CN104106439B - Paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields - Google Patents
Paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses paddy rice in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique, the present invention is in the land resources situation outside not occupying volume, give full play to and utilize the free of contamination ecological functions of Organic Farming Rice Fields, field is taked to put Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle in a suitable place to breed, the design concept of cultivation back to nature, use ecological principle, set up the aquaculture management pattern that Rice Cropping, Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle mixed breed are integrated.The present invention is that 1000/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity are in 10kg/ mu/week with Mercuric chloride density, soft-shelled turtle density is that 200/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity are in 20kg/ mu/week, the average individual body weight that such breeding way treatment combination obtains is maximum, rate of falling ill is low, and survival rate is to the highest, not only output is high for the Mercuric chloride that this kind of density and daily ration, feeding quantity cultivate out and soft-shelled turtle, and quality is also better, reach wild quality, and best economic benefit when this breeding technology does not increase a lot of cost, can be reached.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of ecological agricultural, refer to paddy rice in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique especially.
Background technology
Mercuric chloride is named water bird again, and its head looks big and tall sturdy, has the title of " frog in Asia ".Female than greatly male, body length can more than 12 centimetres, body weight 250 ~ 500 grams.Skin is comparatively coarse, and there is dark irregular speckle on head and side.Back is that yellow green is slightly brown, has the skin rib of tens row longitudinal arrangements, scatters little wart grain between skin rib.Outside of belly white, also has irregular speckle, and pharyngeal and chest also has greyish brown color spot.Front and back limb has horizontal spot.Because these speckles look slightly like tiger fur, hence obtain one's name.Toe-end point circle, the full web of tool between toe.Forelimb is sturdy, and thumb pad is flourishing, gray.Male frog tool external vocal sac a pair.Be classified as II grade, country and lay special stress on protecting animal.The food species of Mercuric chloride is a lot, wherein main take coleopteron as food, account for 36% of quantity of food, other comprise Semiptera, Lepidoptera, diptera, Hymenoptera, the insect of Homoptera, spider, earthworm, myriapod, shrimp, crab, loach, and spoil etc.What make us being difficult to writing is that it also eats the batrachia such as rana limnocharis, Rana nigromaculata and house mouse, and they occupy very important position in the food of Mercuric chloride.It seems that it has not only grown brave line all over the body, in batrachia really also worthy of the name " fierce tiger ".
Soft-shelled turtle (AmydaSincnsis) is commonly called as soft-shelled turtle, water fish, the soft-shelled turtle and cuckold etc., oviparity reptile, amphibious life.Soft-shelled turtle meat flavour is delicious, nutritious, has clearing heat and nourishing yin, calming the liver to stop the wind, the effect of softening and resolving hard mass.Be not only the delicious food on dining table, and be a kind of tonic of having many uses and Chinese medicine material.China is existing mainly contains Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis, Palea steindachneri, spot soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle, wherein common with Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis.These species have been put into " the terrestrial wildlife register that is useful or that have Important Economic, scientific research value of state guarantee " issued in China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China on August 1st, 2000.Soft-shelled turtle is the Omnivore based on animal bait, eating fish, shrimp, shellfish, insect and pluck and corpse.When animality material lacks, also need to eat the vegetalitas erbium material such as green grass, melon and grain, property is voracious, when erbium material is not enough, and normal cannibalism.
Major Foods is small fish, shrimp, tadpole, spiral shell, freshwater mussel, aquatic insect.
All the time, wild Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle are hunted as food, because of the irresponsible a large amount of purchase of commercial department, impel peasant to catch in a large number.Be in for a long time always and run its course, in unwatched wild state, in recent years, due to the change of ecotope and resources requirement increase make children excessively catch, its quantity is reduced increasingly, animals on the brink of extinction are become, also because of the abuse such as agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer in recent years, and industrial or agricultural " three wastes " is to the pollution of environment, and wild natural resources falls sharply, cause surging of the market demand, the market potential of cultivation is huge.
At present, the rearing method of market cultivation Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle is a lot.Being summed up affects seed output and quality and mainly contains four factors:
The first, the temperature of water body;
The second, cultivation density;
3rd, the quality of water body;
Four, daily ration, feeding quantity.
From the most of cultural technique of existing market, in order to improve output, generally normal nature pool or the artificial pond of building of utilizing is carried out high density and is raised separately.But intensive culture method is land occupation resource not only, aquaculture cost is inevitable very high, and under high density case, easily cause transmission, not easily prevention and control on the one hand, lethality is high; Quality and the product quality of water environment can not be ensured again on the other hand, cultivation quality mouthfeel out and wild being as far apart as heaven and earth, the price of sale also not person of modern times's meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming and defect existed to overcome prior art, and paddy rice in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique are provided, this technique is giving full play on Organic Farming Rice Fields ecological functions basis, meet Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle back to nature and sustainable development idea, reduce feeding cost, help bambooleaf fig herb except insect pest, and can improve the yield and quality of organic paddy rice, economic benefit increases considerably.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention comprises following operation:
(1) the selecting of Organic Farming Rice Fields: select to have abundant water resources, the rice field of environment quiet is cultivation rice field, the natural enemy preventing Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle can be accomplished in rice field;
1.1, Paddy fields management: rice field applies fertilizer, during paddy rice plantation early stage and paddy growth, absolutely not uses agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer;
1.2, water management: irrigation of paddy fields and breeding water, through ecologically clean filtration treatment, control Organic Farming Rice Fields water cleaning pollution-free, prevent water quality deterioration;
1.3, rice field water-preserving management: excavate " 7 " font water channel according to every block plot on the wherein both sides on limit, rice field four, wide 2.5 meters on water channel, bottom width 1.8 meters, the degree of depth 1.50 meters, water channel inner aqueous layer is not less than 1.4 meters; Described rice field water layer normally remains on 10-15cm, and water channel water layer remains on 1.6-1.65 rice, the paddy rice dry field phase and harvest time water channel water layer be not less than 1.4 meters;
1.4, anti-the escaping in rice field manages: arrange to prevent Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle from escaping and the cement block of external natural enemy infringement and nylon is anti-escapes net in rice field ridge surrounding, respectively arranges water inlet and delivery port up and down in rice field, and arranges and prevent escaping net;
1.5, rice field birds and beasts management: for preventing the seedling of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle not by the infringement of birds, in rice field, place a bamboo every 300 meters, and place a reflective mirror above, be used for reflectively driveing birds, and in rice field, installing electronics bird-scaring unit additional, density is every 10 mu and installs 1;
(2) the selecting of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle seed: select healthy, active seedling kind, the individuality of Mercuric chloride is 30-50g/ head, the individuality of soft-shelled turtle is 80-100g/ head, soft-shelled turtle seedling requires that male and female separately, the seedling kind selected is thrown in Organic Farming Rice Fields by certain cultivation density, soft-shelled turtle seedling separately will be put in a suitable place to breed by male and female in rice field, mutually baits in case soft-shelled turtle enters oestrus after growing up;
(3) input of bait: according to the growth rhythm of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, throw at regular time and quantity at bait in Organic Farming Rice Fields, the main bait of Mercuric chloride is fly maggot and the earthworm of artificial culture, and the bait of soft-shelled turtle is fresh small fish and shrimp, the fresh spiral shell smashed or fresh fish;
(4) control of rice field insect pest: for preventing rice insect pest, the solar insect-killing light of every 5 mu of placements 30W in rice field, below trapping lamp diameter 1 meter scope in do not need rice cultivation, and lay a food platform, the worm killed eats for Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle.
Further setting to be described Mercuric chloride density be 1000/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity in 10kg/ mu/week, soft-shelled turtle density be 200/mu with daily ration, feeding quantity in 20kg/ mu/week.
Further setting be described water pH value between 7-7.5, water temperature remains between 15 ~ 30 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 6 mg/litre.
Further setting be in described Organic Farming Rice Fields rice shoot plantation be wide-and narrow-row arrange, wide behavior 60CM, narrow row is 30CM.
Further setting is the height that described Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle prevent escaping the nylon protection network of anti-natural enemy is 1.5m, describedly anti-escape the wire netting that net is mesh 2.5X2.5CM, fix with metal upright post for every 3 meters, net inner side prevents escaping plate by the plastics that net installation 1.5 millimeters thick 1.2 meters is high, and imbeds earth 20CM ± 2.
Further setting is the seed of described Mercuric chloride is Hainan Mercuric chloride seed, and the seed of soft-shelled turtle is that Incubation raises and train Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis seedling.
Further setting is the disease prevention and cure also comprising Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle in described step (1): because field low-density is put in a suitable place to breed, Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle can not fall ill substantially, Mercuric chloride Major Diseases is skin rot, prevention method is in bait, add cod-liver oil or multivitamin, soft-shelled turtle is exactly mainly water body disinfection, within every 2 months, is watered the resistance against diseases of splashing in paddyfield water raising Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle with the potassium permanganate of 1:100.
Further setting is that the described reflective mirror described in step (1) adopts abandoned optical discs.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, based on existing Rice Cropping, Mercuric chloride, on the basis of soft-shelled turtle cultural technique, a kind of paddy rice planting the environmental protection combined with organic paddy rice is provided, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle, the high yield breeding technology of symbiosis, in the land resources situation outside not occupying volume, suit measures to local conditions, integrated existing breeding technology and method, use ecological principle, set up Rice Cropping and Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle, educate the aquaculture management pattern be integrated altogether, reduce aquaculture cost significantly, drastically increase the economic benefit of land area of one unit, and ensure that paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, the Quality and yield of soft-shelled turtle.
As can be seen from technique scheme, the high yield breeding skill technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle supported by the Organic Farming Rice Fields cover of the application of the invention embodiment, not only can improve the economic benefit of land area of one unit, and the high yield of paddy rice can be guaranteed, the Mercuric chloride cultivated in addition and the quality of soft-shelled turtle also reach wild standard.Compared with intensive culture in prior art, select Mercuric chloride density of the present invention 1000/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity in 10kg/ mu/week, soft-shelled turtle density is 200/mu and the daily ration, feeding quantity best of breed in 20kg/ mu/week, can than about intensive culture cost reduction twice in prior art; Applying the present invention can make the survival rate of the seedling of frog and soft-shelled turtle in rice field up to more than 90% simultaneously, annual results are as follows: Mercuric chloride, by annual listing, 900, every only 0.3 kilogram, 270kg/ mu, by existing market valency wild 60 yuan/kg subtotal: 16200 yuan of deduction aquaculture costs 5000 yuan, remainings 11200 yuan.Soft-shelled turtle, by listing in 3 years, 180, every only 1 kilogram, 180 kilograms, by existing market valency wild 400 yuan/kg subtotal: 72800 yuan, except deduction cost 15000 yuan, remainings 19266 yuan every year.Every mu of Organic Farming Rice Fields additional income is added up to add 3.5 ten thousand yuan.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; only be used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention, the technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of foregoing invention to the present invention.
[embodiment]
The invention discloses the high yield breeding technology that a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields cover supports Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, the high yield breeding technology that this Organic Farming Rice Fields cover supports Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle is a kind of cultural technique of planting the environmental protection combined with organic paddy rice.The present invention is in the land resources situation outside not occupying volume, give full play to and utilize the free of contamination ecological functions of Organic Farming Rice Fields, take natural put in a suitable place to breed raise together with theory, use natural, ecological food chain principle, set up Rice Cropping and Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle cultivate the plant breeding model be integrated.
The high yield breeding technology that this Organic Farming Rice Fields cover supports Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle comprises the steps:
(1) the selecting of Organic Farming Rice Fields: select to have abundant water resources, water holding capacity be strong, sky non-irrigated dry, flood does not flood, the rice field of environment quiet is cultivation rice field, the natural enemy not containing leech in rice field;
1.1, Organic Farming Rice Fields fertilizing management: rice field applies fertilizer, during whole Rice Cropping early growth, does not use any agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer;
1.2, water management: irrigation of paddy fields and breeding water all should through water source special irrigation canals and ditches, could use after utilizing physics and ecologically clean method filtration treatment, such as in irrigation canals and ditches, planting aquatic plants and cultivation microorganism come regulating water quality and oxygen content at any time, control Organic Farming Rice Fields water cleaning pollution-free, prevent water quality deterioration;
1.3, rice field water channel management: excavate " 7 " font water channel according to every block plot on the wherein both sides on limit, rice field four, wide 2.5 meters on water channel, bottom width 1.8 meters, the degree of depth 1.50 meters, water channel inner aqueous layer is not less than 1.4 meters;
1.4, anti-the escaping in rice field manages: arrange to prevent Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle from escaping and the cement block of external natural enemy infringement and nylon is anti-escapes net in ridge surrounding, respectively arranges water inlet and delivery port up and down in rice field, and arranges and prevent escaping net;
1.5, rice field birds and beasts management: for preventing the seedling of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle not by the infringement of birds, a bamboo is placed every 300 meters in rice field, and a compact disk is placed above, be used for reflectively driveing birds, also can install electronics bird-scaring unit additional in rice field, density is every 10 mu and installs 1;
(2) the selecting of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle seed: select healthy, active seedling kind, the individuality of Mercuric chloride is 30-50g/ head, the individuality of soft-shelled turtle is 80-100g/ head, soft-shelled turtle seedling requires that male and female separately, the seedling kind selected is thrown in Organic Farming Rice Fields by certain cultivation density, notes: throwing in the individuality of Mercuric chloride can not be less than 30g, too littlely easily to be eaten up by soft-shelled turtle, the Mercuric chloride skip capability of more than 30 grams is superpower, and the predation of also having no idea of adult soft-shelled turtle is arrived; Soft-shelled turtle seedling separately will be put in a suitable place to breed by male and female in rice field, mutually baits in case soft-shelled turtle enters oestrus after growing up;
(3) input of bait: Mercuric chloride and the soft-shelled turtle appetite of general seedling are smaller, do not need bait of throwing something and feeding, the biology in rice field and the enough feds to appetite of insects, Mercuric chloride generally starts progressively interval feeding in a small amount for 15 days after entering field, soft-shelled turtle generally starts progressively interval feeding in a small amount after entering field after 1 month, the main bait of Mercuric chloride is fly maggot and the earthworm of artificial culture, and the bait of soft-shelled turtle is fresh small fish and shrimp, the fresh spiral shell smashed or fresh fish;
(4) control of rice field insect pest: the insect 95% in rice field can be removed as food by Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, for preventing a small amount of aerial paddy rice winged insect evil, the solar insect-killing light of every 8 mu of placements 30W in rice field, late growth stage of rice also can carry out foliage-spray desinsection with tobacco stick is to boil water, attention: below trapping lamp diameter 1 meter scope in do not need rice cultivation, and lay a food platform, the falling into food platform and can eat for Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle of trapping lamp trapping;
Mercuric chloride density described in the present embodiment is that 1000/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity are in 10kg/ mu/week, soft-shelled turtle density is that 200/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity are in 20kg/ mu/week, described Organic Farming Rice Fields cover is supported in the high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, described water pH value is between 7-7.5, water temperature remains between 15 ~ 30 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 6 mg/litre.Described Organic Farming Rice Fields cover is supported in the high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, and in described rice field, water channel water layer remains on more than 1.4 meters.Described Organic Farming Rice Fields cover is supported in the high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, described rice field excavation " 7 " font water channel, wide 2.5 meters on water channel, bottom width 1.8 meters, the degree of depth 1.50 meters; Described Organic Farming Rice Fields cover is supported in the high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, rice field seedling plantation be wide-and narrow-row arrange, wide behavior 60CM, narrow row is 30CM, the paddy rice distance of wide row facilitates rice maturity Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle to enter rice field to look for food insect, and also more convenient Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle have sufficient sunlight and ventilation in paddy rice; Described Organic Farming Rice Fields cover is supported in the high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, described Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle prevent that the height escaping anti-natural enemy net is 1.5m, prevent escaping the wire netting that net is mesh 2.5X2.5CM, every 3 meters of use one metal upright posts are fixed, net inner side prevents escaping plate by the plastics that net installation 1.5 millimeters thick 1.2 meters is high, and imbeds earth about 20CM;
Described in the present embodiment, Organic Farming Rice Fields cover is supported in the high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, and described Mercuric chloride is Hainan Mercuric chloride, and soft-shelled turtle is that Incubation raises and train Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis seedling; In addition, described in the present embodiment, Organic Farming Rice Fields cover is supported in the high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, the disease prevention and cure of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle are also comprised: because field low-density is put in a suitable place to breed in described step (1), Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle can not fall ill substantially, Mercuric chloride Major Diseases is skin rot, prevention method is in bait, add cod-liver oil or multivitamin, time be 1 month once, soft-shelled turtle is exactly mainly water body disinfection, within every 2 months, is watered the resistance against diseases of splashing in paddyfield water raising Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle with the potassium permanganate of 1:100.
The high yield breeding skill technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle supported by Organic Farming Rice Fields cover disclosed by the invention, and not only can improve the economic benefit of land area of one unit, and can guarantee high yield and the high-quality of paddy rice, the Mercuric chloride cultivated in addition and the quality of soft-shelled turtle also reach wild standard.Compared with intensive culture in prior art, select Mercuric chloride density of the present invention 1000/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity in 10kg/ mu/week, soft-shelled turtle density is 200/mu and the daily ration, feeding quantity best of breed in 20kg/ mu/week, can than about intensive culture cost reduction twice in prior art; Applying the present invention can make the survival rate of the seedling of frog and soft-shelled turtle in rice field up to more than 90% simultaneously, annual results are as follows: Mercuric chloride, by annual listing, 900, every only 0.3 kilogram, 270kg/ mu, by existing market valency wild 60 yuan/kg subtotal: 16200 yuan of deduction aquaculture costs 5000 yuan, remainings 11200 yuan.Soft-shelled turtle, by listing in 3 years, 180, every only 1 kilogram, 180 kilograms, by existing market valency wild 400 yuan/kg subtotal: 72800 yuan, except deduction cost 15000 yuan, remainings 19266 yuan every year.Every mu of Organic Farming Rice Fields additional income is added up to add 3.5 ten thousand yuan.
[implementing thin example]
Be described in detail to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite not making creative work, all belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The high yield breeding technology of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle supported by Organic Farming Rice Fields disclosed by the invention cover, the Organic Farming Rice Fields selected must water source cleans, water holding capacity is strong, sky non-irrigated dry, flood does not flood, the rice field of environment quiet is for cultivating rice field.Can not enter as natural enemies such as mouse, snake and birds in rice field.
Rice field can only apply fertilizer, as the farmyard manure and rape dish cake fertilizer etc. that become thoroughly decomposed, and definitely can not to fertilize and agricultural chemicals;
Take clean springwater to irrigate, must not use sanitary sewage, field filled with by water for industrial use.Rice field water layer must remain on about 15cm, and water channel water layer forever can not lower than 1.4 meters; Rice transplanting adopts wide-and narrow-row mode, and namely wide behavior 60CM narrow row is 30CM; Start after general 15 days after rice transplanting to put into Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle seedling, Mercuric chloride seedling requires 30-50 grammes per square metre; Because paddy rice is at early growth period, strain body is less, and paddy field water either is more shallow, and water temperature is very large by the impact of temperature, and particularly under noon in summer, burning sun irradiated, water surface temperature can up to 40 DEG C sometimes.There is provided safer to give Mercuric chloride seedling and soft-shelled turtle seedling and hide place, water channel must be excavated in rice field.Digging water channel is the important measures that the frog and soft-shelled turtle are supported in rice field, " 7 " font water channel is excavated according to every block plot on the wherein both sides on limit, rice field four, wide 2.5 meters on water channel, bottom width 1.8 meters, the degree of depth 1.50 meters, water channel inner aqueous layer is not less than 1.4 meters throughout the year, for preventing high temperature, can on the limit of water channel the sun-proof net of setting unit, below sun-proof net, settle feeding platform, facilitate Mercuric chloride seedling and soft-shelled turtle seedling perch and ingest.
The present embodiment is encroached on to prevent Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle flight and external natural enemy, should arrange in the surrounding of ridge and prevent escaping net, select is highly 1.5m, mesh is 2.5X2.5CM wire netting, every 3 meters of use one metal upright posts are fixed, plate is escaped by the high plastics of net installation 1.5 millimeters thick 1.2 meters are anti-in net inner side, and imbeds earth about 20CM, drainage mouth will be selected up and down also will to arrange anti-ly escape net in rice field;
In feeding condition, cultivate because rice field belongs to organic, do not use any agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, the zoobenthos in rice field is more, as rice grub, aquatic insect larva and earthworm, loach etc., for Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle provide good natural bait.Along with the growth of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, appetite increases, and according to the situation of ingesting of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, takes in rice field, throw in artificial feeding fly maggot, earthworm, river snail, small fish and shrimp etc., is allowed to condition at field breeding, with the deficiency of supplementary Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle food.Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle are in feeding process, the ight soil that the swill (as fly maggot, river snail part dead volume etc.) of failing to digest is drained, it is all natural fertilizer, through microbial decomposition again by rice absorbing, not only increase the quality of rice field fertility and raising paddy rice, and purified water environment, be conducive to Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle grows healthily.Therefore, in the aquatic ecosystem in rice field, just define paddy rice, plankton, zoobenthos and a stable food chain such as Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle.
Breeding water must filter, and the ovum of the Feeding behavior of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle or larva can not be had to enter.Water body cleanliness without any pollution, in water, heavy metal, residue of pesticide content meet the regulation of country about green professional standard (WM/T2-2004).Water body pH is between 7-7.5, and water temperature remains between 15 ~ 30 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 6 mg/litre.Further, the moment note take precautions against as birds (wader), mouse, snake, etc. animal encroach on.
Selected healthy, the active seedling kind of the present invention, individuality the best of Mercuric chloride is 30-50g/ head, and individuality the best of soft-shelled turtle is 80-100g/ head, and soft-shelled turtle seedling requires that male and female separately, throws in the seedling kind selected in Organic Farming Rice Fields by certain cultivation density.
By constantly experiment and statistical analysis, compare discovery, under identical administrative situation, different daily ration, feeding quantities and cultivation density, growth rate, survival rate and per mu yield all have certain difference, therefrom filter out survival rate more than 90%, Organic Farming Rice Fields Mercuric chloride year per mu yield 270kg, the cultivation scheme of the best of soft-shelled turtle average year per mu yield 60 kilograms, determines density and the daily ration, feeding quantity of cultivation.About in prior art, intensive culture cost reduces twice, according to existing market market (Mercuric chloride 60 yuan kilogram, soft-shelled turtle 400 yuan kilogram) deduction aquaculture cost 20000 yuan (mainly comprise seedling hatching and throw in the live body bait such as spiral shell), every mu of Organic Farming Rice Fields can be made to adds additional 3.5 ten thousand yuan of incomes.
[test example]
Below by specific descriptions test example one, this test example one at the beginning, when temperature is stabilized in more than 20 DEG C, takes width line Transplanting pattern to start rice transplanting in Organic Farming Rice Fields June at the end of May.In about mid-June, select Mercuric chloride individuality be about 30-50g/ head, the individuality of soft-shelled turtle is about the seedling of 80-100g/ head, be 1000/mu according to Mercuric chloride density, soft-shelled turtle density is 100/mu and puts in Organic Farming Rice Fields, and the seedling of soft-shelled turtle is separately thrown in by male and female, (according to every block plot excavation " 7 " font water channel, wide 2.5 meters on water channel, bottom width 1.8 meters, the degree of depth 1.50 meters, water channel inner aqueous layer is not less than 1.4 meters throughout the year)
Be that the anti-of 1.5m escapes net at ridge surrounding rational height, prevent escaping the wire netting that net is mesh 2.5X2.5CM, every 3 meters of use one metal upright posts are fixed, net inner side prevents escaping plate by the plastics that net installation 1.5 millimeters thick 1.2 meters is high, and imbed earth about 20CM, the ridge up and down in rice field select drainage mouth (will arrange screen pack, prevent the ovum of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle escape and Feeding behavior or larva from entering), the current in whole rice field are led to, regulate the water quality in rice field and oxygen content at any time, strict control Organic Farming Rice Fields water cleaning is pollution-free, prevents water quality deterioration.
According to the growing state of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, take food situation, evenly throw in spiral shell according to 40kg/ mu/all daily ration, feeding quantities.The pre-disease prevention of the rational use of medicines in feeding process, prevention method is in bait, add cod-liver oil or multivitamin, time be 1 month once, soft-shelled turtle is exactly mainly water body disinfection, within every 2 months, is watered to splash with the potassium permanganate of 1:100 to improve the resistance against diseases of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle in paddyfield water.Note taking precautions against natural enemy infringement simultaneously, as birds, , mouse, the animals such as snake, compact disk can be placed and birds driven by bird-scaring unit in rice field, can be removed as food by Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle the insect 95% of growth process of riceplant semilate rice Tanaka, for preventing a small amount of aerial paddy rice winged insect evil, the solar insect-killing light of every 8 mu of placements 30W in rice field, late growth stage of rice also can carry out foliage-spray desinsection with tobacco stick is to boil water, attention: below trapping lamp diameter 1 meter scope in do not need rice cultivation, and lay a food platform, the falling into food platform and can eat for Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle of trapping lamp trapping.
Claims (8)
1. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, a soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in Organic Farming Rice Fields, is characterized in that comprising following operation:
(1) the selecting of Organic Farming Rice Fields: select to have abundant water resources, the rice field of environment quiet is cultivation rice field, the natural enemy preventing Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle can be accomplished in rice field;
1.1, Paddy fields management: rice field applies fertilizer, during paddy rice plantation early stage and paddy growth, absolutely not uses agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer;
1.2, water management: irrigation of paddy fields and breeding water, through ecologically clean filtration treatment, control Organic Farming Rice Fields water cleaning pollution-free, prevent water quality deterioration;
1.3, rice field water-preserving management: excavate " 7 " font water channel according to every block plot on the wherein both sides on limit, rice field four, wide 2.5 meters on water channel, bottom width 1.8 meters, the degree of depth 1.50 meters, water channel inner aqueous layer is not less than 1.4 meters; Described rice field water layer normally remains on 10-15cm, the paddy rice dry field phase and harvest time water channel water layer be not less than 1.4 meters;
1.4, anti-the escaping in rice field manages: arrange to prevent Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle from escaping and the cement block of external natural enemy infringement and nylon is anti-escapes net in rice field ridge surrounding, respectively arranges water inlet and delivery port up and down in rice field, and arranges and prevent escaping net;
1.5, rice field birds and beasts management: for preventing the seedling of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle not by the infringement of birds, in rice field, place a bamboo every 300 meters, and place a reflective mirror above, be used for reflectively driveing birds, and in rice field, installing electronics bird-scaring unit additional, density is every 10 mu and installs 1;
(2) the selecting of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle seed: select healthy, active seedling kind, the individuality of Mercuric chloride is 30-50g/ head, the individuality of soft-shelled turtle seedling is 80-100g/ head, soft-shelled turtle seedling requires that male and female separately, the seedling kind selected is thrown in Organic Farming Rice Fields by certain cultivation density, soft-shelled turtle seedling separately will be put in a suitable place to breed by male and female in rice field, mutually baits in case soft-shelled turtle enters oestrus after growing up;
(3) input of bait: according to the growth rhythm of Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle, throw in bait at regular time and quantity in Organic Farming Rice Fields, the main bait of Mercuric chloride is fly maggot and the earthworm of artificial culture, and the bait of soft-shelled turtle is fresh small fish and shrimp, the fresh spiral shell smashed or fresh fish;
(4) control of rice field insect pest: for preventing rice insect pest, places the solar insect-killing light of a 30W for every 5 mu in rice field, below trapping lamp diameter 1 meter scope in do not need rice cultivation, and lay a food platform, the worm killed eats for Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle.
2. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Mercuric chloride density be 1000/mu and daily ration, feeding quantity in 10kg/ mu/week, soft-shelled turtle density be 200/mu with daily ration, feeding quantity in 20kg/ mu/week.
3. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water pH value in rice field is between 7-7.5, and water temperature remains between 15 ~ 30 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 6 mg/litre.
4. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described Organic Farming Rice Fields, the plantation of rice shoot is that wide-and narrow-row is arranged, wide behavior 60CM, narrow row is 30CM.
5. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the height that described Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle prevent escaping the nylon protection network of anti-natural enemy is 1.5m, describedly anti-escape the wire netting that net is mesh 2.5*2.5CM, fix with metal upright post for every 3 meters, net inner side prevents escaping plate by the plastics that net installation 1.5 millimeters thick 1.2 meters is high, and imbeds earth 20 ± 2CM.
6. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seed of described Mercuric chloride is Hainan Mercuric chloride seed, the seed of soft-shelled turtle is that Incubation raises and train Shelled Turtle Trionyx Sinensis seedling.
7. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the disease prevention and cure also comprising Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle in described step (1): because field low-density is put in a suitable place to breed, Mercuric chloride Major Diseases is skin rot, prevention method is in bait, add cod-liver oil or multivitamin, soft-shelled turtle is exactly mainly water body disinfection, within every 2 months, is watered the resistance against diseases of splashing in paddyfield water raising Mercuric chloride and soft-shelled turtle with the potassium permanganate of 1:100.
8. paddy rice, Mercuric chloride, soft-shelled turtle symbiosis high yield breeding technique in a kind of Organic Farming Rice Fields according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described reflective mirror described in step (1) adopts abandoned optical discs.
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| CN105850790B (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2018-11-13 | 汪翔 | A kind of rice field soft-shelled turtle domesticating method |
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| CN112586443A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 南县泽水居农业有限公司 | Isolation system for breeding soft-shelled turtles in rice field |
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