CN106614181A - Rice and crab symbiotic breeding method - Google Patents
Rice and crab symbiotic breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106614181A CN106614181A CN201611038553.1A CN201611038553A CN106614181A CN 106614181 A CN106614181 A CN 106614181A CN 201611038553 A CN201611038553 A CN 201611038553A CN 106614181 A CN106614181 A CN 106614181A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of special aquatic product ecological breeding and provides a rice and crab symbiotic breeding method. The rice and crab symbiotic breeding method includes the steps that firstly, a storage pond is arranged; secondly, crab ditches and water inflow and drainage ditches are dug in a breeding rice field; thirdly, rice is transplanted; fourthly, anti-escape walls are arranged; fifthly, the storage pond is treated, and juvenile river crabs are temporarily bred; sixthly, the juvenile river crabs are subjected to temporary breeding management; seventhly, the juvenile river crabs are temporarily bred and then put in the breeding rice field to be managed; eighthly, the river crabs are caught. According to the rice and crab symbiotic breeding method, the weights and acre yield of finished crabs are greatly increased compared with finished crabs bred through a conventional rice and crab symbiotic breeding method, the method is environmentally friendly, the yield of the rice is not affected, dining tables of people are enriched, and the requirements of people can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to special aquatic products product ecological culturex field, is a kind of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method.
Background technology
With the deterioration of Rice Cropping environment, disease, insect pest, crop smothering are on the rise, in traditional mode of production, chemical fertilizer, agriculture
Medicine becomes the Main Means for ensureing rice yield.The environmental pollution for causing, the output value is low, and synergy is slow.And pond, lake etc.
Cultivating river crab has been buckled polluted water, destroys the cap of ecological environment.The Rice Cropping and culture of Chinese mitten crab technology of Development of Novel
It is extremely urgent.
In recent years, the northern area of China starts with the advantage of rice field local area ecological resource and carries out culture of Chinese mitten crab, development life
State breeding technology, make every effort to achieve " water is dual-purpose, a ground is double receives ' volume increase, increase income industry.On the one hand, breeding adult crabs in rice fields preventing and treating paddy rice
Disease pest and weed, cultivating river crab in rice field increase production and improve productivity.On the other hand, natural river crab has abundant nutriment, has become
One cuisines in people's food and drink, as environment changes, natural river crab is reduced increasingly, what existing rice crab symbiotic cultivation method was obtained
Finished product river crab head is little, per mu yield are low, and people's needs can not have been met.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method, overcomes the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, it can effectively be solved
Certainly natural river crab is reduced increasingly, and finished product river crab head is little that existing rice crab symbiotic cultivation method is obtained, per mu yield are low, can not expire
Sufficient people need.
The technical scheme is that by following measures to realize：A kind of rice crab symbiosis cultivation, enters in the steps below
OK：
The first step, arranges storage pond, holding pond, by 1/1st to nine/10th setting storage pond, holding pond of cultivation rice field area, storage pond, holding pond depth
1.4 meters to 1.6 meters, keep pressing 680 square metres to 720 square metre one in 30 centimetres to 50 centimetres water levels, storage pond, holding pond in storage pond, holding pond
Lattice arrange grid；
Second step, digs crab ditch and enters gutter in cultivation rice field, before rice seedling transplanting, the surrounding in rice field and the field in rice field
Deep 40m to 60cm, the annular crab ditch of width 50m to 100cm or matrix pattern crab ditch or groined type crab ditch are dug out in the ridge；
3rd step, plants paddy rice, and planting for paddy rice plants pattern transplanting seedlings using conventional；
4th step, anti-escape wall is cultivating the surrounding in rice field every 80 centimetres to 120 centimetres fixed timbers, then by plastic sheeting
Side be buried in the earth, the opposite side of plastic sheeting is tilted upward along timber towards cultivation rice field to be rolled and fixation forms anti-escape wall,
Anti-escape wall corner arranges camber, and enters setting wire netting at discharge outlet at each；
5th step, processes storage pond, holding pond and river crab seedling is temporarily supported, and temporarily supports first 15 days in river crab seedling, by per 1000 square metres of storage pond, holding ponds use
220 kilograms to 230 kilograms quick limes sprinkle after being watered and pour sterilization, kill germ and parasite, first use before river crab seedling enters storage pond, holding pond
Mass percent is that 4% saline solution soaks 2 minutes to 4 minutes, the water surface is reintroduced after immersion 8 minutes to 12 minutes, so repeatedly
2 times to 4 times, then river crab seedling is put into storage pond, holding pond；
6th step, river crab seedling is temporarily supported and managed, during river crab seedling is temporarily supported, throwing small fish 1 time at dusk daily, and daily ration of feeding accounts for river crab seedling
The 2% to 3% of weight；
7th step, river crab seedling is put into the management in cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting, before cultivation rice field is put into after river crab seedling is temporarily supported, first to supporting
Growing rice field carries out sterilization, again uniformly puts into 1 property of river crab seedling after temporarily supporting after sterilization and entirely cultivate in rice field,
Per 23 square metres to 27 square metres of settings, one bait throwing in point, by bait throwing in point feeding feed twice daily, day throws forage volume and accounts for river
The 2% to 3% of crab weight, natural bait per 15 days or 30 days feedings once；
8th step, river crab is fished for, and river crab is carried out before rice harvesting and is fished for.
The further optimization and/or improvements to foregoing invention technical scheme are presented herein below：
The sterilization in above-mentioned cultivation rice field is carried out as follows：Before cultivation rice field is put into after river crab seedling is temporarily supported, will cultivate
Rice water in field thoroughly drains and changes water, then splashes lime water by 15 grams to 20 grams quick limes of every cubic metre of water body.
In above-mentioned 7th step, by bait throwing in point minute morning and evening feeding feed twice daily, it is total that morning feeding volume accounts for daily feeding
Weight 1/3rd, account for 2/3rds of daily feeding gross weight at dusk；Feed includes plant feed and animal feed, plant
Feed accounts for the 30% to 40% of total feeding feed relative.
Above-mentioned river crab fishes for the method for catching crab with Ba Geng, and at dusk daily, river crab just climbs to anti-escape side within the walls on Ba Geng, can hold
Flashlight catches crab.
Above-mentioned river crab seedling is put into the management in cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting also include water quality management, disease control, eliminate natural enemy, pond
Patrol.
Above-mentioned water quality management is carried out as follows：According to the spring is shallow, Xia Man, Qiu Qin principle is managed, spring and summer
Change water 1 time season weekly, 2 days to 3 days summer changed water 1 time, and 1/3rd of total Water are changed every time, and it is little for 2.5 that the water time is changed every time
Can only moisturizing when 3.5 hours, river crab shell, it is impossible to draining.
Above-mentioned disease control is carried out as follows：In the case where what disease is suffered from without Accurate Diagnosis river crab, elder generation is adhered to
Change after water cure the disease, sterilized principle of reatment after first desinsection.
Above-mentioned elimination natural enemy is carried out as follows：River crab Natural Enemies have mouse and the frog, using lower raticide and artificial capture method
Method, periodically layout outside anti-escape wall and put raticide, thoroughly to remove before crab is put storage pond, holding pond and cultivation rice field in frog's egg and
Tadpole.
Above-mentioned pond is patrolled to be carried out as follows：Patrol pond sooner or later daily, to river crab active situation, ingest, disease, water quality, water
Position change, inside and outside pond water-head, Ba Geng burrow leak, escaping-preventing facilities, enter drainage network and patrolled.
The weight of the finished crab of the more existing conventional Rice crab symbiotic cultivation method cultivation of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method of the present invention and
Per mu yield is greatly improved, and environmental protection, will not produce impact to rice yield, enriches the dining table of people, Neng Gouman
The needs of sufficient people.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is not limited by following embodiments, can technology according to the present invention scheme and actual conditions determining specifically
Embodiment.
Embodiment 1, the rice crab symbiosis cultivation, is carried out in the steps below：
The first step, arranges storage pond, holding pond, by 1/1st to nine/10th setting storage pond, holding pond of cultivation rice field area, storage pond, holding pond depth
1.4 meters to 1.6 meters, keep pressing 680 square metres to 720 square metre one in 30 centimetres to 50 centimetres water levels, storage pond, holding pond in storage pond, holding pond
Lattice arrange grid；
Second step, digs crab ditch and enters gutter in cultivation rice field, before rice seedling transplanting, the surrounding in rice field and the field in rice field
Deep 40m to 60cm, the annular crab ditch of width 50m to 100cm or matrix pattern crab ditch or groined type crab ditch are dug out in the ridge；
3rd step, plants paddy rice, and planting for paddy rice plants pattern transplanting seedlings using conventional；
4th step, anti-escape wall is cultivating the surrounding in rice field every 80 centimetres to 120 centimetres fixed timbers, then by plastic sheeting
Side be buried in the earth, the opposite side of plastic sheeting is tilted upward along timber towards cultivation rice field to be rolled and fixation forms anti-escape wall,
Anti-escape wall corner arranges camber, and enters setting wire netting at discharge outlet at each；
5th step, processes storage pond, holding pond and river crab seedling is temporarily supported, and temporarily supports first 15 days in river crab seedling, by per 1000 square metres of storage pond, holding ponds use
220 kilograms to 230 kilograms quick limes sprinkle after being watered and pour sterilization, kill germ and parasite, first use before river crab seedling enters storage pond, holding pond
Mass percent is that 4% saline solution soaks 2 minutes to 4 minutes, the water surface is reintroduced after immersion 8 minutes to 12 minutes, so repeatedly
2 times to 4 times, then river crab seedling is put into storage pond, holding pond；
6th step, river crab seedling is temporarily supported and managed, during river crab seedling is temporarily supported, throwing small fish 1 time at dusk daily, and daily ration of feeding accounts for river crab seedling
The 2% to 3% of weight；
7th step, river crab seedling is put into the management in cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting, before cultivation rice field is put into after river crab seedling is temporarily supported, first to supporting
Growing rice field carries out sterilization, again uniformly puts into 1 property of river crab seedling after temporarily supporting after sterilization and entirely cultivate in rice field,
Per 23 square metres to 27 square metres of settings, one bait throwing in point, by bait throwing in point feeding feed twice daily, day throws forage volume and accounts for river
The 2% to 3% of crab weight, natural bait per 15 days or 30 days feedings once；
8th step, river crab is fished for, and river crab is carried out before rice harvesting and is fished for.
, per only weighing 200 grams to 375 grams, every 20 kilograms of per mu yield is extremely for the finished crab of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method cultivation of the present invention
35 kilograms；Planting for paddy rice can be using the plantation pattern transplanting seedlings of large-ridge double-row；Storage pond, holding pond can be cheated using rice field gutter, little Chi
The ground such as the pool.Storage pond, holding pond is smooth, so that river crab seedling is perched and activity；The earthwork of crab ditch is dug in cultivation rice field can be stacked in formation on the ridge
Ba Geng, and tamp, the purpose for cultivating rice field irrigation facility is to increase the depth of water and the water yield, adjusts water temperature, it is often more important that be conducive to
Anti-escape wall is set, is prevented waterlogging, patrolled pond, bait throwing in and river crab and perch, be easy to recapture.Anti-escape wall is being cultivated around rice field, with 90 lis
The wide plastic sheeting of rice, imbeds 30 centimetres of underground, and compacting is remaining 60 centimetres, above with rope toward direction volume, anti-escape wall turning outside field
Place will form arc, in case river crab climbing, anti-escape wall must be firm, slightly inclines to inner side, and each enters two inside and outside discharge outlet
Side, all arranges anti-escape network with 20 centimetres of plastic tubes of wire netting and diameter.
Due to being to purchase juvenile crab in annual April, and mid-June is the time for being put into cultivation rice field, therefore is needed this period
Juvenile crab is temporarily supported；Storage pond, holding pond can not apply the things such as herbicide, disabling excitant, volatility chemical fertilizer.The general per hectare of storage pond, holding pond is thrown in
It is to obtain bigger economic benefit within river crab 20,000, answers more options female crab.During temporarily supporting, particularly river crab has just entered pond
3 days to 5 days, food ration is very big, and more than theoretical reckoning several times are measured, reason be survive the winter during empty in river crab stomach.In the case where connecing
Come several days, food ration is significantly reduced, and this is all normal phenomenon；Water shortage then needs moisturizing in storage pond, holding pond.
River crab is Omnivore, so feed resource is wider.Common water plant, most of standing grain in terrestrial plant
Graminaceous plant is all edible, cerealses（Such as boil 7 points of ripe wheats, corn class, paddy）, puffed soybean, bran.River crab is liked
Food animal fodder, such as snail benthon, the leftover bits and pieces in slaughterhouse, fish and shrimp, maggot, earthworm.In addition to natural bait is fed, also
Artificial synthesized bait should be supplemented, to meet the needs of river crab fast-growth.When feeding should " four determine ", i.e. timing, it is quantitative, determine matter,
Fixed point.
Summer animal bait ratio can be reduced suitably, prevent water quality deterioration.Overcast and rainy or hot weather（Less than 15 DEG C or
During higher than 28 DEG C）Few to throw or do not throw, Jing often admixes high calcium element, vitamin C etc. in bait, prevents from lacking trace element and causing
Shell is unsuccessful, can also admix 1% mashed garlic, prevents enteritis.Fixed point fixes a bait throwing in per 23 square metres to 27 square metres
Point, bait throwing in is uniform, and river crab takes food conveniently, and growth is balanced, and commercial specification is larger, and survival rate is higher with yield.Although taking the ridge
Recruitment is more, and floor space is big, feeds arduously, but remarkable in economical benefits.If bait throwing in is uneven, just occur that crab is in groups at bait throwing in
Food is robbed, big person takes advantage of little, little on short commons situation is come into field and finds have many little crabs rotten rice root leaf of looking for food in situ to allay one's hunger,
Eat at all less than artitificial food.
The general crabbing before rice harvesting, the method that crab is caught on the multipurpose dam ridge；" north wind blows, crab pin is itched ", this exactly catches crab
Inning.
Paddy rice and river crab with symbiosis and can have a complementation benefit well.First paddy rice is many tillered plants, and plant is in great numbers,
Good hidden and habitat is provided for river crab.And the activity of river crab can be with chesson, rice weed of ingesting is paddy rice
Growth provides good environment；Secondly, the having abundant water resources of paddy field, water quality is pure and fresh, water temperature is suitable, is conducive to the growth of river crab.Meanwhile,
The fertilizer of rice application promotes pasture and water, hydroplankton and benthic growth and breeding, provides what is enriched for river crab
Foodstuff.And the excreta of river crab and remaining bait, while Jing paddy rice provides nutrition, soil improvement is also promoted, reduce
Rate of fertilizer, improves rice yield；Again, during cultivating river crab in rice field, Jing commonly uses the disinfectants such as quick lime, potassium permanganate,
Reduce the generation of rice disease；Finally, river crab is very sensitive to agricultural chemicals, therefore the rice field of foster river crab is conducive to producing organic rice
Paddy, so as to improve the commodity value of paddy rice.
Embodiment 2, the rice crab symbiosis cultivation, is carried out in the steps below：
The first step, arranges storage pond, holding pond, and by 1/10th setting storage pond, holding ponds of cultivation rice field area, storage pond, holding pond is deep 1.4 meters, storage pond, holding pond
35 centimetres of water levels of interior holding, grid is arranged in storage pond, holding pond by 720 square metre of one lattice；
Second step, digs crab ditch and enters gutter in cultivation rice field, before rice seedling transplanting, the surrounding in rice field and the field in rice field
Deep 40mcm, the annular crab ditch of width 70cm or matrix pattern crab ditch or groined type crab ditch are dug out in the ridge；
3rd step, plants paddy rice, and planting for paddy rice plants pattern transplanting seedlings using conventional；
4th step, anti-escape wall is cultivating the surrounding in rice field every 120 centimetres of fixed timbers, then buries the side of plastic sheeting
In burying, the opposite side of plastic sheeting is tilted upward to roll and fix towards cultivation rice field and forms anti-escape wall along timber, and anti-escape wall is turned
Camber is set at angle, and enters setting wire netting at discharge outlet at each；
5th step, processes storage pond, holding pond and river crab seedling is temporarily supported, and temporarily supports first 15 days in river crab seedling, by per 1000 square metres of storage pond, holding ponds use
220 kilograms of quick limes sprinkle after being watered and pour sterilization, kill germ and parasite, and before river crab seedling enters storage pond, holding pond mass percent is first used
Saline solution for 4% soaks 2 minutes, the water surface is reintroduced after immersion 10 minutes, so repeatedly 2 times, is then put into river crab seedling and temporarily supports
Chi Zhong；
6th step, river crab seedling is temporarily supported and managed, during river crab seedling is temporarily supported, throwing small fish 1 time at dusk daily, and daily ration of feeding accounts for river crab seedling
The 2% of weight；
7th step, river crab seedling is put into the management in cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting, before cultivation rice field is put into after river crab seedling is temporarily supported, first to supporting
Growing rice field carries out sterilization, again uniformly puts into 1 property of river crab seedling after temporarily supporting after sterilization and entirely cultivate in rice field,
One bait throwing in point is set per 27 square metres, and by bait throwing in point feeding feed twice daily, day throws forage volume and accounts for the 2.5% of river crab weight,
Natural bait per 30 days feedings once；
8th step, river crab is fished for, and carries out river crab and fishes within 15 days before rice harvesting.
The finished crab of the rice crab symbiotic cultivation method of the present embodiment 2 cultivation per only weighing 280 grams, per 23 kilograms of per mu yield.
Embodiment 3, the rice crab symbiosis cultivation, is carried out in the steps below：
The first step, arranges storage pond, holding pond, and by 1/9th setting storage pond, holding ponds of cultivation rice field area, storage pond, holding pond is deep 1.6 meters, storage pond, holding pond
50 centimetres of water levels of interior holding, grid is arranged in storage pond, holding pond by 700 square metre of one lattice；
Second step, digs crab ditch and enters gutter in cultivation rice field, before rice seedling transplanting, the surrounding in rice field and the field in rice field
The annular crab ditch or matrix pattern crab ditch or groined type crab ditch of deep 60cm, 90cm are dug out in the ridge；
3rd step, plants paddy rice, and planting for paddy rice plants pattern transplanting seedlings using conventional；
4th step, anti-escape wall is cultivating the surrounding in rice field every 80 centimetres of fixed timbers, then imbeds the side of plastic sheeting
In soil, the opposite side of plastic sheeting is tilted upward to roll and fix towards cultivation rice field and forms anti-escape wall, anti-escape wall turning along timber
Place arranges camber, and enters setting wire netting at discharge outlet at each；
5th step, processes storage pond, holding pond and river crab seedling is temporarily supported, and temporarily supports first 15 days in river crab seedling, by per 1000 square metres of storage pond, holding ponds use
230 kilograms of quick limes sprinkle after being watered and pour sterilization, kill germ and parasite, and before river crab seedling enters storage pond, holding pond mass percent is first used
Saline solution for 4% soaks 3 minutes, the water surface is reintroduced after immersion 10 minutes, so repeatedly 3 times, is then put into river crab seedling and temporarily supports
Chi Zhong；
6th step, river crab seedling is temporarily supported and managed, during river crab seedling is temporarily supported, throwing small fish 1 time at dusk daily, and daily ration of feeding accounts for river crab seedling
The 3% of weight；
7th step, river crab seedling is put into the management in cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting, before cultivation rice field is put into after river crab seedling is temporarily supported, first to supporting
Growing rice field carries out sterilization, again uniformly puts into 1 property of river crab seedling after temporarily supporting after sterilization and entirely cultivate in rice field,
One bait throwing in point is set per 25 square metres, and by bait throwing in point feeding feed twice daily, day throws forage volume and accounts for the 3% of river crab weight, day
So bait per 15 days feedings once；
8th step, river crab is fished for, and carries out river crab and fishes within 10 days before rice harvesting.
The finished crab of the rice crab symbiotic cultivation method of the present embodiment 3 cultivation per only weighing 360 grams, per 32 kilograms of per mu yield.
Embodiment 4, used as the optimization of above-described embodiment, cultivating the sterilization in rice field is carried out as follows：In river crab
Seedling is put into before cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting, and will thoroughly drain and change water by water in cultivation rice field, then by 15 grams to 20 of every cubic metre of water body
Gram quick lime is splashed lime water.Splash lime water, not only sterilization but also replenished the calcium, be conducive to river crab degenerate cllipticity.
Embodiment 5, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in the 7th step, passes through daily bait throwing in point minute morning and evening feeding feed two
Secondary, morning feeding volume accounts for 1/3rd of daily feeding gross weight, accounts for 2/3rds of daily feeding gross weight at dusk；Feed bag
Plant feed and animal feed are included, plant feed accounts for the 30% to 40% of total feeding feed relative.
Embodiment 6, used as the optimization of above-described embodiment, river crab fishes for the method for catching crab with Ba Geng, and at dusk daily, river crab is just
Anti-escape side within the walls on Ba Geng is climbed to, flashlight can be held and caught crab.
Embodiment 7, used as the optimization of above-described embodiment, river crab seedling is put into the management in cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting also include water quality
Management, disease control, elimination natural enemy, pond are patrolled.
Embodiment 8, used as the optimization of above-described embodiment, water quality management is carried out as follows：According to the spring is shallow, Xia Man, the autumn
Diligent principle is managed, and spring and summer change weekly water 1 time, and 2 days to 3 days summer changed water 1 time, three points that total Water is changed every time
One of, the water time was changed every time for 2.5 hours to 3.5 hours, can only moisturizing during river crab shell, it is impossible to draining.Spring is raising water
Temperature, favourable river crab shell should make rice field keep shallow water；Summer high temperature, should make rice field reach most deep water level；Autumn is in ingests
Peak, if animal bait increases, temperature is again high, and the easily general pool, Ying Qin changes water, changes water time control at 2.5 hours to 3.5
Hour, in case change water overrunning, it is mutated water temperature in rice field.River crab often changes water energy effective stimulus per shell 1 increase, 1 body weight, Jing
River crab activity, accelerates shell.But can only add water in river crab shell, it is impossible to draining.
Embodiment 9, used as the optimization of above-described embodiment, disease control is carried out as follows：There is no Accurate Diagnosis river
In the case that what disease crab suffers from, adhere to first changing after water cure the disease, sterilized principle of reatment after first desinsection.
Embodiment 10, used as the optimization of above-described embodiment, eliminating natural enemy is carried out as follows：River crab Natural Enemies have mouse
And the frog, using lower raticide and the method for artificial capture method, periodically layout outside anti-escape wall and put raticide, thoroughly to remove before crab is put temporarily
Frog's egg and tadpole in foster pond and cultivation rice field.Storage pond, holding pond and crab farming Tanaka frog's egg and Ke are thoroughly removed river crab before seedling is put
Tadpole, because of batrachia also eating river crab seedling.
Embodiment 11, used as the optimization of above-described embodiment, pond is patrolled to be carried out as follows：Daily pond is patrolled sooner or later, to river crab
Active situation, ingest, disease, water quality, SEA LEVEL VARIATION, inside and outside pond water-head, Ba Geng burrow leak, escaping-preventing facilities, enter drainage network
Patrolled.Pond patrol be crab farming daily management important process；Particularly strong wind, rainstorm weather more will conscientiously go through, and send out
Existing problem, is processed in time, in order to avoid cause damage.
Raising crabs in paddy field to refer to and be aided with artificial measure using the shallow-water environment in rice field, has not only planted rice but also crab farming.Reach paddy with
The double purposes for increasing income of river crab.This Agricultural resources information of rice field is made full use of, raising crabs in paddy field is greatly developed, three-dimensional development is carried out,
Grain fishing mutually promotees, and has complementary advantages, and is currently to adjust the structure of rural undertaking, and steady grain is increased income, and guides farmer richness, revitalizes the rural economy
One important measures.In recent years, paddy field aquaculture commodity crab scale is increasing, is cultivated according to rice crab symbiosis of the present invention, concludes it
The meaning of following several respects：1. labour and production cost are saved, the quality of product is improved.River crab is put in rice field in a suitable place to breed, with removing
Careless deinsectization effect, can lack with or without agricultural chemicals, reduce artificial input.River crab excreta and residual bait can play certain fertilizer efficiency,
The consumption of fertilizer is reduced, production cost is saved, condition of water quality is improved, the quality of paddy is improve, environment is reduced
Pollution level.
Using paddy field aquaculture commodity crab, income can be increased substantially.Cultivating river crab in rice field, changes traditional agriculture
Field planting patterns, becomes single cropping industry into plantation, cultivation comprehensive management, so as to improve the level of the productive forces in rice field.3. develop
Raising crabs in paddy field, substantially increases the enthusiasm of peasant's farming, is conducive to stablizing grain-production；While commodity crab is produced, one
As do not affect the yield of rice field grain, so both played stable foodstuff planting area and stablized the positive role of grain yield, also
Smoothly completing for task is ordered in the supply and national food that ensure that peasant's grain ration.4. high-quality high-grade aquatic products are increased, and river crab produces
The increase of amount, enriches " vegetable basket "；Pasture and water are more in rice field, and bait enriches, and water temperature is suitable, and oxygen is sufficient, are river crab growths
Ecotopia；The commodity crab that is produced from rice field, is high-quality high-grade pollution-free food, is that urban and rural residents like the high-quality aquatic products eaten.5.
Raising crabs in paddy field, carries out planting industry and aquaculture combines, and has complementary advantages, and promotes the development of the ecological agriculture；After putting river crab in a suitable place to breed, river
Crab can be used weeds, aquatic insect, benthon etc. as feed, and the excreta of river crab, residual bait can be used as fertilizer fertilizer
Field, promotes paddy growth；Meanwhile, the environment in rice field residing for river crab, water quality Jing is often exchanged, relatively pure and fresh, rice field soil property soft or hard
Moderate, intensive rice strain is that river crab is hidden, the good place that lowers the temperature, hide harmful animal, safe shell, and this ecological condition is conducive to
River crab grows；This rice shield crab, crab helps the breeding binding pattern of rice is a kind of benign ecological circulation, can effectively improve soil
The utilization rate and output capacity on ground.
, averagely per only weighing 150 grams, per per mu yield, average 10 is public for the finished crab of existing conventional Rice crab symbiotic cultivation method cultivation
Jin；The finished crab of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method cultivation of the present invention is public per 20 kilograms to 35 of per mu yield per only weighing 200 grams to 375 grams
Jin；Illustrate the weight and mu of the finished crab of the more existing conventional Rice crab symbiotic cultivation method cultivation of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method of the present invention
Yield is greatly improved, and will not produce impact to rice yield, and the increase of river crab yield enriches the dining table of people, energy
Enough meet the needs of people.
In sum, the finished crab of the more existing conventional Rice crab symbiotic cultivation method cultivation of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method of the present invention
Weight and per mu yield greatly improve, and environmental protection will not produce impact to rice yield, enrich the meal of people
Table, disclosure satisfy that the needs of people.
Above technical characteristic constitutes embodiments of the invention, and it has stronger adaptability and implementation result, can basis
It is actually needed the non-essential technical characteristic of increase and decrease to meet the demand of different situations.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of rice crab symbiotic cultivation method, it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below：
The first step, arranges storage pond, holding pond, by 1/1st to nine/10th setting storage pond, holding pond of cultivation rice field area, storage pond, holding pond depth
1.4 meters to 1.6 meters, keep pressing 680 square metres to 720 square metre one in 30 centimetres to 50 centimetres water levels, storage pond, holding pond in storage pond, holding pond
Lattice arrange grid；
Second step, digs crab ditch and enters gutter in cultivation rice field, before rice seedling transplanting, the surrounding in rice field and the field in rice field
Deep 40m to 60cm, the annular crab ditch of width 50m to 100cm or matrix pattern crab ditch or groined type crab ditch are dug out in the ridge；
3rd step, plants paddy rice, and planting for paddy rice plants pattern transplanting seedlings using conventional；
4th step, anti-escape wall is cultivating the surrounding in rice field every 80 centimetres to 120 centimetres fixed timbers, then by plastic sheeting
Side be buried in the earth, the opposite side of plastic sheeting is tilted upward along timber towards cultivation rice field to be rolled and fixation forms anti-escape wall,
Anti-escape wall corner arranges camber, and enters setting wire netting at discharge outlet at each；
5th step, processes storage pond, holding pond and river crab seedling is temporarily supported, and temporarily supports first 15 days in river crab seedling, by per 1000 square metres of storage pond, holding ponds use
220 kilograms to 230 kilograms quick limes sprinkle after being watered and pour sterilization, kill germ and parasite, first use before river crab seedling enters storage pond, holding pond
Mass percent is that 4% saline solution soaks 2 minutes to 4 minutes, the water surface is reintroduced after immersion 8 minutes to 12 minutes, so repeatedly
2 times to 4 times, then river crab seedling is put into storage pond, holding pond；
6th step, river crab seedling is temporarily supported and managed, during river crab seedling is temporarily supported, throwing small fish 1 time at dusk daily, and daily ration of feeding accounts for river crab seedling
The 2% to 3% of weight；
7th step, river crab seedling is put into the management in cultivation rice field after temporarily supporting, before cultivation rice field is put into after river crab seedling is temporarily supported, first to supporting
Growing rice field carries out sterilization, again uniformly puts into 1 property of river crab seedling after temporarily supporting after sterilization and entirely cultivate in rice field,
Per 23 square metres to 27 square metres of settings, one bait throwing in point, by bait throwing in point feeding feed twice daily, day throws forage volume and accounts for river
The 2% to 3% of crab weight, natural bait per 15 days or 30 days feedings once；
8th step, river crab is fished for, and river crab is carried out before rice harvesting and is fished for.
2. rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sterilization in cultivation rice field is by following
Method is carried out：Before cultivation rice field is put into after river crab seedling is temporarily supported, water in cultivation rice field is thoroughly drained and is changed water, then by per cube
15 grams to 20 grams quick limes of meter Shui Ti are splashed lime water.
3. rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in the 7th step, daily by bait throwing in
Twice, morning feeding volume accounts for 1/3rd of daily feeding gross weight, accounts for daily feeding gross weight at dusk point minute morning and evening feeding feed
2/3rds of amount；Feed includes plant feed and animal feed, and plant feed accounts for the 30% to 40% of total feeding feed relative.
4. the rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that river crab is fished for and catches crab with Ba Geng
Method, daily at dusk, river crab just climbs to anti-escape side within the walls on Ba Geng, can hold flashlight and catch crab.
5. the rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterised in that river crab seedling is put into after temporarily supporting
The management in cultivation rice field also includes that water quality management, disease control, elimination natural enemy, pond are patrolled.
6. rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that water quality management is carried out as follows：Press
According to the spring is shallow, Xia Man, Qiu Qin principle is managed, spring and summer change weekly water 1 time, and 2 days to 3 days summer changed water 1 time, every time
1/3rd of total Water are changed, the water time is changed every time for 2.5 hours to 3.5 hours, can only moisturizing during river crab shell, it is impossible to arrange
Water.
7. the rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that disease control is entered as follows
OK：In the case where what disease is suffered from without Accurate Diagnosis river crab, adhere to first changing after water cure the disease, sterilized treatment after first desinsection it is former
Then.
8. the rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that eliminate natural enemy as follows
Carry out：River crab Natural Enemies have mouse and the frog, using lower raticide and the method for artificial capture method, periodically layout outside anti-escape wall and put mouse
Medicine, will thoroughly remove storage pond, holding pond and the frog's egg in cultivation rice field and tadpole before crab is put.
9. the rice crab symbiotic cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, it is characterised in that pond is patrolled and entered as follows
OK：Patrol pond sooner or later daily, to river crab active situation, ingest, disease, water quality, SEA LEVEL VARIATION, water-head, Ba Geng burrow inside and outside pond
Leak, escaping-preventing facilities, enter drainage network and patrolled.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107836391A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-03-27 | 马鞍山绿野生态农业(集团）有限公司 | A kind of method of rice field ecology cultivating river crab |
| CN110972851A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for breeding adult crabs in northern paddy field |
| CN111990303A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-27 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Method for breeding Australia freshwater crayfishes in paddy field |
| CN112400635A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 湖南宏硕生物科技有限公司 | Rice and crab recirculating aquaculture method |
| CN114073234A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-02-22 | 杨万顺 | Rice and crab symbiosis management platform and detection method thereof |
| CN114081011A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-02-25 | 李明顺 | Rice and crab symbiosis management platform and detection method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-11-23 CN CN201611038553.1A patent/CN106614181A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107836391A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-03-27 | 马鞍山绿野生态农业(集团）有限公司 | A kind of method of rice field ecology cultivating river crab |
| CN110972851A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for breeding adult crabs in northern paddy field |
| CN114073234A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-02-22 | 杨万顺 | Rice and crab symbiosis management platform and detection method thereof |
| CN114081011A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-02-25 | 李明顺 | Rice and crab symbiosis management platform and detection method thereof |
| CN111990303A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-27 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Method for breeding Australia freshwater crayfishes in paddy field |
| CN112400635A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 湖南宏硕生物科技有限公司 | Rice and crab recirculating aquaculture method |
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