CN112021215A - Rice field breeding method suitable for perccottus glehni in alpine region - Google Patents
Rice field breeding method suitable for perccottus glehni in alpine region Download PDFInfo
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- CN112021215A CN112021215A CN202010913559.9A CN202010913559A CN112021215A CN 112021215 A CN112021215 A CN 112021215A CN 202010913559 A CN202010913559 A CN 202010913559A CN 112021215 A CN112021215 A CN 112021215A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a paddy field breeding method suitable for perccottus glehni in alpine regions, and relates to a paddy field fish culture method. The method aims to solve the technical problem that the existing method for culturing fish in the rice field cannot meet the culture requirement of the rice field in the alpine region. The method comprises the following steps: arranging fish pits, or fish pits and fish ditches in the rice field, planting aquatic plants in the fish pits for throwing artificial fish nests, firstly throwing fermented chicken manure rich water into the fish pits after rice field transplanting, then throwing fish seeds, and supplementing bait every 30 days after the fish seeds are thrown; after the rice field is harvested, raising the water level of the rice field to 18-22 cm above the soil plane, controlling the water level to 10-20 cm above the soil plane of the rice field before overwintering, and before the rice field is iced and sealed, putting fresh and live baits into the fish pits; keeping the ice surface of the fish pits and the fish ditches transparent in the wintering period, and after thawing in the second year, throwing the bait again and fishing the bait before turning the field of the rice field. Compared with the method of fishing and selling before freezing, the method has the advantages that the total economic benefit is improved by 40-50%, and the method can be used in the field of paddy field cultivation in alpine regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for culturing fish in a rice field.
Background
Perccottus glehni (Perccottus glehni) belongs to the family Odontobutidae, the genus of Peronottus, commonly known as "Largehead fish". The fish has the commodity characteristics of tender meat, delicious taste, unique mouthfeel, few muscle thorns and the like, the consumption demand is increasing day by day, and the fish becomes a characteristic culture object with great potential.
China has a long history of fish culture in rice fields and is the earliest country in the world for developing fish culture in rice fields. After years of practice, the comprehensive planting and breeding technology for the rice field achieves remarkable effect. The general comprehensive planting and raising method for rice field includes throwing fry while transplanting rice, growing rice and fry synchronously and harvesting adult fish while harvesting rice and drying in the sun. The method is suitable for regions with good weather conditions, and alpine regions, such as Heilongjiang and the like, are limited by accumulated temperature conditions, have shorter growth period and lower effective accumulated temperature, and the method is adopted to carry out cultivation in a mode of rice field transplanting, fish seed feeding, rice harvesting and field drying and capturing in the alpine regions, so that the fish fry has short growth period and less weight increment, the fish fry of the perccottus glehnii with the weight of about 10g is fed, the average weight of the fish does not exceed 20g when the fish is harvested, the fish value of about 20g is low, and the economic benefit is poor. At present, the method utilizes the long idle period of a rice field in the alpine region in the north to breed the economical fishes under ice, further prolongs the breeding period and achieves the purposes of quality improvement and efficiency improvement, and belongs to the technical blank. A new mode suitable for paddy field cultivation in the alpine region is urgently needed to be developed, and a comprehensive planting and breeding efficiency-increasing mode for paddy and fishery in the alpine region is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rice field culture method suitable for perccottus glehni in alpine regions, aiming at solving the technical problem that the existing rice field fish culture method cannot meet the culture requirements of rice fields in alpine regions.
The invention discloses a paddy field breeding method of perccottus glehni in alpine regions, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging fish pits in a rice field, or arranging fish pits and fish ditches in the rice field;
secondly, planting aquatic plants in each fish pit for throwing the artificial fish nests, wherein the number of the artificial fish nests in each fish pit is 2-4;
thirdly, adding fermented chicken manure rich water into the fish pits 10-20 days after rice field transplanting, then selecting the fish species of the perccottus glehni with the weight of 10-20 g, wherein the input amount of the fish species per square meter of the fish pits is 0.3-0.6 kg, and the input amount of the fish species per mu of the rice field is 13-17 kg; supplementing the bait every 30 days after the fish seeds are added;
fourthly, immediately raising the water level of the rice field to a position 18-22 cm above the soil level of the rice field after harvesting the rice field;
fifthly, controlling the water level of the rice field to be 10-20 cm above the soil level of the rice field before overwintering;
sixthly, before the paddy field is frozen and sealed, putting fresh and live baits into the fish pits for one time;
seventhly, keeping ice surfaces of the fish pits and the fish ditches transparent in the wintering period;
eighthly, after thawing in the second year, adding bait into the fish pits once, and fishing the grown fish before turning over the field in the rice field.
Furthermore, when only fish pits are arranged in the rice field in the step one, the depth of each fish pit is 0.9-1.8 m; the total area of all the fish pits accounts for 4 to 7 percent of the area of the rice field;
further, when the fish pits and the fish ditches are simultaneously arranged in the rice field in the step one; wherein the depth of the fish pit is 0.9-1.1 m; the depth of the fish ditch is 0.4-0.6 m, and the width is 0.4-0.6 m; the total area of the fish pits and the fish ditches accounts for 6 to 8 percent of the area of the rice field;
furthermore, in the second step, the aquatic plant is reed or cattail;
furthermore, in the third step, the bait is nematode or palatable low-price fry;
furthermore, in the sixth step, the fresh and live baits are snakes or palatable trash fishes and shrimps;
further, in the step eight, the bait is palatable and cheap fry;
furthermore, in the third step, the adding amount of the bait is calculated according to 2-4% of the mass of the fish seeds;
furthermore, in the sixth step, the adding amount of the fresh and live baits is calculated according to 10-14% of the mass of the fish seeds;
furthermore, in the step eight, the adding amount of the bait is calculated according to 10-15% of the mass of the fish seeds;
according to the invention, by utilizing the biological characteristics of low activity and high hypoxia resistance of the perccottus glehni which likes to inhabit shady and cool places, the fish pits are arranged, and the area of the fish ditch is greatly reduced, even the fish ditch is not arranged, so that the effective rice field transplanting area is increased by more than 3%, the construction cost is reduced to the greatest extent, and the damage to the rice field is reduced. By utilizing the biological characteristic that the growth and ingestion starting point temperature of the perccottus glehni is low, the ice surface with a certain thickness is used as a protective layer, so that the activity of the perccottus glehni still can be kept in the water body at the lower part of the ice surface, the ice-sealing period of a ditch of a rice field is successfully passed, the cultivation time of the perccottus glehni in the rice field is effectively prolonged, the long idle period in winter of the rice field in northern alpine regions is effectively used, compared with the catching and selling before freezing ice in the prior art, the total economic benefit is improved by 40-50%, and the purpose of improving the economic benefit is achieved.
The invention can be used in the field of paddy field cultivation in alpine regions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a paddy fish pit arrangement of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of fish wells and fish ditches in the paddy field of example 2;
in the figure, 1 is a paddy field, 2 is a fish pit, and 3 is a fish ditch.
Detailed Description
The following examples are used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
example 1: (see figure 1) the method for breeding the perccottus glehni in the paddy field in the alpine region comprises the following steps:
first, the Bohai sea ballast in Dongning city of Black Dragon and Jiang province has a length of 60m, a width of 30m and an area of 1800m 23 rectangular fish pits with the length of 20m and the width of 2m are arranged in the rice field in parallel, the depth of each fish pit is 1.5m, and the area is 40m2(ii) a The total area of the 3 fish pits accounts for 6.7 percent of the area of the rice field;
secondly, transplanting reeds clustered into each fish pit for throwing artificial fish nests, wherein the throwing quantity of the artificial fish nests in each fish pit is 4; the fish nest can provide an effective sheltering place for the perccottus glehni;
thirdly, 15 days after rice field transplanting, adding fermented chicken manure rich water into the fish pits, then selecting 45.6kg of healthy disease-free and strong-mobility perccottus glehni fish seeds with 3000 tails in total, the weight of 10-20 g, the average weight of 15.2g, and adding 15.2kg of fermented chicken manure rich water into each fish pit; supplementing the nematodes as baits every 30 days after the fish seeds are added; the amount of nematode bait added into each fish pit every time is 0.5 kg;
fourthly, immediately raising the water level of the rice field to a position 20cm above the soil level of the rice field after the rice field is harvested;
fifthly, controlling the water level of the rice field to a position 12cm above the soil level of the rice field before overwintering;
sixthly, before the paddy field is frozen and sealed, 1.8 kg of fresh and alive small trash fish and shrimps are added into each fish pit;
seventhly, in the wintering period, snow on the ice surface of the fish pit is removed in time, and the ice surface of the fish pit is kept transparent, so that the duration of the photosynthesis of microorganisms in the pit is ensured, and the continuation of the food chain of the perccottus glehnii is realized to the greatest extent;
eighthly, after thawing in the next year, adding 2kg of fresh and live small trash fish as bait into each fish pit for 1 time, and fishing the grown fish before turning over the field in the rice field.
The weight, survival rate and economic benefit of the perccottus glehni in the rice field cultivation process are calculated and shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 analysis of comprehensive planting economic benefit of Perciformes glehni in rice field
As can be seen from the statistical data in Table 1, the average weight of the perccottus glehni is increased by 9.5g by effectively utilizing the long winter idle period of the rice field in the northern alpine region, the market selling price is increased by 5 yuan per kilogram, and compared with the fishing and selling before freezing, the total economic benefit is increased by 46%.
Example 2: (see figure 2) the method for culturing the perccottus glehni in the paddy field in the alpine region comprises the following steps:
firstly, 2 fish pits and a fish ditch are arranged in a Bohai sea town rice field in Dongning city of Black Dragon river province, and the fish pits are connected through a fish ditch in the middle. Wherein the rice field has a length of 60m, a width of 30m and an area of 1800m2The length of each of the 2 rectangular fish pits is 20m, the width thereof is 2m, the depth of each fish pit is 1.5m, and the area thereof is 40m2(ii) a The fish gutters have a depth of 0.5m, a width of 0.5m and a length of 40 m. The total area of the 2 fish pits and one fish ditch accounts for 5.6 percent of the area of the rice field;
secondly, transplanting reeds into each fish pit to form clusters for throwing artificial fish nests, wherein the throwing quantity of the artificial fish nests in each fish pit is 3; the artificial fish nest can provide an effective sheltering place for the perccottus glehni;
adding fermented chicken manure rich water into fish pits 10 days after rice field transplanting, selecting 36kg of healthy disease-free and strong-mobility perccottus glehni fingerlings with 3000 fish seeds, the weight of 10-15 g and the average weight of 12g, and putting 18kg of fermented chicken manure rich water into each fish pit; supplementing the nematodes as baits every 30 days after the fish seeds are added; the amount of nematode bait added into each fish pit every time is 0.7 kg;
fourthly, immediately raising the water level of the rice field to a position 22cm above the soil level of the rice field after the rice field is harvested;
fifthly, controlling the water level of the rice field to a position 15cm above the soil level of the rice field before overwintering;
sixthly, before the paddy field is frozen and sealed, 2.5 kg of fresh and alive small trash fish and shrimps are added into each fish pit;
seventhly, in the wintering period, removing the snow on the ice surface of the fish pit in time, and keeping the ice surface of the fish pit transparent; the duration of the photosynthesis of microorganisms in the pit is ensured, so that the continuation of the food chain of the perccottus glehni is realized to the maximum extent;
eighthly, after thawing in the next year, adding 2kg of fresh and live small trash fish as bait into each fish pit for 1 time, and fishing the grown fish before turning over the field in the rice field.
TABLE 2 analysis of economic benefits of comprehensive culture of Perciformes glehni in rice field
In the embodiment 2, the lengthy winter idle period of the paddy field in the alpine region is effectively utilized, so that the average weight of the perccottus glehni is increased by 10.3g, the market selling price is increased by 5 yuan per kilogram, and compared with the fishing and selling before freezing ice, the total economic benefit is increased by 40%.
The embodiment shows that the method is suitable for breeding the perccottus glehni in the rice field in the arctic-alpine region in the north, large-size commercial fish of the perccottus glehni can be actively bred by the method, the economic effect is improved, and the aquatic product supply is enriched.
Claims (10)
1. A paddy field breeding method of perccottus glehni in alpine regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, arranging fish pits in a rice field, or arranging fish pits and fish ditches in the rice field;
secondly, planting aquatic plants in each fish pit for throwing the artificial fish nests, wherein the number of the artificial fish nests in each fish pit is 2-4;
thirdly, adding fermented chicken manure rich water into the fish pits 10-20 days after rice field transplanting, then selecting the fish species of the perccottus glehni with the weight of 10-20 g, wherein the input amount of the fish species per square meter of the fish pits is 0.3-0.6 kg, and the input amount of the fish species per mu of the rice field is 13-17 kg; supplementing the bait every 30 days after the fish seeds are added;
fourthly, immediately raising the water level of the rice field to a position 18-22 cm above the soil level of the rice field after harvesting the rice field;
fifthly, controlling the water level of the rice field to be 10-20 cm above the soil level of the rice field before overwintering;
sixthly, before the paddy field is frozen and sealed, putting fresh and live baits into the fish pits for one time;
seventhly, keeping ice surfaces of the fish pits and the fish ditches transparent in the wintering period;
eighthly, after thawing in the second year, adding bait into the fish pits once, and fishing the grown fish before turning over the field in the rice field.
2. The method for cultivating perccotta glehni in a paddy field in an alpine region according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, when only fish pits are formed in the paddy field, the depth of the fish pits is 0.9-1.8 m; the total area of all the fish pits accounts for 4 to 7 percent of the area of the rice field.
3. The method for cultivating perccotta glehni in a paddy field in an alpine region according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, when the fish pits and the fish ditches are simultaneously arranged in the paddy field; wherein the depth of the fish pit is 0.9-1.1 m; the depth of the fish ditch is 0.4-0.6 m, and the width is 0.4-0.6 m; the total area of the fish pits and the fish ditches accounts for 6 to 8 percent of the area of the rice field.
4. The method for cultivating perccotta glehni in paddy fields in alpine regions according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in the second step, the aquatic plant is reed or cattail.
5. The method for culturing perccotta glehni in paddy fields in alpine regions according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in the third step, the bait is nematode or palatable low-price fry.
6. The rice field culture method of the Japanese sea Perciformis in the alpine region according to the claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that in the sixth step, the fresh and alive baits are nematodes, palatable trash fish or shrimps.
7. The rice field culture method of Japanese sea Perciformis in alpine region according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the bait in step eight is palatable low price fry.
8. The rice field culture method of Japanese sea Perch obscura in the alpine region according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the bait is added in the third step in an amount of 2% -4% of the weight of the fish species.
9. The rice field culture method of Japanese sea Perciformis in the alpine region according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in the sixth step, the amount of fresh and alive bait is added in an amount of 10-14% of the weight of the fish species.
10. The rice field culture method of Japanese sea Perciformis in alpine region according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in step eight, the amount of bait added is calculated as 10% -15% of the fish species mass.
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2020
- 2020-09-03 CN CN202010913559.9A patent/CN112021215A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103891659A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-02 | 嘉善县净水渔业种苗基地（普通合伙） | Method for breeding Odontobutis obscura through fish-rice symbiosis in pool |
| CN106417110A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 贵州尚品源农业科技有限公司 | Cultivating method of the grass carp in rice field |
| CN107455190A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-12 | 颍上县国源农场 | A kind of method of rice field fish culture |
| CN109952979A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-02 | 陈土贵 | A kind of method of rice field fish culture |
| CN110269008A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-24 | 刘潭兵 | A kind of paddy field aquaculture method of ecological fish |
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Application publication date: 20201204 |