CN103609497B - Method for breeding ecological finless eels by using rice fields - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating rice field eels, in particular to a method for cultivating ecological rice field eels. The method includes setting up a breeding pond and cultivating insects, setting an escape net and setting an insect cultivating platform in the cultivating pond, and for cultivating insects in early March, the dung and surface soil on the insect cultivating platform are first turned over, and at the same time, fish After diluting with amino acid fertilizer and water paste, sprinkle the water surface, and put water earthworm species on the insect cultivation platform; in April, the water earthworms on the insect cultivation platform reproduce and lay eggs, and the fertilizer water in the pool also attracts insects to lay aquatic plants when laying eggs in the water; After the laying of aquatic plants is completed, choose sunny days to release eel seedlings; every 7-10 days, dilute with amino acid fertilizer water ointment and spray on the insect cultivation platform; after entering July, mince fresh fish with a meat grinder, and then go to the evening to carry out Feed. The breeding cost of the method is low, and the breeding method is simple and feasible; a wild-like living environment is created for the rice field eel, and high-quality ecological rice field eels can be cultivated with no difference in appearance and meat quality from wild rice field eels.

Description

A method of cultivating ecological field eels using paddy fields

technical field

The invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating rice field eels, in particular to a method for cultivating ecological rice field eels.

Background technique

Eels belong to the order Synbranchidae, the Synbranchidae, and the genus Eel. Also known as eel, squid, Luo eel, snake fish, white eel, blood eel, common fish. There are two kinds of distribution in our country, one is the common rice field eel, and the other is the mountain rice field eel which is only distributed in Longchuan County, Yunnan Province at present, and not distributed in other parts of the country. Therefore, the rice field eels we generally breed artificially are common quality rice field eels, which look like snakes, but have no scales, and have two types of skin color: green and yellow. The big ones are two or three feet long. Field eels are generally active in spring, summer and autumn, and hide in caves in November and December. Eel is a valuable edible fish in the East, and rice field eel has high nutritional value. According to American experimental research data, regular intake of lecithin can improve memory by 20%. Therefore, eating eel meat has the effect of nourishing the brain and keeping fit. The special substance "salmonin" contained in it has the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, cooling blood and relieving pain, dispelling wind and reducing swelling, moistening intestines to stop bleeding, strengthening the spleen, etc., can lower blood sugar and regulate blood sugar, and has good treatment for hemorrhoids and diabetes Effect, together with containing very little fat, so it is an ideal food for diabetics. Eel contains a surprisingly high amount of vitamin A. Vitamin A can improve vision and promote the metabolism of the skin membrane. Every 100 grams of eel meat contains 17.2-18.8 grams of protein, 0.9-1.2 grams of fat, 38 mg of calcium, 150 mg of phosphorus, and 1.6 mg of iron; in addition, it also contains sulfur Amine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (vitamin PP), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and other vitamins. It is because eels have high food value, so in recent years, with the decrease of wild eels, artificial breeding of eels has gradually developed. At present, farmers generally adopt the method of erecting net cages in fish ponds to breed rice field eels. Small net cages with an area of 4-6 square meters generally produce 25-50 kg of eels. This kind of rice field eel, which is fattened by feeding a large amount of high-protein artificial feed in a high-density state, is not comparable to the wild rice field eel in terms of appearance or meat quality. The market sales price per kilogram is also about 10 yuan lower than that of wild eels.

Contents of the invention

Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-quality method for cultivating ecological rice field eels with low breeding cost, ecological breeding, no difference in appearance and meat quality from wild rice field eels.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A method for cultivating ecological field eels in a paddy field, including setting a breeding pond and cultivating insects. The setting of the cultivating pond refers to setting an escape net and an insect cultivating platform in the cultivating pond, and the cultivating pond is selected to be set in a flat rice field , The soil is cohesive soil, the water storage is more than 50 cm, the terrain is relatively open, the sunlight is sufficient, and the water source is relatively convenient, so that water can be replenished in time when the water level of the paddy field drops. The width of the anti-escape net is 1.5 meters, the mesh is 6-10 mesh, and the material is high-quality polyethylene mesh.

The setting of the anti-escape net is as follows: first dig a 30 cm buried net ditch beside the paddy field, bury one end of the anti-escape net into the soil, and at the same time drive piles with wooden sticks or bamboo poles along the edge of the field. The pile height is 1.2 meters, and two piles The distance between them is about 5 meters. Pull the iron wire on the top of the pile and fix the wire to each pile, then fix the other end of the mesh cloth to the wire with a thin wire or a special cable tie, and sew each piece of the anti-escape net with thread. The anti-escape net buried in this way not only has the function of preventing escape, but also prevents the eels from digging holes in the surrounding field ridges, which is more convenient for the adult eels to be caught after the breeding period expires.

The insect training platform is set in the paddy field. At least one insect training platform is arranged in each rice field. The insect training platform is rectangular, and the width of each insect training platform is 2-3 meters. The area is about 10% of the paddy field area. The soil for the Peichong platform is piled up to 10 cm high, and then soil ridges are set around the platform, and the soil ridge is 10 cm high. Before cultivating the insect-cultivating platform, usually in February, put 5 cm thick straw on the insect-cultivating platform. The straw can be corn stalks, rape stalks, straw or wheat straw, and then spread about 5 cm thick on the straw. The decomposed livestock and poultry manure of 1 cm, the livestock and poultry manure can be chicken manure, pig manure or cow manure, and then cover a thin layer of soil on the manure. Taiwan shall prevail.

Breeding includes the following steps:

Putting the seedlings In the first ten days of March, first use a nail rake to turn the manure and surface soil on the insect training platform, and at the same time use the amino acid fertilizer water paste for fish to dilute it with water and sprinkle it on the water surface. After two days of standing, put it on the insect training platform For water worm species, the dosage per square meter is 1kg; the amino acid fertilizer paste for fish can be diluted with water, and 10kg of amino acid fertilizer paste for fish can be splashed on each mu of water surface.

Laying of aquatic plants In April, the water earthworms on the insect training platform began to breed and lay eggs, and the fertile water in the pool also attracted a large number of chironomids and other insects to lay eggs in the water. At this time, aquatic plants can be laid; the aquatic plants in the ecological breeding eel pond mainly For water hyacinth, the method of laying aquatic plants is as follows: use bamboo or PVC plastic pipes to make a plastic frame with a length of 2 meters and a width of 1 meter, arrange the plastic frame along both sides of the insect training platform, and fix it with piles, and place the aquatic plant water hyacinth Lay it into the frame so it won't be blown away by the wind.

Putting in eel seedlings After the laying of aquatic plants is completed, choose continuous sunny days to put in eel seedlings, each eel seedling weighs 20-40g, and put in 180-220kg per mu.

Maintenance of the insect training platform Every 7-10 days, dilute the amino acid fertilizer and water paste with water and spray the insect cultivation platform, using 100g of amino acid fertilizer and water ointment per square meter.

Feeding fresh fish meat paste After entering July, with the growth of eels, the worms in the pond alone can hardly meet the food intake of rice field eels. For feeding, considering the economic value, usually fresh silver carp can be used; the general feeding amount is 5%-10% of the weight of eel seedlings.

Water quality management Keep the transparency of the water body at 10-15 cm throughout the breeding period, that is, the visibility in the water is 10-15 cm.

In November, when the water temperature drops to around 15°C, the farmed eels can be harvested and temporarily stored in cages for sale at any time. The harvesting method is as follows: remove part of the aquatic plants (water hyacinth) in the paddy field, then deepen the pool water as much as possible, "force" the rice field eel into the water grass bushes, use the mesh to extend in from the water, lift the surrounding water plants and the rice field eels and Pick up the grass together, and pick out the aquatic plants to get the eel.

Amino acid fertilizer and water paste for fish is a commercially available product, and products produced by Qingdao Jinkang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. can be used. It is rich in nutritional factors, amino acids, calcium salts and crude protein required for the growth of fine single-celled algae, and can quickly and effectively cultivate fine algae. Water color, and can maintain excellent water color for a long time, to achieve the effect of fat, tender and refreshed, nourishing water; it contains 9 kinds of amino acids similar to the amino acids of animals, and plankton, fish, shrimp, crab, ginseng, shellfish and abalone can be directly absorbed and utilized without transformation; fertilizer effect Long-lasting: After application, it can continuously release organic nutrients, promote the continuous division and reproduction of harmful algae such as diatoms and green algae, keep the biomass of algae within a suitable range for a long time, and establish long-term good water color; it can inhibit the growth of moss.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) The cost of breeding is low, and the breeding method is simple and feasible;

(2) Create a wild-like living environment for rice field eels, by cultivating live bait (chironomus larvae, water earthworms, dragonfly larvae, etc.) The cultivated rice field eels can completely ingest natural bait, and high-quality ecological rice field eels can be cultivated with no difference in appearance and meat quality from wild rice field eels.

(3) Create greater economic benefits for farmers.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The given embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention extends to any new features or any new combinations disclosed in this specification, as well as any disclosed A new method or step of a process or any new combination.

Example 1:

In 2012, at the base of the Special Aquaculture Association in Jianyang City, Sichuan Province, a total of 3,335 square meters of paddy fields were used to carry out ecological eel farming. The breeding ponds were selected to be set up in flat paddy fields. Where the light is sufficient and the water source is relatively convenient, the width of the escape net is set to 1.5 meters, the mesh is 8 mesh, and the material is made of high-quality polyethylene mesh.

The setting of the anti-escape net is as follows: first dig a 30 cm buried net ditch beside the paddy field, bury one end of the anti-escape net into the soil, and at the same time drive piles with wooden sticks or bamboo poles along the edge of the field. The pile height is 1.2 meters, and two piles The distance between them is about 5 meters. Pull the iron wire on the top of the pile and fix the wire to each pile, then fix the other end of the mesh cloth to the wire with a thin wire or a special cable tie, and sew each piece of the anti-escape net with thread.

The insect training platform is set in the paddy field, and 4 insect training platforms are set up in the rice field. The insect training platform is rectangular, and the width of each platform is 3 meters. The soil ridge is set around, and the height of the soil ridge is 10 cm. Before cultivating the insect-cultivating platform, in February, first put 5 cm thick straw on the insect-cultivating platform, the straw is corn stalks, and then spread decomposed livestock and poultry manure about 5 cm thick on the straw. The manure can be chicken manure, pig manure or cow manure, and then cover the manure with a thin layer of soil. After the insect training platform is set up, add water for soaking.

Then start the insect cultivation step:

Putting the seedlings In the first ten days of March, first use a nail rake to turn the manure and surface soil on the insect training platform, and at the same time use the amino acid fertilizer water paste for fish to dilute it with water and sprinkle it on the water surface. After two days of standing, put it on the insect training platform For water worm species, the dosage per square meter is 1kg; the amino acid fertilizer paste for fish can be diluted with water, and 10kg of amino acid fertilizer paste for fish can be splashed on each mu of water surface.

Laying of aquatic plants Entering April, the water earthworms on the insect training platform began to breed and lay eggs, and the fertile water in the pool also attracted a large number of chironomids and other insects to lay eggs in the water. At this time, aquatic plants began to be laid; For water hyacinth, the method of laying aquatic plants is as follows: use bamboo or PVC plastic pipes to make a plastic frame with a length of 2 meters and a width of 1 meter, arrange the plastic frame along both sides of the insect training platform, and fix it with piles, and place the aquatic plant water hyacinth Lay into the frame.

Putting in eel seedlings After the laying of aquatic plants is completed, choose continuous sunny days to put in eel seedlings, each eel seedling weighs 20-40g, and put in 200kg per mu, and a total of 1000kg of eel seedlings are put in the paddy field.

Maintenance of the training platform Every 8 days, spray the training platform with amino acid fertilizer water ointment or diluted with water, and use 100g of amino acid fertilizer water ointment per square meter;

Feeding fresh fish meat paste After entering July, with the growth of eels, the worms in the pond alone can hardly meet the food intake of rice field eels. For feeding, considering the economic value, usually fresh silver carp can be used; the general feeding amount is 5%-10% of the weight of eel seedlings.

Water quality management Keep the transparency of the water body at about 12 cm throughout the breeding period.

In November, when the water temperature drops to around 15°C, the farmed eels can be harvested and temporarily stored in cages for sale at any time. The harvesting method is as follows: remove part of the aquatic plants (water hyacinth) in the paddy field, then deepen the pool water as much as possible, "force" the rice field eel into the water grass bushes, use the mesh to extend in from the water, lift the surrounding water plants and the rice field eels and Pick up the grass together, and pick out the aquatic plants to get the eel. After autumn, 4356 kg of eels were harvested. The quality of the eel has passed the quality inspection, and its nutritional value is similar to that of the wild eel. However, the average cost of farming the eel obtained from this ecological culture is 16 yuan per kilogram, which is 22 yuan/kg compared with the cost of general cage culture. Compared with the general cage culture, the cost of breeding is reduced by 27%; the sales price reaches 96 yuan/kg, which is about 70 yuan/kg compared with the general culture of rice field eel, and the selling price is increased by 37%. For every 667 square meters, compared with the traditional eel farming, the breeding benefit is increased by 21,478 yuan.

Example 2:

In 2013, the Tudangdang Ecological Field Eel Breeding Professional Cooperative in Jianyang City, Sichuan Province used a total of 13,340 square meters of paddy fields to carry out ecological field eel farming. They chose to set up the breeding ponds in flat rice fields. In places where the terrain is relatively open, the light is sufficient, and the water source is relatively convenient, the width of the escape net is set to 1.5 meters, the mesh is 8 mesh, and the material is made of high-quality polyethylene mesh.

The setting of the anti-escape net is as follows: first dig a 30 cm buried net ditch beside the paddy field, bury one end of the anti-escape net into the soil, and at the same time drive piles with wooden sticks or bamboo poles along the edge of the field. The pile height is 1.2 meters, and two piles The distance between them is about 5 meters. Pull the iron wire on the top of the pile and fix the wire to each pile, then fix the other end of the mesh cloth to the wire with a thin wire or a special cable tie, and sew each piece of the anti-escape net with thread.

The insect training platform is set in the rice field. There are 16 insect training platforms in the rice field. The insect training platform is rectangular, and the width of each platform is 3 meters. The soil ridge is set around, and the height of the soil ridge is 10 cm. Before cultivating the insect-cultivating platform, in February, first put 5 cm thick straw on the insect-cultivating platform, the straw is corn stalks, and then spread decomposed livestock and poultry manure about 5 cm thick on the straw. The manure can be chicken manure, pig manure or cow manure, and then cover the manure with a thin layer of soil. After the insect training platform is set up, add water for soaking.

Then start the insect cultivation step:

Putting the seedlings In the first ten days of March, first use a rake to turn the manure and surface soil on the insect training platform, and at the same time use the amino acid fertilizer water paste for fish to dilute with water and then sprinkle it on the water surface. After two days of standing, put it on the insect training platform Throw in water earthworm species, the amount per square meter is 1kg; the amino acid fertilizer paste for fish can be diluted with water, and 10kg of amino acid fertilizer paste for fish can be splashed on every mu of water surface.

Laying of aquatic plants Entering April, the water earthworms on the insect training platform began to breed and lay eggs, and the fertile water in the pool also attracted a large number of chironomids and other insects to lay eggs in the water. At this time, aquatic plants began to be laid; For water hyacinth, the method of laying aquatic plants is as follows: use bamboo or PVC plastic pipes to make a plastic frame with a length of 2 meters and a width of 1 meter, arrange the plastic frame along both sides of the insect training platform, and fix it with piles, and place the aquatic plant water hyacinth Lay into the frame.

Putting in eel seedlings After the laying of aquatic plants is completed, choose continuous sunny days to put in eel seedlings, each eel seedling weighs 20-40g, and put in 200kg per mu, and a total of 4000kg of eel seedlings are put in the paddy field.

Maintenance of the insect training platform Every 8 days, dilute the amino acid fertilizer and water paste with water and spray the insect cultivation platform, using 100g of amino acid fertilizer and water ointment per square meter;

Feeding fresh fish meat paste After entering July, with the growth of eels, the worms in the pond alone can hardly meet the food intake of rice field eels. For feeding, considering the economic value, usually fresh silver carp can be used; the general feeding amount is 5%-10% of the weight of eel seedlings.

Water quality management Keep the transparency of the water body at about 12 cm throughout the breeding period.

In November, when the water temperature drops to around 15°C, the farmed eels can be harvested and temporarily stored in cages for sale at any time. The harvesting method is as follows: remove part of the aquatic plants (water hyacinth) in the paddy field, then deepen the pool water as much as possible, "force" the rice field eel into the water grass bushes, use the mesh to extend in from the water, lift the surrounding water plants and the rice field eels and Pick up the grass together, and pick out the aquatic plants to get the eel. 11,300 kg of adult eels were harvested after autumn. The quality of the eel has passed the quality inspection, and its nutritional value is similar to that of the wild eel. However, the average cost of farming the eel obtained from this ecological culture is 16 yuan per kilogram, which is 22 yuan/kg compared with the cost of general cage culture. Compared with the general net cage culture, the cost of breeding is reduced by 27%; the sales price reaches 96 yuan/kg, which is about 70 yuan/kg compared with the general cultured eel, and the selling price is increased by 37%. For every 667 square meters compared with the traditional eel farming, the breeding benefit is increased by 34,017 yuan.

Claims (7)

1. a method for using paddy fields to cultivate ecological swamp eels, is characterized in that: comprise arranging culture pool and cultivating worm, described setting culture pond refers to setting anti-escape net and setting training worm platform in culture pond, and cultivating worm comprises following step: Putting the seed worms In the first ten days of March, first turn the manure and surface soil on the worm training platform, and at the same time use the amino acid fertilizer water ointment for fish to dilute it with water and then sprinkle it on the water surface. After standing for two days, put water earthworms on the worm training platform kind; Laying of aquatic plants In April, the water earthworms on the insect training platform reproduce and lay eggs, and the fertilizer water in the pool also attracts insects to lay eggs in the water when laying aquatic plants; Putting eel seedlings After the aquatic plants are laid, choose continuous sunny days to put eel seedlings; Maintenance of the insect training platform Every 7-10 days, dilute the amino acid fertilizer with water and spray the insect training platform; Feeding of fresh fish meat paste After entering July, grind the fresh fish with a meat grinder, and then feed them in the evening; Water quality management Keep the transparency of the water body at 10-15 cm throughout the breeding period; the insect training platform is set in the rice field, and the width of each insect training platform is 2-3 meters, and the length is determined according to the area of the rice field. The total area of the rice field is 10% of the paddy field area, and the soil for cultivating worms is piled up to 10 centimeters high, and then soil ridges are set around the platform, and the soil ridges are 10 centimeters high; Put 5 cm thick straw on the straw, then spread decomposed livestock and poultry manure about 5 cm thick on the straw, and then cover a thin layer of soil on the manure. Pei Chong Taiwan shall prevail. 2. The method for cultivating ecological swamp eels in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aquaculture pool is set in a flat paddy field, the soil quality is sticky soil, and the water storage is more than 50 centimeters. 3. The method for cultivating ecological eels in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the escape prevention net is 1.5 meters, the mesh is 6-10 mesh, and the material is polyethylene mesh. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the setting of the anti-escape net is as follows: first dig a 30 cm buried net ditch at the side of the paddy field, and bury one end of the anti-escape net. into the soil, and at the same time drive piles with wooden sticks or bamboo poles along the edge of the field. The height of the piles is 1.2 meters, and the distance between the two piles is 5 meters. Pull the iron wire on the top of the pile to fix it on each pile, and then fix the other end of the mesh cloth to the iron wire with a thin iron wire, and sew each piece of anti-escape net with thread. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the amino acid fertilizer and water paste for fish is diluted with water and sprinkled on the water surface, and 10kg of the amino acid fertilizer and water paste for fish is sprinkled on every mu of water surface. 6. The method for cultivating ecological eels in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for laying aquatic plants is: use bamboo or PVC plastic pipes to make a frame with a length of 2 meters and a width of 1 meter, and place the frame along the The two sides of the insect training platform are lined up, and piles are fixed, and the aquatic plants are laid in the frame. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method for cultivating ecological eels in paddy fields is characterized in that the standard for feeding eel seedlings is: each eel seedling weighs 20-40g, and 180-220kg is thrown in per mu.