CN110476845B - Factory breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings - Google Patents
Factory breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings Download PDFInfo
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- 241000691908 Elopichthys bambusa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000238571 Cladocera Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000238578 Daphnia Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001494246 Daphnia magna Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000691918 Elopichthys Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001302187 Moina Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000252206 Cypriniformes Species 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000202755 Areca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001658927 Brachypoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000376029 Tachysurus fulvidraco Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings, which comprises the steps of firstly cleaning and disinfecting a water tank, hatching fish fries for 2-3 days, starting stocking after waist points appear, and simultaneously feeding rotifers until the fish fries reach 1-1.5 cm in length, and feeding small twigs; after the fry grows to 3-3.5 cm, domesticating, screening after the fry grows to 5-6 cm, and placing the elopichthys bambusa fry which cannot eat the expanded feed in a screening domesticating pond for continuous domestication; and placing the elopichthys bambusa fries successfully domesticated in the successfully domesticated pond for continuous feeding, placing the elopichthys bambusa fries in a fish seed culture pond after the body length is more than 10 cm, and continuously culturing the elopichthys bambusa fries until the body length is 20 cm. The method is not influenced by weather conditions, the conditions such as water quality, temperature and the like are relatively stable and controllable, the diseases are less, the breeding is carried out under the condition of manual control, the flowering survival rate is high and stable, the survival rate of the elopichthys bambusa fingerlings can be greatly improved, and the large-scale breeding of the elopichthys bambusa fingerlings is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an elopichthys bambusa fingerling industrial cultivation method.
Background
Elopichthys bambusa, commonly known as yellow catfish, rod fish and tiger, belongs to the order Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes), family Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae), subfamily eleuthoideae (leucoscinae) and Elopichthys (Elopichthys) in taxonomy. The strain is widely distributed in various water systems of Yangtze river, Zhujiang river, Heilongjiang river, yellow river and east coastal water systems, and is a new and special culture variety with higher economic value. The elopichthys bambusa has the advantages of fast growth, large size, compact meat quality, delicious taste, high protein and fat content, low cholesterol content and the like, and is listed as large-scale top-quality edible fish.
Elopichthys bambusa is a carnivorous fish which is fierce in carps, lives in the middle-upper layer of a water body, belongs to a semi-migratory fish in rivers and lakes, spawns in a water area in a torrent way in the middle-upper reaches of a great river, and overwintering in a deep water area in winter. The elopichthys bambusa is a wide-temperature variety in freshwater fishes, has a wide living water temperature range and is suitable for growth at a temperature of 16-30 ℃. In recent years, the amount of natural elopichthys bambusa resources is sharply reduced year by year due to the destruction of ecological environment and the fishing abuse. Therefore, the price of elopichthys bambusa is continuously increased and the supply is not in demand. Therefore, researchers begin to research the artificial breeding and propagation of elopichthys bambusa in the last decade. Along with the continuous expansion of the culture area, the demand of elopichthys bambusa fries on the market is continuously expanded.
The traditional breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings is as follows: after the elopichthys bambusa fries are incubated, after the opening of the elopichthys bambusa fries, breeding the elopichthys bambusa fries in a soil pond, and carrying out flower growing in the soil pond and breeding and domestication in the pond. However, the outdoor soil pond has the following two disadvantages for flowering and domesticating: firstly, the influence of weather is large, the survival rate of the flowering is low and unstable; secondly, the domestication rate is low, the specifications are irregular, and the self-killing condition is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an elopichthys bambusa fish seed industrial cultivation method, which can greatly improve the survival rate of the elopichthys bambusa fish seeds and realize large-scale cultivation of the elopichthys bambusa fish seeds.
Technical scheme
An industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) disinfection of the pool: cleaning the pool, then performing disinfection treatment, and washing the pool with water for later use;
(2) breeding the water flowers: hatching the fry for 2-3 days, breeding after the waist spot appears, simultaneously feeding rotifer, feeding for 7-10 days until the fry body length reaches 1-1.5 cm, and feeding small twigs with body length of 0.5-2 mm;
(3) domesticating food: after the fry grows to 3-3.5 cm, domesticating and feeding live large twigs for 1-3 days, wherein the length of the large twigs is 2-6 mm, then mixing and feeding the live large twigs with semi-dead inactive large twigs according to the weight ratio of 1:1, feeding the mixture for 2-3 days, feeding the mixture by using the semi-dead inactive large twigs, feeding the mixture for 2-3 days, feeding the mixture by using the full-dead large twigs, and gradually adding artificial mixed feed until all the fries eat the artificial mixed feed;
(4) screening: after the fry grows to 5-6 cm, screening the fry, and placing the elopichthys bambusa fry which cannot eat the expanded feed in a screening domestication pond for continuous domestication; placing the elopichthys bambusa fries successfully domesticated in a successfully domesticated pond, and continuously feeding;
(5) and (3) large-scale fish breeding: and (4) placing the fingerlings successfully domesticated and having the body length of more than 10 cm into a fingerling rearing pond, and continuing rearing until the body length is 20 cm.
In the steps (2) to (5), the culture conditions are as follows: water temperature is 25-28 ℃, dissolved oxygen in water is kept above 5 mg/L, pH value is 7-8, and the water is cultured in circulating water.
Further, in the step (1), bleaching powder or potassium permanganate is adopted for disinfection treatment, and water is splashed in the whole pool after being dissolved.
Further, in the step (2), the stocking density is 5-6 thousand tails per cubic meter.
Further, in the step (2), the small cladocera is selected from one or more of daphnia subulata, daphnia magna straightaway, daphnia brevifolia, daphnia spinosa or daphnia proboschi longum.
Further, in the step (3), the large cladocera is one or more of daphnia magna, daphnia magna or daphnia magna.
Further, in the step (3), the manufacturing method of the semi-dead and non-active large cladocerans comprises the following steps: and (3) separating the large cladocera caught on the same day from water for half an hour to obtain the semi-dead and inactive large cladocera.
Further, in the step (3), the domestication density is 1-2 ten thousand tails per cubic meter when domesticating food.
Further, in the step (4), in the screening and domesticating pond, the stocking density is 4000-; in the successful domestication pond, the stocking density is 3000-4000 tails/cubic meter.
Further, in the step (5), the stocking density in the fish seed rearing pond is 800-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an industrial breeding method for elopichthys bambusa fingerlings in an indoor cement pond, which is not influenced by weather conditions, has relatively stable and controllable conditions such as water quality, temperature and the like, and has less diseases; the method of the invention feeds under the condition of manual control, the palatability of the bait is good, the bait is stably supplied, and the survival rate of the blossoming is high and stable; and timely screening is carried out, and the specification is neat; the method is used for industrial high-density culture, is easy to manage, low in labor intensity, high in domestication success rate, capable of guaranteeing quality, quantity, timing and feeding at fixed points of baits and not prone to self-killing, so that the survival rate of the elopichthys bambusa fingerlings can be greatly improved, and large-scale culture of the elopichthys bambusa fingerlings is realized.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the following embodiments, the rotifers are rotifers cultivated in outdoor soil ponds; the small cladocera is 0.5-2mm in body length, specifically includes senile daphnia sububerans, daphnia areca, daphnia brachypoda, daphnia thoracissioides and daphnia proboschus, and is caught in an outdoor soil pond, cleaned, filtered and fed; the length of the large cladocera is 2-6 mm, specifically daphnia magna, daphnia magna and daphnia magna, and the living large cladocera is caught on the same day of an outdoor soil pond; the semidead and inactive large cladocera are: the vitality of the large cladocera which are caught on the same day is greatly reduced after the large cladocera leaves water for half an hour; the totally dead large cladocera is as follows: the large-scale cladocera caught on the same day leaves water for 2 hours, and the cladocera die by itself, and has good quality and can not go bad; in the following examples, the cultivation conditions were: water temperature is 25-28 ℃, dissolved oxygen in water is kept above 5 mg/L, pH value is 7-8, and the water is cultured in circulating water.
Example 1
An industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) disinfection of the pool: cleaning a pool, then adopting bleaching powder for disinfection treatment (50 kg of bleaching powder water of 1 kg is used, and the whole pool is splashed), and washing with water for later use; the water pool is an indoor cement pool, the area of the fish pool is 80 square meters, and the water depth is 0.8-1 meter;
(2) breeding the water flowers: hatching the fry for 2-3 days, breeding after waist point appears, and feeding the fry with the breeding density of 5 ten thousand tails/cubic meter, and feeding artificially hatched rotifers 7-10 days later, wherein the length of the fry reaches 1-1.5 cm, and the length of the fed small cladocera reaches 0.5-2 mm; the survival rate reaches 70 percent.
(3) Domesticating food: after the fry grows to 3-3.5 cm, putting the fry into a domestication pond for domestication and feeding, wherein the domestication density is 1-1.5 thousands of fishes per cubic meter, the 1 st-3 th day, feeding live large twigs and horns, the length of the large twigs and horns is 2-6 mm, then, mixing and feeding the semi-dead and inactive large twigs and the live large twigs according to the weight ratio of 1:1, feeding for 2-3 days, feeding the semi-dead and inactive large twigs and horns after 2-3 days, and then gradually adding artificial mixed feed until the fry completely eats the artificial mixed feed; the survival rate reaches 90% in this stage, and the food domestication success rate reaches 86%;
(4) screening: after the fry grows to 5-6 cm, screening the fry, placing the Elopichthys bambusa which cannot eat the expanded feed into a screening and domesticating pond for continuous domestication, wherein the stocking density is 4000-; placing the successful domesticated elopichthys bambusa fry in a successful domesticating pond, and continuously feeding the fish, wherein the stocking density is 3000 + 4000 fish/cubic meter;
(5) and (3) large-scale fish breeding: and (3) placing the offspring seeds successfully domesticated and having the body length of more than 10 cm into a fish seed culture pond, continuously culturing until the body length reaches 20 cm, wherein the stocking density is 800 plus 1000 tails per cubic meter, and the survival rate reaches 95% in the stage.
Example 2
An industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) disinfection of the pool: cleaning a pool, then adopting potassium permanganate to carry out disinfection treatment (using 40-50 g of potassium permanganate to dissolve 50 kg of water, splashing the whole pool), and washing the pool with water for later use; the water pool is an indoor cement pool, the area of the fish pool is 100 square meters, and the water depth is 0.8-1 meter;
(2) breeding the water flowers: hatching the fry for 2-3 days, breeding after waist point appears, and feeding the fry with the breeding density of 5 ten thousand tails/cubic meter, and feeding artificially hatched rotifers 7-10 days later, wherein the length of the fry reaches 1-1.5 cm, and the length of the fed small cladocera reaches 0.5-2 mm; the survival rate reaches 68 percent.
(3) Domesticating food: after the fry grows to 3-3.5 cm, putting the fry into a domestication pond for domestication and feeding, wherein the domestication density is 1.5-1.8 thousands of fishes per cubic meter, the 1 st-3 rd day, feeding live large twigs and horns, the length of the large twigs and horns is 2-6 mm, then mixing and feeding the semi-dead and inactive large twigs and horns according to the weight ratio of 1:1, feeding for 2-3 days, feeding the semi-dead and inactive large twigs and horns, feeding the whole-dead large twigs and horns after 2-3 days, and then gradually adding artificial mixed feed until the fry completely eats the artificial mixed feed; the survival rate of the fry reaches 85% at this stage, and the food domestication success rate reaches 92%;
(4) screening: after the fry grows to 5-6 cm, screening the fry, placing the Elopichthys bambusa which cannot eat the expanded feed into a screening and domesticating pond for continuous domestication, wherein the stocking density is 4000-; placing the successful domesticated elopichthys bambusa fry in a successful domesticating pond, and continuously feeding the fish, wherein the stocking density is 3000 + 4000 fish/cubic meter;
(5) and (3) large-scale fish breeding: and (3) placing the offspring seeds successfully domesticated and having the body length of more than 10 cm into a fish seed culture pond, continuously culturing until the body length reaches 20 cm, wherein the stocking density is 800 plus 1000 tails per cubic meter, and the survival rate reaches 95% in the stage.
Claims (6)
1. An industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) disinfection of the pool: cleaning the pool, then performing disinfection treatment, and washing the pool with water for later use;
(2) breeding the water flowers: hatching the fry for 2-3 days, breeding after the waist spot appears, simultaneously feeding rotifer, feeding for 7-10 days until the fry body length reaches 1-1.5 cm, and feeding small twigs with body length of 0.5-2 mm;
(3) domesticating food: after the fry grows to 3-3.5 cm, domesticating and feeding live large twigs for 1-3 days, wherein the length of the large twigs is 2-6 mm, then mixing and feeding the live large twigs with semi-dead inactive large twigs according to the weight ratio of 1:1, feeding the mixture for 2-3 days, feeding the mixture by using the semi-dead inactive large twigs, feeding the mixture for 2-3 days, feeding the mixture by using the full-dead large twigs, and gradually adding artificial mixed feed until all the fries eat the artificial mixed feed;
(4) screening: after the fry grows to 5-6 cm, screening the fry, and placing the elopichthys bambusa fry which cannot eat the expanded feed in a screening domestication pond for continuous domestication; placing the elopichthys bambusa fries successfully domesticated in a successfully domesticated pond, and continuously feeding;
(5) and (3) large-scale fish breeding: placing the fingerlings which are successfully domesticated and have the body length larger than 10 cm into a fingerling rearing pond, and continuing rearing until the body length is 20 cm;
in the steps (2) to (5), the culture conditions are as follows: circulating water culture with water temperature of 25-28 deg.C, dissolved oxygen in water maintained at above 5 mg/L, pH of 7-8;
in the step (2), the stocking density is 5-6 ten thousand tails per cubic meter;
in the step (3), the manufacturing method of the semi-dead and non-active large cladocerans comprises the following steps: separating the large cladocera caught on the same day from water for half an hour to obtain semi-dead and inactive large cladocera;
in the step (4), in the screening and domesticating pond, the stocking density is 4000-; in the successful domestication pond, the stocking density is 3000-4000 tails/cubic meter.
2. The industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa species according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the disinfection treatment is carried out by bleaching powder or potassium permanganate, and the bleaching powder or potassium permanganate is sprinkled in a full pool after being dissolved in water.
3. The industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusoides of claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the small cladocera is selected from one or more of the group consisting of senile low-frontal daphnia, straight-frontal moina, breda daphnia, spiny daphnia or long-frontal daphnia rhinophus.
4. The industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusoides of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the daphnia magna, daphnia magna or daphnia magna are one or more species.
5. The industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa species according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the domestication density at the time of domestication is 1 to 2 ten thousand fish/cubic meter.
6. The industrial breeding method of elopichthys bambusa fingerlings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step (5), the breeding density in the fingerling breeding pool is 800-.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108575831A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-28 | 湖南省水产科学研究所 | The method that a Gan fishes tame and docile food artifical compound feed |
| CN108668961A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-19 | 苏州苏湘特种水产养殖场 | A kind of pond breeding method of Bambusa fishes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108668961A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-19 | 苏州苏湘特种水产养殖场 | A kind of pond breeding method of Bambusa fishes |
| CN108575831A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-28 | 湖南省水产科学研究所 | The method that a Gan fishes tame and docile food artifical compound feed |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 驯食强度对鳡幼鱼驯食效果及生长的影响;王昆鹏等;《中国农学通报》;20150131;第31卷(第2期);第85-90页 * |
| 鳡鱼专养技术;杨威等;《养殖与饲料》;20110930(第9期);第32-33页 * |
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