is preferably opened in delivery port nearby or by lotus field
Side, its gross area are the 2%~3% of lotus field area.Fish-pit bottom is lower than lotus field bottom 0.8~1 meter, and shape is generally square, rectangular
Shape or circle.Fish-pit opens method and number, different and different because of field size, shape, the specification of fish and density.Daoxian, hunan
Melon canopy fruit frame or swinery hen house are often set up in lotus agriculture, rice field on fish-pit, make full use of lotus field space to carry out three dimensional-planting-breeding.Fish ditch
Generally wide 1.2 meters or so, its bottom can be according to the area and shape concrete decision of field, generally less than 0.6 meter or so of field bottom , Wei Ge
There are ring field ditch, " ten " word ditch, " 10 " word ditch, " rich " word ditch and " well " word ditch several, also there is ring field ditch mutually to be tied with other fish ditches
The digging method of conjunction.Ring field ditch is wide 1.5~2 meters, deep 0.8 meter or so, should be 1~2 meter from ridge, is sure not adjacent ridge ditching, in order to avoid damage
Bad ridge, fish is set to flee.Fish ditch will communicate with intake-outlet, fish-pit, and its bottom slightly tilts to fish-pit direction.Breed fish the lotus field of seedling,
1 or several provisional fish water holes preferably are excavated on field side again, the small ridge is around built, it is separated with whole crop field.Fish water hole it is total
Area is depending on lotus field size and the quantity of " summer flower " fingerling supported.Typically it is advisable with the l0% no more than lotus field area.
After fry is bred as " summer flower " fingerling and puts it into lotus field, fish water hole can flatten.
3rd, intake-outlet and fish screen are carried out.Lotus field of breeding fish should be separated with water with other farmlands, and intake-outlet is opened in lotus
Field is with respect on the ridge near two corners（Water inlet must be close to water source）, so that water in field can all circulate, be advantageous to fish, lotus life
It is long.Intake-outlet both sides and bottom surface will lay bricks block or slabstone, avoid flowing water from washing away for a long time and deform or collapse to collapse.Big field should
Set several intake-outlets more, and filter plant and fish screen are installed at intake-outlet.Grid upper end will exceed 30~40 lis of ridge
Rice, lower end will be buried in the earth 20~30 centimetres, with the harmful organism people such as anti-escape fish or wild fish.Fish screen is generally with bamboo paper tinsel or poly-
Ethene mesh sheet is made, and length is more than 2 times of water inlet or delivery port.When breeding fish, fish screen should firmly be inserted and stand in intake-outlet
Place, curved or "eight" shape, convex surface facing Tanaka, can so increase the circulation of water, wash away or rush prevented also from flood
Fish screen.Enter the big lotus field of displacement, two layers of fish screen can be set, outer layer is diluter, main debris retaining；Internal layer is closeer, for blocking fish.
Block grid width of mesh to be determined by fish body size, neither allow fish to drill out, not pushing off the slag of trying one's best again, make water unblocked.Some lotuses
Agriculture to routine fish screen improve, i.e., lotus field " one " fonts of intake-outlet Xian An Ge 1 bamboo paper tinsel, then in field
The bamboo paper tinsel of one layer of arc is installed in inner side again, makes semicircle, several or more than ten ducks are then raised in barricade.
Fish is blocked with conventional method, the time has been grown can be because bamboo paper tinsel is damaged or fish（Particularly carp）The soil arch of bamboo paper tinsel bottom is fallen and occurred
Escape fish.It can avoid escaping the generation of fish phenomenon with above-mentioned fish method of blocking.Because duck stirs water body, the sound is produced, fish dare not just approach and block
Fish equipment, even if bamboo paper tinsel is slightly damaged, it will not also escape fish.It was verified that it is this block fish method anti-escape effect it is preferable.
4th, par is built up to lack.The scarce main function of par is the regulation depth of water and the flood that overflows, and the depth of lotus water in field is met lotus all the time
Requirement.The height of water inlet is fixed, and the scarce height of par is not fixed then, and the change that it is required the depth of water with lotus is continuous
Ground regulation lifting.There is par to lack, meet heavy rain and overflow water prevented also from field and escape fish.Par is lacked with brick into and should be with
Discharge outlet and fish screen, which combine, to be done.
5th, fish canopy is taken.Fingerling will such as survive the winter in lotus Tanaka, preferably on the fish-pit for suitably expanding and deepening with plastic sheeting or
Branch and straw scaffolding insulation, to ensure fingerling safe overwintering.
6. lotus Tanaka launches fingerling, mainly carp, crucian and black carp：（1）Fry rearing fish water hole seedling-raising technique and fishpond
It is essentially identical to cultivate fry.Carry out fish water hole and level sterilization within 10~15 days before fry is put in a suitable place to breed, to fry under 5 days or so roots again before water hole
The appropriate base manure of people is applied according to water quality girth of a garment degree, zooplankter in water hole is cultivated, for being eaten under fry during water hole.At present, the cultivation of fry
The modes for taking monoculture, the different fry of kind should be respectively put into the fish water hole for respectively acting on one's own foster more.In order to accelerate fry growth, put
Foster density ratio fishpond is lean too much, and every 667 square metres of fish water holes at most put 20,000~40,000 tails in a suitable place to breed.After fry is put into fish water hole, to apply in time
Top dressing, fertilizer application frequency and quantity determine regarding the water quality girth of a garment.Raising initial stage, conditional to feed appropriate soya-bean milk more preferable.To raising
Phase, it is necessary to feed the commodity bait such as soya-bean cake slurry, rice bran, wheat bran in right amount.Taken pains to foster through 15~20 days, fry can be grown to total length 5
Cm, reach point specification requirement for supporting lotus field.
（2）Nurture of fish fingerlings lotus field cultivate fingerling, can both raise together, also can monoculture, typically with mixed breeding preferably., summer flower stocking size will
5 cms of length of demanding perfection.Every 667 square metres of breeding density is 2 000 tails or so, wherein main breed fish accounts for 60%.Such as with grass carp
Based on, every 667 square metres put the tails of grass carp l 200（Account for 60%）, carp（Fancy carp or Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color, jian carp）400 tails（Account for 20%）,
No. 1 tail of megalobrama amblycephala 300 of Pujiang（Account for 15%）With high build hybridized prussian carp or the tail of Pengzhe fish 100（Account for 5%）." summer flower " one of waiting reaches
Stocking size, lotus field should be just put into time, in favor of the growth of fish.Usually require that and put before Grain in Ear together.Intensive culture will be to the end of the year every 667
It square metre can harvest 50~75 kilograms of the young mouth fingerling of more than 50 grams of body weight.The young mouth fingerling come is turned out from lotus Tanaka, is had
The characteristics of specification is big and physical strong.
Fish every 667 square metres of lotus fields before and after grain rains are formed in lotus field can put young tail of mouth fingerling 250 of more than 50 grams of body weight or so in a suitable place to breed,
Wherein fancy carp or Oujiang Color Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. color, jian carp account for 50%, and megalobrama amblycephala accounts for 30%, and hybridized prussian carp or Pengzhe fish, black carp and other fish account for
20%.Big grass carp is harmful to lotus, can not especially be put in a suitable place to breed in high-quality blue or green bait deficiency.To Grain in Ear, every 667 square metres also
The foster material of total length 5 and blue or green bait can be covered（Containing hydrophyte fodders such as wolffia arrhiza, duckweed spirodelas）, intensive culture to the end of the year, every 667 square metres can produce into
Fish and young mouth fingerling double centner or so.
Lotus field management：
A. stable water level is ensured；
B. Water-quality control：After lotus root has been planted, shallow water position is kept in 10 days, water temperature is improved with profit, promotes the germination of lotus root kind；Grow vigorous
Phase, keep 15-20 centimetres of water level；During tying lotus root, the depth of water is advisable with 5-10 centimetres.Per two weeks stone is given birth to 40 grams/cubic metre
Grey full field is splashed sterilization；
C. top dressing：When field coupling grows 3-4 vertical leaves and knot lotus root, every mu imposes 300-500 kilograms of night soil or farm manure, 7-
September part is fish peak period, launches the single powder feeds such as wheat bran, third powder in right amount, it is ensured that crucian carp, the supply of forage of carp, make
Crucian carp, the per mu yield of carp reach more than 60-80 kilograms；
D. lotus field is nursed：After vertical leaf is covered with fish ditch, the floating leaf being concealed and the early Sheng Liye of aging should be extractd in time, to keep
The ventilation and penetrating light of fish ditch；The excessive pasture and water in field are removed in time, prevent from striving nutrition with field lotus root.
The lotus field ecosystem is by biological components（The mainly biocoene such as lotus, fish, weeds, benthon and microorganism）
And abiological constitution（Habitat）The one of the material of composition --- function.Wherein group interacts with habitat, and carries out energy
Amount flowing and material circulation.Energy flow and the material circulation of the lotus field ecosystem are not fully closed, but and external systems
It has been exchanged that, such as fry, fingerling, fertilizer, bait and the various biologies entered in field put into（Mainly insect, harmful
Biology and its natural enemy biology）With it is abiotic（Mainly with the organic matter of water inflow, nutrient salts etc.）, all it is from other ecosystems
The various materials that system enters, the material that they take part in the lotus field ecosystem circulate and are used as the energy.Lotus Tanaka removes and produces Hunan
Outside the products such as lotus, lotus rhizome and fish, there is quite a few material with biology（Mainly insect, harmful organism and its natural enemy life
Thing）It is or abiotic（With the organic substance of water outflow and nutrient salts etc.）Form flows away.It is in addition, caused each in native table and water
Kind gas is also exchanging with air.The transmission situation of energy and material in group is extremely complex.Lotus field ecosystem
The process of system water body Internal biological production, is to pass through phytoplankton or higher plant from energy of the sun first（Lotus and weeds）Carry out just
Level production；Weeds are by herbivore（Mainly grass carp）Ingest, phytoplankton is by phytophagous zooplankter, zoobenthos, fish
Secondary production is carried out Deng consumption；The organism of secondary production again the zooplankter of passive feeding habits, zoobenthos, fish etc. consume into
The row third level produces；The fish of zoobenthos and insect of ingesting are fourth stage production；The corpse or excreta of different kind organism are by water
In microorganism（Bacterium and fungi）Decompose, organic matter is changed into inorganic matter again and be dissolved in the water, nutrient is formed, by plant
Absorb, so constitute energy flow and the material cyclic process of a complete lotus field ecosystem.
The advantages of lotus embryo：
1st, increase fishery -ies product, increase economic efficiency.The natural foodstuff of lotus Tanaka fish is relatively abundanter, and fish can make full use of this after breeding fish
A little natural foodstuffs.If being aided with artificial bait throwing in again, higher fish crop is achieved with the short term.Lotus embryo can not only change
Kind life, activates the market, but also correspondingly increases the income of the producer.If lotus embryo can put large size fingerling in a suitable place to breed,
And artificial bait throwing in is carried out, general every 667 square metres can produce 50~double centner of adult fish, and it takes in equivalent to every 667 square metres increases
The output value of 25~50 kilograms of dry shell lotuses.
2nd, the new way of fingerling production is opened.Fingerling is cultivated in lotus field need not separately take up an area the digging pool, be not take up the existing water surface of breeding fish,
Production cost is low, and can breeding on the spot, put in a suitable place to breed, convenient production, make things convenient for the people on the spot.Breed fish lotus field, general every 667 square metres of productions
Body grows the tail of fingerling 1 000~1 500 of 15 cms.It is not only does this facilitate collective's unit to breed fish, while is also suitable for general agriculture
Family of village breeds fish, and changes phenomena such as fingerling is outerly, kind is not satisfied the need, specification quality is poor, price is unreasonable in the past.Lotus field ecology
Condition is good, and the density of fish is diluter, and scope of activities is big, and natural foodstuff is more sufficient, and lotus leaf shade can avoid water temperature during dog days
Growth that is too high and suppressing fish, so fingerling growth is fast, the incidence of disease of particularly grass carp is relatively low.
3rd, lotus seeds yield is improved.After lotus embryo, lotus seeds can be typically made to increase production 5%~10%.The reason for fish increases production lotus seeds be：
1. fish can eat up the weeds that fertilizer is striven with lotus, part soil nutriment in a fertilizer is so on the one hand kept and has been advantageous to lotus field ventilation and penetrating light, made
Lotus is increased production, and on the other hand turn avoid energy loss caused by weeding（During weeding many weeds can not tread in field do top dressing and
Fishery -ies product is changed into by nutrition conversion）.In addition, also save the artificial of lotus Tanaka's weeding.2. it is biological control lotus field to breed fish
One of effective measures of harmful organism.Fish can prey on it is many to lotus be harmful to biologies, as planktonic organism, aquatic insect and other have
Evil biology, so as to suppress or reduce the generation of pest and disease damage, while also save the cost of part agricultural chemicals spending and dispenser recruitment.
3. fertilising feeding of breeding fish, remaining foodstuff, fertilizer have become the fertilizer in lotus field.Moreover, fish excrement is also a kind of fertilizer in itself,
The nutriment in a fertilizer in lotus field can be increased.The fingerling of the grammes per square metre of 1 tail 100 discharges 2 grams of excrement daily, if every 667 square metres put 200 tails, monthly
12 kilograms of fish excrement can be produced, this is considerable dose.Silver carp, Tilapia mossambica, carp and crucian excrement in, nitrogen and phosphorus contain
Amount is all higher, wherein using silver carp as highest, Tilapia mossambica and carp take second place, and crucian is minimum.The excrement and dung polluted water of above-mentioned 4 kinds of fish
Compare, its content of nitrogen and phosphorous is better than pig manure, cow dung, substantially approximate with human excrement or sheep manure, is only second to chicken manure and rabbit excrement.4. lotus field is supported
After fish, the often activity in water due to fish, water temperature and increase dissolved oxygen in water can be mixed well, meanwhile, destroy the oxygen of upper soll layer
Change film, oxygen is constantly entered arable layer, improve soil oxygen supply situation.Look for food, improve because fish prongs soil at the bottom
Soil texture, is advantageous to the decomposition of water body and the various organic matters of upper soll layer, and reduces soil reduction process material such as biogas, organic
The accumulation of the harmful substances such as acid, hydrogen sulfide, thus promote growing for lotus.
4th, improve environmental sanitation.After lotus embryo, fish can eat up the harmful organisms such as wriggler, oncomelania.As l urosomes grow 3.3 centimetres
Carp averagely it is edible per hour fall wriggler 25, the carp that 35 grams or so of body weight can largely eat river snail.In addition, gone out with fish weeding
Worm and improved soil, the pollution because applying chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals to water body can be reduced.Therefore, lotus embryo to improve rural environment,
Free of contamination pollution-free food is ridded scourges and provided, there is certain effect.
5th, adjustment surplus labour force.Lotus embryo, simple and easy to do, men and women, old and young are suitable.To the area more than the few people in field, help to play
The effect of surplus labour force.
In this description, the present invention is described with reference to its specific embodiment.But it is clear that it can still make various
Modification and conversion are without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, specification is considered as illustrative and non-limiting
's.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cultural method of lotus embryo, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) lotus field is built：Widen and increase ridge；
(2) fish-pit, Yu Gou are excavated：Shallow water lotus field need to excavate fish-pit and Yu Gou, and fish-pit is preferably opened in delivery port nearby or beside lotus field,
Its gross area is the 2%~3% of lotus field area；Fish-pit bottom is lower than lotus field bottom 0.8~1 meter；
（3）Carry out intake-outlet and fish screen：Intake-outlet is opened in lotus field with respect on the ridge near two corners, intake-outlet two
Side and bottom surface will lay bricks block or slabstone, avoid flowing water from washing away for a long time and deform or collapse and collapse, filtering is installed at intake-outlet
Equipment and fish screen, grid upper end will exceed 30~40 centimetres of ridge, and lower end will be buried in the earth 20~30 centimetres；
（4）Par is built up to lack；
(5) fish canopy is taken：
（6）Lotus Tanaka launches fingerling, mainly carp, crucian and black carp；
（7）Lotus field management：
A. stable water level is ensured；
B. Water-quality control：After lotus root has been planted, shallow water position is kept in 10 days, water temperature is improved with profit, promotes the germination of lotus root kind；Grow vigorous
Phase, keep 15-20 centimetres of water level；During tying lotus root, the depth of water is advisable with 5-10 centimetres；Per two weeks stone is given birth to 40 grams/cubic metre
Grey full field is splashed sterilization；
C. top dressing：When field coupling grows 3-4 vertical leaves and knot lotus root, every mu imposes 300-500 kilograms of night soil or farm manure, 7-
September part is fish peak period, launches the single powder feeds such as wheat bran, third powder in right amount, it is ensured that crucian carp, the supply of forage of carp, make
Crucian carp, the per mu yield of carp reach more than 60-80 kilograms；
D. lotus field is nursed：After vertical leaf is covered with fish ditch, the floating leaf being concealed and the early Sheng Liye of aging should be extractd in time, to keep
The ventilation and penetrating light of fish ditch；The excessive pasture and water in field are removed in time, prevent from striving nutrition with field lotus root.
2. the cultural method of lotus embryo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（1）In, the ridge
Tamp, enclosure wall or purse seine must be being set along the surrounding among ridge, prevent from raising object flight and pest invasion.
3. the cultural method of lotus embryo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）Middle fish-pit is opened
Method and number, different and different because of field size, shape, the specification of fish and density, fish links up 1.2 meters or so of constant width, and its bottom is low
In 0.6 meter or so of field bottom, there are ring field ditch, " ten " word ditch, " 10 " word ditch, " rich " word ditch and " well " word ditch several.
4. the cultural method of lotus embryo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）Middle fish corral upper end
To exceed 30~40 centimetres of ridge, lower end will be buried in the earth 20~30 centimetres, with the harmful organism people such as anti-escape fish or wild fish；Block
Fish corral is generally made of bamboo paper tinsel or polyethylene mesh sheet, and length is more than 2 times of water inlet or delivery port；When breeding fish, fish screen should
Firmly insert and stand at intake-outlet, curved or "eight" shape, convex surface facing Tanaka, can so increase the circulation of water,
It can prevent flood from washing away or washing upside down fish screen.
5. the cultural method of lotus embryo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）Middle par lacks main
Effect is the regulation depth of water and the flood that overflows, and the depth of lotus water in field is met the requirement of lotus all the time, the height of water inlet is fixed, is put down
The scarce height of water is not fixed then, and it constantly adjusts lifting with lotus to the change that the depth of water requires, has par to lack, and meets heavy rain
It can prevent field from overflowing water and escaping fish；Par is lacked with brick into and should combining with discharge outlet and fish screen and do.
6. the cultural method of lotus embryo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（5）Middle fingerling is as wanted
In lotus, Tanaka survives the winter, and is preferably incubated on the fish-pit for suitably expanding and deepening with plastic sheeting or branch and straw scaffolding, with
Ensure fingerling safe overwintering.
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| CN109937951A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 桂林市水产技术中心推广站 | A kind of rice fishing collective species are breeded fish ditch method of construction |
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