CN110972851A - A method for cultivating adult crabs in northern rice fields - Google Patents
A method for cultivating adult crabs in northern rice fields Download PDFInfo
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- CN110972851A CN110972851A CN202010047663.4A CN202010047663A CN110972851A CN 110972851 A CN110972851 A CN 110972851A CN 202010047663 A CN202010047663 A CN 202010047663A CN 110972851 A CN110972851 A CN 110972851A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crab culture in rice fields, in particular to a method for culturing adult crabs in a north rice field, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a rice field; s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches; s3, fertilizing in the rice field; s4, setting escape prevention; s5, selecting rice varieties and planting; s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field; s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs; s8, daily management and feeding; s9, catching crabs; and S10, harvesting rice. The method for breeding crabs in the rice field is suitable for the north, a breeding mode of box-separated transplanting, double-side ditches and small stocking density of adult crabs is adopted, the bred crabs and rice in one season of the north are symbiotic, the economic benefit is improved, the optimal density of the crabs during temporary breeding in the field and the optimal stocking density range during breeding in the rice field are obtained through systematic calculation of the economic benefit, the optimal economic benefit can be obtained, the temporary breeding is carried out on the crab seedlings before the rice is planted, and the problem that the crab seedlings cannot enter the field is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crab culture in rice fields, in particular to a method for culturing adult crabs in a north rice field.
Background
The crab culture in rice field is a system engineering with comprehensive benefits in the current agricultural production, and has important functions for stabilizing grain and keeping supply, increasing production and income, guiding farmers to become rich and exciting rural economy. The rice field provides a good habitat for river crabs, promotes the growth of the river crabs, enables the rice crabs to symbiotically grow, and obviously improves the economic benefit.
At present, the rice field crab culture method is mostly suitable for south, south rice is mostly two-season or multi-season rice, north is one-season rice, the south rice field crab culture method is not suitable for north, moreover, the stocking density of crabs (young crab period of river crabs) disclosed on the market is wide, farmers cannot be guided to obtain better economic benefit, in addition, the large supply time of crab seedlings in the north market is between 4 and 5 months, because the rice field has not finished planting the rice seedlings at the moment, the bought crab seedlings cannot be put into the field for breeding, the temporarily breeding technology of the paddock is not mentioned in the prior art, and the breeding mode is laggard.
The previously disclosed patents: in the northern rice field crab culture mode, most of the rice planting modes are 'big-ridge double-row', the planting mode is not suitable for mechanized rice transplanting, the rice transplanting method adopted by the application is to transplant rice by using a rice transplanter, and every 12 rows are not transplanted in a vacant row to form a 'box', so that the air circulation is realized, the rice crab culture mode is suitable for rice growth, and the river crab walking mode is also suitable. Has advantages over 'big ridge and double rows'.
The previously disclosed patents: the circular ditches are all provided with ditches around, the application is changed into 'bilateral ditches', a part of rice planting area is saved, and the method has advantages in this aspect.
Therefore, we propose a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field.
A method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 50-70 kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding 6.17 +/-1.09 g of crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after the ice is thawed for 4 months, 80-100 kg of quicklime is used for sterilizing pond water in each pond, and juvenile crabs are put in each pond after one week, wherein the stocking density is 3000-4000 crabs/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: preparing a larval crab disinfectant, putting the larval crabs into a wooden bucket filled with the disinfectant during disinfection, carrying out immersion bath for 15-30 minutes, and then stocking the larval crabs into a ditch with stocking density of 200-500 crabs/500 m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the steps of respectively patrolling for one time in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding the baits once in the morning and afternoon, feeding the baits and supplementing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs.
S9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
Preferably, the soil of the paddy field is either sandy loam or clay.
Preferably, the width of the main ditch of the rice ridge and the crab ditch is 50-100cm, and the depth is 70-80 cm.
Preferably, when enclosing the anti-escape wall, use the stake earlier as the pillar, use iron wire or plastics rope as the skeleton, after the anti-escape membrane fifty percent discount, two lower extremes merge and press 0.10 ~ 0.15 meters in the mud, and the upper end is put up on iron wire or plastics rope, and the requirement is tight, straight for the anti-escape membrane.
Preferably, the anti-escape film is one or two of a plastic film and asbestos shingles.
Preferably, the juvenile crabs are fed for 2 times every day, the daily feeding rate is 5-10%, and the feeding rate is 9% in the morning: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting the feeding amount according to the eating condition, changing water according to the water quality condition after crabs enter the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of the total water amount each time, and keeping the water depth to be more than 1 m.
Preferably, bleaching powder is mixed at 10g/m320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for breeding crabs in rice fields is suitable for the north, adopts a breeding mode of box-separated transplanting, double-side ditches and small stocking density of adult crabs, and breeds the crabs to be symbiotic with rice in one season in the north, thereby improving the economic benefit.
2. The invention obtains the range of the optimum density for temporary culture and the optimum density for stocking in the paddock by systematic calculation of economic benefit, and can obtain the best economic benefit.
3. The invention discloses a method for temporarily breeding a paddock, which can temporarily breed crab seedlings before rice is planted and solve the problem that the crab seedlings cannot enter the paddock.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 60kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding 6.17 +/-1.09 g of crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after thawing ice at the beginning of 4 months, sterilizing pond water with 90kg of quicklime in each pond, putting crabs in each pond after one week, and putting crabs in each pond with the stocking density of 3000 crabs/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: preparing sterilizing liquid medicine for crabs, putting the crabs into a wooden barrel containing the liquid medicine during sterilization, carrying out immersion bath for 20 minutes, and then stocking the crabs into a ditch with stocking density of 300 crabs/500 m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the steps of respectively patrolling for one time in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding the baits once in the morning and afternoon, feeding the baits and supplementing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs.
S9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
In this embodiment, the soil in paddy field is sandy loam soil, and rice ridge crab ditch's main ditch is wide 50 ~ 100cm, and is 70 ~ 80cm deep, encloses when preventing escaping the wall, uses the stake as the pillar earlier, uses iron wire or plastics rope as the skeleton, prevents escaping the membrane fifty percent discount back, and two lower extremes merge and press 0.10 ~ 0.15 meters in the mud, and the upper end frame is on iron wire or plastics rope, and the requirement is prevented escaping the membrane and is tightened, straight, prevents escaping the membrane and be plastic film, and the crab is thrown and is fed 2 times every day, and the rate of raising is 5 ~ 10% daily, and morning 9: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting feeding amount according to eating condition, changing water according to water quality condition after putting crabs into the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of total water amount each time, keeping water depth more than 1 m, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
Example two:
a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 60kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding 6.17 +/-1.09 g of crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after thawing ice for 4 months, sterilizing pond water with 90kg of quicklime in each pond, putting crabs in each pond after one week, and putting crabs in each pond with a stocking density of 4000 crabs/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: sterilizing prepared crabsThe method comprises placing the crabs into a wooden bucket containing medicinal liquid for soaking for 20 min, and breeding in a ditch with a breeding density of 300 crabs/500 m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the steps of respectively patrolling for one time in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding the baits once in the morning and afternoon, feeding the baits and supplementing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs.
S9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
In this embodiment, the soil in paddy field is sandy loam soil, and rice ridge crab ditch's main ditch is wide 50 ~ 100cm, and is 70 ~ 80cm deep, encloses when preventing escaping the wall, uses the stake as the pillar earlier, uses iron wire or plastics rope as the skeleton, prevents escaping the membrane fifty percent discount back, and two lower extremes merge and press 0.10 ~ 0.15 meters in the mud, and the upper end frame is on iron wire or plastics rope, and the requirement is prevented escaping the membrane and is tightened, straight, prevents escaping the membrane and be plastic film, and the crab is thrown and is fed 2 times every day, and the rate of raising is 5 ~ 10% daily, and morning 9: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting feeding amount according to eating condition, changing water according to water quality condition after putting crabs into the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of total water amount each time, keeping water depth more than 1 m, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
The first embodiment, the second embodiment and the comparative example for changing the stocking density of the temporarily stocked crabs in the paddock are tested, and after 8 weeks, the test results are as follows:
the test result is as follows:
example three:
a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 60kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding 6.17 +/-1.09 g of crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after thawing ice at the beginning of 4 months, sterilizing pond water with 90kg of quicklime in each pond, putting crabs in each pond after one week, and putting crabs in each pond with the stocking density of 3000 crabs/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: preparing sterilizing liquid medicine for crabs, putting the crabs into a wooden barrel containing the liquid medicine during sterilization, carrying out immersion bath for 20 minutes, and then stocking the crabs into a ditch with stocking density of 200 crabs/1000 m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the steps of respectively patrolling for one time in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding the baits once in the morning and afternoon, feeding the baits and supplementing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs.
S9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
In this embodiment, the soil in paddy field is sandy loam soil, and rice ridge crab ditch's main ditch is wide 50 ~ 100cm, and is 70 ~ 80cm deep, encloses when preventing escaping the wall, uses the stake as the pillar earlier, uses iron wire or plastics rope as the skeleton, prevents escaping the membrane fifty percent discount back, and two lower extremes merge and press 0.10 ~ 0.15 meters in the mud, and the upper end frame is on iron wire or plastics rope, and the requirement is prevented escaping the membrane and is tightened, straight, prevents escaping the membrane and be plastic film, and the crab is thrown and is fed 2 times every day, and the rate of raising is 5 ~ 10% daily, and morning 9: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting feeding amount according to eating condition, changing water according to water quality condition after putting crabs into the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of total water amount each time, keeping water depth more than 1 m, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
Example four:
a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 60kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding 6.17 +/-1.09 g of crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after thawing ice at the beginning of 4 months, sterilizing pond water with 90kg of quicklime in each pond, putting crabs after one week, and breeding at a high densityIs 3000/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: preparing sterilizing liquid medicine for crabs, putting the crabs into a wooden bucket containing the liquid medicine during sterilization, carrying out immersion bath for 20 minutes, and then stocking the crabs into a ditch with stocking density of 300 crabs/1000 m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the steps of respectively patrolling for one time in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding the baits once in the morning and afternoon, feeding the baits and supplementing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs.
S9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
In this embodiment, the soil in paddy field is sandy loam soil, and rice ridge crab ditch's main ditch is wide 50 ~ 100cm, and is 70 ~ 80cm deep, encloses when preventing escaping the wall, uses the stake as the pillar earlier, uses iron wire or plastics rope as the skeleton, prevents escaping the membrane fifty percent discount back, and two lower extremes merge and press 0.10 ~ 0.15 meters in the mud, and the upper end frame is on iron wire or plastics rope, and the requirement is prevented escaping the membrane and is tightened, straight, prevents escaping the membrane and be plastic film, and the crab is thrown and is fed 2 times every day, and the rate of raising is 5 ~ 10% daily, and morning 9: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting feeding amount according to eating condition, changing water according to water quality condition after putting crabs into the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of total water amount each time, keeping water depth more than 1 m, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
Example five:
a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 60kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding the crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after thawing ice at the beginning of 4 months, sterilizing pond water with 90kg of quicklime in each pond, putting crabs in each pond after one week, and putting crabs in each pond with the stocking density of 3000 crabs/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: preparing sterilizing liquid medicine for crabs, putting the crabs into a wooden bucket containing the liquid medicine during sterilization, carrying out immersion bath for 20 minutes, and then stocking the crabs into a ditch with stocking density of 400 crabs/1000 m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the steps of respectively patrolling for one time in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding the baits once in the morning and afternoon, feeding the baits and supplementing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs.
S9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
This exampleIn, the soil in paddy field is sandy loam soil, and rice ridge crab ditch's main ditch is wide 50 ~ 100cm, and is 70 ~ 80cm deep, encloses when preventing escaping the wall, uses the stake earlier as the pillar, uses iron wire or plastics rope as the skeleton, prevents escaping the membrane fifty percent discount back, and two lower extremes merge and press 0.10 ~ 0.15 meters in the mud, and the upper end frame is on iron wire or plastics rope, and the requirement is prevented escaping the membrane and is tightened, straight, prevents escaping the membrane and be plastic film, and the crab is thrown and is fed 2 times every day, and the rate of raising is thrown 5 ~ 10% every day, and the morning is 9: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting feeding amount according to eating condition, changing water according to water quality condition after putting crabs into the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of total water amount each time, keeping water depth more than 1 m, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
Example six:
a method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 60kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding the crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after thawing ice at the beginning of 4 months, sterilizing pond water with 90kg of quicklime in each pond, putting crabs in each pond after one week, and putting crabs in each pond with the stocking density of 3000 crabs/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: preparing sterilizing liquid medicine for crabs, putting the crabs into a wooden barrel filled with the liquid medicine during sterilization, carrying out immersion bath for 20 minutes, then stocking the crabs into a ditch,the stocking density is 500 per 1000m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the steps of respectively patrolling for one time in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding the baits once in the morning and afternoon, feeding the baits and supplementing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs.
S9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
In this embodiment, the soil in paddy field is sandy loam soil, and rice ridge crab ditch's main ditch is wide 50 ~ 100cm, and is 70 ~ 80cm deep, encloses when preventing escaping the wall, uses the stake as the pillar earlier, uses iron wire or plastics rope as the skeleton, prevents escaping the membrane fifty percent discount back, and two lower extremes merge and press 0.10 ~ 0.15 meters in the mud, and the upper end frame is on iron wire or plastics rope, and the requirement is prevented escaping the membrane and is tightened, straight, prevents escaping the membrane and be plastic film, and the crab is thrown and is fed 2 times every day, and the rate of raising is 5 ~ 10% daily, and morning 9: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting feeding amount according to eating condition, changing water according to water quality condition after putting crabs into the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of total water amount each time, keeping water depth more than 1 m, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
The third to sixth examples and the comparative example of changing the stocking density of the river crabs in the paddy field are tested, and the test results are as follows:
and (2) test results:
the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting paddy field: selecting 2-10 mu of rice field close to a water source with good water quality at a place with flat terrain;
s2, digging rice ridges and crab ditches: two main ditches are dug at two sides of the rice field, the width of each main ditch is 50-100cm, the depth of each main ditch is 70-80cm, furrows are dug between ridges, the width of each main ditch is smaller than that of each main ditch, and a water inlet and a water outlet are dug at the same time;
s3, fertilizing in the rice field: applying 50-70 kg of manure to each 1 mu of field one week before breeding 6.17 +/-1.09 g of crabs;
s4, setting escape prevention: enclosing an anti-escape wall at a position of 0.3-0.5 m outside the periphery of the rice field;
s5, selecting rice varieties and planting rice on ridges, wherein 1 row of rice is planted on each ridge, and every 12 rows of rice are not planted in a vacant row, namely box-separated rice transplanting is carried out;
s6, temporarily culturing in the enclosed field: after the ice is thawed for 4 months, 80-100 kg of quicklime is used for sterilizing pond water in each pond, and juvenile crabs are put in each pond after one week, wherein the stocking density is 3000-4000 crabs/1000 m2Feeding artificial mixed bait after the crabs enter the pool;
s7, sterilizing and stocking the crabs: preparing a larval crab disinfectant, putting the larval crabs into a wooden bucket filled with the disinfectant during disinfection, carrying out immersion bath for 15-30 minutes, and then stocking the larval crabs into a ditch with stocking density of 200-500 crabs/1000 m2；
S8, daily management and feeding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) respectively patrolling once in the morning and at night, recording the activity condition of the crabs, the damage condition of an escape-proof wall, the depth of field water, the weather change and the growth condition of rice, injecting new water when the water temperature rises, enabling large-sized crabs to enter a field from a crab ditch through the crab ditch after the rice is round, feeding baits in the crab ditch, feeding once in the morning and afternoon, feeding baits and replenishing fertilizers by depending on natural baits in the field when the yield exceeds the yield, and manually weeding in the field in the growth period of river crabs;
s9, crab catching: catching river crabs and then harvesting rice, wherein the catching time of the river crabs is from the middle ten days of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months, when the water depth of the circular ditch is more than 60cm, the catching mode adopts earthworm catching, and when the water depth of the circular ditch is less than 60cm, the river crabs are picked up by hands at night;
s10, harvesting rice: harvesting one season of rice from the first 10 months to the middle and last 10 months.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil in the paddy field is one of sandy loam or clay.
3. The method for breeding crabs in a northern paddy field according to claim 1, wherein the width of a main ditch of a rice ridge crab ditch is 50-100cm, and the depth is 70-80 cm.
4. The method for breeding the crabs in the rice field in the north of claim 1, wherein when enclosing the escape-proof wall, firstly, the wood piles are used as the pillars, the iron wires or the plastic ropes are used as the frameworks, after the escape-proof membrane is folded in half, the two lower ends are combined and pressed into the mud for 0.10-0.15 m, and the upper end is erected on the iron wires or the plastic ropes, so that the escape-proof membrane is required to be tightened and straight.
5. The method for breeding adult crabs in a northern paddy field according to claim 4, wherein the escape-preventing film is one or both of a plastic film and asbestos shingles.
6. The method for breeding adult crabs in paddy fields in the north of China according to claim 1, wherein the juvenile crabs are fed 2 times a day, the daily feeding rate is 5-10%, and the ratio of juvenile crabs to mature crabs is 9: 1/3 for feeding amount on 00 feeding days, 17 pm: 2/3 of feeding amount on 00 feeding days, adjusting the feeding amount according to the eating condition, changing water according to the water quality condition after crabs enter the pool for 3 days, wherein the water changing amount does not exceed 1/2 of the total water amount each time, and keeping the water depth to be more than 1 m.
7. The method for breeding crabs in a northern paddy field according to claim 1, wherein 10g/m of bleaching powder is added320g/m of potassium permanganate30.7g/m copper sulfate3Adding the mixture into 3 to 4 percent of salt solution, and fully dissolving to prepare the larval crab disinfectant.
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