CN106717867A - A kind of organic water shield and the method for grass carp symbiosis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of organic water shield and the method for grass carp symbiosis, comprise the following steps：Seedling is selected to be colonized；Field management is put in a suitable place to breed with organic grass carp；Harvesting.Comprehensive three-dimensionally to make use of waters, water shield plantation absorbs decomposes grass carp excreta, for water shield provides nutrient；The pond depth of water and water shield plantation spacing have suitable ratio, ensure that fry health, and pond waters circulation is abundant, and environmental protection, ecological, cyclic utilization rate and cycle efficieny purpose high are reached with this；According to the growth characteristic of grass carp, with reference to prior art, using medicinal herb componentses feeding grass carp, the speed of growth of grass carp can be promoted, meet its demand to protein；Green grass feeds fish, meets the habit of grass carp, and containing the multivitamin required for grass carp healthy growth in green grass, on the premise of the Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus phase is not changed, the profile and interior quality of grass carp are significantly improved, while saving bait usage amount.

Description

A kind of organic water shield and the method for grass carp symbiosis

Technical field

The invention belongs to agriculture field, and in particular to a kind of beneficial to Agricultural Three-dimensional exploitation, with environmental protection, ecological, circulation profit With the method for organic water shield and grass carp symbiosis of feature.

Background technology

Water shield is edible with tender stem and tender leaf, there is nutritive value very high, and a kind of mucus is secreted at its back side, contains in mucus Rich in protein, fat, pentosan, gallic acid etc..With the improvement of people ' s living standards with the enhancing of health perception, Its attention for being increasingly subject to people.The sweet cool, heat-clearing of water shield nature and flavor, diuresis, detumescence, removing toxic substances, can treat hot dysentery, yellow subcutaneous ulcer, carbuncle swells, treatment The diseases such as sore.Water shield also known as membranaceous marshmarigold herb, lake dish, water certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, dew certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, are a kind of aquatic edible wild herbs of Precious, Rare, Endangered, originate in China southeast ground Area, is first-grade state protection plant, to its biological characteristics and the existing a small amount of report of general nutrient components research.According to Compendium of Materia Medica Record, water shield also have hot numbness of quenching one's thirst, control hot subcutaneous ulcer, thickness stomach, An Xiajiao, the effects such as hundred medicines of solution of relieving oedema or abdominal distension through diuresis or purgation are malicious.Domestic plantation at present , less than 2,000 hectares, supply falls short of demand for product for area, and artificial growth is inexorable trend.

Grass carp belongs to one of four famous large Chinese carps of China, and nutritious, meat flavour is delicious, in recent years, with grass carp cultivation It is a large amount of to rise, found during cultivation, due to lacking reasonable and effective method for breeding, cause grass carp to form quality, number Amount is decreased obviously, and, existing grass carp cultural technique uses the synthetic of more chemical classes, antibiotic to improve yield Class medicine etc. helps the too fast growth of grass carp or the too fast various pest and disease damages influence solved during Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus, although greatly The culturing time for shortening grass carp or the influence for controlling pest and disease damage in a short period of time, but on the other hand cause grass carp Quality produce change, it is often more important that using after chemical classes medicine or antibiotic, medicament residue can exist in the internal of grass carp It is transferred in human body during people are edible, the health to people is impacted, and chemical classes or antibiotic use meeting Pollution is brought to environment, is unfavorable for ecological, environmental protective.Further, since as the excreta of fish is accumulated, the ammonia nitrogen of water body increases, toxicity Incrementally increase, be unfavorable for the survival of fish, the excreta of generation causes pollution to environment again, and receives environment shadow in process of production Ring big, be difficult artificial control, water resource waste is big.

Generally, to realize the plantation of water shield and the cultivation of grass carp, generally require is carried out respectively, thus causes agricultural The waste in space, meanwhile, also there is the technical scheme that some fish dishes are supported, but be directed to the farming scheme of water shield and grass carp symbiosis also Compare deficient.For example, application number 201210549973 discloses a kind of implantation methods of water shield " 2-3 months, in per hectare medicine dish Tanaka puts the tail of piece winter, carp fry two ages 60 ~ 90, grass carp seedling 60-90 tails, carp fry 150-250 tails in a suitable place to breed；Received in November medicine dish and terminated Afterwards, it is necessary to which dry pond is cleaned up the pond, and grass carp has been caught ".Though such scheme relates to put grass carp seedling in a suitable place to breed in water shield plantation waters, grass carp There are problems that foregoing, the water shield additionally, other fish may then take food in breeding process.

The content of the invention

It is a kind of beneficial to Agricultural Three-dimensional exploitation present invention aim at providing, with environmental protection, ecology, recycle having for feature Machine water shield and the method for grass carp symbiosis.

The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：

A kind of organic water shield and the method for grass carp symbiosis, comprise the following steps：

（1）Seedling is selected to be colonized：

The maternal plant for being elected to be kind of stem answers robust growth, no disease and pests harm, colloid to enrich；Kind of stem is made with underground pasture pasture stem, from white Sturdy stem section, every section is saved no less than 2--3 and makees kind of stem with stem in water, from sturdy, aged, color and luster is green, stem with fibrous root Section；The latent bud that survives the winter was gathered at the beginning of 11 months by the end of October, and cuttage is transplanted in shallow water mud before and after next year is clear and bright；

Have bar plant and cave plant two kinds, stem breeding in underground pasture pasture stem and water, using bar plant, plant stem often go it is single along long array, It is end to end；The latent bud that survives the winter breeding, planted using cave；

The line-spacing that bar is planted is 1m ~ 2m, resting bud cave cultivation of surviving the winter, and line-spacing is 1m ~ 2m, 0.2 ~ 0.4m of spacing in the rows；

（2）Field management is put in a suitable place to breed with organic grass carp：

1）Water table management：

The green sprouting stage transplants initial stage, water level 10-30cm；Growth phase water level 40-70cm, and the pelter that should not soar；Summer During Ji Gaowen, water level can be properly increased, but not exceed 100cm；In the dormancy stage, shallow water in field, water level 20-30cm are put, but enter Late November ~ next year 2 months after winter, water level is suitably deepened to 50-60cm；

2）Water quality management：

1. enter discharge outlet diagonally to set, water body is fully exchanged during so as to water injection；2. often pluck and once change part water, change the water time Be selected in every time pluck terminate after, supplement topdress before；The old water of 3 ~ 5cm is specifically bled off, the new water of 6 ~ 8cm is added；3. monthly Water thoroughly is changed, 2/1sts to three/3rd old water is specifically bled off, then water is poured into original water level；4. early stage late April ~ It is early July, every to change within 3-5 days water once；It is mid-July in midsummer ~ late August, every to change within 6-10 days water once.When water temperature reaches 30 DEG C When, it is preferably maintained in long-term miniflow water；

3）Fingerling stocking and management：

In 1 ~ 2 month, organic tail of grass carp seedling 150 ~ 230 is put into per hectare, before fingerling stocking with 10% Chinese sumac root, wild garlic, The leachate water sterilization of margosa 5,10 minutes；

In grass carp breeding process, mixing is carried out using feed formulation auxiliary material and is fed, the ratio of feed and auxiliary material is 1:1~2；

Corn, sweet-waxy maizes stalk, pine needle, sweet potato leaves and stemses that described auxiliary material includes green grass, is cooked, raw material proportioning is by quality point Number is respectively：Green grass 5%, the corn 10% being cooked, sweet-waxy maizes stalk 20%, pine needle 10%, sweet potato leaves and stemses 40%；Adapt in the early stage In the stage, Folium sophorae, Chinese sumac leaf, the wheat of germination are increased in above-mentioned auxiliary material, the proportioning of three is respectively by mass fraction： 4%, 5%, 6%；In middle stable growth phase, increase sophora flower, sudangrass, tabasheer grass and malt in above-mentioned auxiliary material, four Proportioning is respectively by mass fraction：4%, 3%, 3% and 5%；Increase weight and survive the winter the stage in the later stage, increase sweet glutinous in above-mentioned auxiliary material Maize leaves, Chinese sumac leaf and malt, the proportioning of three are respectively by mass fraction：4%, 5%, 6%；

1-2 month before grass carp lists, the self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations raised and feed 0.5-2%, the self-control are mixed in mixed feed Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations includes that allicin, Radix Isatidis, Huang Mao, Radix Glycyrrhizae, honeysuckle, bark of eucommia fleece-flower root dissipate；Each component content is respectively：Greatly Allicin 25-45%, Radix Isatidis 5-20%, Huang Mao 5-20%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-15%, honeysuckle 5-15%, bark of eucommia 5-15%, Shouwu San 5-15%；

After November medicine dish is received and adopts end, it is necessary to which dry pond is cleaned up the pond, and grass carp has been caught；

4）Chemical control：

Base manure is made from active bio-organic fertilizer to use, and require the content of organic matter >=40%, effective active bacterium >=0.5 before plantation Hundred million/gram；Because contain organic matter, amino acid, protein hydrolysate, beneficial activity bacterium, with decompose root poison, abatement residual, neutralize acid-base value, The characteristics of the effects such as insect pest preventing and controlling, complete nutrition efficient；

(3) harvest.

The beneficial effects of enforcing the present invention：Comprehensive three-dimensionally to make use of waters, water shield plantation absorbs decomposes grass carp excreta, For water shield provides nutrient；The pond depth of water and water shield plantation spacing have suitable ratio, ensure that fry health, pond waters Circulation is abundant, and environmental protection, ecological, cyclic utilization rate and cycle efficieny purpose high are reached with this；According to the growth characteristic of grass carp, knot Prior art is closed, using medicinal herb componentses feeding grass carp, the speed of growth of grass carp can be promoted, meet its need to protein Ask；The green grass grown in pond feeds fish, meets the habit of grass carp, and containing required for grass carp healthy growth in green grass Multivitamin, on the premise of the Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus phase is not changed, the profile and interior quality of grass carp are significantly improved, together When save bait usage amount, so as to realize the low-carbon (LC) production model of sustainable circular form zero-emission, at the same increased again industry effect Benefit.

Specific embodiment

In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, below will Technical scheme is clearly and completely described.

Embodiment：

（1）Seedling is selected to be colonized：

The maternal plant for being elected to be kind of stem answers robust growth, no disease and pests harm, colloid to enrich；Kind of stem is made with underground pasture pasture stem, from white Sturdy stem section, every section is saved no less than 2--3 and makees kind of stem with stem in water, from sturdy, aged, color and luster is green, stem with fibrous root Section；The latent bud that survives the winter was gathered at the beginning of 11 months by the end of October, and cuttage is transplanted in shallow water mud before and after next year is clear and bright；

Have bar plant and cave plant two kinds, stem breeding in underground pasture pasture stem and water, using bar plant, plant stem often go it is single along long array, It is end to end；The latent bud that survives the winter breeding, planted using cave；

The line-spacing that bar is planted is 1m ~ 2m, resting bud cave cultivation of surviving the winter, and line-spacing is 1m ~ 2m, 0.2 ~ 0.4m of spacing in the rows；

（2）Field management is put in a suitable place to breed with organic grass carp：

1）Water table management：

The green sprouting stage transplants initial stage, water level 10-30cm；Growth phase water level 40-70cm, and the pelter that should not soar；Summer During Ji Gaowen, water level can be properly increased, but not exceed 100cm；In the dormancy stage, shallow water in field, water level 20-30cm are put, but enter Late November ~ next year 2 months after winter, water level is suitably deepened to 50-60cm；

2）Water quality management：

1. enter discharge outlet diagonally to set, water body is fully exchanged during so as to water injection；2. often pluck and once change part water, change the water time Be selected in every time pluck terminate after, supplement topdress before；The old water of 3 ~ 5cm is specifically bled off, the new water of 6 ~ 8cm is added；3. monthly Water thoroughly is changed, 2/1sts to three/3rd old water is specifically bled off, then water is poured into original water level；4. early stage late April ~ It is early July, every to change within 3-5 days water once；It is mid-July in midsummer ~ late August, every to change within 6-10 days water once.When water temperature reaches 30 DEG C When, it is preferably maintained in long-term miniflow water；

3）Fingerling stocking and management：

In 1 ~ 2 month, organic tail of grass carp seedling 150 ~ 230 is put into per hectare, before fingerling stocking with 10% Chinese sumac root, wild garlic, The leachate water sterilization of margosa 5,10 minutes；

In grass carp breeding process, mixing is carried out using feed formulation auxiliary material and is fed, the ratio of feed and auxiliary material is 1:1~2；

Corn, sweet-waxy maizes stalk, pine needle, sweet potato leaves and stemses that described auxiliary material includes green grass, is cooked, raw material proportioning is by quality point Number is respectively：Green grass 5%, the corn 10% being cooked, sweet-waxy maizes stalk 20%, pine needle 10%, sweet potato leaves and stemses 40%；Adapt in the early stage In the stage, Folium sophorae, Chinese sumac leaf, the wheat of germination are increased in above-mentioned auxiliary material, the proportioning of three is respectively by mass fraction： 4%, 5%, 6%；In middle stable growth phase, increase sophora flower, sudangrass, tabasheer grass and malt in above-mentioned auxiliary material, four Proportioning is respectively by mass fraction：4%, 3%, 3% and 5%；Increase weight and survive the winter the stage in the later stage, increase sweet glutinous in above-mentioned auxiliary material Maize leaves, Chinese sumac leaf and malt, the proportioning of three are respectively by mass fraction：4%, 5%, 6%；

Herein, green grass contains crude protein, and crude fat, wherein crude protein, crude fat are higher by 3 times than general weeds content；The jade being cooked Various nutrient elements needed for the growth of meter Han You fishes, nutritive value is higher；Sweet-waxy maizes stalk：Digestible crude protein negative value, slightly Fiber, calcium, phosphorus, lysine, methionine, cystine, it is easy to obtain；Pine needle：Grass carp red blood cell oxygen carrying capacity can be increased, promote it Blood circulation, improves the function of capillary, enhance immunity etc.；Sweet potato leaves and stemses：Contain rich in protein, carrotene, dimension Raw element, iron and calcareous.This several raw material contain Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus required for various elements, may be such that the nutrition of feed is balanced and inhale Receive, improve the meat of grass carp and the fitness of grass carp, make each function of its body more strong.

1-2 month before grass carp lists, the self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations raised and feed 0.5-2% is mixed in mixed feed, it is described Self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations includes that allicin, Radix Isatidis, Huang Mao, Radix Glycyrrhizae, honeysuckle, bark of eucommia fleece-flower root dissipate；Each component content is distinguished For：Allicin 25-45%, Radix Isatidis 5-20%, Huang Mao 5-20%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-15%, honeysuckle 5-15%, bark of eucommia 5-15%, Shouwu San 5-15%；

Herein, pharmacology principle is：Allicin is a kind of natural antibacterial material, can effectively suppress the life of pathogenic bacteria in grass carp body It is long, to grass carp because the various bacteriosises such as the rotten cheek, red skin, enteritis, the bleeding that cause and its complication of infecting have significant curative effect, Play the role of and effect similar with antibiotic, but antibiotic-free the side effect such as medicine is residual.Additionally, allicin takes in body by grass carp After interior, the formation with the amino acid for stimulating generation fragrance in fish body can be effectively adjusted, meat is more delicious after the cooking to make grass carp, Local flavor is unique.The self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is a kind of complex Chinese herbal medicine, and wherein each component collective effect can be improved Rate of body weight gain, enhancing protein, dry, the digestibility of fat improve the content of necessary amino acid in crude protein, promote Grass Carp Liver Pancreas and muscle transaminase, the effect of alkaline phosphatase activities, and then improve generation and the quality of grass carp, while also having certain Disease-resistant bactericidal action, the usage amount of antibiotic can be greatly reduced;

After November medicine dish is received and adopts end, it is necessary to which dry pond is cleaned up the pond, and grass carp has been caught；

4）Chemical control：

Base manure is made from active bio-organic fertilizer to use, and require the content of organic matter >=40%, effective active bacterium >=0.5 before plantation Hundred million/gram；Because contain organic matter, amino acid, protein hydrolysate, beneficial activity bacterium, with decompose root poison, abatement residual, neutralize acid-base value, The characteristics of the effects such as insect pest preventing and controlling, complete nutrition efficient；

（3）Harvesting.

1. collecting time.One mid-July of mid or late April in spring, one early October of mid-August in autumn.The water shield planted then Dish, needs blade just to start harvesting when covering with the water surface substantially.

2. collecting method.Wooden boat or water chestnut bucket, basin is preferably used to enter water shield field, artificial harvesting observable tender stem, tender under water Bud, is put in wooden barrel or Plastic Drum.Growing vigorous season should harvest in time.

Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of method of organic water shield and grass carp symbiosis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

（1）Seedling is selected to be colonized：

The maternal plant for being elected to be kind of stem answers robust growth, no disease and pests harm, colloid to enrich；Kind of stem is made with underground pasture pasture stem, from white Sturdy stem section, every section is saved no less than 2--3 and makees kind of stem with stem in water, from sturdy, aged, color and luster is green, stem with fibrous root Section；The latent bud that survives the winter was gathered at the beginning of 11 months by the end of October, and cuttage is transplanted in shallow water mud before and after next year is clear and bright；

Have bar plant and cave plant two kinds, stem breeding in underground pasture pasture stem and water, using bar plant, plant stem often go it is single along long array, It is end to end；The latent bud that survives the winter breeding, planted using cave；

The line-spacing that bar is planted is 1m ~ 2m, resting bud cave cultivation of surviving the winter, and line-spacing is 1m ~ 2m, 0.2 ~ 0.4m of spacing in the rows；

Field management is put in a suitable place to breed with organic grass carp：

1）Water table management：

The green sprouting stage transplants initial stage, water level 10-30cm；Growth phase water level 40-70cm, and the pelter that should not soar；Summer During Ji Gaowen, water level can be properly increased, but not exceed 100cm；In the dormancy stage, shallow water in field, water level 20-30cm are put, but enter Late November ~ next year 2 months after winter, water level is suitably deepened to 50-60cm；

2）Water quality management：

1. enter discharge outlet diagonally to set, water body is fully exchanged during so as to water injection；2. often pluck and once change part water, change the water time Be selected in every time pluck terminate after, supplement topdress before；The old water of 3 ~ 5cm is specifically bled off, the new water of 6 ~ 8cm is added；3. monthly Water thoroughly is changed, 2/1sts to three/3rd old water is specifically bled off, then water is poured into original water level；4. early stage late April ~ It is early July, every to change within 3-5 days water once；It is mid-July in midsummer ~ late August, every to change within 6-10 days water once.

2. when water temperature reaches 30 DEG C, long-term miniflow water is preferably maintained in；

3）Fingerling stocking and management：

In 1 ~ 2 month, organic tail of grass carp seedling 150 ~ 230 is put into per hectare, before fingerling stocking with 10% Chinese sumac root, wild garlic, The leachate water sterilization of margosa 5,10 minutes；

In grass carp breeding process, mixing is carried out using feed formulation auxiliary material and is fed, the ratio of feed and auxiliary material is 1:1~2；

Corn, sweet-waxy maizes stalk, pine needle, sweet potato leaves and stemses that described auxiliary material includes green grass, is cooked, raw material proportioning is by quality point Number is respectively：Green grass 5%, the corn 10% being cooked, sweet-waxy maizes stalk 20%, pine needle 10%, sweet potato leaves and stemses 40%；Adapt in the early stage In the stage, Folium sophorae, Chinese sumac leaf, the wheat of germination are increased in above-mentioned auxiliary material, the proportioning of three is respectively by mass fraction： 4%, 5%, 6%；In middle stable growth phase, increase sophora flower, sudangrass, tabasheer grass and malt in above-mentioned auxiliary material, four Proportioning is respectively by mass fraction：4%, 3%, 3% and 5%；Increase weight and survive the winter the stage in the later stage, increase sweet glutinous in above-mentioned auxiliary material Maize leaves, Chinese sumac leaf and malt, the proportioning of three are respectively by mass fraction：4%, 5%, 6%；

1-2 month before grass carp lists, the self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations raised and feed 0.5-2%, the self-control are mixed in mixed feed Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations includes that allicin, Radix Isatidis, Huang Mao, Radix Glycyrrhizae, honeysuckle, bark of eucommia fleece-flower root dissipate；Each component content is respectively：Greatly Allicin 25-45%, Radix Isatidis 5-20%, Huang Mao 5-20%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-15%, honeysuckle 5-15%, bark of eucommia 5-15%, Shouwu San 5-15%；

After November medicine dish is received and adopts end, it is necessary to which dry pond is cleaned up the pond, and grass carp has been caught；

4）Chemical control：

Base manure is made from active bio-organic fertilizer to use, and require the content of organic matter >=40%, effective active bacterium >=0.5 before plantation Hundred million/gram；Because contain organic matter, amino acid, protein hydrolysate, beneficial activity bacterium, with decompose root poison, abatement residual, neutralize acid-base value, The characteristics of the effects such as insect pest preventing and controlling, complete nutrition efficient；

(3) harvest.