CN104273063B - Pond crab strengthened breeding method - Google Patents
Pond crab strengthened breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104273063B CN104273063B CN201410506804.9A CN201410506804A CN104273063B CN 104273063 B CN104273063 B CN 104273063B CN 201410506804 A CN201410506804 A CN 201410506804A CN 104273063 B CN104273063 B CN 104273063B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pond crab strengthened breeding method. The method includes a, pond improvement and construction; b, preparatory work prior to stocking; c, juvenile crab placement; d, breeding management. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the juvenile crabs are bred in concentrated and strengthened manners, the physique is strengthened, and the survive rate after stocking is increased; the juvenile crabs are placed into a commercial crab breeding pond in the middle third of the May, a traditional placement time is avoided, the time for planting water plants in the pond is sufficient before the juvenile crabs are placed into the pond for breeding, and fine environment for middle and rear periodical molting and growth is provided for Chinese mitten crabs; the quality and quantity of the juvenile crabs stocked in the pond in May are grasped clearly, and the blindness of feed placement is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, it is related to a kind of method for breeding river crab, specifically to crab species in pond
Carry out the method to improve crab (commodity crab) cultivation survival rate for the reinforced cultivating.
Background technology
The main deficiency that existing crab (commodity crab) pond cultivation technology exists is: one is that seed source is complicated, matter
Amount is uneven, and seed body constitution is poor after long-distance transport, and after causing the lower pool, survival rate differs greatly；Two be raiser not
Know in pond, how many crab species survival, therefore bait feeding and production management has very big blindness on earth；Three is to plant
When planting pasture and water, crab species have descended the pool, and pasture and water just germinate and just eaten up by crab species, lead to pasture and water can not preferably grow it is impossible to be crab
Growth provides good ecological environment, is also just difficult to ensure that crab normally quickly grows.
Content of the invention
The present invention is the shortcoming solving prior art, provides one kind to carry out reinforced cultivating to improve business to crab species in pond
The method of product Eriocheir sinensiss cultivation survival rate.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing, including
Following steps:
A), the transformation in pond is clay loam with building pond soil property, slope than 1:2.5, pond ridge width 2.0～3.0
Rice, near water source, abundant water, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, enters pumping equipment complete in pond；
B), put front preparation in a suitable place to breed
1) clean up the pond sterilization: little pond, in sterilization of cleaning up the pond at the beginning of 11 months the previous years, first drains water, remove the excessive silt of at the bottom of pond
Mud, finishing pond side slope, then intake 10 centimetres, then hate killing little with 75,000 grams/acre of Lobsters that carry out disinfection and use of quick lime
Lobster, prevents Procambarus clarkii from entering pond and destroys pasture and water and the normal growth of impact crab species；
2) escaping-preventing facilities are built up: escaping-preventing facilities are built it is desirable to be buried in the earth 10～20 using calcium-plastic board or thick plastic sheeting
Centimetre, 50 cm above ground level, build up arc in Chi Jiaochu, outside timber or short bamboo pole are fixed；
3) pasture and water plantation: pond disinfection starts after 10 days to plant pasture and water, pasture and water are planted by the way of drilling, and kind is resistance to
The stronger waterweed of low temperature ability, cultivated area accounts for the 60%～70% of the pond gross area；
C), seed is thrown in
Throw in, in little pond, the crab species that specification is 100～300/kilogram, throwing in density is 4000～6000 before and after February
Only/mu, mid-April cage under little pond fishes for big specification crab species, according to necessarily close after the inferior seed in crab species is eliminated
Degree renders to commodity crab cultivating pool；
D), aquaculture management
1) feedstuff feeding: start feeding during more than 10 DEG C of water temperature, food species are crab special compound feed, feeding volume is
1%～5%, concrete feeding volume according to water quality, water temperature, weather, ingest, grow, shell situations such as suitably increase and decrease；
2) water level management: pond water level beforehand control 30 cm with promote pasture and water grow, then as pasture and water
Water level is gradually deepened in growth, and April～May mean depth is 50～80 centimetres；
3) water quality adjustment: the fertile degree that fertilising keeps certain is passed through in pond, prevents April and May moss from growing in a large number, crab species
After entering pond, periodically splash and improve the microbial ecological agent of water quality in full pond, and interval is 15～20 days；
4) pasture and water management: suitably removed in time when pasture and water are overstocked, carry out in time mending when pasture and water are very few planting, pasture and water float
Or rot to pick up in time, find to surface in the top of pasture and water and just cut stubble immediately to prevent water grass bottom to turn to be yellow and reduce pasture and water
Insect pest, keeps a close eye on the insect pest of pasture and water, finds that pasture and water the avilamycin using 1% in the morning during insect pest and carry out prevention and control；
5) substrate regulation and control: in normal production season, be spaced 10～15 days full pool spilling heads and improve the microbial ecological agent one of substrate
Secondary, when cultivation later stage pond bottom silt accumulation is more, water transparency is low, with quick lime 10～15g/m3ization water full pool spilling head, continuously make
With twice, 5～7 days intervals, period disables microbial ecological agent.
A kind of described pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing, in step a), little pond area is commodity crab cultivating pool area
30%～35%, water-storage depth must reach more than 1.5 meters, and at the bottom of pond is flat, mud depth 15 cm.
A kind of described pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing, in step b) pasture and water plantation before every mu apply fermented becoming thoroughly decomposed after
50～80 kilograms of fertilizer.
Crab species are first existed in step c) before seedling input by a kind of described pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing together with mesh bag
Soak 1 minute about in pond water, lift and shelve 2～3 minutes, then soak 1 minute, then shelve 2～3 minutes, so repeatedly 2
, allow it from being advanced into pond for～3 times, then crab species are separately put down to gently phytal zone or the more place of pasture and water.
A kind of described pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing, in step d) during feedstuff feeding, for the first time behind pond under crab species
Feed the feedstuff of crude protein 35%～36% before shell, before second shell, feed the feedstuff of crude protein 32%～33%, feedstuff pinpoints
Uniformly throw in shallow water Wu Cao area, every morning and dusk respectively feed 1 time, and the feeding volume of dusk accounts for the 70% about of same day feeding volume.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compare with existing crab pond breeding method, have the advantage that one is that crab species are led to
Cross concentration reinforced cultivating, enhance body constitution, improve the survival rate after putting in a suitable place to breed；Two is that early and middle ten dayses render to commodity to crab species in may
Eriocheir sinensiss cultivating pool, the throwing Seedling time having staggered traditional is it is ensured that before crab species do not proceed to big pond culture, there is abundance in big pond
Time plant pasture and water, be crab middle and late stage shell, growth provide good ecological environment；Three is clearly to know May in pond
Quality and quantity that part crab species are put in a suitable place to breed, it is to avoid the blindness of feedstuff feeding.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing, as a basic embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A), the transformation in pond and construction
Pond soil property is clay loam, slope than 1:2.5,2.0～3.0 meters of pond ridge width, pond is rectangle, length-width ratio
4:3, at the bottom of pond is smooth, available depth 1.5～2m, and pond primary condition is: pond is near water source, abundant water, the pure and fresh nothing of water quality
Pollution, it is complete to enter pumping equipment, and at the bottom of pond is equipped with microporous pipeline oxygen supplement facility, drains water, removes excessive mud and (stays silt
10cm), and freeze solarization 10 days, to aoxidize bottom Organic substance, after bleaching powder is dissolved completely, chlorinty is not less than 25%, Quan Chijun
Even splash, 25 kilograms of every mu of consumption.
B), put front preparation in a suitable place to breed
1) clean up the pond sterilization: little pond, in sterilization of cleaning up the pond at the beginning of 11 months the previous years, first drains water, remove the excessive silt of at the bottom of pond
Mud, finishing pond side slope, then intake 10 centimetres, then hate killing little with 75,000 grams/acre of Lobsters that carry out disinfection and use of quick lime
Lobster, prevents Procambarus clarkii from entering pond and destroys pasture and water and the normal growth of impact crab species.
2) escaping-preventing facilities are built up: escaping-preventing facilities are built it is desirable to be buried in the earth 10～20 using calcium-plastic board or thick plastic sheeting
Centimetre, 50 cm above ground level, build up arc in Chi Jiaochu, outside timber or short bamboo pole are fixed.
3) pasture and water plantation: pond disinfection starts after 10 days to plant pasture and water, pasture and water are water peanut and water caltrop, and pasture and water plantation adopts
The mode of drilling, kind is the stronger waterweed of low temperature tolerance ability, and cultivated area accounts for the 60%～70% of the pond gross area.
C), seed is thrown in
Throw in the crab species that specification is 100～300/kilogram before and after the beginning of February, thrown by early feeding, different growth phases
Feed the technical measures such as different bait, water quality adjustment and substrate regulation and control, allow crab species at least to slough off the reinforced cultivating phase of 3 months about
Skin 2 times, specification reach 15～30 grams/only, early and middle ten dayses catch out the big specification crab species in little pond according to certain close in may
Degree renders to commodity crab cultivating pool.
D), aquaculture management
1) feedstuff feeding: start feeding during more than 10 DEG C of water temperature, food species are crab special compound feed, feeding volume is
1%～5%, concrete feeding volume according to water quality, water temperature, weather, ingest, grow, shell situations such as suitably increase and decrease, feed albumen daily
Content 36% pellet and greenfeed, twice daily, account for and feed the 40% of total amount day in the morning, accounts for 60% at dusk.
2) water level management: pond water level beforehand control 30 cm with promote pasture and water grow, then as pasture and water
Water level is gradually deepened in growth, and April～May mean depth is 50～80 centimetres.
3) water quality adjustment: the fertile degree that fertilising keeps certain is passed through in pond, prevents April and May moss from growing in a large number, crab species
After entering pond, periodically splash and improve the microbial ecological agent of water quality in full pond, and interval is 15～20 days.
4) pasture and water management: suitably removed in time when pasture and water are overstocked, carry out in time mending when pasture and water are very few planting, pasture and water float
Or rot to pick up in time, find to surface in the top of pasture and water and just cut stubble immediately to prevent water grass bottom to turn to be yellow and reduce pasture and water
Insect pest, keeps a close eye on the insect pest of pasture and water, finds that pasture and water the avilamycin using 1% in the morning during insect pest and carry out prevention and control.
5) substrate regulation and control: in normal production season, be spaced 10～15 days full pool spilling heads and improve the microbial ecological agent one of substrate
Secondary, when cultivation later stage pond bottom silt accumulation is more, water transparency is low, with quick lime 10～15g/m3ization water full pool spilling head, continuously make
With twice, 5～7 days intervals, period disables microbial ecological agent.
Embodiment two
It is further embodiment, from unlike embodiment one, little pond area is commodity crab cultivating pool area
30%～35%, water-storage depth must reach more than 1.5 meters, and at the bottom of pond is flat, mud depth 15 cm.
Embodiment three
It is further embodiment, from unlike embodiment one, before pasture and water plantation in step b), apply fermented corruption for every mu
50～80 kilograms of fertilizer after ripe.
Example IV
Further embodiment, and unlike embodiment one, in step c) before seedling input first by crab species together with
Mesh bag soaks 1 minute about in pond water, lifts and shelves 2～3 minutes, then soaks 1 minute, then shelves 2～3 minutes, so
, allow it from being advanced into pond for 2～3 times repeatedly, then crab species are separately put down to gently phytal zone or the more place of pasture and water.
Embodiment five
It is further embodiment, and unlike embodiment one, in step d) during feedstuff feeding, behind pond under crab species
Feed the feedstuff of crude protein 35%～36% before shell, before second shell, feed the feedstuff of crude protein 32%～33%, feedstuff
Fixed point is uniformly thrown in shallow water Wu Cao area, and every morning and dusk respectively feed 1 time, and the feeding volume of dusk accounts for the 70% of same day feeding volume
Left and right.
Above-described embodiment only principle of the illustrative present invention and its effect, and the embodiment that part is used, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, can also make some deformation and
Improve, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A), the transformation in pond and construction
Pond soil property is clay loam, slope than 1:2.5,2.0～3.0 meters of pond ridge width, pond near water source, abundant water,
Water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, enters pumping equipment complete；Wherein little pond area is the 30%～35% of commodity crab cultivating pool area,
Water-storage depth must reach more than 1.5 meters, and at the bottom of pond is flat, mud depth 15 cm；
B), put front preparation in a suitable place to breed
1) clean up the pond sterilization: little pond is cleaned up the pond sterilization in the previous year the beginning of November, first drains water, removes the excessive mud of at the bottom of pond,
Finishing pond side slope, then intake 10 centimetres, then hated with 75,000 grams/acre of Lobsters that carry out disinfection and use of quick lime and kill little dragon
Shrimp, prevents Procambarus clarkii from entering pond and destroys pasture and water and the normal growth of impact crab species；
2) escaping-preventing facilities are built up: escaping-preventing facilities are built it is desirable to be buried in the earth 10～20 centimetres using calcium-plastic board or thick plastic sheeting,
50 cm above ground level, build up arc in Chi Jiaochu, and outside timber or short bamboo pole are fixed；
3) pasture and water plantation: pond disinfection starts after 10 days to plant pasture and water, pasture and water are planted by the way of drilling, and kind is low temperature resistant
The stronger waterweed of ability, cultivated area accounts for the 60%～70% of the pond gross area；Fermented becoming thoroughly decomposed is applied for every mu before pasture and water plantation
50～80 kilograms of fertilizer afterwards；
C), seed is thrown in
Before and after February little pond throw in specification be 100～300/kilogram crab species, throw in density be 4000～6000/
Mu, mid-April cage under little pond fishes for big specification crab species, according to certain density after the inferior seed in crab species is eliminated
Render to commodity crab cultivating pool；
D), aquaculture management
1) feedstuff feeding: start feeding during more than 10 DEG C of water temperature, food species are crab special compound feed, feeding volume is 1%
～5%, concrete feeding volume according to water quality, water temperature, weather, ingest, grow, shell suitably increases and decreases；
2) water level management: pond water level beforehand control 30 cm with promote pasture and water grow, then as pasture and water growth
Gradually deepen water level, April～May mean depth is 50～80 centimetres；
3) water quality adjustment: the fertile degree that fertilising keeps certain is passed through in pond, prevents April And May moss from growing in a large number, crab species enter
Behind pond, periodically splash and improve the microbial ecological agent of water quality in full pond, and interval is 15～20 days；
4) pasture and water management: suitably removed in time when pasture and water are overstocked, carry out in time mending when pasture and water are very few planting, pasture and water float or rotten
Rotten pick up in time, find pasture and water top surface just cut immediately stubble with prevent water grass bottom turn to be yellow and reduce the worm of pasture and water
Evil, keeps a close eye on the insect pest of pasture and water, finds that pasture and water the avilamycin using 1% in the morning during insect pest and carry out prevention and control；
5) substrate regulation and control: in normal production season, be spaced the microbial ecological agent of 10～15 days full pool spilling head improvement substrates once, support
When growing that later stage pond bottom silt accumulation is more, water transparency is low, with quick lime 10～15g/m3Change water full pool spilling head, continuously using two
Secondary, 5～7 days intervals, period disables microbial ecological agent.
2. a kind of pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that throw in seedling in step c)
First crab species are soaked 1 minute about together with mesh bag in pond water before putting, lift and shelve 2～3 minutes, then soak 1 minute, then put
Put 2～3 minutes, allow it from advancing so repeatedly for 2～3 times, then crab species are separately put down to gently phytal zone or the more place of pasture and water
Enter pond.
3. a kind of pond crab species cultivation method for enhancing according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that feedstuff feeding in step d)
When, feed the feedstuff of crude protein 35%～36% behind pond under crab species before first time shell, before second shell, feed crude protein
32%～33% feedstuff, feedstuff fixed point is uniformly thrown in shallow water Wu Cao area, and every morning and dusk respectively feed 1 time, the throwing of dusk
The amount of feeding accounts for the 70% about of same day feeding volume.
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| CN201410506804.9A CN104273063B (en) | 2014-09-28 | 2014-09-28 | Pond crab strengthened breeding method |
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| CN104273063B true CN104273063B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
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| CN104957063B (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2018-09-18 | 王秀青 | River crab master supports the ecological prevention method of pond moss |
| CN105075944A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 邱文娟 | Large-size-river-crab pond cultivation method |
| CN105123584A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 上海婉静纺织科技有限公司 | Breeding method for crabs |
| CN105830969A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | River crab culture method |
| CN106035155B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-09-28 | 上海海洋大学 | The method for improving fish tolerance low temperature ability |
| CN105994074A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑美水产生态养殖专业合作社 | Hairy crab breeding method |
| CN107396865A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽华亿农牧科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab |
| CN108552094A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-21 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of children's crab three-stage breeding method |
| CN112056250A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-11 | 金寨鑫隆水产养殖有限公司 | Crab breeding method |
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