CN109699539B - Method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations - Google Patents
Method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations, which mainly comprises the steps of cage preparation, isolated feeding, backup parent selection, pairing hybridization and the like. According to the method, the viviparidae of different geographical populations, different sexes and different hybrid varieties are isolated in different net cages for feeding, the water temperature and the dissolved oxygen amount of culture are independently controlled within a proper range according to respective growth characteristics of the viviparidae, the growth requirements of the viviparidae of different varieties are met, the viviparidae populations of different geographical countries can be accurately constructed for hybridization, the steps are simple, the operation and the popularization are easy, and meanwhile, the benthic bait biomembrane suitable for viviparidae culture can provide high-nutrition bait for the viviparidae and cannot cause environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product cultivation, and particularly relates to a method suitable for hybridization of field snails in different geographical populations.
Background
River snail refers to a mollusk of river snail family, belongs to the field snail family of anterior gill subclass of gastropoda of mollusk, and is distributed in most areas of China. River snails like to live in water areas which are warm in winter and cool in summer, have soft substrate, rich bait and fresh water quality, and particularly like to be clustered in micro-flowing water. The river snail is edible and mainly eats tender stems and leaves of aquatic plants, organic scraps and the like, and the river snail likes to move and eat at night, and the optimum growth temperature is 20-27 ℃. The river snail has high nutritive value, and each hundred grams of snail meat contains 18.2 grams of protein and 0.6 gram of fat, and also contains carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins and other nutritional ingredients, wherein the content of calcium is particularly high. River snail is also a medicinal animal, and the meat of the river snail is sweet in taste and cold in nature, and has the effects of clearing heat, improving eyesight, promoting urination, treating stranguria and the like. The compendium of materia medica records that the river snail has the functions of promoting diuresis, clearing heat, quenching thirst, sobering up and facilitating urination and defecation; it can be used for treating tinea pedis and jaundice. "
With the rapid growth of the river snail consumption market in recent years, river snail breeding bases and river snail breeding farms are established in many places. The Chinese patent application No. CN201711164497.0 discloses a method for artificially breeding escargots, which provides a large amount of young escargots with good quality through the steps of seedling selection, domestication and cultivation, box cultivation, young escargots cultivation and the like, and solves the problems that the young escargots bred and cultivated in a field are easy to be damaged by parasites and pathogenic bacteria, the growth speed is slow, the survival rate is low and the like; chinese patent No. CN201410339318.2 discloses a method for cultivating Oncomelania hupensis Gredler, which comprises arranging vacant rows in a paddy field with elevation of 800-1200 m, reproducing and cultivating Oncomelania hupensis Gredler in the vacant rows, and harvesting in the next year, thereby reducing the use area of cultivated land, reasonably utilizing the cultivated land area and obtaining better yield. However, the research on the hybridization of the river snails in different geographical populations is reported so far, and the quality and the meat quality of the river snails in different geographical populations are different and have the characteristics, so that the river snails produced in high-altitude mountain areas are mostly thin and not resistant to transportation, but have excellent meat quality and delicious taste; although the river snail shells produced in the low-altitude plain are thick and durable in transportation, the taste and the flavor of the river snail shells are often inferior to those of the river snails produced in high-altitude mountainous areas, so that the high-quality river snail varieties obtained by crossing different geographical populations of the river snails have high research value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the method suitable for the hybridization of the viviparidae in different geographical populations, the method can accurately construct the hybridization of the viviparidae in different geographical populations, and the method has simple steps and is easy to operate.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a net cage: firstly, dividing a rice field or a pond into an isolated breeding area, a female snail breeding area, a male snail breeding area and a pairing hybridization area, wherein the areas are isolated from each other, then selecting a plastic net or a metal net with 30-40 meshes to prepare a net box, immersing the net box in the rice fields or ponds of the isolated breeding area, the female snail breeding area, the male snail breeding area and the pairing hybridization area, wherein the open end surface of the net box is 4-6 cm higher than the water surface, then any one or two mixtures of rice straws and sugarcane tip leaves are used as a fixing matrix to be put at the bottom of the net cage, the distribution density is 1 cluster/square meter, then introducing the benthic algae and the small benthic animals to a fixed matrix, applying biofertilizer to the paddy fields or ponds of the isolated breeding area, the female snail breeding area, the male snail breeding area and the paired hybridization area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu, and culturing for 7-10 days to ensure that a layer of benthic bait biomembrane suitable for being ingested by the escargots grows on the fixed matrix;
(2) isolated breeding: primarily selecting field snails of different geographical populations, eliminating disabled individuals, selecting and reserving field snail individuals with complete snail shells, health and vitality and 25-35 g/specification, respectively putting the field snails into corresponding net cages in isolated breeding areas according to the different geographical populations for isolated breeding for 1-2 months, and distinguishing the net cages with production place identification boards; the amount of river snail put in is 1kg/m2Controlling the water temperature of the river snail breeding to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating oxygen into the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring the water-soluble oxygen amount to be 2-3 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the isolated breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10-15 days;
(3) and (3) selecting backup parents: carrying out backup parent selection after isolated breeding for 1-2 months in the step (2), and carrying out male and female distinction on escargots according to the fact that a right tentacle curler is a male snail and two tentacles which have the same shape are female snails; female snails with the specification of 35-40 g/female snails and no mating are selected as backup female parents, the female snails are respectively thrown into corresponding net cages in female snail feeding areas according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, the species group of the net cages and a sex signboard are distinguished, and the throwing amount of the female snails is 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the escargots to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the cage with oxygen by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 2.5-3.5 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the paddy field or the pond in the female snail breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 7-8 days; selecting large-size male snails with specifications of 30-38 g/male snails and perfect spermary development as backup male parents, respectively putting the male snails into corresponding net cages in a male snail breeding area according to different geographical populations for unisexual breeding, and adding net cage mating populations and sex identification boardsDistinguishing, the male snail feeding amount is 0.5kg/m2Controlling the water temperature for breeding the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating oxygen into the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 2-3 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the male snail breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10-15 days;
(4) pairing hybridization: after female snails and male snails selected in the step (3) are separately fed for 1-2 months, individuals with mature gonads of different populations are subjected to pairing hybridization, then the individuals are put into corresponding net cages in pairing hybridization areas for separate feeding, the net cages are distinguished by hybridization combination identification boards, and the putting amount of field snails is 1kg/m2Controlling the water temperature of the river snail breeding to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring the water-soluble oxygen amount to be 2-3 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, applying biological fertilizer to rice fields or ponds in the paired hybridization areas according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10-15 days, and finally obtaining the river snail hybridization combination.
Further, the benthic algae in the step (1) is any one or more of chlorella, diatom and green algae.
Further, the small benthonic animals described in step (1) are rotifers.
Further, the biological fertilizer in the step (1) is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of shrimp peptide amino acid organic material, 5-10 parts of sodium humate, 5-10 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 5-10 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 5-10 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 10-15 parts of turfy soil and 100-150 parts of water.
Further, in the step (1), 8 parts by weight of the benthic algae and 2 parts by weight of the small benthic animals were introduced into the sessile substrate.
The river snails of different geographical populations are river snails of high mountain populations and river snails of plain populations.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, rice straws or sugarcane tips are used as a fixing matrix to introduce benthic algae and small benthic animal communities, meanwhile, a biological organic fertilizer is scientifically added to promote the benthic algae and the small benthic animals to grow and breed on the fixing objects, and finally, a benthic bait biomembrane suitable for viviparidae breeding is cultured to provide healthy and environment-friendly breeding bait for viviparidae cross breeding.
2. The method adopts an isolation breeding method, the viviparidae of different geographical populations, different sexes and different hybrid varieties are isolated in different net cages for breeding, different growth environments are provided for the viviparidae according to different growth speeds of the female viviparidae and the male viviparidae, the growth requirements of the viviparidae of different varieties are met, and the cultivation efficiency of the viviparidae is improved.
3. Because the river snail is sensitive to the oxygen dissolution amount of the culture water, the artificial continuous aeration oxygenation method is used in the invention to ensure that the oxygen dissolution amount of the culture water can meet the appearance requirement of the river snail, and meanwhile, the water is changed periodically to keep the water quality fresh and clean.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto. The specific experimental conditions and methods not indicated in the following examples are generally conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
a method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a net cage: in last 4 months of 2018, dividing a rice field or a pond into an isolated feeding area, a female snail feeding area, a male snail feeding area and a pairing hybridization area, isolating the areas from each other, then selecting a 35-mesh plastic net or a metal net to form a net cage, immersing the net cage in the rice field or the pond, wherein the open end face of the net cage is 5cm higher than the water surface, then putting rice straws as a fixation matrix at the bottom of the net cage, wherein the distribution density is 1 cluster/square meter, then introducing 8 parts of benthic algae and 2 parts of small benthic animals to the fixation matrix according to parts by weight, applying biofertilizer to the rice field or the pond in the isolated feeding area, the female snail feeding area, the male snail feeding area and the pairing hybridization area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu, and after culturing for 10 days, fully growing a layer of benthic bait biomembrane suitable for feeding of field snails on the fixation matrix; the benthic algae are chlorella, diatom and green algae; the small benthonic animals are rotifers; the biological fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of shrimp peptide amino acid organic material, 7 parts of sodium humate, 7 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 6 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 7 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 14 parts of turfy soil and 110 parts of water;
(2) isolated breeding: primarily selecting Yuanbaoshan population river snails (alpine population river snails) and Quanzhou population river snails (plain population river snails), eliminating the disabled individuals, selecting and reserving river snail individuals with complete snail shells, health and vitality and specifications of 30 g/individual, respectively putting the river snail individuals into corresponding net cages in isolated breeding areas according to different geographical populations for isolated breeding for 2 months, and distinguishing the net cages by matching with production area identification boards; the amount of river snail put in is 1kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount of the water is 2 ppm, changing water once every 5 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond in the isolated breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10 days;
(3) and (3) selecting backup parents: carrying out backup parent selection after 2 months of isolation breeding in the step (2), and carrying out male and female distinction on escargots according to the fact that a right tentacle curler is a male snail and two tentacles which are identical in shape are female snails; female snails with the specification of 38 g/female snail are selected as backup female parents and are respectively put into corresponding net cages in female snail feeding areas according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, the net cage mating population and the sex signboard are distinguished, and the putting amount of the female snails is 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 3 ppm, changing water once every 5 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the female snail breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 7 days; selecting large-size male snails with the specification of 30 g/male snail and perfect spermary development as backup male parents, respectively putting the male snails into corresponding net cages in a male snail feeding area according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, distinguishing net cage mating populations and sex identification boards, and putting the male snails in an amount of 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for culturing the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 2 ppm, changing water once every 5 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the male snail raising area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10 days;
(4) pairing hybridization: after female snails and male snails selected in the step (3) are separately bred for 1 month, individuals with mature gonads of different populations are subjected to pairing hybridization, and then the individuals are put into corresponding net cages in pairing hybridization areas for separate breeding, the net cages are distinguished by hybridization combination identification boards, and the putting amount of field snails is 1kg/m2Controlling the water temperature for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the inside of the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the water-soluble oxygen amount is 2.5 ppm, changing water once every 5 days, applying biological fertilizer to rice fields or ponds in the paired hybridization areas according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10 days, and finally obtaining 2 hybridization combinations of the river snails as follows: yuanbaoshan population river snail (alpine population river snail) male parent × Quanzhou population river snail (plain population river snail) and Quanzhou population river snail (plain population river snail) female parent × Yuanbaoshan population river snail (alpine population river snail).
Example 2:
a method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a net cage: in 4 th month in 2018, dividing a rice field or a pond into an isolated feeding area, a female snail feeding area, a male snail feeding area and a pairing hybridization area, isolating the areas from each other, then selecting a 40-mesh plastic net or a metal net to form a net cage, immersing the net cage in the rice field or the pond, wherein the opening end face of the net cage is 6cm higher than the water surface, then putting sugarcane tips and leaves as a fixation matrix at the bottom of the net cage, wherein the distribution density is 1 cluster/square meter, then introducing 8 parts of benthic algae and 2 parts of small benthic animals to the fixation matrix according to parts by weight, applying biological fertilizers to the rice field or the pond in the isolated feeding area, the female snail feeding area, the male snail feeding area and the pairing hybridization area according to 5 kg/mu, and after culturing for 7 days, fully growing a layer of benthic bait biomembrane suitable for feeding of the field snails on the fixation matrix; the benthic algae are diatom and green algae; the small benthonic animals are rotifers; the biological fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of shrimp peptide amino acid organic material, 5 parts of sodium humate, 10 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 10 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 10 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 10 parts of turfy soil and 100 parts of water;
(2) isolated breeding: primarily selecting Yuanbao mountain population river snails (alpine population river snails) and Hubei population river snails (plain population river snails), eliminating the disabled individuals, selecting and reserving 25 g/river snails with complete snail shells, health and vitality, respectively putting the river snails into corresponding net cages in isolated breeding areas according to different geographical populations for isolated breeding for 1 month, and distinguishing the net cages by matching with production area identification boards; the amount of river snail put in is 1kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 2.5 ppm, changing water once every 7 days, and applying bio-fertilizer to the rice field or the pond in the isolated breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 15 days;
(3) and (3) selecting backup parents: carrying out backup parent selection after 1 month of isolation breeding in the step (2), and carrying out male and female distinction on escargots according to the fact that a right tentacle curler is a male snail and two tentacles which are identical in shape are female snails; female snails with the specification of 40 g/female snail are selected as backup female parents and are respectively put into corresponding net cages in female snail feeding areas according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, the net cage mating population and the sex signboard are distinguished, and the putting amount of the female snails is 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount of the water is 2.5 ppm, changing water once every 6 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the female snail breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 8 days; selecting large-size male snails with the specification of 34 g/male snail and perfect spermary development as backup male parents, respectively putting the male snails into corresponding net cages in a male snail feeding area according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, distinguishing net cage mating populations and sex identification boards, and putting the male snails in an amount of 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for culturing the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 3 ppm, changing water once every 5 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the male snail raising area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10 days;
(4) pairing hybridization: after female snails and male snails selected in the step (3) are separately fed for 2 months, individuals with mature gonads of different populations are subjected to pairing hybridization, and then the individuals are put into corresponding net boxes in pairing hybridization areas for pairing hybridizationIsolated breeding, distinguishing by net cage and hybridization combined signboard, and putting river snail in 1kg/m2Controlling the water temperature for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the inside of the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the water-soluble oxygen amount is 2 ppm, changing water once every 7 days, applying biological fertilizer to rice fields or ponds in the paired hybridization areas according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 15 days, and finally obtaining 2 hybridization combinations of the river snails as follows: hubei population river snail (plain population river snail) male parent, Yuanbao mountain population river snail (alpine population river snail) male parent and Yuanbao mountain population river snail (alpine population river snail) female parent, Hubei population river snail (plain population river snail).
Example 3:
a method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a net cage: in late 4 months of 2018, dividing a rice field or a pond into an isolated feeding area, a female snail feeding area, a male snail feeding area and a pairing hybridization area, isolating the areas from each other, then selecting a 30-mesh plastic net or a metal net to form a net cage, immersing the net cage in the rice field or the pond, wherein the opening end face of the net cage is 4cm higher than the water surface, then putting a mixture of rice straws and sugarcane tips at the bottom of the net cage as a fixing matrix, wherein the distribution density is 1 cluster/square meter, then introducing 8 parts of benthic algae and 2 parts of small benthic animals to the fixing matrix according to the weight parts, applying benthic bait bio-fertilizer to the rice field or the pond in the isolated feeding area, the female snail feeding area, the male snail feeding area and the pairing hybridization area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu, and growing a layer of benthic bait bio-film suitable for feeding of field snails after culturing for 9 days; the benthic algae are green algae; the small benthonic animals are rotifers; the biological fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of shrimp peptide amino acid organic material, 10 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 5 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 5 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 15 parts of turfy soil and 150 parts of water;
(2) isolated breeding: primarily selecting river snail (Gaoshan river snail) and river snail (plain river snail), eliminating the defective individual, selecting and reserving 35 g/river snail individual with complete snail shell, health and vitalityRespectively putting the same geographical population into corresponding net cages in the isolated breeding area for isolated breeding for 1 month, and distinguishing the net cages with the production area signboard; the amount of river snail put in is 1kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 3 ppm, changing water once every 6 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond in the isolated breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 13 days;
(3) and (3) selecting backup parents: carrying out backup parent selection after 1 month of isolation breeding in the step (2), and carrying out male and female distinction on escargots according to the fact that a right tentacle curler is a male snail and two tentacles which are identical in shape are female snails; female snails with the specification of 35 g/female snails without mating are selected as a backup female parent and are respectively put into corresponding net cages in female snail feeding areas according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, the group matching of the net cages and the sex identification boards are distinguished, and the putting amount of the female snails is 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount of the water is 3.5 ppm, changing water once every 7 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the female snail breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 7 days; selecting large-size male snails with the specification of 38 g/male snail and perfect spermary development as backup male parents, respectively putting the male snails into corresponding net cages in a male snail feeding area according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, distinguishing net cage mating populations and sex identification boards, and putting the male snails in an amount of 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for culturing the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 2.5 ppm, changing water once every 6 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or pond of the male snail raising area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 12 days;
(4) pairing hybridization: after female snails and male snails selected in the step (3) are separately bred for 2 months, individuals with mature gonads of different populations are subjected to pairing hybridization, then the individuals are put into corresponding net cages in pairing hybridization areas for separate breeding, the net cages are distinguished by the hybridization combination signboard, and the putting amount of the field snails is 1kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for culturing river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the water into the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount of the water is 3 ppm, changing the water once every 6 days, and pressing the pressure of the water according to 12 daysApplying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond in the paired hybridization area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu, and finally obtaining 2 hybridization combinations of the river snails as follows: yuanbaoshan population field snail (alpine population field snail) male parent, Yangjiang population field snail (plain population field snail) female parent, Yuanbaoshan population field snail (alpine population field snail).
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A method suitable for hybridization of escargots in different geographical populations is characterized in that: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a net cage: firstly, dividing a rice field or a pond into an isolated breeding area, a female snail breeding area, a male snail breeding area and a pairing hybridization area, wherein the areas are isolated from each other, then selecting a plastic net or a metal net with 30-40 meshes to prepare a net box, immersing the net box in the rice fields or ponds of the isolated breeding area, the female snail breeding area, the male snail breeding area and the pairing hybridization area, wherein the open end surface of the net box is 4-6 cm higher than the water surface, then any one or two mixtures of rice straws and sugarcane tip leaves are used as a fixing matrix to be put at the bottom of the net cage, the distribution density is 1 cluster/square meter, then introducing the benthic algae and the small benthic animals to a fixed matrix, applying biofertilizer to the paddy fields or ponds of the isolated breeding area, the female snail breeding area, the male snail breeding area and the paired hybridization area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu, and culturing for 7-10 days to ensure that a layer of benthic bait biomembrane suitable for being ingested by the escargots grows on the fixed matrix;
introducing 8 parts of benthic algae and 2 parts of small benthic animals to a fixation substrate by weight;
(2) isolated breeding: primarily selecting field snails of different geographical populations, eliminating the disabled individuals, selecting intact snail shells, keeping healthy and active snail shells, and keeping the specifications of 25 ∞Respectively putting 35 g/river snail individuals into corresponding net cages in isolated breeding areas according to different geographical populations for isolated breeding for 1-2 months, and distinguishing the net cages with production area identification boards; the amount of river snail put in is 1kg/m2Controlling the water temperature of the river snail breeding to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating oxygen into the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring the water-soluble oxygen amount to be 2-3 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the isolated breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10-15 days;
(3) and (3) selecting backup parents: carrying out backup parent selection after isolated breeding for 1-2 months in the step (2), and carrying out male and female distinction on escargots according to the fact that a right tentacle curler is a male snail and two tentacles which have the same shape are female snails; female snails with the specification of 35-40 g/female snails and no mating are selected as backup female parents, the female snails are respectively thrown into corresponding net cages in female snail feeding areas according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, the species group of the net cages and a sex signboard are distinguished, and the throwing amount of the female snails is 0.5kg/m2Controlling the temperature of water for cultivating the escargots to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating the cage with oxygen by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 2.5-3.5 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the paddy field or the pond in the female snail breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 7-8 days; selecting large-size male snails with specifications of 30-38 g/male snails and perfect spermary development as backup male parents, respectively putting the male snails into corresponding net cages in a male snail feeding area according to different geographical populations for unisexual feeding, distinguishing net cage mating populations and sex identification boards, and putting the male snails in an amount of 0.5kg/m2Controlling the water temperature for breeding the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, continuously oxygenating oxygen into the net cage by using an oxygen pump, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen amount is 2-3 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, and applying biological fertilizer to the rice field or the pond of the male snail breeding area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10-15 days;
(4) pairing hybridization: after female snails and male snails selected in the step (3) are separately fed for 1-2 months, individuals with mature gonads of different populations are subjected to pairing hybridization, then the individuals are put into corresponding net cages in pairing hybridization areas for separate feeding, the net cages are distinguished by hybridization combination identification boards, and the putting amount of field snails is 1kg/m2Controlling the temperature of the culture water of the river snails to be 20-25 ℃, and using an oxygen pumpContinuously filling oxygen into the net cage to ensure that the water-soluble oxygen amount is 2-3 ppm, changing water once every 5-7 days, and applying bio-fertilizer to the rice field or the pond in the paired hybridization area according to the amount of 5 kg/mu every 10-15 days to finally obtain the river snail hybridization combination.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said method is applied to the crossing of different geographical populations of escargots: the benthic algae in the step (1) is any one or more of chlorella, diatom and green algae.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said method is applied to the crossing of different geographical populations of escargots: the small benthonic animals in the step (1) are rotifers.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said method is applied to the crossing of different geographical populations of escargots: the biological fertilizer in the step (1) is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of shrimp peptide amino acid organic material, 5-10 parts of sodium humate, 5-10 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 5-10 parts of amino acid chelated zinc, 5-10 parts of amino acid chelated iron, 10-15 parts of turfy soil and 100-150 parts of water.
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| JP2010213602A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-30 | Nagasaki Prefecture | Mixed feed for initial seedling of useful herbivorous shellfish, and method for feeding the same |
| CN104798709A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-29 | 海南定利养殖种苗有限公司 | Breeding method of babylonia areolata cross-breeding seeds |
| CN105994077A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南文理学院 | Efficient breeding method for spiral shell male tetraploid pure line |
| CN106212334A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 横县生产力促进中心 | Rice terrace combines the method for cultivation Cipangopaludina chinensis |
| CN108147879A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 新沂市嘉禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer containing amino-acid chelate produced using straw as raw material |
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| JP2010213602A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-30 | Nagasaki Prefecture | Mixed feed for initial seedling of useful herbivorous shellfish, and method for feeding the same |
| CN104798709A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-29 | 海南定利养殖种苗有限公司 | Breeding method of babylonia areolata cross-breeding seeds |
| CN105994077A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南文理学院 | Efficient breeding method for spiral shell male tetraploid pure line |
| CN106212334A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 横县生产力促进中心 | Rice terrace combines the method for cultivation Cipangopaludina chinensis |
| CN108147879A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 新沂市嘉禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer containing amino-acid chelate produced using straw as raw material |
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