CN113994921A

CN113994921A - Ecological breeding method for Thailand rana rugulosa in rice field

Info

Publication number: CN113994921A
Application number: CN202111252309.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱振伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-10-26
Filing date: 2021-10-26
Publication date: 2022-02-01

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and provides an ecological breeding method for Thailand tiger frog in rice field, which establishes an ecological three-dimensional breeding mode of 'regenerated rice-tiger frog-Chinese rice river snail-loach', and forms a symbiotic mutual benefit relationship by utilizing various biological characteristics and a substance circulation principle. The rice field provides an excellent habitat and rich natural bait organisms for the tiger frog, does not occupy agricultural cultivated land, and the bred tiger frog is compact in meat quality and delicious in meat taste; the Thailand rana rugulosa can prey on insects, has a biological control effect on rice plant diseases and insect pests, and the excrement of the Thailand rana rugulosa can also improve the fertility of the rice field and improve the soil activity, and chemical fertilizers and pesticides are not used in the rice field in the planting process; the Chinese river snail and the loach are mixedly cultured, and the dead frog is ingested, so that the food safety is ensured. Through the deep ploughing planting mode of paddy-upland rotation, the soil cultivation quality is improved, the soil activity is improved, the plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, vegetables are sowed in idle fields, the utilization rate of the land is improved, and greater economic benefits are created.

Description

Ecological breeding method for Thailand rana rugulosa in rice field

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an ecological breeding method for hybrid-cultured Thailand tiger frogs in rice fields.

Background

The tiger frog is commonly called 'Tianji' and 'water chicken', the Thailand tiger frog is mainly bred at present, and part of native tiger frog also belongs to two varieties which are similar in appearance but different. The large-area artificial breeding of the tiger frogs in China started from 1995, and the first tiger frogs are Chinese of south China as the book Hainan, and are introduced from Thailand into Hainan, so the tiger frogs are habitually called Thailand tiger frogs. Then the breeding area is gradually enlarged to Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang and Jiangsu. Since 1995, Hainan province is the most important breeding area in China, the scale of the Rana rugulosa in Hainan province in 2000 reaches the peak value, the yield is 6 ten thousand tons, and the yield accounts for more than 85% of the total amount of China. Later, the diseases of the high-density breeding mode of the tiger frog in Hainan province are increasingly serious, the breeding scale is also rapidly shrunk, and the yield is reduced to only 0.15 ten thousand tons in 2004. The reason for the above-mentioned reduction is that: although high yield can be achieved to a certain extent by a high-density culture mode, the morbidity and mortality of the rana rugulosa are high due to high culture density, poor water quality and the like. Generally speaking, the current pain points of the domestic tiger frog breeding industry include: (1) and (4) environmental protection. Because the culture density is high, the feeding amount is large, the tail water of the culture does not meet the discharge standard, and if the tail water is directly discharged, the environment is easily polluted; if the water environment standard is reached after treatment, the culture cost is greatly increased. (2) Occupying cultivated land. The intensive culture method occupies a large amount of farmland cultivated land. (3) Food safety problem. The problems of high disease, drug abuse and the like generally exist in the existing rana rugulosa breeding mode, the bred adult rana rugulosa has poor meat quality and taste, and the hidden danger of drug residue in the rana rugulosa body is possible.

Chinese patent application No.: 201410343412.5 discloses a symbiotic high-yield planting and breeding process for rice, tiger frog and soft-shelled turtle in organic rice field, which fully exerts and utilizes the pollution-free ecological function of organic rice field without occupying extra land resources, adopts the design concept of breeding tiger frog and soft-shelled turtle in field and returning the breeding to nature, and establishes a breeding management mode integrating rice planting, tiger frog and soft-shelled turtle mixed breeding by applying the ecological principle. In the breeding method, the density of the tiger-stripe frogs is 1000 heads per mu, the bait feeding amount is 10kg per mu per week, the density of the soft-shelled turtles is 200 heads per mu, and the bait feeding amount is 20kg per mu per week. The invention adopts a low-density breeding mode, although the tiger frog and the turtle can not be ill basically, the acre yield of the tiger frog is too low, and only reaches 270 kg/mu, so that the high benefit desire of artificial breeding of the tiger frog is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, aiming at the defects of the prior art pointed out above, the invention provides an ecological breeding method for hybrid-breeding Thailand rana rugulosa in rice fields.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an ecological breeding method for Thailand tiger frog in rice field comprises the following steps:

(1) cultivating Tiger-line frog seedlings in a seedling training pool, controlling the temperature of the seedling training pool by adopting a greenhouse, arranging insect-proof nets around the seedling training pool, using frog pads at the bottom, keeping the pool clean, and feeding special feed for the frogs to ensure that the frog seedlings adapt to a feeding mode that granular static feed is eaten, wherein the tiger-line frog can be fed into a rice field when growing to 20-30 g/head;

(2) the part which is quiet, convenient for water intake and drainage, pollution-free in water quality and convenient for management is selected as a breeding rice field;

(3) before rice is planted, weeds are dried by ploughing through secondary rotary tillage, no herbicide is used, an organic fertilizer is applied, and pesticides and chemical fertilizers are not used in the early stage and the growth period of the rice;

(4) arranging a feed table in the middle of the rice field, paving grass-prevention cloth on the feed table, wherein the width of the feed table is 70-80cm, the height of the feed table is 25-30cm, 20-30cm is reserved on two sides of the feed table, the distance between the feed table and the ridges of the rice field on two sides is 320-350cm, and the depth of the field control water level is 5-10 cm;

(5) a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the rice field, nylon escape-proof purse nets are arranged around the ridges, and the purse nets are slightly inclined towards the inside of the rice field to prevent the escape;

(6) selecting healthy and active Thai tiger frog, Chinese river snail and loach fries, and putting the selected healthy and active Thai tiger frog fries, Chinese river snail and loach fries into a rice field according to a certain breeding density, wherein the Thai tiger frog fries are 20-25 g/head, the Chinese river snail fries are 5-10 g/head, and the loach fries are 3-7 g/tail;

(7) in order to prevent the Thailand tiger frog, the river snail and the loach from being invaded by birds, a nylon bird-proof net is covered above the rice field;

(8) putting the special feed for the frogs on a feed table twice a day in the morning and evening, wherein the feeding of the feed needs to be fixed in point, fixed in quality and fixed in quantity;

(9) the water for rice field irrigation and cultivation flows into the tail water absorption pool through the water outlet, the tail water absorption pool contains duckweed which can purify water, and the water becomes clear after being treated by the tail water absorption pool and can be introduced into the rice field again or irrigate other crops;

(10) harvesting after the first season rice is mature, keeping the height of the pile to be 25-28cm, and capturing adult Thailand tiger frog the next day after harvesting;

(11) after the rice stake grows for 6-10 days, putting Thailand rana nigromaculata seedlings into the rice field again, wherein the individual number of the Thailand rana nigromaculata seedlings is 25-30 g/head, and repeating the feeding mode in the step (8);

(12) harvesting the mature ratooning rice, and capturing adult Thailand tiger frog, Chinese river snail and loach;

(13) deep ploughing the field, sowing vegetables on the field until the vegetables are ripe, and harvesting.

The further improvement is that: the area of the breeding rice field is 50-200 square meters.

The further improvement is that: the planting distance of the rice is 28cm multiplied by 28cm, and seedlings with 2 grains are inserted into each hole.

The further improvement is that: the putting density of Thai tiger stripe frog fries is 12 per square meter, the putting density of Chinese river snail fries is 15g per square meter, and the putting density of loach fries is 75g per square meter.

The further improvement is that: and (6) the seedling throwing time is one week after the first field baking of the rice is finished.

The further improvement is that: one or more of river snail, loach, crucian carp and carp can be intercropped in the tail water absorption pool.

The further improvement is that: and an insect attracting lamp is hung above the feed table and is started at night to attract and kill phototaxis insects.

The further improvement is that: the vegetables are season-responsive vegetables planted in winter.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the giant spiny frog belongs to amphibians, likes to live in wetlands with rich water sources, and establishes a 'rice-giant spiny frog' ecological three-dimensional breeding mode, on one hand, the ecological environment shaded by rice field shallow water level and rice plants is utilized to provide an excellent inhabitation environment for the giant spiny frog, a large amount of farmland cultivated land does not need to be occupied independently, meanwhile, frogs are natural enemies of rice field pests, and the rice field can provide rich natural bait organisms for the giant spiny frog. On the other hand, the tiger frog can feed back to the rice field, so that the occurrence probability of rice diseases and insect pests can be reduced, and the input amount of pesticides can be reduced; in addition, the feed residues and the excrement contain a large amount of organic substances, and can provide organic nutrients for rice, improve soil activity, play a role in fertilizing fields and reduce the using amount of chemical fertilizers. The rice field is similar to a small ecological system, wherein the tiger frogs and the rice are interdependent and synergistically promoted, the cost investment in the aspects of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is reduced when the tiger frogs are cultured in the rice field, the economic benefit of the rice field is increased, the survival rate of the cultured adult tiger frogs is high and can reach more than 85%, fresh and live baits such as static granular feed and pests are taken as the baits, the meat quality is tighter, and the meat taste is more delicious. The invention selectively plants the ratoon rice, after the first season rice is harvested, the rice stake is used for sprouting again, the ear is grown, and then the rice is harvested for one season, thereby increasing the yield of the rice. The secondary culture of the tiger frogs is realized while the yield of the rice is increased, and the annual output value of the tiger frogs is greatly improved.

In addition, the pond culture method has the advantages that the pond culture method can cultivate the river snail and the loach in the rice field, can ingest dead frogs to play a role of 'scavenger', and solves the problems of high disease incidence, drug abuse and the like commonly existing in the existing intensive culture mode. The river snail can purify water quality, avoid parasite/germ infection and pollution, and provide a healthy water quality environment for the tiger frog, especially young frogs with poor resistance. The excrement of the loaches can also be used as the fertilizer for the rice, the loaches frequently move in the rice field, the soil is loosened, soil hardening is prevented, meanwhile, decomposition of the fertilizer is accelerated, and absorption of the rice root system to nutrients is promoted.

With the harvest of the ratooning rice and the capture and sale of the tiger frog, the Chinese round river snail and the loach in the rice field, the land is left unused. Through the deep ploughing planting mode of paddy-upland rotation, improved the soil and ploughed the quality, improve soil activity, reduce the plant diseases and insect pests, at 15 idle interior seeding vegetables in the field, through the reasonable rotation planting of rice and vegetables, can realize: (1) the nutrients in the soil are utilized in a balanced manner, excessive consumption of certain nutrients after planting for many years is avoided, and the fertility of the soil is reduced. (2) Reduce the occurrence probability of soil-borne diseases and insect pests of crops. (3) Improve soil texture. (4) The utilization rate of the land is improved, and greater economic benefit is generated. The field soil after the tiger frog is cultivated is fertile, the fertilizing amount is obviously reduced when the vegetables are planted, even the fertilizers can not be applied, and the planting cost is greatly reduced.

The average yield per mu of the tiger frog in the rice field is 1500kg per time, the tiger frog is cultivated twice a year, the average annual yield per mu is 3000kg, the average annual yield is 48000 yuan calculated according to the market wholesale price of 16 yuan/kg, the cultivation cost is deducted from 15000 yuan, and the net income is 33000 yuan. The average annual output per mu of the Chinese river snails is 300kg, the average annual output value is 2400 yuan calculated according to the market wholesale price of 8 yuan/kg, the cultivation cost is 600 yuan is deducted, and the net income is 1800 yuan. The average annual output of the loaches per mu is 30kg, the average annual output value is 1800 Yuan according to the market wholesale price of 60 Yuan/kg, the culture cost is deducted by 270 Yuan, and the net income is 1530 Yuan. The average annual output of the vegetables is 2000kg per mu by taking mustard as an example, the average annual output value is 3200 yuan according to the market price of 1.6 yuan/kg, the planting cost is reduced by 900 yuan, and the net income is 2300 yuan.

The invention firstly introduces water into the rice field for irrigation and cultivation, and realizes the first-level utilization of the water. The water that the paddy field used is rich in a large amount of nutrient substances, flows into the tail water absorption pond through the export of paddy field, has realized the reutilization of water, and the concrete expression is in: the duckweed can absorb various required nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like from water through roots or fronds to propagate in a large quantity, and can also promote the degradation of organic pollutants, and the duckweed is also a natural bait for the growth of various fishes. The sewage becomes clear again through the purification and sedimentation effects of the duckweed, can be introduced into the rice field again or irrigate other crops, and the tertiary utilization of water is realized.

The feeding table is arranged, so that the tiger-stripe frogs can be guaranteed to obtain sufficient food. If the feed is directly thrown into the paddy field, the tiger frogs may not eat the feed and sink to the water bottom, and the feed is difficult to be found; in addition, the tiger frog does not like to eat the soaked feed for a long time.

Through long-term tests and statistical analysis, the following rules were found: (1) the distance between the feed table and the paddy field ridges on the two sides needs to be controlled within 3.5m, and when the distance is exceeded, young frogs are difficult to climb on the feed table to feed. (2) The traditional rice planting distance is generally 18cm multiplied by 20cm, 1 grain seedling is inserted into each hole, planting is carried out according to the parameters, the yield per mu is within 420kg of wet grains, and the yield per mu is within 300kg of dry grains. The applicant finds that the planting distance of the rice is set to be 28cm multiplied by 28cm, seedlings with 2 grains are inserted into each hole, under the same management condition, the yield per mu is more than 600kg of wet grains, and the yield per mu is more than 460kg of dry grains.

The breeding density of the giant spiny frog is higher, the yield of the giant spiny frog is improved, and the problems of high disease, drug abuse and the like commonly existing in the existing intensive breeding mode are solved by breeding the giant spiny frog and the loach in the rice field, and the giant spiny frog can not be attacked basically.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a nursery pond according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cultivated rice field in the examples;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a feed table in an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tail water absorption tank in the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the growth of rice in examples;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the growth of lotus in the examples;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the growth of mustard in the examples.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.

Unless otherwise indicated, the techniques employed in the examples are conventional and well known to those skilled in the art, and the reagents and products employed are also commercially available. The source, trade name and if necessary the constituents of the reagents used are indicated at the first appearance.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, an ecological breeding method of Thailand rana rugulosa in rice paddy field comprises the following steps:

(1) in 3 months, cultivating Thai rana rugulosa frogs in a fry training pool, wherein the fry training pool is 250cm wide and unlimited in length, the fry training pool is 350cm long in the embodiment, the fry training pool is controlled in temperature by a greenhouse, insect-proof nets are arranged around the fry training pool, the bottom of the fry training pool is padded with frogs, the pool is kept clean, special frogs are fed, the frogs adapt to a feeding mode that granular static feed is eaten, and the rana rugulosa can be fed into a paddy field after growing to 20-30 g/head;

(2) the method is characterized in that the rice field is cultivated in a quiet place, the water is convenient to enter and drain, the water quality is pollution-free, and the management is convenient, wherein the area of the rice field is 200 square meters;

the planting distance of the rice is 28cm multiplied by 28cm, and 2 grains of seedlings are inserted into each hole;

(4) arranging a feed table in the middle of the rice field, paving grass prevention cloth on the feed table, reserving 30cm at two sides of the feed table, keeping the distance between the feed table and the ridges of the rice field at two sides of the feed table at 320cm, and controlling the water level depth of the field to be 5 cm;

an insect attracting lamp is hung above the feed table and is started at night to attract and kill phototaxis insects;

the seedling throwing time is one week after the first rice field baking, the throwing density of Thailand tiger frog seedlings is 12 per square meter, the throwing density of Chinese river snail seedlings is 15g per square meter, and the throwing density of loach seedlings is 75g per square meter;

(7) in order to prevent the Thailand tiger frog, the river snail and the loach from being invaded by birds, a nylon bird-proof net is covered above the rice field, and the height is 250 cm;

(9) the water for rice field irrigation and cultivation flows into the tail water absorption pool through the water outlet, the tail water absorption pool is provided with duckweeds, Chinese river snails, loaches and carps, the duckweeds can purify the water, the water becomes clear after being treated by the tail water absorption pool and flows into the lotus pool, and the growth of lotus and water caltrops is promoted;

(10) harvesting the first season rice in 7 months after the first season rice is mature, keeping the height of the pile to be 25-28cm, and capturing adult Thailand tiger frog the next day after harvesting;

(11) after the rice stake grows for 6 days, putting Thailand rana nigromaculata seedlings into the rice field again, wherein the individual number of the Thailand rana nigromaculata seedlings is 25-30 g/head, and repeating the feeding mode in the step (8);

(13) deep ploughing the field, sowing leaf mustard on the field until the leaf mustard is mature, and then harvesting.

According to the technical scheme of the invention, large-scale cultivation is carried out on a ten-party town fresh south village in Wuping county, Longyan city, a Ping Zhou city, and a Ping Luxi town Xiugu village in Zhangzhou city, the cultivation test base of the embodiment is a ten-party town fresh south village in Wuping county, Longyan city, and the test results are as follows: the wet grain yield per mu is 611kg, the dry grain yield per mu is 489kg, the Thailand tiger frog yield per mu is 3056kg, the Cipangopaludina chinensis yield per mu is 315kg, the loach yield per mu is 30kg, and the mustard yield per mu is 2103 kg.

Patent application No.: 201410343412.5, the survival rate of the giant knotweed frogs cannot be effectively improved, and the benefit of the giant knotweed frogs per mu is difficult to improve, which is shown in the following concrete points: (1) only 1000 tiger frogs are put in each mu, and the frog manure generated by the tiger frogs in the quantity hardly meets the nutrient requirement of the whole production cycle of the rice; (2) the tiger frog feeds live animal baits (fly maggots and earthworms), which are unstable in bait source and are not beneficial to large-area popularization; (3) the individual difference is large, the tiger frogs have big eating habits, the number of the tiger frogs is reduced continuously, in addition, the tiger frogs are easy to be invaded by birds, bird-proof nets are not covered above the rice field, the tiger frogs are caught by aigret, and the like, and the survival rate of the tiger frogs is hard to reach more than 90 percent by combining the factors.

The width of the feed table is within 70-80cm, and the technical effect can be achieved. Similarly, the height of the feed table is within the range of 25-30cm, the distance between the feed table and the paddy field ridges on the two sides is controlled within the range of 320-350cm, and the field water level depth is controlled within the range of 5-10 cm.

The above description is only an embodiment utilizing the technical content of the present disclosure, and any modification and variation made by those skilled in the art can be covered by the claims of the present disclosure, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed.

Claims

1. An ecological breeding method for Thailand tiger frog in paddy field, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

2. The ecological breeding method of Thai rana rugulosa in rice paddy fields, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the area of the breeding rice field is 50-200 square meters.

3. The ecological breeding method of Thai rana rugulosa in rice paddy fields, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the planting distance of the rice is 28cm multiplied by 28cm, and seedlings with 2 grains are inserted into each hole.

4. The ecological breeding method of Thai rana rugulosa in rice paddy fields, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and (6) putting the Thailand tiger stripe frog larvae at a density of 12 larvae per square meter, putting the Chinese river snail larvae at a density of 15g per square meter, and putting the loach larvae at a density of 75g per square meter.

5. The ecological breeding method of Thai rana rugulosa in rice paddy fields, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and (6) the seedling throwing time is one week after the first field baking of the rice is finished.

6. The ecological breeding method of Thai rana rugulosa in rice paddy fields, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: one or more of river snail, loach, crucian carp and carp can be intercropped in the tail water absorption pool.

7. The ecological breeding method of Thai rana rugulosa in rice paddy fields, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and an insect attracting lamp is hung above the feed table and is started at night to attract and kill phototaxis insects.

8. The ecological breeding method of Thai rana rugulosa in rice paddy fields, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the vegetables are season-responsive vegetables planted in winter.