CN103004429A - Water shield planting method - Google Patents

Water shield planting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103004429A
CN103004429A CN2012105499731A CN201210549973A CN103004429A CN 103004429 A CN103004429 A CN 103004429A CN 2012105499731 A CN2012105499731 A CN 2012105499731A CN 201210549973 A CN201210549973 A CN 201210549973A CN 103004429 A CN103004429 A CN 103004429A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
water shield
field
shield
stem
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2012105499731A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李浩宇
张忠新
张朝阳
杨大强
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SUZHOU DONGSHAN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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SUZHOU DONGSHAN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2012105499731A priority Critical patent/CN103004429A/en
Publication of CN103004429A publication Critical patent/CN103004429A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a water shield planting method, and belongs to the technical field of aquatic vegetable planting. The water shield planting method comprises the following steps of: performing field selection, field planting, field management and harvesting; establishing more than one hundred mu of integrated water shield fields; controlling the water level of the water shield field by utilizing automatic facilities such as a drainage and irrigation station; breeding finishes, such as grass carp and bream, with reasonable density; increasing species diversity of the water shield field; and controlling injurious insects such as float grass and duckweed chironomids to improve the yield of the water shield and improve the quality of the water shield. By the water shield planting method, the yield per mu of the water shield is improved; the problem that the market shortage of the water shield of the entire country is solved effectively; and the method can be popularized in large area.

Description

The implantation methods of a kind of water shield
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of water shield, belong to aquatic vegetable planting technology field.
Background technology
Water shield has another name called membranaceous marshmarigold herb, water certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, Lu Cai, lake dish etc., and formal name used at school Brasenia schreberi for the cultivated species in the Nymphaeceae water shield genus, is a kind of perennial root aquatic and herbaceous vegetables.Be distributed in the provinces such as China Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, the major production areas is near the Zhejiang Hangzhou West Lake, Xiao Shan Xiang Hu and Dongshan, Taihu Lake, Jiangsu, and is the most famous with West Lake water shield and Taihu Lake water shield.The edible part of water shield is to be grown in to have hyaloplasmic soup stock in the water, and lubricated oiliness, delicate fragrance is good to eat.Water shield is a kind of aquatic vegetable of delicious flavour still not, but also has very high medical value.According to Compendium of Material Medica record, food water shield tool is quenched one's thirst, gas, preventing or arresting vomiting under the hot spleen, cold-patch, just rush down, the effect of anti-inflammatory, detoxifcation, being rich in multiple human body institute must amino acid, nutritious, once is imperial tribute in history.
Because the above-mentioned advantage that water shield is showed is subjected to liking of people deeply, but water shield is subject to the damage by disease and insect impact in process of growth, and per mu yield is lower, can not satisfy the needs of food market.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose to have the implantation methods of a kind of water shield that output is high, quality is good.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the implantation methods of a kind of water shield, and its step is as follows:
1, field is selected
1. select meet that lake, pond that the pollution-free vegetable production environment requires are half congealed, river course, branching stream and low-lying field, smooth with physical features, irrigation and drainage convenient, the soil organic matter abundant, physicochemical character is good, about silt depth 20cm, ph value 5.5-6.5 is advisable.
2. according to the needs of growth with management, build ridge, ditch, canal, filling row facility, generally take 15 hectares as a unit.
3. want meticulous whole ground before the plantation such as the low-lying rice field water shield, plough rake 2-3 time, tilling depth 20-30cm cleans up the pond with 35-40kg quicklime for per 667 square metres, and removal weeds, algae etc. are raked.
4. in conjunction with ploughing, execute the organic fertilizer 1000--1200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for per 667 square metres, or execute the cake fertilizer 50kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
The water quality of 5. planting water shield should be limpid, clean, pollution-free, transparency is high, can four seasons current constantly or add and change conveniently.
2, field planting
According to the market demand, the growth potential of selection adaptation TAI HU AREA is strong, output is high, quality is good, be suitable for the kind of export processing, such as the red calyx of red autumnal leaves, red limit greenery, the green calyx of red autumnal leaves etc.
The maternal plant that is elected to be kind of stem answers robust growth, enriches without damage by disease and insect, colloid.Make kind of stem with sobole, select the sturdy stem section of white, every section be no less than the 2--3 joint; Make kind of stem with stem in the water, select sturdy, aged, color and luster is green, with the stem section of fibrous root; The sleeping bud of surviving the winter gathered at the beginning of 11 months by the end of October, and cuttage is transplanted before and after Clear and Bright in next year in shallow water mud.
Suzhou District plantation before and after Clear and Bright in spring, before and after slight snow in winter.
Have bar to plant and the cave plants two kinds, stem breeding in sobole and the water adopts bar to plant, the sleeping bud of surviving the winter breeding, adopt the cave cultivation.Stem in the sobole of doing kind, the water, survive the winter sleeping bud will with dig, with choosing, with kind, the same day, kind was not complete, be placed on moisturizing in the water.Planting distance is decided according to plantation amount and Harvesting Years, and the line-spacing that bar is planted is 250cm, and every row kind stem is single along long array; The sleeping bud cave of surviving the winter plants line-spacing 250cm, spacing in the rows 20cm.
3, field management
Can not cut off the water supply the whole year in the water shield field, normal water level should remain on 50-70cm.Green sprouting stage or transplanting initial stage, suitable shallow water, water level 10-30cm; Vegetative stage water level 50-70cm, and the pelter of should not soaring; During the summer high temperature, water level can suitably improve, but does not surpass 100cm; Dormant stage puts shallow water in field, water level 20-30cm, but enter after the winter late November-February in next year, water level suitably adds and is deep to 50-60cm.Be to guarantee water shield quality and normal growth, growing period requires to keep running water or add and change clear water, and number of times is decided on pool water in field matter, and the vigorous stage of growing should about 3 days adds and changes clear water 1 time.
Generally do not execute any fertilizer vegetative period.Become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 50kg and superphosphate 50kg can be executed in annual Winter-Spring before the rhizome rudiment, or the organic fertilizer 1000--2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Water shield Tanaka Major Diseases is leaf rot, root rot; Major Pests is that duckweed midge, water caltrop jade-like stone are chrysomelid, ephydrid, food root waterleaf first; Main crop smothering is moss, water peanut.
1. cultural control.The one, in time add and change clear water, keep water quality as clear as crystal.The 2nd, in time clean the rural area.After the field planting more than 10 day, before the annual water shield rudiment, all will pull out weeds one time, growing period in conjunction with gathering, weeds out the rank grass at any time.The 3rd, rationally cover is supported, and in 2-3 month, puts winter sheet carp fry in two ages 60~90 tails, grass carp seedling 60-90 tail, carp fry 150-250 tail in a suitable place to breed per hectare water shield Tanaka.After November, water shield was received end, must do the pond and clean up the pond, grass carp has been caught.The 4th, timely replacement is regenerated.After the plant strain growth gesture begins to weaken, can partly or entirely pull out, select the again seeding of kind stem of healthy and strong plant.The 5th, in time manually skim.Water shield rudiment in March, lamnaeid mostly concentrate on around the water shield field and during the flowing water mouth, in time skim.
2. chemical control.Leaf rot, moss can prevent and treat with the sprinkling of 1: 1: 200 bordeaux mixture (adding water 50kg such as 250g copper sulphate and 250g quicklime).800 times of liquid controls of chrysomelid available 90% trichlorphon of water caltrop jade-like stone, leaf roll snout moth's larva, ephydrid can prevent and treat with 2000 times of liquid of avermectin.
4, gather
1. collecting time.Mid or late April-mid-July in spring, mid-August-early October in autumn.The water shield of plantation just begins to gather when needing blade substantially to cover with the water surface then.
2. collecting method.Should enter the water shield field with wooden boat or water chestnut bucket, basin, manually gather under water observable tender stem, tender shoots are put in wooden barrel or the Plastic Drum.Grow and in time to gather vigorous season.
3. fresh water shield is gathered and in time carries out rinsing afterwards, removes impurity, immerses in the water purification and preserves time 1--2 days.The water shield that need process should be gathered and be processed day the same day.
Because the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention has following advantages:
The implantation methods of the described a kind of water shield of the present invention program, set up more than hundred mu in flakes water shield field, by the automation installations such as drainage and irrigation station control water shield water in field position, utilize the fish such as grass carp, the bream cover of rational density to support, increase water shield field bio-diversity, the insects such as control pasture and water and duckweed midge increase water shield output, improve the quality of water shield.Improve the water shield per mu yield, effectively solve national water shield market problem in short supply, but spread.
Embodiment
The implantation methods of a kind of water shield of the present invention the steps include:
1, field is selected
1. select meet that lake, pond that the pollution-free vegetable production environment requires are half congealed, river course, branching stream and low-lying field, smooth with physical features, irrigation and drainage convenient, the soil organic matter abundant, physicochemical character is good, about silt depth 20cm, ph value 5.5-6.5 is advisable.
2. according to the needs of growth with management, build ridge, ditch, canal, filling row facility, generally take 15 hectares as a unit.
3. want meticulous whole ground before the plantation such as the low-lying rice field water shield, plough rake 2-3 time, tilling depth 20-30cm cleans up the pond with 35-40kg quicklime for per 667 square metres, and removal weeds, algae etc. are raked.
4. in conjunction with ploughing, execute the organic fertilizer 1000--1200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for per 667 square metres, or execute the cake fertilizer 50kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
The water quality of 5. planting water shield should be limpid, clean, pollution-free, transparency is high, can four seasons current constantly or add and change conveniently.
2, field planting
According to the market demand, the growth potential of selection adaptation TAI HU AREA is strong, output is high, quality is good, be suitable for the kind of export processing, such as the red calyx of red autumnal leaves, red limit greenery, the green calyx of red autumnal leaves etc.
The maternal plant that is elected to be kind of stem answers robust growth, enriches without damage by disease and insect, colloid.Make kind of stem with sobole, select the sturdy stem section of white, every section be no less than the 2--3 joint; Make kind of stem with stem in the water, select sturdy, aged, color and luster is green, with the stem section of fibrous root; The sleeping bud of surviving the winter gathered at the beginning of 11 months by the end of October, and cuttage is transplanted before and after Clear and Bright in next year in shallow water mud.
Suzhou District plantation before and after Clear and Bright in spring, before and after slight snow in winter.
Have bar to plant and the cave plants two kinds, stem breeding in sobole and the water adopts bar to plant, the sleeping bud of surviving the winter breeding, adopt the cave cultivation.Stem in the sobole of doing kind, the water, survive the winter sleeping bud will with dig, with choosing, with kind, the same day, kind was not complete, be placed on moisturizing in the water.Planting distance is decided according to plantation amount and Harvesting Years, and the line-spacing that bar is planted is 250cm, and every row kind stem is single along long array; The sleeping bud cave of surviving the winter plants line-spacing 250cm, spacing in the rows 20cm.
3, field management
Can not cut off the water supply the whole year in the water shield field, normal water level should remain on 50-70cm.Green sprouting stage or transplanting initial stage, suitable shallow water, water level 10-30cm; Vegetative stage water level 50-70cm, and the pelter of should not soaring; During the summer high temperature, water level can suitably improve, but does not surpass 100cm; Dormant stage puts shallow water in field, water level 20-30cm, but enter after the winter late November-February in next year, water level suitably adds and is deep to 50-60cm.Be to guarantee water shield quality and normal growth, growing period requires to keep running water or add and change clear water, and number of times is decided on pool water in field matter, and the vigorous stage of growing should about 3 days adds and changes clear water 1 time.
Generally do not execute any fertilizer vegetative period.Become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 50kg and superphosphate 50kg can be executed in annual Winter-Spring before the rhizome rudiment, or the organic fertilizer 1000--2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Water shield Tanaka Major Diseases is leaf rot, root rot; Major Pests is that duckweed midge, water caltrop jade-like stone are chrysomelid, ephydrid, food root waterleaf first; Main crop smothering is moss, water peanut.
1. cultural control.The one, in time add and change clear water, keep water quality as clear as crystal.The 2nd, in time clean the rural area.After the field planting more than 10 day, before the annual water shield rudiment, all will pull out weeds one time, growing period in conjunction with gathering, weeds out the rank grass at any time.The 3rd, rationally cover is supported, and in 2-3 month, puts winter sheet carp fry in two ages 60~90 tails, grass carp seedling 60-90 tail, carp fry 150-250 tail in a suitable place to breed per hectare water shield Tanaka.After November, water shield was received end, must do the pond and clean up the pond, grass carp has been caught.The 4th, timely replacement is regenerated.After the plant strain growth gesture begins to weaken, can partly or entirely pull out, select the again seeding of kind stem of healthy and strong plant.The 5th, in time manually skim.Water shield rudiment in March, lamnaeid mostly concentrate on around the water shield field and during the flowing water mouth, in time skim.
2. chemical control.Leaf rot, moss can prevent and treat with the sprinkling of 1: 1: 200 bordeaux mixture (adding water 50kg such as 250g copper sulphate and 250g quicklime).800 times of liquid controls of chrysomelid available 90% trichlorphon of water caltrop jade-like stone, leaf roll snout moth's larva, ephydrid can prevent and treat with 2000 times of liquid of avermectin.
4, gather
1. collecting time.Mid or late April-mid-July in spring, mid-August-early October in autumn.The water shield of plantation just begins to gather when needing blade substantially to cover with the water surface then.
2. collecting method.Should enter the water shield field with wooden boat or water chestnut bucket, basin, manually gather under water observable tender stem, tender shoots are put in wooden barrel or the Plastic Drum.Grow and in time to gather vigorous season.
3. fresh water shield is gathered and in time carries out rinsing afterwards, removes impurity, immerses in the water purification and preserves time 1--2 days.The water shield that need process should be gathered and be processed day the same day.
Above-described embodiment only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics; its purpose is to allow the personage that is familiar with technique can understand content of the present invention and is implemented; can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; all equivalences that Spirit Essence is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the implantation methods of a water shield, its step is as follows:
(1), field is selected:
1. select meet that lake, pond that the pollution-free vegetable production environment requires are half congealed, river course, branching stream and low-lying field, smooth with physical features, irrigation and drainage convenient, the soil organic matter abundant, physicochemical character is good, about silt depth 20cm, ph value 5.5-6.5 is advisable;
2. according to the needs of growth with management, build ridge, ditch, canal, filling row facility, generally take 15 hectares as a unit;
3. want meticulous whole ground before the plantation such as the low-lying rice field water shield, plough rake 2-3 time, tilling depth 20-30cm cleans up the pond with 35-40kg quicklime for per 667 square metres, and removal weeds, algae etc. are raked;
4. in conjunction with ploughing, execute the organic fertilizer 1000--1200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for per 667 square metres, or execute the cake fertilizer 50kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
The water quality of 5. planting water shield should be limpid, clean, pollution-free, transparency is high, can four seasons current constantly or add and change conveniently.
(2), field planting
The maternal plant that is elected to be kind of stem answers robust growth, enriches without damage by disease and insect, colloid; Make kind of stem with sobole, select the sturdy stem section of white, every section be no less than the 2--3 joint; Make kind of stem with stem in the water, select sturdy, aged, color and luster is green, with the stem section of fibrous root; The sleeping bud of surviving the winter gathered at the beginning of 11 months by the end of October, and cuttage is transplanted before and after Clear and Bright in next year in shallow water mud;
Have bar to plant and the cave plants two kinds, stem breeding in sobole and the water adopts bar to plant, the sleeping bud of surviving the winter breeding, adopt the cave cultivation; Stem in the sobole of doing kind, the water, survive the winter sleeping bud will with dig, with choosing, with kind, the same day, kind was not complete, be placed on moisturizing in the water; Planting distance is decided according to plantation amount and Harvesting Years, and the line-spacing that bar is planted is 250cm, and every row kind stem is single along long array; The sleeping bud cave of surviving the winter plants line-spacing 250cm, spacing in the rows 20cm;
(3), field management: can not cut off the water supply the whole year in the water shield field, normal water level should remain on 50-70cm; Green sprouting stage or transplanting initial stage, suitable shallow water, water level 10-30cm; Vegetative stage water level 50-70cm, and the pelter of should not soaring; During the summer high temperature, water level can suitably improve, but does not surpass 100cm; Dormant stage puts shallow water in field, water level 20-30cm, but enter after the winter late November-February in next year, water level suitably adds and is deep to 50-60cm; Be to guarantee water shield quality and normal growth, growing period requires to keep running water or add and change clear water, and number of times is decided on pool water in field matter, and the vigorous stage of growing should about 3 days adds and changes clear water 1 time;
1. cultural control: the one, in time add and change clear water, keep water quality as clear as crystal; The 2nd, in time clean the rural area, field planting before the annual water shield rudiment, all will be pulled out weeds one time after more than 10 day, and growing period in conjunction with gathering, weeds out the rank grass at any time; The 3rd, rationally cover is supported, and in 2-3 month, puts winter sheet carp fry in two ages 60~90 tails, grass carp seedling 60-90 tail, carp fry 150-250 tail in a suitable place to breed per hectare water shield Tanaka; After November, water shield was received end, must do the pond and clean up the pond, grass carp has been caught; The 4th, timely replacement is regenerated, and after the plant strain growth gesture begins to weaken, can partly or entirely pull out, and selects the again seeding of kind stem of healthy and strong plant; The 5th, in time manually skim, water shield rudiment in March, lamnaeid mostly concentrate on around the water shield field and during the flowing water mouth, in time skim;
2. chemical control: leaf rot, moss can prevent and treat with the sprinkling of 1: 1: 200 bordeaux mixture (adding water 50kg such as 250g copper sulphate and 250g quicklime); 800 times of liquid controls of chrysomelid available 90% trichlorphon of water caltrop jade-like stone, leaf roll snout moth's larva, ephydrid can prevent and treat with 2000 times of liquid of avermectin.
(4), gather
1. collecting time: mid or late April-mid-July in spring, mid-August-early October in autumn; The water shield of plantation just begins to gather when needing blade substantially to cover with the water surface then;
2. collecting method: should enter the water shield field with wooden boat or water chestnut bucket, basin, manually gather under water observable tender stem, tender shoots are put in wooden barrel or the Plastic Drum; Grow and in time to gather vigorous season;
3. fresh water shield is gathered and in time carries out rinsing afterwards, removes impurity, immerses in the water purification and preserves time 1--2 days; The water shield that need process should be gathered and be processed day the same day.
CN2012105499731A 2012-12-18 2012-12-18 Water shield planting method Pending CN103004429A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104756732A (en) * 2015-04-18 2015-07-08 利川市山野食品有限责任公司 Accurate high-yield high-quality cultivation method for brasenia schreberi
CN105746148A (en) * 2016-03-15 2016-07-13 苏州东山农业发展有限公司 Early maturing culture method for Tai lake water shield
CN106613285A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-10 狄跃 Method for planting water shields through reservoir waterside fish returning to field
CN106665097A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-17 狄跃 Method for planting water-shield in reservoir irrigation canal drainage ditch water level field
CN106688596A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-24 狄跃 Reservoir waterside water and soil conservation water shield planting method
CN106688597A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-24 狄跃 Method for planting Brasenia schreberi on reservoir slope land
CN106717867A (en) * 2016-12-05 2017-05-31 南昌莼菜农业有限公司 A kind of organic water shield and the method for grass carp symbiosis
CN106982637A (en) * 2017-05-02 2017-07-28 四川农业大学 A kind of implantation methods for improving water shield yield and quality
CN110800560A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-18 长江大学 Water shield cultivation method

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CN102523856A (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-07-04 孙玮 Planting method of water shield

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CN102523856A (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-07-04 孙玮 Planting method of water shield

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104756732A (en) * 2015-04-18 2015-07-08 利川市山野食品有限责任公司 Accurate high-yield high-quality cultivation method for brasenia schreberi
CN104756732B (en) * 2015-04-18 2017-03-15 利川市山野食品有限责任公司 A kind of accurate high yield and quality cultivation method of Folium Braseniae Schreberi
CN105746148A (en) * 2016-03-15 2016-07-13 苏州东山农业发展有限公司 Early maturing culture method for Tai lake water shield
CN106717867A (en) * 2016-12-05 2017-05-31 南昌莼菜农业有限公司 A kind of organic water shield and the method for grass carp symbiosis
CN106613285A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-10 狄跃 Method for planting water shields through reservoir waterside fish returning to field
CN106665097A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-17 狄跃 Method for planting water-shield in reservoir irrigation canal drainage ditch water level field
CN106688596A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-24 狄跃 Reservoir waterside water and soil conservation water shield planting method
CN106688597A (en) * 2017-01-26 2017-05-24 狄跃 Method for planting Brasenia schreberi on reservoir slope land
CN106982637A (en) * 2017-05-02 2017-07-28 四川农业大学 A kind of implantation methods for improving water shield yield and quality
CN110800560A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-18 长江大学 Water shield cultivation method

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Application publication date: 20130403