CN102369906A - Ecological paddy-field soft-shelled turtle culture method - Google Patents
Ecological paddy-field soft-shelled turtle culture method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological paddy-field soft-shelled turtle culture method, which comprises the steps of paddy field selection and preparation, soft-shelled turtle fry stocking, feeding and daily management and common soft-shelled turtle disease prevention and control. During the paddy field selection and preparation, a paddy field which is in a low-lying terrain, has a good water source condition and smooth water flow and is convenient to drain and irrigate is required; a soft-shelled turtle trench is excavated in the paddy field, the upper width of the soft-shelled turtle trench is 3m, the bottom width and the depth of the soft-shelled turtle trench are 1.5m, the length of the soft-shelled turtle trench is determined according to the area of the paddy field and the length is preferably to account for approximately 20 percent of the total area of the paddy field; and a sand beach is built in the center of the paddy field, the length of the sand beach is 5m, the width of the sand beach is 1m and the sand beach is 0.8m higher than normal water level. The invention provides an ecological three-dimensional rice planting and soft-shelled turtle culture technical operation line, which is mainly based on rice planting and takes soft-shelled turtle culture as auxiliary. On one hand, the paddy field provides a good place for the growth of the soft-shelled turtles. On the other hand, the excrement of the soft-shelled turtles and food debris are used as organic fertilizers for rice. When the rice absorbs the fertilizers and grows, an effect of purifying an impoundment is taken, the soft-shelled turtles can loose soil in the paddy field and catch injurious insects, the quality of the soft-shelled turtles is effectively improved and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of paddy rice plantation and culturing turtle technical field, the soft-shelled turtle method is supported in particularly a kind of environmental rice field.
Background technology
Soft-shelled turtle is the group's of crying pin or soft-shelled turtle again, and delicious meat is nutritious, and crust and blood are the raw materials of pharmacy, and economic worth is high, and at home and abroad market is popular.Soft-shelled turtle body ovalize; Male body is grown and is approached, and female body is round and thick.Its happiness is perched in the more environment of silts such as the river of quietness small stream, mountain stream, pond, is main with animal bait, and like fish, shrimp, spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water etc., vegetal bait is auxilliary, and like corn, wheat bran, pachyrhizus leaf etc., the bait of young soft-shelled turtle is good with earthworm.Soft-shelled turtle has hibernation habit, and water temperature slips into the silt hibernation when being lower than 12 ℃, on the temperature, gets out the silt activity when rising to more than 15 ℃.
Support at present the soft-shelled turtle method and mainly contain that put in a suitable place to breed naturally on the outer pool and the foster fast soft-shelled turtle in greenhouse.The advantage that put in a suitable place to breed naturally on the outer pool is that being of high nutritive value of soft-shelled turtle, the market price are high, but shortcoming is that the cycle is longer, and it is low to bring benefits.The advantage that soft-shelled turtle is supported in the greenhouse is that the cycle is short, produces fast, and its shortcoming is being of low nutritive value of soft-shelled turtle, and meat taste is bad, and commercial value is bigger with the market conditions fluctuation.In recent years, through soil circulation, transform in the rice field, and aquatic products peasant household combines local resources, finds out a kind of not only ecological but also kind cultural method that can increase the benefit, increase income becomes main flow trend.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of organic cultivation that has realized soft-shelled turtle, rice for the deficiency that solves above-mentioned technology; Soft-shelled turtle, rice quality have effectively been improved; Reach the organic farm products standard, can be applicable to generally that the soft-shelled turtle method is supported in the environmental rice field of the large-scale production of China south China, the foster soft-shelled turtle in rice field, the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, the soft-shelled turtle method is supported in a kind of environmental rice field provided by the invention, comprises that rice field selection and preparation, soft-shelled turtle seedling are put in a suitable place to breed, raising and daily management and carry out the control of common diseases of soft-shelled turtle, it is characterized in that adopting following steps:
(1) rice field is selected and prepared: attentively important and influential persons is more low-lying, and water condition is good, and current are unobstructed, and irrigation and drainage are convenient; Rice field excavation soft-shelled turtle ditch, wide 3 meters on the soft-shelled turtle ditch, bottom width, dark 1.5 meters, length determines according to rice field area, accounts for about 20% of the rice field gross area and is advisable; Tanaka entreats and builds sandy beach, a place, and long 5 meters, wide 1 meter, exceed 0.8 meter of normal water level;
(2) input of soft-shelled turtle seedling and raising: ordinary circumstance, put above soft-shelled turtle in 2 ages in a suitable place to breed, be advisable for every mu 500～800; If prepare the young soft-shelled turtle of breeding, then every mu can place close soft-shelled turtle in 50～60 5 ages, and female-male proportion is 2: 1 or 3: 2; Support the soft-shelled turtle rice field and can put a small amount of big specification silver carp kind in a suitable place to breed, to purify water; The feed of throwing something and feeding will be accomplished regularly, location, quantitative; Every day, feeding volume was 8%～12% of its body weight, divided the morning, afternoon to throw something and feed for twice;
(3) daily management: suitably control water level, the general depth of water should be grasped between 15 centimetres～20 centimetres; The anti-anti-evil of escaping be should often note in the management of rice field, antitheft, the anti-poisoning are also noted that; In order to prevent to poison, support the soft-shelled turtle rice field and do not want applying pesticides;
(4) control of common diseases of soft-shelled turtle: like red neck disease disease, putrid skin disease, Leucoplakia, tired branch parasitosis, and to the sick concrete prevention and treatment method of above-mentioned several kinds of soft-shelled turtles.
The present invention is the basis with basic paddy field, transforms in conjunction with the living environment of soft-shelled turtle, plant one season paddy rice, cover is supported the soft-shelled turtle of some simultaneously, in the basic quality and the economic benefit that can improve soft-shelled turtle when guaranteeing grain yield again.Following steps are mainly passed through in the enforcement of this technical scheme: the rice field is selected and is transformed, and rationally grasps soft-shelled turtle seedling stocking rate, and science is raised, and strengthens daily management, carries out the control of common diseases of soft-shelled turtle.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the mode of supporting soft-shelled turtle, the symbiosis of rice soft-shelled turtle through the rice field, on the one hand, the rice field is that the growth of soft-shelled turtle provides good place, and soft-shelled turtle is movable, it is big to ingest, shine back of the body scope, grow fast, rate of body weight gain is high; The excreta of soft-shelled turtle class and food debris are as the organic manure of paddy rice on the other hand; When paddy rice absorbs the fertilizer growth, played the effect that purifies the rice field, soft-shelled turtle can be the rice field chesson again and catch pests, and does not throw in chemicals and fertilizer in the overall process; Thereby realized the organic cultivation of soft-shelled turtle, rice; Effectively improve soft-shelled turtle, rice quality, reached the organic farm products standard, improved economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the paddy field generalized section.
Fig. 2 is the paddy field floor map.
The practical implementation method
Embodiment 1:
The soft-shelled turtle method is supported in a kind of environmental rice field that present embodiment provides, and comprises that rice field selection and preparation, soft-shelled turtle seedling are put in a suitable place to breed, raising and daily management and carry out the control of common diseases of soft-shelled turtle, and concrete steps are following:
One, the rice field is selected and is prepared
1. the rice field is selected
Support the soft-shelled turtle rice field and should be convenient to nurse, as waiting behind the house before the room from the nearer field piece in dwelling.Attentively important and influential persons is more low-lying simultaneously, and water condition is good, and current are unobstructed, and irrigation and drainage are convenient.
2. the anti-facility of escaping is set
The characteristic that the useful four limbs of soft-shelled turtle are burrowed and climbed, the therefore anti-construction of escaping facility is the important step that soft-shelled turtle is supported in the rice field.Should build 50-55 above ground level centimetre enclosure wall with materials such as fragment of brick, cement plate, planks on every side in the rice field of choosing; The edge is pressed at the top; In stretch 15-20 centimetre (seeing that Figure of description 1-1.), enclosure wall should be smeared smoothly with pressing along inwall, and do into discharge outlet and the anti-facility of escaping well.
3. transform in the rice field
Build up anti-escape wall and advance discharge outlet after, should in the rice field, excavate the soft-shelled turtle ditch, the bar ditch replacement on limit, also available field.The soft-shelled turtle ditch is the place of feed and soft-shelled turtle hibernation of throwing something and feeding.Wide 2.5-3.5 rice on the general soft-shelled turtle ditch, bottom width, dark 1.2-1.8 rice (seeing that Figure of description 1-is 2.), physical length determines according to rice field area, generally accounts for about the 15-25% of the rice field gross area.A place or sandy beach, many places can be built according to the area size in the Tanaka centre, and be used with the solarization back of the body for close soft-shelled turtle egg reproduction, is generally the north-south, long 4-6 rice, and wide 1-1.5 rice exceeds normal water level 0.6-0.8 rice (seeing that Figure of description 1-is 3.).
Two, rationally grasp soft-shelled turtle seedling stocking rate
The rice field is supported soft-shelled turtle and will rationally be put in a suitable place to breed according to condition, grasps breeding density.Cross rare waste water surface, overstockedly then influence growing of soft-shelled turtle.Rule of thumb, ordinary circumstance is put above soft-shelled turtle in 2 ages in a suitable place to breed, is advisable for every mu 550～750.If prepare the young soft-shelled turtle of breeding, then every mu can place close soft-shelled turtle in 55～65 5 ages, and female-male proportion is 2: 1 or 3: 2.Support the soft-shelled turtle rice field and can put a small amount of big specification silver carp kind in a suitable place to breed, to purify water.
Three, science is raised
1 age～2 soft-shelled turtle in age individuality is less, and the fresh manufactured feed that bait is processed with aquatic insect, tadpole, small fish, shrimp, water earthworm Yin, fish offal material etc. is main.3 ages above soft-shelled turtle to sting the food ability stronger, can spiral shell, the fresh and alive shellfish of band shells such as Corbicula fluminea, freshwater mussel is staple food, vegetable feeds such as the soybean of suitably throwing something and feeding, corn, the artifical compound feed of also can throwing something and feeding.The feed of throwing something and feeding will be accomplished regularly, location, quantitative.Every day, feeding volume was 8%～12% of its body weight, divided the morning, afternoon to throw something and feed for twice.
Four, strengthen daily management
1. water quality management
Water quality and water temperature are very big to the influence of growing of soft-shelled turtle, note observing water colour, analyze water quality, and the new water of often annotating is suitably controlled water level, and the general depth of water should be grasped between 15 centimetres～30 centimetres.Also will regulate water temperature, high temperature season under the situation that does not influence paddy growth, can suitably be deepened the rice field water level.
2. prevent escaping anti-evil
Except water quality, should often note the anti-anti-evil of escaping in the management of rice field, be also noted that antitheft, the anti-poisoning.Soft-shelled turtle is supported in the rice field, and is stolen easily, should have the special messenger to be responsible for nurse.In order to prevent to poison, support the soft-shelled turtle rice field and do not want applying pesticides.
Five, carry out the control of common diseases of soft-shelled turtle
1. red neck disease is sick
Punctation appears in the belly that this sick principal character is a soft-shelled turtle, throat and neck swelling, and the muscle oedema is slow in action.Mouth, nosebleed when serious, inflammatory bowel is rotten to the corn, and whole body is red and swollen, and the eyes muddiness is turned white and lost one's sight, and is dead soon.
Prevent and treat method: (1) keeps water cleaning.(2) admix bait feeding with antibiotic such as terramycin, aureomycin, chloramphenicol or sulfa drugs.
2. putrid skin disease
This disease mainly be by soft-shelled turtle wrestle each other bite or mechanical damage after, due to the bacterial infection.Naked eyes can see that the skin of locating in soft-shelled turtle four limbs, neck, afterbody, shirt rim etc. is corrupt, rotten to the corn downright bad, form ulcer.When serious, the skin of soft-shelled turtle four limbs rots, and pawl also comes off, and bone exposes, and the muscle of neck and bone also expose outside, festers in the shirt rim.
Prevent and treat method: (1) keeps the Chi Shui cleaning.(2) dense stocking rationally, the matter of throwing something and feeding is good, the bait of amount foot.(3) embathe the disease soft-shelled turtle with 10ppm sulfa drugs or antibiotic.
3. Leucoplakia
Hickie is located to occur in the four limbs of soft-shelled turtle, shirt rim etc., makes epidermis downright bad, produces part ulcer.
Prevent and treat method: (1) is thoroughly cleaned up the pond, is sterilized with quicklime, makes Chi Shui often keep peak green.(2) the 10ppm bleaching powder soaks the disease soft-shelled turtle, or adds the control of sodium bicarbonate mixture full pool spilling head with salt.
4. tired branch parasitosis
Be visible to the naked eye and locate to appear the white hair of cluster bunch to the four limbs of soft-shelled turtle, the back of the body, plastron, neck etc.When Chi Shui was green, because cytoplasm and the handle of polypide are dyed green, visible sick soft-shelled turtle health also was green.
Prevent and treat method: embathe with Eusol, or embathe with saline solution.
Claims (1)
1. the soft-shelled turtle method is supported in an environmental rice field, comprises that rice field selection and preparation, soft-shelled turtle seedling are put in a suitable place to breed, raising and daily management and carry out the control of common diseases of soft-shelled turtle, it is characterized in that adopting following steps:
(1) rice field is selected and prepared: attentively important and influential persons is more low-lying, and water condition is good, and current are unobstructed, and irrigation and drainage are convenient; Rice field excavation soft-shelled turtle ditch, wide 3 meters on the soft-shelled turtle ditch, bottom width, dark 1.5 meters, length determines according to rice field area, accounts for about 20% of the rice field gross area and is advisable; Tanaka entreats and builds sandy beach, a place, and long 5 meters, wide 1 meter, exceed 0.8 meter of normal water level;
(2) input of soft-shelled turtle seedling and raising: ordinary circumstance, put above soft-shelled turtle in 2 ages in a suitable place to breed, be advisable for every mu 500～800; If prepare the young soft-shelled turtle of breeding, then every mu can place close soft-shelled turtle in 50～60 5 ages, and female-male proportion is 2: 1 or 3: 2; Support the soft-shelled turtle rice field and can put a small amount of big specification silver carp kind in a suitable place to breed, to purify water; The feed of throwing something and feeding will be accomplished regularly, location, quantitative; Every day, feeding volume was 8%～12% of its body weight, divided the morning, afternoon to throw something and feed for twice;
(3) daily management: suitably control water level, the general depth of water should be grasped between 15 centimetres～20 centimetres; The anti-anti-evil of escaping be should often note in the management of rice field, antitheft, the anti-poisoning are also noted that; In order to prevent to poison, support the soft-shelled turtle rice field and do not want applying pesticides;
(4) control of common diseases of soft-shelled turtle: like red neck disease disease, putrid skin disease, Leucoplakia, tired branch parasitosis, and to the sick concrete prevention and treatment method of above-mentioned several kinds of soft-shelled turtles.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102308774A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-01-11 | 苏芹 | Method for cultivating ecological turtles in rice field |
| CN103027008A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-10 | 湖南农业大学 | Rice field ditch integrated ecological high-value rice and soft-shelled turtle planting and breeding method |
| CN103202253A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-17 | 浙江清溪鳖业有限公司 | Soft-shelled turtle and rice mutualistic breeding and planting method |
| CN104082241A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-08 | 胡宏处 | Rice field soft-shelled turtle ecologically breeding method |
| CN104957093A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市鑫鳌水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for culturing turtles in rice field |
| CN105532521A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | Soft-shelled turtle/ water fennel stereo ecological planting and breeding method |
| CN106234100A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-21 | 贵州山至金生态农业有限公司 | The set breeding method of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann and Misgurni anguillicaudati in rice terrace |
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| CN102308774A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-01-11 | 苏芹 | Method for cultivating ecological turtles in rice field |
| CN103027008A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-10 | 湖南农业大学 | Rice field ditch integrated ecological high-value rice and soft-shelled turtle planting and breeding method |
| CN103202253A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-17 | 浙江清溪鳖业有限公司 | Soft-shelled turtle and rice mutualistic breeding and planting method |
| CN104082241A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-08 | 胡宏处 | Rice field soft-shelled turtle ecologically breeding method |
| CN104957093A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市鑫鳌水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for culturing turtles in rice field |
| CN105532521B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-08-07 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | A kind of soft-shelled turtle/Chinese celery stereo ecological breeding method |
| CN105532521A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | Soft-shelled turtle/ water fennel stereo ecological planting and breeding method |
| CN106386663A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 梧州市景泰养鳖专业合作社 | Soft-shelled turtle pond capable of growing rice |
| CN106386306A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 陈冬林 | Rice and soft-shelled turtle mixing planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income |
| CN106234100A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-21 | 贵州山至金生态农业有限公司 | The set breeding method of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann and Misgurni anguillicaudati in rice terrace |
| CN106417174A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 贵州山至金生态农业有限公司 | Ecological Breeding Method of Rice Turtle |
| CN106508542A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-22 | 黄江龙 | Ecological rice and turtle symbiotic aquaculture system |
| CN112586443A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 南县泽水居农业有限公司 | Isolation system for breeding soft-shelled turtles in rice field |
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