CN110786277B - Artificial breeding and field culture method of Orychophragmus wartius - Google Patents

Artificial breeding and field culture method of Orychophragmus wartius Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110786277B
CN110786277B CN201911278748.7A CN201911278748A CN110786277B CN 110786277 B CN110786277 B CN 110786277B CN 201911278748 A CN201911278748 A CN 201911278748A CN 110786277 B CN110786277 B CN 110786277B
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field
fertilized eggs
breeding
water
salinity
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CN110786277A (en
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周洪磊
兰昌花
黄江帆
谢祥乐
张文杰
王奇欣
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Fujian Yangze Marine Biological Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/40Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/17Hatching, e.g. incubators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial breeding and field culture method of pelioscope grubbs, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture, wherein female and male gramineae with the quantity ratio of 100:3 are selected as parents for artificial breeding, fertilized eggs are directly obtained by extrusion and bursting, the fertilized eggs are placed in a field for incubation after desalination treatment, and the gramineae can be cultured in the field by controlling the seedling density of the gramineae to be 550 pieces/square meter and spraying shell powder during culture. The method provided by the invention fills the blank of field breeding of the gramineous insects, the parent selection is simple and quick, the larvae can be directly hatched in the field, the planktonic animals and plants and organic debris in the field can be ingested, the separate feeding is not needed, the breeding cost is greatly reduced, the symbiosis of the gramineous insects and the bred plants in the field is realized, the utilization rate of the field can be improved, the economic output value of unit area is improved, the method is simple, and the method is suitable for popularization among common farmers.

Description

Artificial breeding and field culture method of Orychophragmus wartius
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an artificial seedling and field culture method of Orychophragmus wartius.
Background
The wart of the genus Orychophragmus Hedychii (Tylorhynchoerechaetus) is commonly called Hedychis, and belongs to Annelida, Polychaeta, order of migratory order, Nereididae, genus Orychophragmus. The living environment of the gramineous insect is usually silt sandy soil of coastal and estuary fields and shoals crossed by salt and fresh water, belongs to omnivorous animals, the gramineous insect is slender and slightly flat, the body length is 30-90mm, the body width is 4-8mm, the body section is about 62 sections, and male and female variant forms and variant fertilization are carried out. The color of the male and female bodies of the gramineae is different, the male body is mainly red, the white milk is formed between the male and female bodies, and the female body is green or brown green. The mature individuals climb out of the water surface to swim and mate and breed when the big tide rises and floods without rice field and shoal in autumn and winter. Mature individual grasses are commercial grasses. The commercial gramineae can be used as bait on one hand, and is deeply loved by consumers due to the commercial gramineae, so that the commercial gramineae has good economic value. In the past, commercial graminids sold in the market are mainly captured by coastal fishermen, but with the continuous increase of market demands and environmental changes, wild graminids rapidly decline in wild resources, so that the market supply can not be met completely, and the artificial breeding popularization prospect is wide.
The Chinese patent with application number 201610785482.5 discloses a method for breeding semi-artificial breeding mudflat of standing grain insects, which helps the standing grain insects to spend the period of the hardnod larva in modes of staged desalination, feeding and the like through the steps of preparation of breeding mudflat of the standing grain insects, water body adjustment, seedling desalination, seedling density setting in a coarse marking area, feeding in a coarse marking period, water quality management in a coarse marking period, breeding period management and breeding harvest, thereby realizing the semi-artificial breeding mudflat breeding of the standing grain insects, effectively improving the survival rate of the seedling of the standing grain insects and improving the breeding benefit of the standing grain insects. The Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201610375310.0 discloses an artificial breeding and intensive culture method of the graminids, which solves the technical problems of female and male ratio of the graminids in breeding, water environment condition of breeding, ingestion of the graminids, larva breeding of the graminids, pond culture of the graminids and the like through the steps of parent selection, artificial fertilization, artificial hatching, seedling pond preparation, artificial seedling culture and intensive culture, thereby realizing the artificial breeding and intensive culture of the graminids. However, the current research mainly focuses on the cultivation of the graminids under intensive conditions (artificial ponds) or mudflats, and different cultivation conditions can significantly affect the cultivation effect of the graminids due to different factors such as environment, baits and the like, and the graminids cannot be directly used or applied mechanically, so that a method for cultivating the graminids in the field is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: provides an artificial breeding method and a breeding method suitable for breeding gramineous insects in a field.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the artificial breeding and field culture method of the Orychophragmus wartius comprises the following steps:
1) parent selection: selecting female and male graminoids with the quantity ratio of 100:3 as parents;
2) hastening parturition: placing the parents in filtered seawater, wherein the specific gravity of the filtered seawater is 1.018, the pH value is 8, after the parents drift in the filtered seawater for 20-30min, fishing up, extruding and bursting the parents, then placing the filtered seawater in the filtered seawater, pouring out the upper seawater to collect the fertilized eggs at the bottom of the sea, continuously adding mixed water of seawater and fresh water for reducing the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located, standing for 20-25min, repeating for many times until the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is the same as the salinity of the field, and culturing the fertilized eggs until the fertilized eggs develop to a multicellular stage;
3) field stocking: selecting a large field at the river side as a stocking place, putting fertilized eggs which develop to a multicellular stage in the field when the field is submerged by tidal waters for more than 20cm, then applying fertilize water element for 10 Kg/mu, draining water body before the next large tide comes, measuring the seedling density, controlling the seedling density to be 450 plus materials for 550 pieces per square meter, then discharging water for cultivation, and spraying 10 Kg/mu of shell powder per 15d in the cultivation process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for artificially breeding the young populus verrucosus and cultivating the young populus verrucosus in the field has the advantages that the sexual maturity state of the young populus verrucosus is not required to be observed, the parents can be conveniently and quickly selected, the larvae can be directly hatched in the field through desalination treatment of fertilized eggs, the environment of the field can be quickly adapted to, the young populus verrucosus in the field can take plankton plants and organic debris in the field, independent bait casting is not required, the cultivation cost is greatly reduced, the density of the young populus verrucosus is controlled, the young populus verrucosus and crops such as rice, vegetables and the like can be symbiotic in the field, the growth of the crops such as the rice, the vegetables and the like cannot be influenced, the young populus verrucosus can also eat aged and rotted root hairs of the rice and other root hairs which are used as rotten roots, the soil is ventilated, the utilization rate of the field can be improved, the economic value of a unit area is improved, the method for artificially breeding the young populus verrucosus and the field is simple to operate, the cost investment is low, the operation can be learned without mastering professional skills, the method is suitable for popularization among common farmers, and the popularization of the artificial breeding technology of the graminids is facilitated.
Detailed Description
In order to explain the technical content, the objects and the effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be given with reference to the embodiments.
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: the spawning induction method is improved, desalination treatment is carried out at the fertilized egg stage, the fertilized eggs are hatched in a field, and meanwhile, the seedling density is controlled to achieve the effect of symbiosis of the gramineae and the plants in the field.
The invention provides an artificial breeding and field culture method of Orychophragmus wartius, which comprises the following steps:
1) parent selection: selecting female and male graminoids with the quantity ratio of 100:3 as parents;
2) hastening parturition: placing the parents in filtered seawater, wherein the specific gravity of the filtered seawater is 1.018, the pH value is 8, after the parents drift in the filtered seawater for 20-30min, fishing up, extruding and bursting the parents, then placing the filtered seawater in the filtered seawater, pouring out the upper seawater to collect the fertilized eggs at the bottom of the sea, continuously adding mixed water of seawater and fresh water for reducing the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located, standing for 20-25min, repeating for many times until the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is the same as the salinity of the field, and culturing the fertilized eggs until the fertilized eggs develop to a multicellular stage;
3) field stocking: selecting a large field at the river side as a stocking place, putting fertilized eggs which develop to a multicellular stage in the field when the field is submerged by tidal waters for more than 20cm, then applying fertilize water element for 10 Kg/mu, draining water body before the next large tide comes, measuring the seedling density, controlling the seedling density to be 450 plus materials for 550 pieces per square meter, then discharging water for cultivation, and spraying 10 Kg/mu of shell powder per 15d in the cultivation process.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method for artificially breeding the young populus warteri and cultivating the young populus warteri in the field has the advantages that the sexual maturity state of the young populus warteri is not required to be observed, the parents can be conveniently and quickly selected, the larvae can be directly hatched in the field through desalination treatment of fertilized eggs, the environment of the field can be quickly adapted, the young populus warteri can absorb zooplankton and organic debris in the field, bait is not required to be independently thrown, the growth requirement can be met only through applying shell powder, the operation is simple, the cultivation cost is greatly reduced, the density of the young populus gutteri is controlled, the young populus warteri and the crops such as rice, vegetables and the like are symbiotic in the field, the growth of the crops such as the rice, the vegetables and the like is not influenced, the young populus gutteri can also eat rotten root whiskers of the aged rice and other root whiskers serving as rotten, the soil is ventilated, the utilization rate of the field can be improved, the economic output value of a unit area is improved, the artificial seedling and field culture method is simple to operate, can be used for learning without mastering professional skills, is suitable for popularization among general farmers, and is beneficial to popularization of the artificial breeding technology of the graminids.
Further, when the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is reduced in the step 2), the salinity is reduced by 2-3 degrees each time.
According to the description, the fertilized eggs can be directly hatched in the field through desalination treatment of the fertilized eggs, so that the larvae can better adapt to the field environment, and the survival rate of stocking the larvae is improved.
Further, rice and vegetables are mixed in the field.
According to the description, the density of the graminids is controlled, the graminids cannot cause damage to the rice, meanwhile, the graminids can be provided with phytoplankton and organic debris in the field, the excrement of the graminids can enable the field soil to be fertile, the production of the rice and vegetables is facilitated, the effect of mixed culture and mutualism in the rice field is achieved, and the economic output value of the unit area is effectively improved.
Further, the method for artificially breeding the grups verrucosus and cultivating the grups verrucosus in the field also comprises the following steps of 4) harvesting adults: and (3) closing a field drainage gate when the tide water rises after ten months of field stocking, soaking for 5h, and harvesting mature grass worms.
As can be seen from the above description, the rising and falling time of the tide water can be simulated by soaking for 5 hours, and the standing grain insects are easy to harvest by utilizing the characteristic that the metamorphotic mature grain insects can emerge from mud and float out of the water surface when the tide rises under the wild condition.
Further, the field in the step 2) is ploughed by a micro-cultivator before fertilized eggs are put in place, so that mud slurry of the field is more and softer, and seedlings are attached and punched.
Further, the seedling density of the step 3) is 500 per square meter.
As can be seen from the above description, the density of the graminids in the field is controlled by controlling the density of the seedlings, so that the slow growth speed and small individuals caused by excessive growth are avoided.
The first embodiment of the invention is as follows:
an artificial breeding and field culture method of the Aristolochia wartii comprises the following steps:
1) parent selection: selecting 100 robust female and 3 male rice worms as parents;
2) hastening parturition: adding filtered seawater into a basin with the diameter of 80cm and the height of 20cm, placing the parent obtained in the step 1) into the filtered seawater, wherein the specific gravity of the filtered seawater is 1.018, the pH value is 8, fishing up, extruding and popping the parent after the parent drifts in the filtered seawater for 20-30min, then placing the parent into the filtered seawater, filtering out impurities, pouring out the upper seawater and collecting the submerged fertilized eggs;
continuously adding mixed water of sea water and fresh water for reducing the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located, standing for 20-25min, repeating for many times until the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is the same as the salinity of the field, reducing the salinity step by 2-3 degrees in the process of reducing the salinity, and culturing the fertilized eggs until the fertilized eggs develop to a multicellular stage when the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is the same as the salinity of the field;
3) field stocking: selecting a large field at the river side as a stocking place, ploughing by using a micro-tillage machine, planting rice and vegetables in the field, putting fertilized eggs which develop to a multicellular stage in the field when the field is submerged by tidal water for more than 20cm, then applying fertilizer water element for 10 Kg/mu, culturing until the next flood tide comes, draining water for about 10 days, measuring the seedling density, controlling the seedling density to be 550 pieces per square meter, then discharging water for culturing, and spraying 10 Kg/mu of shell powder for every 15 days in the culturing process.
The second embodiment of the invention is as follows:
an artificial breeding and field culture method of the Aristolochia wartii comprises the following steps:
1) parent selection: selecting 100 robust female and 3 male rice worms as parents;
2) hastening parturition: adding filtered seawater into a basin with the diameter of 80cm and the height of 20cm, placing the parent obtained in the step 1) into the filtered seawater, wherein the specific gravity of the filtered seawater is 1.018, the pH value is 8, fishing up, extruding and popping the parent after the parent drifts in the filtered seawater for 20min, then placing the parent into the filtered seawater, filtering out impurities, pouring out the upper seawater and collecting the submerged fertilized eggs;
continuously adding mixed water of sea water and fresh water for reducing the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located, standing for 20min, repeating for many times until the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is the same as the salinity of the field, reducing the salinity step by 2 degrees each time in the process of reducing the salinity, and culturing the fertilized eggs until the fertilized eggs develop to a multicellular stage when the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is the same as the salinity of the field;
3) field stocking: selecting a large field at the side of a river as a stocking place, ploughing by using a micro-tillage machine, planting rice and vegetables in the field, putting fertilized eggs which develop to a multicellular stage in the field when the field is submerged by tidal water for more than 20cm, then applying fertilize water element for 10 Kg/mu, draining water bodies after about 10 days before the next large tide comes, measuring the density of seedlings, controlling the density of the seedlings to be 500 pieces/square meter, then discharging water for cultivation, and spraying 10 Kg/mu of shell powder every 15 days in the cultivation process;
step 4), harvesting adults: and (3) closing a field drainage gate when the tide water rises after ten months of field stocking, soaking for 5h, and harvesting mature grass worms.
In conclusion, the method for artificially breeding the populus verrucosus (gramineus) and breeding the populus verrucosus (gramineus) in the field has the advantages that the sexual maturity state of the populus verrucosus is not required to be observed, the parents can be conveniently and quickly selected, the larvae can be directly hatched in the field through the desalination treatment of fertilized eggs, the environment of the field can be quickly adapted to, the populus verosus in the field can absorb zooplankton and organic debris in the field, the feeding is not required to be independently carried out, the growth requirement can be met only through applying the shell powder, the operation is simple, the breeding cost and the management difficulty are greatly reduced, the density of the populus verrucosus is controlled, the populus verrucosus and the crops such as rice, vegetables and the like can be symbiotic in the field, the growth of the crops such as the rice, the vegetables and the like cannot be influenced, the grown of the rice, the aged and rotten root hairs and other root hairs of the rice can be eaten by the populus verrucosus, the soil can also be ventilated, the method has the advantages of improving the utilization rate of the field and the economic output value of unit area, along with simple operation, short culture period, capability of enabling the graminids to mature from seedlings and learning operation without mastering professional skills, suitability for popularization among common farmers and contribution to popularization of the artificial breeding technology of the graminids.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention in the specification or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical field are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An artificial breeding and field culture method of the wart rhynchophylla is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) parent selection: selecting female and male graminoids with the quantity ratio of 100:3 as parents;
2) hastening parturition: placing the parents in filtered seawater, wherein the specific gravity of the filtered seawater is 1.018, the pH value is 8, after the parents drift in the filtered seawater for 20-30min, fishing up, extruding and bursting the parents, then placing the filtered seawater in the filtered seawater, pouring out the upper seawater to collect the fertilized eggs at the bottom of the sea, continuously adding mixed water of seawater and fresh water for reducing the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located, standing for 20-25min, repeating for many times until the salinity of the water body where the fertilized eggs are located is the same as the salinity of the field, and culturing the fertilized eggs until the fertilized eggs develop to a multicellular stage;
when the salinity of the water body in which the fertilized eggs are positioned is reduced, the salinity is reduced by 2-3 degrees each time;
3) field stocking: selecting a large field at the river side as a stocking place, putting fertilized eggs which develop to a multicellular stage in the field when the field is submerged by tidal waters for more than 20cm, then applying fertilize water element for 10 Kg/mu, draining water body before the next large tide comes, measuring the seedling density, controlling the seedling density to be 450 plus materials for 550 pieces per square meter, then discharging water for cultivation, and spraying 10 Kg/mu of shell powder per 15d in the cultivation process.
2. The artificial breeding and field culture method of the rhynchophorus wartius according to claim 1, wherein the density of the parents in the filtered seawater in the step 2) is 1050 pieces per square meter.
3. The method for artificially breeding and cultivating the rhynchophorus wartius according to claim 1, wherein rice and vegetables are planted in the field.
4. The method for artificially breeding and field-culturing the rhynchophorus wartius according to claim 1, further comprising the step 4) of harvesting adults: and (3) closing a field drainage gate when the tide water rises after ten months of field stocking, soaking for 5h, and harvesting mature grass worms.
5. The method for artificially breeding and cultivating the rhynchophorus wartius according to claim 1, wherein the field in the step 2) is plowed before fertilized eggs are put in the field.
6. The method for artificially breeding and field culturing the rhynchophorus wartius according to claim 1, wherein the seedling density in the step 3) is 500 per square meter.
CN201911278748.7A 2019-12-13 2019-12-13 Artificial breeding and field culture method of Orychophragmus wartius Active CN110786277B (en)

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CN112913605B (en) * 2021-01-22 2022-04-19 阳江职业技术学院 Insect and rice symbiotic comprehensive planting and breeding method mainly based on gramineous insect proliferation

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JPS61204130A (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-10 Kao Corp Thrombus solubilizer
CN1911004A (en) * 2006-08-31 2007-02-14 黄自兴 Method for cultivating Tylorrhynchus heter Ochatetus

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