CN102986572B - Method for completely and artificially breeding palaemon carinicauda parent shrimps indoors - Google Patents
Method for completely and artificially breeding palaemon carinicauda parent shrimps indoors Download PDFInfo
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- CN102986572B CN102986572B CN201210575088.0A CN201210575088A CN102986572B CN 102986572 B CN102986572 B CN 102986572B CN 201210575088 A CN201210575088 A CN 201210575088A CN 102986572 B CN102986572 B CN 102986572B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a method for completely and artificially breeding palaemon carinicauda parent shrimps indoors and belongs to the technical field of palaemon carinicauda artificial breeding. The method comprises the steps of water quality control, larval shrimp selection, density setting, water temperature control, feeding and water change, gonad development adjustment and gonad mature judgment. The water quality control is that water temperature is controlled to be 24-28 DEG C in the whole breeding process. The feeding and water change is that a matched feed is fed before the palaemon carinicauda grows to 2cm, clam meal and fresh alive clam worms are fed when the palaemon carinicauda grows to 2cm, and the daily water changing amount is 20%-30%. The gonad development adjustment is that when female shrimp ovaries develop to an II-III period, female shrimps identical in gonad development degree are bred in the same aquarium, and breeding water temperature of a group of shrimps with low gonad development speed is improved by 2-4DEG C. The gonad synchronous development and mature of palaemon carinicauda are achieved through feed selection, density setting and water temperature control in the breeding process of the palaemon carinicauda parent shrimps, and large-scale indoor artificial breeding of the palaemon carinicauda is facilitate ed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Exopalaemon carinicauda artificial breeding technology field, relate to particularly a kind of method of indoor culture Exopalaemon carinicauda parent shrimp.
Background technology
Exopalaemon carinicauda (Exopalaemon carinicauda) is subordinate to Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, Palaemonidae, Palaemon, is mainly distributed in the less salt waters, shallow sea of China the whole continent bank and west bank, the Korea peninsula.Due to its have individual little, the breeding cycle is short, fast growth, responsive and easy feature (Li Xinzheng etc., 2003 such as raising to toxicity; Zheng Yanjing etc., 2006; Wang Libao etc., 2008), be the desirable laboratory animal of research such as crustacean auxology, genetics, pharmacology, toxicology and disease.But because the current full artificial breeding of Exopalaemon carinicauda scale not yet successfully solves, close shrimp source is main to be relied on inshore fishing in spring oogenesis parent shrimp or fishes for cement pit overwintering parent shrimp (Xu Guocheng etc., 2008 autumn; Lin Ji ability etc., 2009; Zou Shengli etc., 2009), sexual maturity is asynchronous, and easily carries and propagate cause of disease (Lu Wu You etc., 1995; Xu Wenjun etc., 2010; Li Xincang etc., 2012), cause the output of growing seedlings unstable, easily morbidity, success rate is lower.Therefore, carry out indoor full Larva of Palaemon carinicauda During Artificial Rearing parent shrimp, cut off its transmission of pathogen approach, for good technical foundation is established in Exopalaemon carinicauda indoor scale artificial breeding and laboratory animalization research.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method of indoor full Larva of Palaemon carinicauda During Artificial Rearing parent shrimp, cut off its transmission of pathogen approach, under manually operated breeding environment, realize Exopalaemon carinicauda sexual gland and synchronously reach maturity, for cultivating healthy high-quality Exopalaemon carinicauda seed, lay a good foundation.
The present invention completes by following technical operation program:
A method for indoor full Larva of Palaemon carinicauda During Artificial Rearing parent shrimp, comprises that water is changed in water quality control, the selection of young shrimp, density setting, water temperature control, bait throwing in, gonad development regulates and gonad maturity is judged;
Described water quality control: seawater salinity 29-31, pH7.9-8.2, ammonia nitrogen≤0.2mg/L, standby after sterilization, aeration;
Described young shrimp is selected: select that the size that indoors artificial cultivates is neat, energetic, stomach and intestine are full, hepatopancrease is the young shrimp of filemot Exopalaemon carinicauda, without cause of disease, carry;
Described density setting: before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, cultivation density is 50-80 tail/150L; Exopalaemon carinicauda body reaches the above cultivation density of 2cm and is adjusted into 20-30 tail/150L, and female, male point is supported;
Described water temperature control: in whole cultivating process, water temperature is controlled at 24-28 ℃;
Water is changed in described bait throwing in: the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, and clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm start to throw something and feed during the long 2cm of body; After the chopping of clam meat, insert 150 mesh sieve tulles sterilization seawater flushing, except degrease; Clam worm is cut into the long segment of 0.5cm, clean with sterilization seawater flushing; Mixed bait day throwing amount is the 2%-3% of Exopalaemon carinicauda body weight, clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm day throwing amount are the 10%-20% of Exopalaemon carinicauda body weight, and the frequency of throwing something and feeding is that sooner or later respectively once clam meat and clam worm are are alternately thrown something and fed every other day, timing soil pick-up changes water, and a day quantity of exchanged water is 20%-30%;
Described gonad development regulates: when the female shrimp development of ovary is during to the II-III phase, according to its Developmental maturity, redistribute cultivation, female shrimp consistent maturity of fish gonads is supported in same aquarium, and gonad development speed organize slightly slowly and cultivated water temperature raising 2-4 ℃;
Described gonad maturity is judged: when female shrimp gonad development is the maturing stage to the IV phase, ovary has been covered with whole gastric area, He Xin district, hepatic region, is blackish green or yellow, and belly side first is light blue, is now about to cast off a skin and mating; After male shrimp testis development maturation, be creamy white.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
1, the present invention is indoor full artificial culture from the young shrimp of Exopalaemon carinicauda to becoming shrimp, away from outdoor shrimp crab cultivating pool, can effectively cut off that cause of disease is vertical, horizontal transmission.
2, the present invention, by bait selection, density setting and water temperature in Exopalaemon carinicauda parent shrimp rearing process are regulated, realizes Exopalaemon carinicauda sexual gland and synchronously reaches maturity, and is conducive to carry out Exopalaemon carinicauda indoor scale artificial breeding.
3, to adopt female, the male shrimp of Exopalaemon carinicauda parent shrimp to divide foster in the present invention, can effectively avoid the individual female shrimp ovum causing compared with the female shrimp mating failure of little male shrimp and sexual maturity cannot normal fertilization, improves the fertilization rate of close shrimp, and increase brings out the quantity of seed.
4, the present invention can select as required to have merit individuality and carries out directed mating, sets up inbred line laboratory animal.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the technical solution of the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment 1
A method for indoor full Larva of Palaemon carinicauda During Artificial Rearing parent shrimp, comprises that water is changed in water quality control, the selection of young shrimp, density setting, water temperature control, bait throwing in, gonad development regulates and gonad maturity is judged; Concrete steps are as follows:
A. water quality control: seawater salinity 30.2, pH8.1, ammonia nitrogen <0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L C5H6Br2N2O2 sterilization 12 hours, continuous aeration is standby after 24 hours.
B. young shrimp is selected: select the young shrimp of A family 2nd generation Exopalaemon carinicauda that indoors artificial is cultivated, size is neat, and energetic, stomach and intestine are full, and hepatopancrease is yellowish-brown, without cause of disease, carries.
C. density setting: 200L PVC aquarium, filling 150L seawater, inflation.Before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, cultivation density is 50 tails/150L; Body reaches the above cultivation density of 2cm and is adjusted into 30 tails/150L, and female, male point is supported.
D. water temperature control: Indoor Natural temperature is 20 ℃, adopts heater to regulate water temperature, is warming up to 24 ℃ with 1 ℃/day, keeps constant.
E. water is changed in bait throwing in: the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm start to throw something and feed during the long 2cm of body.After the chopping of clam meat, insert 150 mesh sieve tulles sterilization seawater flushing, except degrease; Clam worm is cut into the long segment of 0.5cm, clean with sterilization seawater flushing.Mixed bait day throwing amount is the 2%-3% of shrimp body weight, and clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm day throwing amount are the 10%-20% of shrimp body weight.The frequency of throwing something and feeding is sooner or later respectively once.Clam meat and clam worm are are alternately thrown something and fed every other day.Timing soil pick-up changes water, and a day quantity of exchanged water is 20%-30%.
F. gonad development regulates: cultivate after 90 days, the III phase has been arrived in most of female shrimp development of ovary, and ovary has been covered with gastric area and hepatic region, through the carapace ovum grain that mays be seen indistinctly.According to its Developmental maturity, redistribute cultivation, female shrimp consistent maturity of fish gonads is supported in same aquarium, and gonad development speed is organized to cultivation water temperature slightly slowly and slowly bring up to 28 ℃.
G. sexual maturity is judged: cultivate after 120 days, 80% female shrimp gonad development is the maturing stage to the IV phase, and ovary has been covered with whole gastric area, He Xin district, hepatic region, is blackish green or yellow, and ovum grain is high-visible, and belly side first is light blue.All the other 20% female shrimp gonad developments have arrived the III phase.Whole male shrimp spermary maturations, are creamy white.
Embodiment 2
A method for indoor full Larva of Palaemon carinicauda During Artificial Rearing parent shrimp, comprises that water is changed in water quality control, the selection of young shrimp, density setting, water temperature control, bait throwing in, gonad development regulates and gonad maturity is judged; Concrete steps are as follows:
A. water quality control: seawater salinity 31, pH8.2, ammonia nitrogen <0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L C5H6Br2N2O2 sterilization 12 hours, continuous aeration is standby after 24 hours.
B. young shrimp is selected: select the young shrimp of B family the 3rd generation Exopalaemon carinicauda that indoors artificial is cultivated, size is neat, and energetic, stomach and intestine are full, and hepatopancrease is yellowish-brown, carries after testing without cause of disease.
C. density setting: 200L PVC aquarium, filling 150L seawater, inflation.Before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, cultivation density is 80 tails/150L; Body reaches the above cultivation density of 2cm and is adjusted into 20 tails/150L, and female, male point is supported.
D. water temperature control: Indoor Natural temperature is 26 ℃, and water temperature is identical with room temperature.
E. water is changed in bait throwing in: the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm start to throw something and feed during the long 2cm of body.After the chopping of clam meat, insert 150 mesh sieve tulles sterilization seawater flushing, except degrease; Clam worm is cut into the long segment of 0.5cm, clean with sterilization seawater flushing.Mixed bait day throwing amount is the 2%-3% of Exopalaemon carinicauda body weight, and clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm day throwing amount are the 10%-20% of Exopalaemon carinicauda body weight.The frequency of throwing something and feeding is sooner or later respectively once.Clam meat and clam worm are are alternately thrown something and fed every other day.Timing soil pick-up changes water, and a day quantity of exchanged water is 20%-30%.
F. gonad development regulates: cultivate after 80 days, the III phase has been arrived in most of female shrimp development of ovary, and ovary has been covered with gastric area and hepatic region, through the carapace ovum grain that mays be seen indistinctly.According to its Developmental maturity, redistribute cultivation, female shrimp consistent maturity of fish gonads is supported in same aquarium, and gonad development speed is organized to cultivation water temperature slightly slowly and slowly bring up to 28 ℃.
G. sexual maturity is judged: cultivate after 110 days, 80% female shrimp gonad development is the maturing stage to the IV phase, and ovary has been covered with whole gastric area, He Xin district, hepatic region, is blackish green or yellow, and ovum grain is high-visible, and belly side first is light blue.All the other 20% female shrimp gonad developments have arrived the III phase.Whole male shrimp spermary maturations, are creamy white.
Claims (2)
1. a method for indoor full Larva of Palaemon carinicauda During Artificial Rearing parent shrimp, comprises water quality control, the selection of young shrimp, it is characterized in that it also comprises that water is changed in density setting, water temperature control, bait throwing in, gonad development regulates and gonad maturity is judged;
Described water quality control: seawater salinity 29-31, pH7.9-8.2, ammonia nitrogen≤0.2mg/L, standby after sterilization, aeration;
Described young shrimp is selected: select that the size that indoors artificial cultivates is neat, energetic, stomach and intestine are full, hepatopancrease is the young shrimp of filemot Exopalaemon carinicauda, without cause of disease, carry;
Described density setting: before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, cultivation density is 50-80 tail/150L; Exopalaemon carinicauda body reaches the above cultivation density of 2cm and is adjusted into 20-30 tail/150L, and female, male point is supported;
Described water temperature control: in whole cultivating process, water temperature is controlled at 24-28 ℃;
Water is changed in described bait throwing in: the mixed bait of throwing something and feeding before the long 2cm of Exopalaemon carinicauda body, and clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm start to throw something and feed during the long 2cm of body; Day quantity of exchanged water is 20%-30%;
Described gonad development regulates: when the female shrimp development of ovary is during to the II-III phase, according to its Developmental maturity, redistribute cultivation, female shrimp consistent maturity of fish gonads is supported in same aquarium, and gonad development speed organize slightly slowly and cultivated water temperature raising 2-4 ℃;
Described gonad maturity is judged: when female shrimp gonad development is the maturing stage to the IV phase, ovary has been covered with whole gastric area, He Xin district, hepatic region, is blackish green or yellow, and belly side first is light blue, is now about to cast off a skin and mating; After male shrimp testis development maturation, be creamy white.
2. the method for a kind of indoor full Larva of Palaemon carinicauda During Artificial Rearing parent shrimp according to claim 1, is characterized in that inserting 150 mesh sieve tulles sterilization seawater flushing after the clam meat chopping in water step is changed in described bait throwing in, except degrease; Described clam worm is cut into the long segment of 0.5cm, clean with sterilization seawater flushing; Described mixed bait day throwing amount is the 2%-3% of Exopalaemon carinicauda body weight, and clam meat and fresh and alive clam worm day throwing amount are the 10%-20% of Exopalaemon carinicauda body weight, and the frequency of throwing something and feeding is that sooner or later respectively once clam meat and clam worm are are alternately thrown something and fed every other day, and timing soil pick-up changes water.
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| CN104186394A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-10 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Cultivation method for crystal shrimps |
| CN104585100A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-06 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | High-yield culturing method for white shrimps |
| CN104982359B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-05-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Soil pond ecological raising and culturing method of palaemon carinicauda |
| CN115005131A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-06 | 广西海洋研究所有限责任公司 | Feeding habit domestication method for cuttlefish with white spot |
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Application publication date: 20130327 Assignee: Qingdao Excellence Marine Group Co., Ltd. Assignor: Inst of Huanghai Sea Marine Products, Chinese Academy of Aquatic Product Science Contract record no.: 2015370000070 Denomination of invention: Method for completely and artificially breeding palaemon carinicauda parent shrimps indoors Granted publication date: 20140507 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150430 |
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