CN106982687A - A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis - Google Patents
A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
Cultural technique field, the new breeding method of more particularly to a kind of rice crab symbiosis are planted the present invention relates to agricultural；Comprise the following steps：Pond transformation, pond treatment, bait culture, juvenile crab cultivation, juvenile crab daily management, Rice Cropping, rice field management, culture of Chinese mitten crab；The present invention forms paddy rice, river crab, purple potato and/or purple perilla and a variety of water plants, the minisize ecological circle of aquatic animal, realize that the mutual supply of nutriment is supported mutually, it is effectively guaranteed the volume increase of paddy rice, river crab, pass through the mutually coordinated and control between the ecosphere, so that by chemical fertilizer in the environment of the rice crab symbiosis of the present invention, the utilization rate of agricultural chemicals is preferably minimized, reduce the pollution to environment, also cause simultaneously plantation paddy rice and river crab safety, without hormone, meet the theory that people pursue pollution-free food.
Description
Technical field
Cultural technique field, the new breeding method of more particularly to a kind of rice crab symbiosis are planted the present invention relates to agricultural.
Background technology
With the continuous innovation of modern agricultural technology, agricultural planting and aquaculture be combined with each other, rationally assembled, and utilize rice
The shallow-water environment in field, while rice cultivation, and aquaculture product, it is the life of the combination by agricultural planting and aquaculture
Production pattern, is to develop eco-agriculture, and improves an important technique measure of rice field comprehensive benefit.Aquatic products, and energy can be obtained
The insect and weeds in rice field are eaten up using the aquatic products of cultivation, is voided excreta, soil is stirred and promotes manure digestion, is paddy rice life
Good condition is created in production；In recent years, due to the stimulation of market economy, the brave exploration of aquaculture scientific worker will
The pond cultivation technology of various aquaculture organisms is transplanted to rice field, and is suitably reformed, so as to be greatly enriched tradition
The intension of the cultivation aquatic theory in rice field, forms the theoretical new frame of modern rice field fish culture that ecosystem zone of fish culture in paddy field is utilized,
Paddy rice cultural technique and the new revolution of aquaculture technology have been driven, rice field aquatic products new culturing technique has been widelyd popularize with extensively and deep
Remote meaning and effect.
River crab scientific name Eriocheir sinensis, the expensive freshwater product of generic name, delicious flavour is nutritious, with very high economic valency
Value, it is rich in vitamin A and riboflavin, promotes grow, lengthen the life, maintaining the health of epithelial cell, enhancing human body is to infectious disease
Resistance, according to《Compendium of Materia Medica》Record：River crab have relaxing muscles and tendons QI invigorating, reason stomach help digestion, degrading the channel, dissipate it is all heat, scattered silt blood the effect of,
Crab meat taste saltiness is trembled with fear, and is had heat-clearing, is changed silt, the work(of enriching yin, can treat traumatic injury, injury of tendon and muscle fracture, allergic dermatitis.Crab shell is forged
Ash, is adjusted with honey, external application can Yellow River harnessing bee sting or other nameless sores or boils, crab meat has preferable curative effect to various cancers；In state
It is inside and outside that there is wide market and prospect, river crab is incorporated into rice field, a kind of new mould of brand-new rice crab cooperation symbiosis is formed
Formula, in practice it has proved that new rice crab Symbiotic Model, for accelerating transformation agricultural development mode, promotes agricultural modernization development, is society
High-quality and safety grain and aquatic products can be provided, overall productivity in agriculture is improved, increase farmers' income, with highly important society
Can meaning.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, there is provided a kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis.
Realized particular by following technical scheme：
A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis, comprises the following steps：
(1) pond is transformed：Pond surrounding away from the 3m of the pond ridge into pond dig circular groove one, 60~80cm of lower bottom width, upper bottom width
110~130cm, 50~80cm of ditch depth, obtain cultivation ditch, and cross ditch or twenty word ditch are excavated in the middle of pond, wherein, in pond
Soil is also containing 20~30% riverway sludge；
(2) pond treatment：In early Febuary, the water in pond is drained, the soil in pond is ploughed deeply, under bright day gas
5~7d is shone, it is secondary to soil progress to plough deeply in the first ten-day period of the March, meanwhile, by 150~200kg/ mus of amount, quick lime is sprinkled into,
Mix thoroughly, place naturally after 7~10d with soil, intake to pool face 9~11cm of the depth of water, by 200~250kg/ mus of amount, application has
Machine fertilizer；
(3) bait culture：Apply fertilizer after 10~15d, in cultivation ditch water surface planting aquatic plants, fixed with bamboo bar polyethylene rope
Become band, then the aquatic animal naturally fished for is delivered by 5~30kg/ mus of amount；
(4) juvenile crab is cultivated：Temporarily supported with natural water body crab case, temporarily foster case is bamboo and wood or steelframe plastic net-board structure, long 2
~3m, wide 1.5~2.5m, high 1~1.4m, plastic lining window screening adjust the crab case depth of water, by 15~25kg/ with rope and pulley
Juvenile crab is put into temporarily foster case by the standard of cubic meter, and the dispensing of special feed is periodically carried out to juvenile crab；
(5) juvenile crab daily management：Water should be stirred 2 times in temporary case surrounding of supporting daily, to promote water body inside and outside case to exchange, every 3~
Temporary case of supporting is lifted away from water body inspection once by 4d, and casing is scrubbed with clear water, residual bait is removed, and such as finds sick crab, spike crab, timely to take out
Processing；
(6) Rice Cropping：In early and middle ten dayses in May, the reed of the leaf age of sturdy cane, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, 3 leaves~4 is chosen
Reed rice sprouts, is manually transplanted to bottom of pond flat place, and seeding row spacing is 0.5~0.6m × 0.5~0.6m, day font or matrix pattern kind
Plant, per 1~3 plant of cave, planted area is the 50% of the pond water surface, by water level regulation to 8~10cm；
(7) rice field is managed：In 5d after Rice Cropping, regulation pool face water level is 8~12cm, afterwards, according to water
The plant height and breeding production of rice need, and step up water level, water level is defined not flood lobus cardiacus, and carrying out pest and disease damage to paddy rice prevents
Control；
(8) culture of Chinese mitten crab：In mid-June, physique healthy and strong is selected, activity can stand strong, and the foot of two chela eight is complete, and no wound is disease-free
Juvenile crab is delivered, and is delivered by 1.8~2kg/ mus of amount, periodically delivers river crab special feed.
Further, the new breeding method of described rice crab symbiosis, pond surrounding and inlet/outlet are provided with anti-escape
Net, in pond overhead every 0.8~1m, longitudinally and/or laterally draws a nylon wire.
Further, the new breeding method of described rice crab symbiosis, plants purple perilla and/or purple potato on the Chi Geng in pond.
Further, described organic fertilizer, is by 0.6~0.9 by chicken manure, earthworm powder, gasket materials, composite fertilizer：0.1~
0.3：0.2~0.3：0.4~0.6 mass ratio mixing, is crushed, at 55~65 DEG C, and relative humidity is in the environment of 35~45%,
Ferment more than 15d, during which, and the pH value of regulation fermentation body is 5.5~6.
Further, described water plant, including waterweed, water caltrop, hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, duckweed, water lettuce, water
Peanut.
Further, described aquatic animal, including spiral shell, wheel animalcule, freshwater mussel, water earthworm.
Further, described special feed, is made up of following raw material by weight：Fish meal 10~20, blood meal 8~
20th, soya bean 2~8, cottonseed cake 12~18, wheat flour 12~18, vinasse 3~12, tea grounds 3~10, purple potato 12~18, apple peel powder
10~20, pineapple peels and chips meal 10~20, multidimensional 0.8~2.5, many ore deposits 1.1~1.8, salt 1~5.
Further, described juvenile crab is cultivated, when the water temperature of wherein juvenile crab existence is more than 10 DEG C, the throwing of special feed
High-volume be juvenile crab gross mass 5~7%, water temperature be 5~10 DEG C when, special feed injected volume for juvenile crab gross mass 3~
5%.
Further, described special feed, the different times grown in river crab, the content of its crude protein is as follows：River crab
Crude protein content in shell, special feed is 35~36%；Crude protein content in second of shell, special feed is
32~33%；Crude protein content in third time shell, special feed is 30%；Thick egg in 4th shell, special feed
Bai Hanliang is 40%, and crude fat content is more than 5%.
Further, the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, is after the 5d of Rice Cropping, by oldenlandia diffusa, desmodium, chicken bone
The mass mixing such as grass and stone-like omphalia, adds water to cook 40~50min, filters, and dilutes, and bottling is sprayed to rice terrace.
In summary, volume beneficial effect of the invention is：The present invention formed paddy rice, river crab, purple potato and/or purple perilla and
A variety of water plants, the minisize ecological circle of aquatic animal, realize that the mutual supply of nutriment is supported mutually, by changing to pond
Make, pond treatment, bait culture, juvenile crab cultivation, juvenile crab daily management, Rice Cropping, rice field management, culture of Chinese mitten crab one be
The scientific and reasonable step of row, is effectively guaranteed the volume increase of paddy rice, river crab, by the mutually coordinated and control between the ecosphere,
So that chemical fertilizer, the utilization rate of agricultural chemicals is preferably minimized in the environment of the rice crab symbiosis of the present invention, reduce the pollution to environment, together
When also cause plantation paddy rice and river crab safety, without hormone, meet the theory that people pursue pollution-free food.
Wherein, by the transformation to pond, rice crab symbiosis large-scale production is realized, self-sufficient, mutual branch is formd
The minisize ecological circle of support, reduces the use of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, it is ensured that the river crab of the paddy rice of plantation and cultivation out it is edible
Security.
A certain amount of riverway sludge is with the addition of in pond, by the microorganism in mud and abundant nutrition, effectively
Promote the growth of paddy rice and river crab, meanwhile, the soil in pond is subjected to illumination, the operation of quick lime is sprayed, effectively killed
The worm's ovum of soil and germ, it is ensured that the Environmental security of rice root and river crab, improve survival rate, pass through decomposed manure
Addition, add the nutrition of water body, be effectively guaranteed the growth of paddy rice and river crab, to realize that the volume increase of paddy rice and river crab is carried
Supply to ensure, carried out the culture of bait for river crab in water body, on the one hand the nutrition of abundance can be provided for river crab, promote it to give birth to
Long, on the other hand its excrement can also provide the nutrition of abundance for paddy rice, while can also play improves the purpose of water quality；By to crab
The cultivation of seedling, can effectively improve stress ability of the river crab to environment, and to the adaptability of environment, improve resistance, throw
After being put into pond, environment can be faster adapted to, the rate of falling ill of river crab is reduced, effectively increases the survival rate of river crab.
By the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control to paddy rice and water body, it can effectively kill the pathogen on paddy rice surface, it is to avoid in water body
The growth of pathogen, meanwhile, the infringement of bacterium, virus to juvenile river crab can be reduced, the survival rate of river crab can be effectively improved, together
When, the preparation of use is formed using traditional Chinese medicine, and not only effect is obvious, and pollution-free to paddy rice, water body, beneficial in Chinese medicine
Composition can also promote the growth of river crab, build up health；
When delivering feed for river crab, according to the physiological conditions and nutritional need situation in river crab different shelling period, regulation
Crude protein and fat content in feed, effectively meet the growth demand of river crab, improve the survival rate of river crab, realize river
The increase of crab substance, improves the economic benefit of raiser.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited in these realities
Mode is applied, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit still falls within the claims in the present invention claimed
Scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis, comprises the following steps：
(1) pond is transformed：Pond surrounding away from the 3m of the pond ridge into pond dig circular groove one, lower bottom width 60cm, upper bottom width
110cm, ditch depth 50cm, obtain cultivation ditch, and cross ditch or twenty word ditch are excavated in the middle of pond, wherein, the soil in pond also contains
There is 20% riverway sludge, surrounding and inlet/outlet are provided with anti-escape network in pond, in pond overhead every 0.8m, indulge
To and/or laterally draw a nylon wire；
(2) pond treatment：In early Febuary, the water in pond is drained, the soil in pond is ploughed deeply, under bright day gas
5~7d is shone, it is secondary to soil progress to plough deeply in the first ten-day period of the March, meanwhile, by 150kg/ mus of amount, quick lime is sprinkled into, with soil
Mix thoroughly, place naturally after 7~10d, water inlet to pool face depth of water 9cm, by 200kg/ mus of amount, applies organic fertilizer；
Wherein, described organic fertilizer, is by 0.6 by chicken manure, earthworm powder, gasket materials, composite fertilizer：0.1：0.2：0.4
Mass ratio is mixed, and is crushed, at 55 DEG C, and relative humidity is that in the environment of 35%, ferment more than 15d, during which, adjusts fermentation body
PH value be 5.5；
(3) bait culture：Apply fertilizer after 10~15d, in cultivation ditch water surface planting aquatic plants, fixed with bamboo bar polyethylene rope
Become band, then the aquatic animal naturally fished for is delivered by 5kg/ mus of amount；
(4) juvenile crab is cultivated：Temporarily supported with natural water body crab case, temporarily foster case is bamboo and wood or steelframe plastic net-board structure, long 2
~3m, wide 1.5~2.5m, high 1~1.4m, plastic lining window screening adjust the crab case depth of water, by 15kg/ cubes with rope and pulley
Juvenile crab is put into temporarily foster case by the standard of rice, and the dispensing of special feed is periodically carried out to juvenile crab, when the water temperature that juvenile crab survives is
At more than 10 DEG C, the injected volume of special feed is the 5% of juvenile crab gross mass, and when water temperature is 5 DEG C, special feed injected volume is
The 3% of juvenile crab gross mass；
Wherein, described special feed, is made up of following raw material by weight：Fish meal 10kg, blood meal 8kg, soya bean
2kg, cottonseed cake 12kg, wheat flour 12kg, vinasse 3kg, tea grounds 3kg, purple potato 12kg, apple peel powder 10kg, pineapple peels and chips meal 10kg,
Multidimensional 0.8kg, many ore deposit 1.1kg, salt 1kg；
(5) juvenile crab daily management：Water should be stirred 2 times in temporary case surrounding of supporting daily, to promote water body inside and outside case to exchange, every 3~
Temporary case of supporting is lifted away from water body inspection once by 4d, and casing is scrubbed with clear water, residual bait is removed, and such as finds sick crab, spike crab, timely to take out
Processing；
(6) Rice Cropping：In early and middle ten dayses in May, the reed of the leaf age of sturdy cane, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, 3 leaves~4 is chosen
Reed rice sprouts, is manually transplanted to bottom of pond flat place, and seeding row spacing is 0.5m × 0.5m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, per cave 1~3
Strain, planted area is the 50% of the pond water surface, by water level regulation to 8cm；
(7) rice field is managed：In 5d after Rice Cropping, regulation pool face water level is 8cm, afterwards, according to paddy rice
Plant height and breeding production need, and step up water level, water level is defined not flood lobus cardiacus, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control to paddy rice, are
After the 5d of Rice Cropping, by mass mixings such as oldenlandia diffusa, desmodium, Canton love-pea vine and stone-like omphalias, 40min is added water to cook,
Filtering, is diluted, and bottling is sprayed to rice terrace；
(8) culture of Chinese mitten crab：In mid-June, physique healthy and strong is selected, activity can stand strong, and the foot of two chela eight is complete, and no wound is disease-free
Juvenile crab is delivered, and is delivered by 1.8kg/ mus of amount, periodically delivers river crab special feed；
The different times grown in river crab, the content of its crude protein is as follows：It is thick in river crab first time shell, special feed
Protein content is 35%；Crude protein content in second of shell, special feed is 32%；In third time shell, special feed
Crude protein content be 30%；Crude protein content in 4th shell, special feed is 40%, crude fat content 5% with
On.
Embodiment 2
A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis, comprises the following steps：
(1) pond is transformed：Pond surrounding away from the 3m of the pond ridge into pond dig circular groove one, lower bottom width 80cm, upper bottom width
130cm, ditch depth 80cm, obtain cultivation ditch, and cross ditch or twenty word ditch are excavated in the middle of pond, wherein, the soil in pond also contains
There is 30% riverway sludge, surrounding and inlet/outlet are provided with anti-escape network in pond, in pond overhead every 1m, longitudinal direction
And/or laterally draw a nylon wire；
(2) pond treatment：In early Febuary, the water in pond is drained, the soil in pond is ploughed deeply, under bright day gas
7d is shone, it is secondary to soil progress to plough deeply in the first ten-day period of the March, meanwhile, by 200kg/ mus of amount, quick lime is sprinkled into, mixed with soil
It is even, place naturally after 7~10d, water inlet to pool face depth of water 11cm, by 250kg/ mus of amount, apply organic fertilizer；
Wherein, described organic fertilizer, is by 0.9: 0.3 by chicken manure, earthworm powder, gasket materials, composite fertilizer：0.3: 0.6
Mass ratio is mixed, and is crushed, at 65 DEG C, and relative humidity is that in the environment of 45%, ferment more than 15d, during which, adjusts fermentation body
PH value be 6；
(3) bait culture：Apply fertilizer after 10~15d, in cultivation ditch water surface planting aquatic plants, fixed with bamboo bar polyethylene rope
Become band, then the aquatic animal naturally fished for is delivered by 30kg/ mus of amount；
(4) juvenile crab is cultivated：Temporarily supported with natural water body crab case, temporarily foster case is bamboo and wood or steelframe plastic net-board structure, long 2
~3m, wide 1.5~2.5m, high 1~1.4m, plastic lining window screening adjust the crab case depth of water, by 25kg/ cubes with rope and pulley
Juvenile crab is put into temporarily foster case by the standard of rice, and the dispensing of special feed is periodically carried out to juvenile crab, when the water temperature that juvenile crab survives is
At more than 10 DEG C, the injected volume of special feed is the 7% of juvenile crab gross mass, when water temperature is 10 DEG C, special feed injected volume
For the 5% of juvenile crab gross mass；
Wherein, described special feed, is made up of following raw material by weight：Fish meal 20kg, blood meal 20kg, soya bean
8kg, cottonseed cake 18kg, wheat flour 18kg, vinasse 12kg, tea grounds 10kg, purple potato 18kg, apple peel powder 20kg, pineapple peels and chips meal
20kg, multidimensional 2.5kg, many ore deposit 1.8kg, salt 5kg；
(5) juvenile crab daily management：Water should be stirred 2 times in temporary case surrounding of supporting daily, to promote water body inside and outside case to exchange, every 3~
Temporary case of supporting is lifted away from water body inspection once by 4d, and casing is scrubbed with clear water, residual bait is removed, and such as finds sick crab, spike crab, timely to take out
Processing；
(6) Rice Cropping：In early and middle ten dayses in May, the reed of the leaf age of sturdy cane, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, 3 leaves~4 is chosen
Reed rice sprouts, is manually transplanted to bottom of pond flat place, and seeding row spacing is 0.6m × 0.6m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, per cave 1~3
Strain, planted area is the 50% of the pond water surface, by water level regulation to 10cm；
(7) rice field is managed：In 5d after Rice Cropping, regulation pool face water level is 12cm, afterwards, according to paddy rice
Plant height and breeding production need, and step up water level, water level is defined not flood lobus cardiacus, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control to paddy rice, are
After the 5d of Rice Cropping, by mass mixings such as oldenlandia diffusa, desmodium, Canton love-pea vine and stone-like omphalias, 50min is added water to cook,
Filtering, is diluted, and bottling is sprayed to rice terrace；
(8) culture of Chinese mitten crab：In mid-June, physique healthy and strong is selected, activity can stand strong, and the foot of two chela eight is complete, and no wound is disease-free
Juvenile crab is delivered, and is delivered by 2kg/ mus of amount, periodically delivers river crab special feed；
The different times grown in river crab, the content of its crude protein is as follows：It is thick in river crab first time shell, special feed
Protein content is 36%；Crude protein content in second of shell, special feed is 33%；In third time shell, special feed
Crude protein content be 30%；Crude protein content in 4th shell, special feed is 40%, crude fat content 5% with
On.
Embodiment 3
A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis, comprises the following steps：
(1) pond is transformed：Pond surrounding away from the 3m of the pond ridge into pond dig circular groove one, lower bottom width 70cm, upper bottom width
120cm, ditch depth 70cm, obtain cultivation ditch, and cross ditch or twenty word ditch are excavated in the middle of pond, wherein, the soil in pond also contains
There is 25% riverway sludge, surrounding and inlet/outlet are provided with anti-escape network in pond, in pond overhead every 0.9m, indulge
To and/or laterally draw a nylon wire；
(2) pond treatment：In early Febuary, the water in pond is drained, the soil in pond is ploughed deeply, under bright day gas
5~7d is shone, it is secondary to soil progress to plough deeply in the first ten-day period of the March, meanwhile, by 180kg/ mus of amount, quick lime is sprinkled into, with soil
Mix thoroughly, place naturally after 7~10d, water inlet to pool face depth of water 10cm, by 230kg/ mus of amount, applies organic fertilizer；
Wherein, described organic fertilizer, is by 0.7 by chicken manure, earthworm powder, gasket materials, composite fertilizer：0.2：0.25：0.5
Mass ratio is mixed, and is crushed, at 60 DEG C, and relative humidity is that in the environment of 40%, ferment more than 15d, during which, adjusts fermentation body
PH value be 6；
(3) bait culture：Apply fertilizer after 10~15d, in cultivation ditch water surface planting aquatic plants, fixed with bamboo bar polyethylene rope
Become band, then the aquatic animal naturally fished for is delivered by 18kg/ mus of amount；
(4) juvenile crab is cultivated：Temporarily supported with natural water body crab case, temporarily foster case is bamboo and wood or steelframe plastic net-board structure, long 2
~3m, wide 1.5~2.5m, high 1~1.4m, plastic lining window screening adjust the crab case depth of water, by 20kg/ cubes with rope and pulley
Juvenile crab is put into temporarily foster case by the standard of rice, and the dispensing of special feed is periodically carried out to juvenile crab, when the water temperature that juvenile crab survives is
At more than 10 DEG C, the injected volume of special feed is the 6% of juvenile crab gross mass, and when water temperature is 8 DEG C, special feed injected volume is
The 4% of juvenile crab gross mass；
Wherein, described special feed, is made up of following raw material by weight：Fish meal 15kg, blood meal 13kg, soya bean
6kg, cottonseed cake 15kg, wheat flour 15kg, vinasse 8kg, tea grounds 7kg, purple potato 15kg, apple peel powder 15kg, pineapple peels and chips meal 15kg,
Multidimensional 1.3kg, many ore deposit 1.5kg, salt 3kg；
(5) juvenile crab daily management：Water should be stirred 2 times in temporary case surrounding of supporting daily, to promote water body inside and outside case to exchange, every 3~
Temporary case of supporting is lifted away from water body inspection once by 4d, and casing is scrubbed with clear water, residual bait is removed, and such as finds sick crab, spike crab, timely to take out
Processing；
(6) Rice Cropping：In early and middle ten dayses in May, the reed of the leaf age of sturdy cane, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, 3 leaves~4 is chosen
Reed rice sprouts, is manually transplanted to bottom of pond flat place, and seeding row spacing is 0.55m × 0.55m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, per cave 1~
3 plants, planted area is the 50% of the pond water surface, by water level regulation to 9cm；
(7) rice field is managed：In 5d after Rice Cropping, regulation pool face water level is 10em, afterwards, according to paddy rice
Plant height and breeding production need, and step up water level, water level is defined not flood lobus cardiacus, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control to paddy rice, are
After the 5d of Rice Cropping, by mass mixings such as oldenlandia diffusa, desmodium, Canton love-pea vine and stone-like omphalias, 45min is added water to cook,
Filtering, is diluted, and bottling is sprayed to rice terrace；
(8) culture of Chinese mitten crab：In mid-June, physique healthy and strong is selected, activity can stand strong, and the foot of two chela eight is complete, and no wound is disease-free
Juvenile crab is delivered, and is delivered by 1.9kg/ mus of amount, periodically delivers river crab special feed；
The different times grown in river crab, the content of its crude protein is as follows：It is thick in river crab first time shell, special feed
Protein content is 35.5%；Crude protein content in second of shell, special feed is 32.5%；Third time shell, special feeding
Crude protein content in material is 30%；Crude protein content in 4th shell, special feed is 40%, and crude fat content exists
More than 5%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis, comprises the following steps：
(1) pond is transformed：Pond surrounding away from the 3m of the pond ridge into pond dig circular groove one, lower bottom width 60cm, upper bottom width
110cm, ditch depth 80cm, obtain cultivation ditch, and cross ditch or twenty word ditch are excavated in the middle of pond, wherein, the soil in pond also contains
There is 30% riverway sludge, surrounding and inlet/outlet are provided with anti-escape network in pond, in pond overhead every 0.8m, indulge
To and/or laterally draw a nylon wire；
(2) pond treatment：In early Febuary, the water in pond is drained, the soil in pond is ploughed deeply, under bright day gas
5~7d is shone, it is secondary to soil progress to plough deeply in the first ten-day period of the March, meanwhile, by 150kg/ mus of amount, quick lime is sprinkled into, with soil
Mix thoroughly, place naturally after 7~10d, water inlet to pool face depth of water 11cm, by 200kg/ mus of amount, applies organic fertilizer；
Wherein, described organic fertilizer, is by 0.6: 0.3 by chicken manure, earthworm powder, gasket materials, composite fertilizer：0.2：0.6
Mass ratio is mixed, and is crushed, at 55 DEG C, and relative humidity is that in the environment of 45%, ferment more than 15d, during which, adjusts fermentation body
PH value be 5.5；
(3) bait culture：Apply fertilizer after 10~15d, in cultivation ditch water surface planting aquatic plants, fixed with bamboo bar polyethylene rope
Become band, then the aquatic animal naturally fished for is delivered by 5kg/ mus of amount；
(4) juvenile crab is cultivated：Temporarily supported with natural water body crab case, temporarily foster case is bamboo and wood or steelframe plastic net-board structure, long 2
~3m, wide 1.5~2.5m, high 1~1.4m, plastic lining window screening adjust the crab case depth of water, by 25kg/ cubes with rope and pulley
Juvenile crab is put into temporarily foster case by the standard of rice, and the dispensing of special feed is periodically carried out to juvenile crab, when the water temperature that juvenile crab survives is
At more than 10 DEG C, the injected volume of special feed is the 7% of juvenile crab gross mass, and when water temperature is 5 DEG C, special feed injected volume is
The 3% of juvenile crab gross mass；
Wherein, described special feed, is made up of following raw material by weight：Fish meal 10kg, blood meal 8kg, soya bean
8kg, cottonseed cake 18kg, wheat flour 18kg, vinasse 3kg, tea grounds 10kg, purple potato 12kg, apple peel powder 20kg, pineapple peels and chips meal
10kg, multidimensional 2.5kg, many ore deposit 1.8kg, salt 3kg；
(5) juvenile crab daily management：Water should be stirred 2 times in temporary case surrounding of supporting daily, to promote water body inside and outside case to exchange, every 3~
Temporary case of supporting is lifted away from water body inspection once by 4d, and casing is scrubbed with clear water, residual bait is removed, and such as finds sick crab, spike crab, timely to take out
Processing；
(6) Rice Cropping：In early and middle ten dayses in May, the reed of the leaf age of sturdy cane, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, 3 leaves~4 is chosen
Reed rice sprouts, is manually transplanted to bottom of pond flat place, and seeding row spacing is 0.5m × 0.6m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, per cave 1~3
Strain, planted area is the 50% of the pond water surface, by water level regulation to 10cm；
(7) rice field is managed：In 5d after Rice Cropping, regulation pool face water level is 8~12cm, afterwards, according to water
The plant height and breeding production of rice need, and step up water level, water level is defined not flood lobus cardiacus, and carrying out pest and disease damage to paddy rice prevents
Control, be that after the 5d of Rice Cropping, the mass mixings such as oldenlandia diffusa, desmodium, Canton love-pea vine and stone-like omphalia are added water to cook
40min, is filtered, and is diluted, and bottling is sprayed to rice terrace；
(8) culture of Chinese mitten crab：In mid-June, physique healthy and strong is selected, activity can stand strong, and the foot of two chela eight is complete, and no wound is disease-free
Juvenile crab is delivered, and is delivered by 2kg/ mus of amount, periodically delivers river crab special feed；
The different times grown in river crab, the content of its crude protein is as follows：It is thick in river crab first time shell, special feed
Protein content is 35%；Crude protein content in second of shell, special feed is 33%；In third time shell, special feed
Crude protein content be 30%；Crude protein content in 4th shell, special feed is 40%, crude fat content 5% with
On.
Embodiment 5
A kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis, comprises the following steps：
(1) pond is transformed：Pond surrounding away from the 3m of the pond ridge into pond dig circular groove one, lower bottom width 60cm, upper bottom width
110cm, ditch depth 50cm, obtain cultivation ditch, and cross ditch or twenty word ditch are excavated in the middle of pond, wherein, the soil in pond also contains
There is 30% riverway sludge, surrounding and inlet/outlet are provided with anti-escape network in pond, in pond overhead every 0.8m, indulge
To and/or laterally draw a nylon wire；
(2) pond treatment：In early Febuary, the water in pond is drained, the soil in pond is ploughed deeply, under bright day gas
5~7d is shone, it is secondary to soil progress to plough deeply in the first ten-day period of the March, meanwhile, by 150kg/ mus of amount, quick lime is sprinkled into, with soil
Mix thoroughly, place naturally after 7~10d, water inlet to pool face depth of water 9cm, by 250kg/ mus of amount, applies organic fertilizer；
Wherein, described organic fertilizer, is by 0.6 by chicken manure, earthworm powder, gasket materials, composite fertilizer：0.2：0.3：0.4
Mass ratio is mixed, and is crushed, at 65 DEG C, and relative humidity is that in the environment of 35%, ferment more than 15d, during which, adjusts fermentation body
PH value be 5.5；
(3) bait culture：Apply fertilizer after 10~15d, in cultivation ditch water surface planting aquatic plants, fixed with bamboo bar polyethylene rope
Become band, then the aquatic animal naturally fished for is delivered by 30kg/ mus of amount；
(4) juvenile crab is cultivated：Temporarily supported with natural water body crab case, temporarily foster case is bamboo and wood or steelframe plastic net-board structure, long 2
~3m, wide 1.5~2.5m, high 1~1.4m, plastic lining window screening adjust the crab case depth of water, by 25kg/ cubes with rope and pulley
Juvenile crab is put into temporarily foster case by the standard of rice, and the dispensing of special feed is periodically carried out to juvenile crab, when the water temperature that juvenile crab survives is
At more than 10 DEG C, the injected volume of special feed is the 5% of juvenile crab gross mass, when water temperature is 10 DEG C, special feed injected volume
For the 5% of juvenile crab gross mass；
Wherein, described special feed, is made up of following raw material by weight：Fish meal 10kg, blood meal 20kg, soya bean
8kg, cottonseed cake 18kg, wheat flour 18kg, vinasse 12kg, tea grounds 10kg, purple potato 12kg, apple peel powder 20kg, pineapple peels and chips meal
10kg, multidimensional 2.5kg, many ore deposit 1.1kg, salt 1kg；
(5) juvenile crab daily management：Water should be stirred 2 times in temporary case surrounding of supporting daily, to promote water body inside and outside case to exchange, every 3~
Temporary case of supporting is lifted away from water body inspection once by 4d, and casing is scrubbed with clear water, residual bait is removed, and such as finds sick crab, spike crab, timely to take out
Processing；
(6) Rice Cropping：In early and middle ten dayses in May, the reed of the leaf age of sturdy cane, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, 3 leaves~4 is chosen
Reed rice sprouts, is manually transplanted to bottom of pond flat place, and seeding row spacing is 0.6m × 0.5m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, per cave 1~3
Strain, planted area is the 50% of the pond water surface, by water level regulation to 10cm；
(7) rice field is managed：In 5d after Rice Cropping, regulation pool face water level is 8cm, afterwards, according to paddy rice
Plant height and breeding production need, and step up water level, water level is defined not flood lobus cardiacus, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control to paddy rice, are
After the 5d of Rice Cropping, by mass mixings such as oldenlandia diffusa, desmodium, Canton love-pea vine and stone-like omphalias, 40min is added water to cook,
Filtering, is diluted, and bottling is sprayed to rice terrace；
(8) culture of Chinese mitten crab：In mid-June, physique healthy and strong is selected, activity can stand strong, and the foot of two chela eight is complete, and no wound is disease-free
Juvenile crab is delivered, and is delivered by 1.8kg/ mus of amount, periodically delivers river crab special feed；
The different times grown in river crab, the content of its crude protein is as follows：It is thick in river crab first time shell, special feed
Protein content is 36%；Crude protein content in second of shell, special feed is 32%；In third time shell, special feed
Crude protein content be 30%；Crude protein content in 4th shell, special feed is 40%, crude fat content 5% with
On.
Embodiment 6
The plantation of paddy rice is carried out with reference to the implantation methods of embodiment 1, difference is that the present embodiment is not delivered river crab and entered
Row cultivation.
Embodiment 7
With reference to the breeding method of embodiment 1, difference is, the step of juvenile crab in removal step (4) is cultivated, by city
The juvenile crab sold directly is cultivated in pond.
Embodiment 8
With reference to the breeding method of embodiment 1, difference is, when the growth period of river crab delivers feed, not by this
The content requirement of the crude protein of the different times of invention is delivered.
Experimental example
1st, randomly select that 2 mu of soil attributes are identical, fertile soil, test group using the present invention new breeding method,
Control group using crab farming in traditional rice field method, respectively the breeding situation to two groups be compared, as a result such as the institute of table 1
Show：
Table 1
Explanation：The paddy planted using breeding new technology in rice field of the present invention increases 54.8kg/ mus, average grain than control rice field
Number/fringe relative comparison group increases by 14.
2nd, randomly select that 6 mu of soil attributes are identical, fertile soil, respectively by first five mu according to the present embodiment 1~5
Method is transformed, breeding, and last mu as a control group, is carried out, respectively to 6 mu according to the method for traditional paddy rice crab farming
River crab, the situation of paddy rice are counted, wherein, juvenile crab is delivered by 1.8kg/ mus of amount, as a result as shown in table 2：
Table 2
3rd, by taking embodiment 1, embodiment 6~8 as an example, randomly select that 4 mu of soil attributes are identical, fertile soil, press respectively
Operated, situation therein is counted according to embodiment 1, embodiment 6~8 respectively, wherein, juvenile crab presses 1.8kg/ mus of amount
Delivered, as a result respectively as shown in table 3, table 4, table 5：
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
Claims (10)
1. a kind of new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) pond is transformed：Pond surrounding away from the 3m of the pond ridge into pond dig circular groove one, 60~80cm of lower bottom width, upper bottom width 110~
130cm, 50~80cm of ditch depth, obtain cultivation ditch, and cross ditch or twenty word ditch are excavated in the middle of pond, wherein, the soil in pond
Also containing 20~30% riverway sludge；
(2) pond treatment：In early Febuary, the water in pond is drained, the soil in pond is ploughed deeply, under bright day gas shine 5~
7d, it is secondary to soil progress to plough deeply in the first ten-day period of the March, meanwhile, by 150~200kg/ mus of amount, quick lime is sprinkled into, with soil
Mix thoroughly, place naturally after 7~10d, water inlet to pool face 9~11cm of the depth of water, by 200~250kg/ mus of amount, applies organic fertilizer；
(3) bait culture：Apply fertilizer after 10~15d, in cultivation ditch water surface planting aquatic plants, band is fixed into bamboo bar polyethylene rope
Shape, then deliver the aquatic animal naturally fished for by 5~30kg/ mus of amount；
(4) juvenile crab is cultivated：Temporarily supported with natural water body crab case, temporarily support case for bamboo and wood or steelframe plastic net-board structure, long by 2~
3m, wide 1.5~2.5m, high 1~1.4m, plastic lining window screening adjust the crab case depth of water with rope and pulley, vertical by 15~25kg/
Juvenile crab is put into temporarily foster case by the standard of square rice, and the dispensing of special feed is periodically carried out to juvenile crab；
(5) juvenile crab daily management：Water should be stirred 2 times in temporary case surrounding of supporting daily, to promote water body inside and outside case to exchange, every 3~4d will
Temporarily foster case is lifted away from water body and checked once, and casing is scrubbed with clear water, removes residual bait, such as finds at sick crab, spike crab, timely taking-up
Reason；
(6) Rice Cropping：In early and middle ten dayses in May, the reed rice of the leaf age of sturdy cane, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, 3 leaves~4 is chosen
Rice shoot, is manually transplanted to bottom of pond flat place, and seeding row spacing is 0.5~0.6m × 0.5~0.6m, day font or matrix pattern plantation, often
1~3 plant of cave, planted area is the 50% of the pond water surface, by water level regulation to 8~10cm；
(7) rice field is managed：In 5d after Rice Cropping, regulation pool face water level is 8~12cm, afterwards, according to paddy rice
Plant height and breeding production are needed, and step up water level, water level is defined not flood lobus cardiacus, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to paddy rice；
(8) culture of Chinese mitten crab：In mid-June, physique healthy and strong is selected, activity can stand strong, and the foot of two chela eight is complete, the juvenile crab that no wound is disease-free
Delivered, delivered by 1.8~2kg/ mus of amount, periodically deliver river crab special feed.
2. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that pond surrounding and inlet/outlet
Mouth is provided with anti-escape network, in pond overhead every 0.8~1m, longitudinally and/or laterally draws a nylon wire.
3. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that plant purple on the Chi Geng in pond
Soviet Union and/or purple potato.
4. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described organic fertilizer, is by chicken
Excrement, earthworm powder, gasket materials, composite fertilizer are mixed by 0.6~0.9: 0.1~0.3: 0.2~0.3: 0.4~0.6 mass ratio, powder
Broken, at 55~65 DEG C, relative humidity is that in the environment of 35~45%, ferment more than 15d, during which, adjusts the PH of fermentation body
It is worth for 5.5~6.
5. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described water plant, including
Waterweed, water caltrop, hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, duckweed, water lettuce, water peanut.
6. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described aquatic animal, including
Spiral shell, wheel animalcule, freshwater mussel, water earthworm.
7. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described special feed, by with
Under by weight raw material composition：Fish meal 10~20, blood meal 8~20, soya bean 2~8, cottonseed cake 12~18, wheat flour 12~
18th, vinasse 3~12, tea grounds 3~10, purple potato 12~18, apple peel powder 10~20, pineapple peels and chips meal 10~20, multidimensional 0.8~2.5,
Many ore deposits 1.1~1.8, salt 1~5.
8. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described juvenile crab is cultivated, wherein
When the water temperature of juvenile crab existence is more than 10 DEG C, the injected volume of special feed is the 5~7% of juvenile crab gross mass, water temperature
For 5~10 DEG C when, special feed injected volume be juvenile crab gross mass 3~5%.
9. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described special feed, in river
The different times of crab growth, the content of its crude protein is as follows：Crude protein content in river crab first time shell, special feed is 35
~36%；Crude protein content in second of shell, special feed is 32~33%；It is thick in third time shell, special feed
Protein content is 30%；Crude protein content in 4th shell, special feed is 40%, and crude fat content is more than 5%.
10. the new breeding method of rice crab symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, is
After the 5d of Rice Cropping, by mass mixings such as oldenlandia diffusa, desmodium, Canton love-pea vine and stone-like omphalias, add water to cook 40~
50min, is filtered, and is diluted, and bottling is sprayed to rice terrace.
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| CN109258540A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-25 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | A kind of artificial reef material and its method for preparing fish shelter |
| CN110537465A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-06 | 湖南农业大学 | three-dimensional comprehensive planting and breeding method for rice field |
| CN110896798A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Three-dimensional comprehensive planting and breeding method |
| CN110972851A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for breeding adult crabs in northern paddy field |
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