CN104273063A - Pond crab strengthened breeding method - Google Patents
Pond crab strengthened breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104273063A CN104273063A CN201410506804.9A CN201410506804A CN104273063A CN 104273063 A CN104273063 A CN 104273063A CN 201410506804 A CN201410506804 A CN 201410506804A CN 104273063 A CN104273063 A CN 104273063A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pond crab strengthened breeding method. The method includes a, pond improvement and construction; b, preparatory work prior to stocking; c, juvenile crab placement; d, breeding management. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the juvenile crabs are bred in concentrated and strengthened manners, the physique is strengthened, and the survive rate after stocking is increased; the juvenile crabs are placed into a commercial crab breeding pond in the middle third of the May, a traditional placement time is avoided, the time for planting water plants in the pond is sufficient before the juvenile crabs are placed into the pond for breeding, and fine environment for middle and rear periodical molting and growth is provided for Chinese mitten crabs; the quality and quantity of the juvenile crabs stocked in the pond in May are grasped clearly, and the blindness of feed placement is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, relate to a kind of method for breeding river crab, specifically in pond, reinforced cultivating is carried out to improve the method that river crab (commodity crab) cultivates survival rate to crab kind.
Background technology
The main deficiency that existing river crab (commodity crab) pond cultivation technology exists is: one is that seed source is complicated, and quality is uneven, and seed physique is poor after long-distance transport, and after causing the lower pool, survival rate differs greatly; Two is that raiser does not know have how many crab kind to survive in pond on earth, and therefore bait feeding and production management exist very large blindness; Three is that when planting pasture and water, crab kind descends the pool, and pasture and water have just germinateed and just eaten up by crab kind, cause pasture and water not grow preferably, cannot provide good ecotope for river crab growth, are also just difficult to ensure that river crab normally grows fast.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the shortcoming solving prior art, provides a kind of and carry out reinforced cultivating to improve the method for commodity crab cultivation survival rate to crab kind in pond.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of pond crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, comprises the following steps:
A), the transformation in pond is clay loam with building pond soil property, slope than about 1:2.5, the ridge, pond width 2.0 ~ 3.0 meters, pond near water source, abundant water, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, enters pumping equipment complete;
B), front preparation is put in a suitable place to breed
1) to clean up the pond sterilization: little pond was cleaned up the pond sterilization at the beginning of 11 months the previous years, first drain Chi Shui, remove mud too much at the bottom of pond, finishing pond side slope, intake 10 centimetres again, then carry out disinfection with quicklime 75,000 grams/acre and use lobster to hate and kill cray, prevent cray from entering pond and destroy pasture and water and the normal growth affecting crab kind;
2) build up and anti-escape facility: anti-facility of escaping adopts calcium-plastic board or thick plastic film to build, and require to be buried in the earth 10 ~ 20 centimetres, 50 cm above ground level, build up arc at Chi Jiaochu, and outside timber or short bamboo pole are fixed;
3) pasture and water plantation: pond disinfection started to plant pasture and water after 10 days, pasture and water plantation adopts the mode of drilling, and kind is the waterweed that low temperature tolerance ability is stronger, and cultivated area accounts for 60% ~ 70% of the pond gross area;
C), seed is thrown in
Throw at little pond the crab kind that specification is 100 ~ 300/kilogram before and after February, throwing in density is 4000 ~ 6000/mu, mid-April, cage under little pond fished for large gauge crab kind, rendered to commodity crab cultivating pool after being eliminated by the inferior seed in crab kind according to certain density;
D), aquaculture management
1) feedstuff feeding: start feeding during water temperature more than 10 DEG C, food species is river crab special compound feed, and feeding volume is 1% ~ 5%, concrete feeding volume according to water quality, water temperature, weather, ingest, grow, the situation such as shell suitably increases and decreases;
2) water level management: pond water level at beforehand control at 30 cm to promote that pasture and water grow, then along with pasture and water growth adds deep water level gradually, April ~ May, mean depth of water was 50 ~ 80 centimetres;
3) water quality adjustment: pond keeps certain fertile degree by fertilising, prevent April and May moss grow in a large number, after crab kind enters pond, regularly splash the probiotics of improvement water quality in full pond, interval is 15 ~ 20 days;
4) pasture and water management: suitably remove in time when pasture and water are overstocked, carry out benefit when pasture and water are very few in time to plant, pasture and water are floated or rot to pick up in time, find to surface in the top of pasture and water and just cut stubble immediately to prevent from turning to be yellow bottom water grass and to reduce the insect pest of pasture and water, keep a close eye on the insect pest of pasture and water, when finding that insect pest appears in pasture and water, use the Avermectin of 1% to carry out prevention and control in the morning;
5) substrate regulation and control: normally producing season, the probiotics of 10 ~ 15 days full pool spilling head improvement substrates in interval once, when cultivation later stage pond bottom silt accumulation is more, water transparency is low, with quicklime 10 ~ 15g/m3ization water full pool spilling head, continuous use twice, 5 ~ 7 days intervals, period stops using probiotics.
Described a kind of pond crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, in step a), little pond area is 30% ~ 35% of commodity crab cultivating pool area, and water-storage depth must reach more than 1.5 meters, smooth at the bottom of pond, the mud degree of depth 15 cm.
Described a kind of pond crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, in step b), the fertilizer after fermentation maturity 50 ~ 80 kilograms is executed in first every mu of pasture and water plantation.
Described a kind of pond crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, before seedling is thrown in, first crab kind is soaked about 1 minute together with mesh bag in pond water in step c), mention and shelve 2 ~ 3 minutes, soak 1 minute again, shelve 2 ~ 3 minutes again, so 2 ~ 3 times repeatedly, then crab kind is separately put down to gently phytal zone or the more place of pasture and water, allow it from being advanced into pond.
Described a kind of pond crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, in step d) during feedstuff feeding, to throw something and feed before first time shell behind pond under crab kind the feed of crude protein 35% ~ 36%, to throw something and feed before second time shell the feed of crude protein 32% ~ 33%, feed fixed point is evenly thrown at shallow water without careless district, every morning and dusk respectively throw something and feed 1 time, and feeding volume at dusk accounts for about 70% of feeding volume on the same day.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compare with existing river crab pond breeding method, there is following advantage: one is that crab kind is passed through to concentrate reinforced cultivating, enhances physique, improves the survival rate after putting in a suitable place to breed; Two be crab kind in may early and middle ten days render to commodity crab cultivating pool, stagger traditional throwing seedling time, guarantee before crab kind does not proceed to large pond culture, there are sufficient time plantation pasture and water in large pond, for the shell of river crab middle and later periods, growth provide good ecotope; Three is the quality and quantities clearly knowing that in pond, May crab kind is put in a suitable place to breed, avoids the blindness of feedstuff feeding.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of pond crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, as a basic embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A), the transformation in pond and construction
Pond soil property is clay loam, slope than about 1:2.5, the ridge, pond width 2.0 ~ 3.0 meters, pond is rectangle, aspect ratio 4:3, smooth at the bottom of pond, available depth 1.5 ~ 2m, pond primary condition is: pond is near water source, abundant water, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, enters pumping equipment complete, is equipped with microporous pipeline oxygenation facility at the bottom of pond, drain Chi Shui, remove too much mud (staying silt 10cm), and freeze solarization 10 days, to be oxidized bottom organic matter, after bleaching powder is dissolved completely, chlorinty is not less than 25%, evenly splashes in full pond, consumption every mu 25 kilograms.
B), front preparation is put in a suitable place to breed
1) to clean up the pond sterilization: little pond was cleaned up the pond sterilization at the beginning of 11 months the previous years, first drain Chi Shui, remove mud too much at the bottom of pond, finishing pond side slope, intake 10 centimetres again, then carry out disinfection with quicklime 75,000 grams/acre and use lobster to hate and kill cray, prevent cray from entering pond and destroy pasture and water and the normal growth affecting crab kind.
2) build up and anti-escape facility: anti-facility of escaping adopts calcium-plastic board or thick plastic film to build, and require to be buried in the earth 10 ~ 20 centimetres, 50 cm above ground level, build up arc at Chi Jiaochu, and outside timber or short bamboo pole are fixed.
3) pasture and water plantation: pond disinfection started to plant pasture and water after 10 days, and pasture and water are water peanut and water caltrop, pasture and water plantation adopts the mode of drilling, and kind is the waterweed that low temperature tolerance ability is stronger, and cultivated area accounts for 60% ~ 70% of the pond gross area.
C), seed is thrown in
The crab kind that specification is 100 ~ 300/kilogram is thrown in before and after the beginning of February, to be thrown something and fed by feeding morning, Different growth phases the technical measures such as different bait, water quality adjustment and substrate regulation and control, crab kind is allowed at least to cast off a skin 2 times the reinforced cultivating phase of about 3 months, specification reaches 15 ~ 30 grams/, and the large gauge crab kind in little pond catches out and renders to commodity crab cultivating pool according to certain density by early and middle ten days in may.
D), aquaculture management
1) feedstuff feeding: start feeding during water temperature more than 10 DEG C, food species is river crab special compound feed, feeding volume is 1% ~ 5%, concrete feeding volume according to water quality, water temperature, weather, ingest, grow, the situation such as shell suitably increases and decreases, throw something and feed every day protein content 36% pellet and green fodder, every day twice, account for 40% of total amount of throwing something and feeding day the morning, account for 60% at dusk.
2) water level management: pond water level at beforehand control at 30 cm to promote that pasture and water grow, then along with pasture and water growth adds deep water level gradually, April ~ May, mean depth of water was 50 ~ 80 centimetres.
3) water quality adjustment: pond keeps certain fertile degree by fertilising, prevent April and May moss grow in a large number, after crab kind enters pond, regularly splash the probiotics of improvement water quality in full pond, interval is 15 ~ 20 days.
4) pasture and water management: suitably remove in time when pasture and water are overstocked, carry out benefit when pasture and water are very few in time to plant, pasture and water are floated or rot to pick up in time, find to surface in the top of pasture and water and just cut stubble immediately to prevent from turning to be yellow bottom water grass and to reduce the insect pest of pasture and water, keep a close eye on the insect pest of pasture and water, when finding that insect pest appears in pasture and water, use the Avermectin of 1% to carry out prevention and control in the morning.
5) substrate regulation and control: normally producing season, the probiotics of 10 ~ 15 days full pool spilling head improvement substrates in interval once, when cultivation later stage pond bottom silt accumulation is more, water transparency is low, with quicklime 10 ~ 15g/m3ization water full pool spilling head, continuous use twice, 5 ~ 7 days intervals, period stops using probiotics.
Embodiment two
Further embodiment, with embodiment one unlike, little pond area is 30% ~ 35% of commodity crab cultivating pool area, and water-storage depth must reach more than 1.5 meters, smooth at the bottom of pond, the mud degree of depth 15 cm.
Embodiment three
Further embodiment, with embodiment one unlike, in step b) pasture and water plantation before every mu execute the fertilizer after fermentation maturity 50 ~ 80 kilograms.
Embodiment four
It is further embodiment, with embodiment one unlike, before seedling is thrown in, first crab kind is soaked about 1 minute together with mesh bag in pond water in step c), mention and shelve 2 ~ 3 minutes, soak 1 minute again, then shelve 2 ~ 3 minutes, 2 ~ 3 times so repeatedly, again crab kind separately being put down to gently phytal zone or the more place of pasture and water, allowing it from being advanced into pond.
Embodiment five
It is further embodiment, with embodiment one unlike, in step d) during feedstuff feeding, to throw something and feed before first time shell behind pond under crab kind the feed of crude protein 35% ~ 36%, to throw something and feed before second time shell the feed of crude protein 32% ~ 33%, feed fixed point is evenly thrown at shallow water without careless district, and every morning and dusk respectively throw something and feed 1 time, and feeding volume at dusk accounts for about 70% of feeding volume on the same day.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only; and the embodiment that part is used, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention; can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a pond crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A), the transformation in pond and construction
Pond soil property is clay loam, slope than about 1:2.5, the ridge, pond width 2.0 ~ 3.0 meters, pond near water source, abundant water, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, enters pumping equipment complete;
B), front preparation is put in a suitable place to breed
1) to clean up the pond sterilization: little pond was cleaned up the pond sterilization at the beginning of 11 months the previous years, first drain Chi Shui, remove mud too much at the bottom of pond, finishing pond side slope, intake 10 centimetres again, then carry out disinfection with quicklime 75,000 grams/acre and use lobster to hate and kill cray, prevent cray from entering pond and destroy pasture and water and the normal growth affecting crab kind;
2) build up and anti-escape facility: anti-facility of escaping adopts calcium-plastic board or thick plastic film to build, and require to be buried in the earth 10 ~ 20 centimetres, 50 cm above ground level, build up arc at Chi Jiaochu, and outside timber or short bamboo pole are fixed;
3) pasture and water plantation: pond disinfection started to plant pasture and water after 10 days, pasture and water plantation adopts the mode of drilling, and kind is the waterweed that low temperature tolerance ability is stronger, and cultivated area accounts for 60% ~ 70% of the pond gross area;
C), seed is thrown in
Throw at little pond the crab kind that specification is 100 ~ 300/kilogram before and after February, throwing in density is 4000 ~ 6000/mu, mid-April, cage under little pond fished for large gauge crab kind, rendered to commodity crab cultivating pool after being eliminated by the inferior seed in crab kind according to certain density;
D), aquaculture management
1) feedstuff feeding: start feeding during water temperature more than 10 DEG C, food species is river crab special compound feed, and feeding volume is 1% ~ 5%, concrete feeding volume according to water quality, water temperature, weather, ingest, grow, the situation such as shell suitably increases and decreases;
2) water level management: pond water level at beforehand control at 30 cm to promote that pasture and water grow, then along with pasture and water growth adds deep water level gradually, April ~ May, mean depth of water was 50 ~ 80 centimetres;
3) water quality adjustment: pond keeps certain fertile degree by fertilising, prevent April and May moss grow in a large number, after crab kind enters pond, regularly splash the probiotics of improvement water quality in full pond, interval is 15 ~ 20 days;
4) pasture and water management: suitably remove in time when pasture and water are overstocked, carry out benefit when pasture and water are very few in time to plant, pasture and water are floated or rot to pick up in time, find to surface in the top of pasture and water and just cut stubble immediately to prevent from turning to be yellow bottom water grass and to reduce the insect pest of pasture and water, keep a close eye on the insect pest of pasture and water, when finding that insect pest appears in pasture and water, use the Avermectin of 1% to carry out prevention and control in the morning;
5) substrate regulation and control: normally producing season, the probiotics of 10 ~ 15 days full pool spilling head improvement substrates in interval once, when cultivation later stage pond bottom silt accumulation is more, water transparency is low, with quicklime 10 ~ 15g/m3ization water full pool spilling head, continuous use twice, 5 ~ 7 days intervals, period stops using probiotics.
2. a kind of pond according to claim 1 crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, it is characterized in that, in step a), little pond area is 30% ~ 35% of commodity crab cultivating pool area, and water-storage depth must reach more than 1.5 meters, smooth at the bottom of pond, the mud degree of depth 15 cm.
3. a kind of pond according to claim 1 crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, is characterized in that, in step b), the fertilizer after fermentation maturity 50 ~ 80 kilograms is executed in first every mu of pasture and water plantation.
4. a kind of pond according to claim 1 crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, it is characterized in that, before seedling is thrown in, first crab kind is soaked about 1 minute together with mesh bag in pond water in step c), mention and shelve 2 ~ 3 minutes, soak 1 minute again, then shelve 2 ~ 3 minutes, 2 ~ 3 times so repeatedly, again crab kind separately being put down to gently phytal zone or the more place of pasture and water, allowing it from being advanced into pond.
5. a kind of pond according to claim 1 crab kind cultivation method for enhancing, it is characterized in that, in step d) during feedstuff feeding, to throw something and feed before first time shell behind pond under crab kind the feed of crude protein 35% ~ 36%, to throw something and feed before second time shell the feed of crude protein 32% ~ 33%, feed fixed point is evenly thrown at shallow water without careless district, and every morning and dusk respectively throw something and feed 1 time, and feeding volume at dusk accounts for about 70% of feeding volume on the same day.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104957063A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-10-07 | 王秀青 | Ecological prevention method for moss in river crab main aquaculture pond |
| CN105075944A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 邱文娟 | Large-size-river-crab pond cultivation method |
| CN105123584A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 上海婉静纺织科技有限公司 | Breeding method for crabs |
| CN105830969A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | River crab culture method |
| CN105994074A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑美水产生态养殖专业合作社 | Hairy crab breeding method |
| CN106035155A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-26 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for improving fish low temperature tolerance |
| CN107396865A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽华亿农牧科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab |
| CN108552094A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-21 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of children's crab three-stage breeding method |
| CN112056250A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-11 | 金寨鑫隆水产养殖有限公司 | Crab breeding method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104957063A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-10-07 | 王秀青 | Ecological prevention method for moss in river crab main aquaculture pond |
| CN105075944A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 邱文娟 | Large-size-river-crab pond cultivation method |
| CN105123584A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 上海婉静纺织科技有限公司 | Breeding method for crabs |
| CN105830969A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | River crab culture method |
| CN106035155A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-26 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for improving fish low temperature tolerance |
| CN105994074A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑美水产生态养殖专业合作社 | Hairy crab breeding method |
| CN107396865A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽华亿农牧科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab |
| CN108552094A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-21 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of children's crab three-stage breeding method |
| CN112056250A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-11 | 金寨鑫隆水产养殖有限公司 | Crab breeding method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104273063B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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